CN111173582A - Continuous power generation device and method utilizing organic working medium without pump circulation - Google Patents
Continuous power generation device and method utilizing organic working medium without pump circulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN111173582A CN111173582A CN202010089602.4A CN202010089602A CN111173582A CN 111173582 A CN111173582 A CN 111173582A CN 202010089602 A CN202010089602 A CN 202010089602A CN 111173582 A CN111173582 A CN 111173582A
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011555 saturated liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000026676 system process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B23/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01B23/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B29/00—Machines or engines with pertinent characteristics other than those provided for in preceding main groups
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D9/00—Stators
- F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B3/00—Other methods of steam generation; Steam boilers not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F22B3/04—Other methods of steam generation; Steam boilers not provided for in other groups of this subclass by drop in pressure of high-pressure hot water within pressure- reducing chambers, e.g. in accumulators
- F22B3/045—Other methods of steam generation; Steam boilers not provided for in other groups of this subclass by drop in pressure of high-pressure hot water within pressure- reducing chambers, e.g. in accumulators the drop in pressure being achieved by compressors, e.g. with steam jet pumps
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Abstract
A continuous power generation device and method utilizing organic working medium pumpless circulation belongs to the technical field of medium and low temperature heat source power generation and is used for converting heat energy of a heat source within the range of 70-400 ℃ into electric energy through power circulation. The device utilizes the flash evaporation injection force to jointly drive with gravity, and the device includes flash evaporation injection tube bank, magnetic ball motion tube bank, liquid storage pot, linear generator unit and rotatory generator unit. After the low-boiling-point working medium in the flash evaporation injection tube bundle is heated and boiled, the lower magnetic ball plays a role of a check valve, and the kinetic energy of boiling and expansion of the working medium drives the upper magnetic ball to cut a linear generator winding to generate electricity; meanwhile, the gas-liquid mixture pushes the impeller to rotate, and the rotary generator is driven to generate electricity. When the working medium with low boiling point in the heat transfer pipe is heated and boiled, the boiling injection process is intermittent for a single heat transfer pipe, and the impeller can continuously rotate to generate power for the flash evaporation injection pipe bundle. Compared with the traditional organic Rankine cycle, the organic Rankine cycle energy-saving device saves pump work, has the advantage of high efficiency, and can be applied to medium and low temperature waste heat power generation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medium-low temperature heat source power generation, and particularly relates to a continuous power generation device and method utilizing organic working medium pumpless circulation.
Background
Heat energy is the most widely used energy form in national economy and people's life, and in recent years, a lot of researchers have made a lot of researches on the utilization of various medium-low temperature heat energies. The medium-low temperature energy sources are various in types and huge in total amount, and comprise various industrial waste heat, solar energy, geothermal energy, biomass energy, ocean temperature difference energy, LNG cold energy and the like. With the great promotion of energy conservation and emission reduction, mature application technologies are provided for medium-high temperature heat sources such as industrial waste heat and solar energy heat collecting and the like. The utilization rate of medium and low temperature heat sources such as shallow surface geothermal energy, solar energy, industrial waste heat and the like needs to be improved.
One of the main ways of thermal power conversion of medium-low temperature heat sources is an organic rankine cycle, and common forms include a multilayer organic rankine cycle or a gravity-driven organic rankine cycle, but the organic rankine cycle has the problems of low power generation efficiency caused by large power consumption ratio of a pump or overhigh system height caused by insufficient driving force.
In recent years, regarding the utilization of medium and low temperature heat sources, related researchers also propose a ternary-flash cycle, which consists of an evaporator, a compressor and an expander, wherein the phase change of the working medium in the evaporator is avoided after heating, but when the pressure reaches a certain value, a valve at the inlet of the expander is opened, the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid enters a low-pressure environment through a nozzle, and flash evaporation is carried out at the outlet of the nozzle to generate jet flow to push the expander to rotate. Because the working medium in the evaporator of the system can be opened to generate power only after reaching a certain pressure after being heated, the problem of generating pulse current exists.
Therefore, the research on the continuous power generation system which reduces the pump work and the system scale has important practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a continuous power generation device and a method using organic working medium without pump circulation, and the device and the method have the advantages of simple structure and high efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a continuous power generation device utilizing organic working medium pumpless circulation is composed of an organic working medium closed circulation loop and two power generation units; the organic working medium closed circulation loop comprises a flash evaporation injection tube bundle 1, a magnetic ball movement tube bundle 2, a liquid storage tank 3, a down pipe 4 and a collection box 5, wherein the outlet of the flash evaporation injection tube bundle 1 is connected with the inlet of the magnetic ball movement tube bundle 2, the outlets of the magnetic ball movement tube bundle 2 are all communicated with the inlet of the liquid storage tank 3, the outlet of the liquid storage tank 3 is connected with the inlet of the down pipe 4, the outlet of the down pipe 4 is communicated with the inlet of the collection box 5, and the outlet of the collection box 5 is communicated; the two power generation units comprise a linear generator unit 6 and a rotary generator unit 7, wherein the linear generator unit 6 consists of a linear generator winding 8 wound on the outer wall of the magnetic ball motion tube bundle 2, a rectifying circuit 9 connected with the linear generator winding 8 and a load 20 connected with the rectifying circuit 9, and the rotary generator unit 7 consists of an impeller 10 arranged in the liquid storage tank 3 and positioned right above the magnetic ball motion tube bundle 2 and a rotary generator 11 connected with the impeller 10; the flash evaporation injection tube bundle 1 is placed in a heat source 12, and a condensation capillary tube 13 is fully distributed above the liquid storage tank 3; the inlet and outlet of the flash evaporation spray pipe bundle 1 are provided with a lower nozzle 14 and an upper nozzle 15, and a lower magnetic ball 16 and an upper magnetic ball 17 are respectively arranged on the lower nozzle 14 and the upper nozzle 15.
The outlet of the magnetic ball movement tube bundle 2 is a conical reducing port 18.
And the organic working medium closed circulation loop is a low-boiling-point organic working medium 19.
The lower nozzle 14 and the upper nozzle 15 are both convergent-divergent nozzles.
The lower magnetic ball 16 and the upper magnetic ball 17 are both strong magnetic high temperature resistant neodymium iron boron magnetic balls.
The side of the liquid storage tank 3 close to the downcomer 4 is arranged downwards.
The temperature of the heat source 12 is 70-400 ℃, and the type of the medium is not limited to water, heat conducting oil and the like.
In the power generation method of the continuous power generation device utilizing the pumpless circulation of the organic working medium, a preset amount of saturated liquid organic working medium is filled in the closed circulation loop of the organic working medium under the condition of a preset temperature; after the heat source 12 is started, the saturated liquid organic working medium in the flash evaporation injection tube bundle 1 starts to be heated, the temperature and the pressure of the saturated liquid organic working medium gradually increase due to the sealing property of the lower magnetic ball 16 and the upper magnetic ball 17 on a heating space, when the pressure increases to push the upper magnetic ball 17 away from a gap, the pressure in the flash evaporation injection tube bundle 1 suddenly decreases, at the moment, the working medium undergoes a quasi-isothermal rapid expansion process, and the pressure of the working medium can be rapidly close to the initial preset pressure of the continuous power generation device; because the initial pressure of the continuous power generation device is lower than the saturated vapor pressure of the circulating working medium at the corresponding temperature, the working medium is gradually overheated to generate a small amount of gas nuclei, and the overheated working medium generates a large amount of bubble nuclei due to phase change along with further overheating of the working medium, so that rapid gasification is caused, and a large amount of bubbles are generated; then the air bubble will expand rapidly until bursting, and the expansion bursting process will generate strong acting force to push the upper magnetic ball 17 to eject upwards; in the above process, the lower nozzle 14 is tightly matched with the lower magnetic ball 16 to act as a check valve, so that the injection force of the liquid in the flash injection tube bundle 1 is fully used for pushing the upper magnetic ball 17 to move upwards; when the upper magnetic ball 17 rises to a certain height, the upper magnetic ball falls back to the original position under the action of gravity, the magnetic field intensity in the linear generator winding 8 is changed due to the up-and-down motion of the upper magnetic ball 17, and induced current generated in the linear generator winding 8 is rectified by the rectifying circuit 9 to drive an external load 20 to work; in order to prevent the magnetic balls from moving to the liquid storage tank, a conical reducing port 18 is arranged at the tail end of the magnetic ball movement tube bundle 2, and the conical reducing port 18 simultaneously enables the speed of the gas-liquid two-phase flow sprayed to the impeller 10 to be higher; the magnetic ball movement tube bundle 2 is aligned with the impeller blades, and the jet force of the magnetic ball movement tube bundle pushes the impeller 10 to rotate so as to drive the rotary generator 11 to generate electricity; the working medium which does work in each pipe of the magnetic ball movement pipe bundle 2 uniformly enters the liquid storage tank 3, is condensed into an initial saturated liquid state under the action of a condensation capillary 13 at the top of the liquid storage tank, then flows into the header 5 under the action of the downcomer 4, and starts the next cycle.
The invention provides a continuous power generation mode for a medium-low temperature heat source, which has the following innovations:
(1) the device provided by the invention is additionally provided with an independently innovative tube bundle boiling jet propulsion impeller power generation system on the basis of a separated heat pipe system and a gravity-driven organic Rankine cycle. Compared with the traditional organic Rankine cycle power generation system, the device has the advantages that the main circulation loop adopts a natural circulation mode, a booster pump and an expansion machine are omitted, external power supply is not relied on, the power consumption of the pump is avoided, and the device has high efficiency and low cost.
(2) Compared with the gravity-driven organic Rankine cycle, the boiling injection device consisting of the flash evaporation injection tube bundle, the magnetic ball motion tube bundle, the upper and lower nozzles, the upper and lower magnetic balls and the heat source is added, and the magnetic balls arranged at the upper and lower ends of the flash evaporation injection tube bundle provide generation conditions for boiling injection and can be used as a motion component to cut the induction coil for power generation. The driving force of the system is enhanced, and the utilization rate of the low-temperature heat source is higher.
(3) Compared with a single-pipe flash evaporation injection enhanced gravity driving power generation device, the power generation device can continuously output electric energy by adopting a form of combined power generation of a pipe bundle type heat transfer pipe, an impeller and a magnetic ball.
Due to the special design of the continuous power generation device, the invention has the advantages of low cost and easy implementation, and can be used in the fields of distributed power generation systems, medium and low temperature waste heat utilization and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a continuous power generation device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 is a flash evaporation jet tube bundle; 2 is a magnetic ball movement tube bundle; a liquid storage tank is arranged at the position 3; 4 is a down pipe; 5 is a header; 6 is a linear generator unit; 7 is a rotary generator unit; 8 is a linear generator winding; 9 is a rectifying circuit; 10 is an impeller; 11 is a rotary generator; 12 is a heat source; 13 is a condensation capillary; 14 is a lower nozzle; 15 is an upper nozzle; 16 is a lower magnetic ball; 17 is an upper magnetic ball; 18 is a conical tapered mouth; 19 is a low boiling point organic working medium; and 20 is a load.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the continuous power generation device using organic working medium pumpless cycle of the present invention is composed of an organic working medium closed cycle loop and two power generation units; the organic working medium closed circulation loop comprises a flash evaporation injection tube bundle 1, a magnetic ball movement tube bundle 2, a liquid storage tank 3, a down pipe 4 and a collection box 5, wherein the outlet of the flash evaporation injection tube bundle 1 is connected with the inlet of the magnetic ball movement tube bundle 2, the outlets of the magnetic ball movement tube bundle 2 are all communicated with the inlet of the liquid storage tank 3, the outlet of the liquid storage tank 3 is connected with the inlet of the down pipe 4, the outlet of the down pipe 4 is communicated with the inlet of the collection box 5, and the outlet of the collection box 5 is; the two power generation units comprise a linear generator unit 6 and a rotary generator unit 7, wherein the linear generator unit 6 consists of a linear generator winding 8 wound on the outer wall of the magnetic ball motion tube bundle 2, a rectifying circuit 9 connected with the linear generator winding 8 and a load 20 connected with the rectifying circuit 9, and the rotary generator unit 7 consists of an impeller 10 arranged in the liquid storage tank 3 and positioned right above the magnetic ball motion tube bundle 2 and a rotary generator 11 connected with the impeller 10; the flash evaporation injection tube bundle 1 is placed in a heat source 12, and a condensation capillary tube 13 is fully distributed above the liquid storage tank 3; the inlet and outlet of the flash evaporation spray pipe bundle 1 are provided with a lower nozzle 14 and an upper nozzle 15, and a lower magnetic ball 16 and an upper magnetic ball 17 are respectively arranged on the lower nozzle 14 and the upper nozzle 15. The main circulation loop is filled with working medium 19 with low boiling point. By heating the low-boiling-point organic working medium 19, the boiling injection device pushes the upper magnetic ball 17 to do vertical reciprocating linear motion, then the gas-liquid mixture still having large injection force pushes the impeller 10 to rotate, wherein the gas phase is condensed into saturated liquid under the action of the capillary condensation tube 13, and the saturated liquid is mixed with the liquid phase and then flows through the downcomer to enter the flash evaporation injection tube bundle 1 again to be heated, so that one cycle is completed. The device drives the generator to generate electricity through the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the magnetic ball and the rotation of the impeller, and the purpose of converting the heat energy of the medium-low temperature heat source into the electric energy is realized.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outlet of the magnetic ball moving tube bundle 2 is a tapered and tapered opening 18, which makes the flow passage cross-sectional area smaller and the fluid velocity higher, so that the fluid injected to the impeller 10 has higher kinetic energy. At the same time, the structure can prevent the upper magnetic ball 17 from moving to the liquid storage tank.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower nozzle 14 and the upper nozzle 15 are both convergent-divergent nozzles, and when the fluid flows through the throat portion of the convergent-divergent nozzle, the fluid velocity increases, the pressure decreases, part of the liquid evaporates, and the saturated liquid state changes into a two-phase state. Compared with the traditional organic Rankine cycle, the device can more effectively transfer heat from a heat source to the working medium, the irreversible loss is reduced, and the system process performance is improved.
As the preferred embodiment of the invention, the lower magnetic ball 16 and the upper magnetic ball 17 are both strong-magnetic high-temperature-resistant neodymium iron boron magnetic balls, the working temperature of the magnetic balls can reach 200 ℃ at most, and the magnetic balls are hard in texture, stable in performance and good in cost performance. The strong magnetic material enables the element to be more miniaturized, reduces the scale of the device, and meanwhile, under the condition that the geometric dimension is not changed, the stronger the magnetic field intensity is, the higher the efficiency of the generator is.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side of the liquid storage tank 3 adjacent to the downcomer 4 is inclined downwards, and the weight difference can offset the frictional resistance of a part of the gas phase.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the heat source 12 is 70 to 400 ℃, and the heating method may be divided into a direct introduction method and an indirect introduction method according to the heat source introduction method. Wherein, the direct introduction method is to put the flash evaporation injection pipe bundle 1 into low-grade heat energy or directly heat the circulating working medium by using a low-grade heat source; the indirect introduction mode is that a new heating loop is additionally established, a low-grade heat source is utilized to heat an intermediate medium, and then the intermediate medium is used to heat the circulating working medium of the device, wherein the intermediate medium can be water, heat-conducting oil and the like.
The invention relates to a continuous power generation device utilizing organic working medium pumpless circulation, which comprises the following working processes:
(1) and (3) vacuumizing the closed circulation loop of the organic working medium, and filling the low-boiling-point organic working medium 19. In the initial state, the working medium is in a saturated liquid state at room temperature.
(2) The condensation capillary 13 and the heat source 12 are sequentially turned on. The temperature and the pressure of the working medium in the flash evaporation injection tube bundle 1 are increased in the heating process, and when the pressure of the working medium is increased to overcome the gravity of the upper magnetic ball 17 and the gravity of the working medium in the magnetic ball movement tube bundle 2, the upper magnetic ball 17 is pushed away by a gap. At this point, the pressure in the flash jet tube bundle 1 suddenly drops, eventually dropping to the continuous power plant initial pressure. Because the initial pressure of the continuous power generation device is lower than the saturated vapor pressure of the circulating working medium at the corresponding temperature, part of the working medium in the flash evaporation injection tube bundle 1 is in an overheat state, and a small amount of gas nuclei are generated.
(3) Within a very short (millisecond) time, the working medium is further overheated, and the overheated working medium can generate a large number of bubble nuclei due to phase change, so that rapid gasification is caused, namely, a large number of bubbles are generated. The air bubble will expand rapidly until burst, and the expansion burst process will generate strong force to push the upper magnetic ball 17 to eject upward.
(4) After the upper magnetic ball 17 moves to a certain height, the upper magnetic ball falls back to the original position under the action of gravity, the up-and-down movement of the upper magnetic ball 17 causes the magnetic field intensity in the linear generator winding 8 to change, and induced current generated in the linear generator winding 8 is rectified by the rectifying circuit 9 to drive an external load 20 to work. The fluid which pushes the magnetic ball to do work passes through the conical reducing port 18 and then pushes the impeller 10 to rotate to drive the rotary generator 11 to generate electricity.
(5) After the working medium enters the liquid storage tank 3, the gas phase in the two-phase working medium contacts the condensation capillary 13 in the liquid storage tank, is condensed into an initial saturated liquid state, and enters the flash evaporation injection tube bundle 1 again for heating through the descending tube 4 and the header 5 under the action of gravity.
The above process is one complete cycle of the device. The up-and-down reciprocating motion of the upper magnetic ball 17 and the rotation of the impeller 10 respectively drive the linear generator winding 8 and the rotary generator 11 to generate continuous current.
Claims (8)
1. A continuous power generation device utilizing organic working medium pumpless circulation is characterized in that: the system consists of an organic working medium closed circulation loop and two power generation units; the organic working medium closed circulation loop comprises a flash evaporation injection tube bundle (1), a magnetic ball movement tube bundle (2), a liquid storage tank (3), a descending tube (4) and a collection box (5), wherein the outlet of the flash evaporation injection tube bundle (1) is connected with the inlet of the magnetic ball movement tube bundle (2), the outlets of the magnetic ball movement tube bundle (2) are all communicated with the inlet of the liquid storage tank (3), the outlet of the liquid storage tank (3) is connected with the inlet of the descending tube (4), the outlet of the descending tube (4) is communicated with the inlet of the collection box (5), and the outlet of the collection box (5) is communicated with the inlet of the flash; the two power generation units comprise a linear generator unit (6) and a rotary generator unit (7), wherein the linear generator unit (6) consists of a linear generator winding (8) wound on the outer wall of the magnetic ball motion tube bundle (2), a rectifying circuit (9) connected with the linear generator winding (8) and a load (20) connected with the rectifying circuit (9), and the rotary generator unit (7) consists of an impeller (10) arranged in the liquid storage tank (3) and positioned right above the magnetic ball motion tube bundle (2) and a rotary generator (11) connected with the impeller (10); the flash evaporation injection tube bundle (1) is placed in a heat source (12), and condensation capillary tubes (13) are fully distributed above the liquid storage tank (3); the inlet and outlet of the flash evaporation spray pipe bundle (1) are provided with a lower nozzle (14) and an upper nozzle (15), and a lower magnetic ball (16) and an upper magnetic ball (17) are respectively arranged on the lower nozzle (14) and the upper nozzle (15).
2. The continuous power generation device using the pumpless cycle of the organic working medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the outlet of the magnetic ball movement tube bundle (2) is a conical reducing port (18).
3. The continuous power generation device using the pumpless cycle of the organic working medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the organic working medium closed circulation loop is low-boiling organic working medium (19).
4. The continuous power generation device using the pumpless cycle of the organic working medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lower nozzle (14) and the upper nozzle (15) are both convergent-divergent nozzles.
5. The continuous power generation device using the pumpless cycle of the organic working medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lower magnetic ball (16) and the upper magnetic ball (17) are strong magnetic high-temperature resistant neodymium iron boron magnetic balls.
6. The continuous power generation device using the pumpless cycle of the organic working medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein: one side of the liquid storage tank (3) close to the downcomer (4) is inclined downwards.
7. The continuous power generation device using the pumpless cycle of the organic working medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the heat source (12) is 70-400 ℃, and the medium type is water or heat conducting oil.
8. The method for generating power of a continuous power generation device using pumpless cycle of organic working media according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: under the condition of a preset temperature, a preset amount of saturated liquid organic working medium is filled into the organic working medium closed circulation loop; after a heat source (12) is started, saturated liquid organic working media in the flash evaporation injection tube bundle (1) start to be heated, the temperature and the pressure of the saturated liquid organic working media gradually increase due to the sealing property of a lower magnetic ball (16) and an upper magnetic ball (17) on a heating space, when the pressure increases to push the upper magnetic ball (17) away a gap, the pressure in the flash evaporation injection tube bundle (1) suddenly decreases, at the moment, the working media undergo a quasi-isothermal rapid expansion process, and the pressure of the working media can be rapidly close to the initial pressure of the continuous power generation device; because the initial pressure of the continuous power generation device is lower than the saturated vapor pressure of the circulating working medium at the corresponding temperature, the working medium is gradually overheated to generate a small amount of gas nuclei, and the overheated working medium generates a large amount of bubble nuclei due to phase change along with further overheating of the working medium, so that rapid gasification is caused, and a large amount of bubbles are generated; then the air bubble will expand rapidly until bursting, and the expansion bursting process will generate strong acting force to push the upper magnetic ball (17) to eject upwards; in the process, the lower nozzle (14) is tightly matched with the lower magnetic ball (16) to play the role of a check valve, so that the spraying force of the liquid in the flash evaporation spraying pipe bundle (1) is fully used for pushing the upper magnetic ball (17) to move upwards; when the upper magnetic ball (17) rises to a certain height, the upper magnetic ball falls back to the original position under the action of gravity, the magnetic field intensity in the linear generator winding (8) is changed due to the up-and-down motion of the upper magnetic ball (17), and induced current generated in the linear generator winding (8) is rectified by the rectifying circuit (9) to drive an external load (20) to work; in order to prevent the magnetic balls from moving to the liquid storage tank, a conical reducing port (18) is arranged at the tail end of the magnetic ball moving tube bundle (2), and the conical reducing port (18) simultaneously enables the gas-liquid two-phase flow velocity sprayed to the impeller (10) to be higher; the magnetic ball movement tube bundle (2) is aligned to the impeller blades, and the jet force of the magnetic ball movement tube bundle pushes the impeller (10) to rotate so as to drive the rotary generator (11) to generate electricity; working media acting in each pipe of the magnetic ball movement pipe bundle (2) uniformly enter the liquid storage tank (3), are condensed into an initial saturated liquid state under the action of a condensation capillary (13) at the top of the liquid storage tank, and then flow into the header (5) under the action of the downcomer (4) to start the next round of circulation.
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| CN111535892A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-08-14 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Low-temperature waste heat simple power generation system and method adopting linear generator |
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