CN110185511B - Medium-low temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle combined cooling, heating and power system - Google Patents
Medium-low temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle combined cooling, heating and power system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110185511B CN110185511B CN201910336410.6A CN201910336410A CN110185511B CN 110185511 B CN110185511 B CN 110185511B CN 201910336410 A CN201910336410 A CN 201910336410A CN 110185511 B CN110185511 B CN 110185511B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
- F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
- F01K25/106—Ammonia
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
- F25B25/02—Compression-sorption machines, plants, or systems
Abstract
The invention relates to a medium-low temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle combined cooling, heating and power system, and belongs to the technical field of new energy and energy conservation. The combined cooling, heating and power system with medium and low temperature afterheat driven flash evaporation, injection and absorption combined cycle comprises a superheater, an afterheat heater, a flash evaporator, a rectifier, an expander, a cooling heat exchanger, a booster compressor, an injection ejector, a heat regenerator, an absorber, an absorption pump, a solution pump, a throttle valve and a stop valve. The combined cycle system can realize combined supply of heat and cold or combined supply of heat and power according to the requirements of users, and the combined cycle system constructed by the combined cycle system only has little heat loss to the outside no matter the combined cycle system operates in a combined supply of heat and cold or combined supply of heat and power mode, so that the maximum utilization of energy can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a medium-low temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle combined cooling, heating and power system, and belongs to the technical field of new energy and energy conservation.
Background
The medium-low temperature heat energy driven organic Rankine cycle system has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability, low operation and maintenance cost, capability of fully utilizing the temperature difference of the cold end and the hot end to efficiently operate, capability of realizing unattended full-automatic operation, high efficiency and the like, and is very suitable for constructing a combined cold (heat) and power distributed energy system. In recent years, medium and low temperature thermal energy driven ORC technology and combined cooling/heating and power technology based on ORC technology have become hot spots of international research. However, most of currently studied ORCs belong to a condensation type ORC, a condenser is adopted at a cold end to recover a cycle working medium after expansion of an expander (or turbine) outlet, and the pressure at the expander (or turbine) outlet is limited by the condensation temperature and is generally higher, so that the generating efficiency of the ORC is generally lower. In view of this, Goswami proposed in 1998 to use an absorber as a recycling device of the recycling working medium (ammonia) in the study of ammonia-water absorption power cycle, so as to reduce the pressure at the outlet of the expansion turbine to a large extent, improve the specific work of the turbine output and the cycle efficiency, and simultaneously produce cold, but in order to prevent the water vapor carried in the steam generated by the generator from generating an ice plug when the water vapor expands to below 0 ℃, the steam needs to be rectified and then expanded by the turbine. With the intense research in recent years on novel working fluids for absorption refrigeration cycles, more than 40 refrigerants and more than 200 absorbents have been found to constitute working fluid pairs. The international scholars have conducted exploratory research on the absorption type power cycle adopting the organic medium working medium pair, and preliminarily show that the absorption type power cycle adopting the organic medium working medium pair has the advantages of low toxicity, good safety, many working medium pairs to select, no ice plug, high efficiency and the like. The absorption power cycle is undoubtedly a technological revolution for the condensing rankine cycle.
However, after analyzing the absorption power cycle proposed internationally at present, it was found that: the cycle multiplying power of the absorption type power cycle is generally higher, the steam production of the generator is less, so that the solution pump consumes more power, the steam inlet quantity of the turbine is less, and the output power is smaller; when the generator pressure differs significantly from the absorption pressure, a large throttling pressure drop (exergy) loss occurs during the flow of a large amount of dilute solution as absorbent from the high pressure generator to the low pressure absorber, and the generator is also structurally complex.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems and the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a medium-low temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle combined cooling, heating and power system. The system highly integrates the advantages of organic flash steam circulation, injection and absorption circulation: the working medium pair adopts a binary working medium pair with larger boiling point difference and better absorption performance, wherein a high-boiling-point working medium is used as an absorbent, and a low-boiling-point absorbent is used as a circulating working medium; secondly, a conventional waste heat heater with a simple structure such as a finned tube heat exchanger is adopted to replace a generator with a complex structure; the strong absorption action of the absorbent in the absorber on the circulating working medium greatly reduces the pressure at the cold end of the circulation, and the absorption heat released in the absorption process can realize external heat supply; fourthly, the injection effect of the injection injector is utilized to further reduce the back pressure of the outlet of the expansion machine, and low-temperature exhaust steam at the outlet of the expansion machine can be utilized to supply cold to the outside while the output power of the expansion machine is increased; and a booster compressor is additionally arranged behind the cooling heat exchanger at the outlet of the expansion machine, the back pressure of the outlet of the turbine can be further reduced under the condition of keeping the absorption pressure unchanged, the cold energy at lower temperature is obtained, and the heat absorbed by the cooling heat exchanger from the outside is completely transferred to the absorber to supply heat to the outside. The combined cycle system can realize combined supply of heat and cold or combined supply of heat and power according to the requirements of users, and the combined cycle system constructed by the combined cycle system only has little heat loss to the outside no matter the combined cycle system operates in a combined supply of heat and cold or combined supply of heat and power mode, so that the maximum utilization of energy can be realized. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A medium-low temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle combined cooling, heating and power system comprises a superheater 1, a waste heat heater 2, a flash evaporator 3, a rectifier 4, an expander 5, a cooling heat exchanger 6, a booster compressor 7, an injection ejector 8, a heat regenerator 9, an absorber 10, an absorption pump 11, a solution pump 12, a throttle valve 13 and a stop valve, wherein an outlet of a working medium solution containing a high concentration of a circulating working medium of the absorber 10 is sequentially pumped into the heat regenerator 9 and the rectifier 4 through the solution pump 12 for preheating and then flows into the waste heat heater 2, a waste heat flow enters a waste heat inlet of the waste heat heater 2 for heating the working medium solution containing the high concentration of the circulating working medium after being overheated by the superheater 1, a high-temperature working medium concentrated solution outlet at the top of the waste heat heater 2 is connected with the flash evaporator 3 through the throttle valve 13, and the high-temperature working medium concentrated solution in the flash evaporator, a top steam outlet after flash evaporation of the flash evaporator 3 is connected with an inlet of a rectifier 4, a high-purity circulating working medium gas outlet of the rectifier 4 is connected with an inlet of an expander 5 after passing through a heater 1, a dead steam outlet of the expander 5 is connected to a cold fluid inlet of a cooling heat exchanger 6 through a stop valve I14, a cold fluid outlet of the cooling heat exchanger 6 is connected with an inlet of a booster compressor 7, an outlet of the booster compressor 7 is connected with an injection ejector 8 through a stop valve III 16 to inject a fluid inlet, and a dead steam outlet of the expander 5 is connected with an injection ejector 8 to inject a fluid inlet through another pipeline and a stop valve II 15; the working medium pair dilute solution after flash evaporation of the flash evaporator 3 enters a working fluid inlet of the jet ejector 8 from a bottom outlet, a gas-liquid mixture at the outlet of the jet ejector 8 is cooled by a heat regenerator 9 and then is connected to a bottom liquid bag at one side of an absorber 10, the working medium pair dilute solution in the liquid bag is connected to a spraying device at the top of the absorber 10 through an absorption pump 11, and heat generated in the absorption process of the absorber 10 is used for heating heat supply backwater in a heat supply air-conditioning water system or water feeding of a sanitary hot water supply system;
a stop valve XI 24 and a stop valve X23 are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the absorption pump 11, a stop valve IX 22 and a stop valve VIII 21 are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the solution pump 12, a stop valve V18 and a stop valve IV 17 are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of a heat supply water return pipeline in the heating heat supply air-conditioning water system, and a stop valve VII 20 and a stop valve VI 19 are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of a water supply pipeline of the sanitary hot water supply system.
The working medium pair solution is a binary working medium pair with large boiling point difference and good absorption performance; wherein the high boiling point working medium is used as an absorbent, and the low boiling point absorbent is used as a circulating working medium.
The working medium pair solution is CO 2/acetone, NH3/H2O, NH3/LiNO3, NH3/NaSCN, propane/n-hexane or H2O/LiBr.
The waste heat heater 2 is a finned tube heat exchanger or a plate heat exchanger.
The absorber 10 adopts a falling film tube/plate type or a horizontal calandria type.
The jet ejector 8 comprises a nozzle N, an injection chamber E, a mixing chamber M and a diffusion section D, wherein the nozzle N is inserted into the injection chamber E, and the injection chamber E is sequentially communicated and connected with the mixing chamber M and the diffusion section D.
A medium-low temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle combined cooling, heating and power system comprises a superheater 1, a waste heat heater 2, a flash evaporator 3, an expander 5, a cold supply heat exchanger 6, a booster compressor 7, an injection ejector 8, a heat regenerator 9, an absorber 10, an absorption pump 11, a solution pump 12, a throttle valve 13 and a stop valve, wherein a working medium solution outlet containing a high concentration of a circulating working medium of the absorber 10 is pumped into the heat regenerator 9 through the solution pump 12 for preheating and then flows into the waste heat heater 2, a waste heat flow enters a waste heat inlet of the waste heat heater 2 for heating the working medium solution containing the high concentration of the circulating working medium after passing through the superheater 1 for overheating, a high temperature working medium concentrated solution outlet at the top of the waste heat heater 2 is connected with the flash evaporator 3 through the throttle valve 13, and the high temperature working medium in the flash evaporator 3 carries out flash, a top steam outlet after flash evaporation of the flash evaporator 3 is connected with the superheater 1 and then connected to an inlet of an expansion machine 5, an exhaust steam outlet of the expansion machine 5 is connected to a cold fluid inlet of a cooling heat exchanger 6 through a stop valve I14, a cold fluid outlet of the cooling heat exchanger 6 is connected to an inlet of a booster compressor 7, an outlet of the booster compressor 7 is connected with an injection ejector 8 through a stop valve III 16 to inject fluid, and an exhaust steam outlet of the expansion machine 5 is connected with an injection ejector 8 to inject fluid through another pipeline and a stop valve II 15; the working medium pair dilute solution after flash evaporation of the flash evaporator 3 enters a working fluid inlet of the jet ejector 8 from a bottom outlet, a gas-liquid mixture at the outlet of the jet ejector 8 is cooled by a heat regenerator 9 and then is connected to a bottom liquid bag at one side of an absorber 10, the working medium pair dilute solution in the liquid bag is connected to a spraying device at the top of the absorber 10 through an absorption pump 11, and heat generated in the absorption process of the absorber 10 is used for heating heat supply backwater in a heat supply air-conditioning water system or water feeding of a sanitary hot water supply system;
a stop valve XI 24 and a stop valve X23 are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the absorption pump 11, a stop valve IX 22 and a stop valve VIII 21 are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the solution pump 12, a stop valve V18 and a stop valve IV 17 are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of a heat supply water return pipeline in the heating heat supply air-conditioning water system, and a stop valve VII 20 and a stop valve VI 19 are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of a water supply pipeline of the sanitary hot water supply system.
The working principle of the medium-low temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle combined cooling, heating and power system A is as follows:
working medium pair solution with high concentration of circulating working medium flows out from an outlet of an absorber 10, is sequentially pumped into a heat regenerator 9 and a rectifier 4 by a solution pump 12 to be preheated and then flows into a waste heat heater 2, waste heat flows are overheated by a superheater 1 and then enter a waste heat inlet of the waste heat heater 2 to heat the working medium pair solution with high concentration of circulating working medium and then are discharged, high-temperature working medium pair concentrated solution enters a flash evaporator 3 from the top of the waste heat heater 2 to be flashed, high-temperature working medium pair concentrated solution in the flash evaporator 3 is flashed to obtain steam and working medium pair dilute solution, the steam enters the rectifier 4 and the superheater 1 and finally enters an expander 5 to be expanded to do work, a steam exhaust outlet of the expander 5 is directly connected to an injection fluid inlet of the injection ejector 8 to be used as injection fluid, when the pressure of a steam exhaust outlet of the expander 5 is low, the steam exhaust temperature is low, cold energy can be provided for cold supply fluid through the cold supply heat exchanger 6, and exhaust steam from the cold supply heat exchanger 6 also enters an ejection fluid inlet of the ejection ejector 8 as ejection fluid after passing through the booster compressor 7; the residual working medium pair dilute solution in the flash evaporator 3 enters the working fluid of the jet ejector 8 as the working fluid, the working fluid and the ejector fluid flow and mix in the mixing chamber M of the jet ejector 8, through the exchange of momentum, heat and mass, the two fluids reach the same flow rate, pressure and temperature at the outlet of the mixing chamber M of the jet ejector 8, then the two fluids are compressed to the absorption pressure through the diffusion section D of the jet ejector 8 and enter the heat regenerator 9 and the absorber 10 in sequence, the working medium pair dilute solution in the absorber 10 is pumped to the spraying device at the upper part of the absorber 10 through the absorption pump 11 and sprayed to the surface of the cooling falling film tube/plate or the horizontal calandria to absorb the circulating working medium gas from bottom to top, the working medium pair solution with higher concentration of the circulating working medium in the absorber 10 flows out from the outlet of the absorber 10 and is pumped into the heat regenerator 9 and the rectifier 4 in sequence through the solution pump 12 for, one cycle is completed.
The working principle of the medium-low temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle combined cooling, heating and power system B is as follows:
working medium pair solution with high concentration of circulating working medium flows out from an outlet of an absorber 10, is pumped into a heat regenerator 9 through a solution pump 12 to be preheated and then flows into a waste heat heater 2, waste heat flows are overheated by a superheater 1 and then enter a waste heat inlet of the waste heat heater 2 to heat the working medium pair solution with high concentration of circulating working medium and then are discharged, high-temperature working medium pair concentrated solution enters a flash evaporator 3 from the top of the waste heat heater 2 to be flashed, high-temperature working medium pair concentrated solution in the flash evaporator 3 is flashed to obtain steam and working medium pair dilute solution, the steam enters the superheater 1 and finally enters an expander 5 to be expanded to do work, a waste steam outlet of the expander 5 is directly connected to an injection fluid inlet of an injection ejector 8 to be used as injection fluid, when the pressure of a waste steam outlet of the expander 5 is low, the steam exhaust temperature is low, cold energy can be provided for cold supply fluid through a cold supply heat exchanger 6, dead steam from the cooling heat exchanger 6 passes through the booster compressor 7 and then enters an injection fluid inlet of the injection ejector 8 to be used as injection fluid; the residual working medium pair dilute solution in the flash evaporator 3 enters the working fluid of the jet ejector 8 as the working fluid, the working fluid and the ejector fluid flow and mix in the mixing chamber M of the jet ejector 8, through the exchange of momentum, heat and mass, the two fluids reach the same flow rate, pressure and temperature at the outlet of the mixing chamber M of the jet ejector 8, then the two fluids are compressed to the absorption pressure through the diffusion section D of the jet ejector 8 and enter the heat regenerator 9 and the absorber 10 in sequence, the working medium pair dilute solution in the absorber 10 is pumped to the spraying device at the upper part of the absorber 10 through the absorption pump 11 and sprayed to the surface of the cooling falling film tube/plate or the horizontal calandria to absorb the circulating working medium gas from bottom to top, the working medium pair solution with higher concentration of the circulating working medium in the absorber 10 flows out from the outlet of the absorber 10 and is pumped into the heat regenerator 9 and the rectifier 4 in sequence through the solution pump 12 for, one cycle is completed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the absorber is adopted to replace the condenser, so that the pressure at the cold end can be greatly reduced, and the power output of the expander is improved.
(2) Because the working medium pair concentrated solution belongs to the unidirectional flow heating process in the waste heat heater, the working medium pair concentrated solution can be well matched with the waste heat flow in heat transfer temperature difference, the mismatching exergy loss of the heat transfer temperature difference of the hot end can be obviously reduced, meanwhile, the liquid flow boiling heat exchange coefficient is higher, and the heat transfer area of the heater can be saved.
(3) The back pressure of the turbine is lower than the outlet pressure (approximate absorption pressure) of the ejector due to the injection effect of the working fluid in the ejector, so that the specific power output and the cycle efficiency of the turbine are further increased, the exhaust temperature after the turbine is fully expanded is lower, the cold energy at lower temperature is convenient to prepare, and the pressure exergy of the working medium which is left in the flash evaporator and is used as the absorbent to dilute solution is fully recycled.
(4) The booster compressor is additionally arranged behind the cooling heat exchanger at the outlet of the expansion machine, the back pressure at the outlet of the expansion machine can be further reduced under the condition of keeping the absorption pressure unchanged, the cold energy at lower temperature is obtained, and the heat absorbed by the cooling heat exchanger from the outside is completely transferred to the absorber for external heat supply (such as water feeding for heating the return water of an air-conditioning heating system or a sanitary hot water supply system), so the system also has the energy-saving advantage of a vapor compression heat pump.
(5) The system can realize combined supply of cooling, heating and power or combined supply of heat and power as required, only a small part of heat is lost to external heat extraction, and the maximum utilization of energy can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram A of a low-temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle combined cooling, heating and power system in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram B of a low-temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle combined cooling, heating and power system in the invention;
fig. 3 is a structural view of the ejector of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-superheater, 2-waste heat heater, 3-flash evaporator, 4-rectifier, 5-expander, 6-cooling heat exchanger, 7-booster compressor, 8-injection ejector, 9-heat regenerator, 10-absorber, 11-absorption pump, 12-solution pump, 13-throttle valve, 14-stop valve I, 15-stop valve II, 16-stop valve III, 17-stop valve IV, 18-stop valve V, 19-stop valve VI, 20-stop valve VII, 21-stop valve VIII, 22-stop valve IX, 23-stop valve X, 24-stop valve XI, N-nozzle, E-injection chamber, M-mixing chamber and D-pressure-expanding section.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the medium-low temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle combined cooling, heating and power system comprises a superheater 1, a waste heat heater 2, a flash evaporator 3, a rectifier 4, an expander 5, a cooling heat exchanger 6, a booster compressor 7, an injection ejector 8, a heat regenerator 9, an absorber 10, an absorption pump 11, a solution pump 12, a throttle valve 13 and a stop valve, wherein an outlet of a working medium pair solution containing a high concentration of a circulating working medium of the absorber 10 is sequentially pumped into the heat regenerator 9 and the rectifier 4 through the solution pump 12 for preheating and then flows into the waste heat heater 2, a waste heat flow passes through the superheater 1 for overheating and then enters into a waste heat inlet of the waste heat heater 2 for heating the working medium pair solution containing a high concentration of the circulating working medium, and a high temperature working medium concentrated solution outlet at the top of the waste heat heater 2 is connected with the flash, the high-temperature working medium in the flash evaporator 3 carries out flash evaporation on the concentrated solution, a top steam outlet after the flash evaporation of the flash evaporator 3 is connected with an inlet of a rectifier 4, a high-purity circulating working medium gas outlet of the rectifier 4 passes through a heater 1 and then is connected with an inlet of an expander 5, a dead steam outlet of the expander 5 is connected to a cold fluid inlet of a cooling heat exchanger 6 through a stop valve I14, a cold fluid outlet of the cooling heat exchanger 6 is connected with an inlet of a booster compressor 7, an outlet of the booster compressor 7 is connected with an injection injector 8 injection fluid inlet through a stop valve III 16, and a dead steam outlet of the expander 5 is connected with the injection injector 8 injection fluid inlet through another pipeline and a stop valve; the working medium pair dilute solution after flash evaporation of the flash evaporator 3 enters a working fluid inlet of the jet ejector 8 from a bottom outlet, a gas-liquid mixture at the outlet of the jet ejector 8 is cooled by a heat regenerator 9 and then is connected to a bottom liquid bag at one side of an absorber 10, the working medium pair dilute solution in the liquid bag is connected to a spraying device at the top of the absorber 10 through an absorption pump 11, and heat generated in the absorption process of the absorber 10 is used for heating heat supply backwater in a heat supply air-conditioning water system or water feeding of a sanitary hot water supply system;
a stop valve XI 24 and a stop valve X23 are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the absorption pump 11, a stop valve IX 22 and a stop valve VIII 21 are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the solution pump 12, a stop valve V18 and a stop valve IV 17 are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of a heat supply water return pipeline in the heating heat supply air-conditioning water system, and a stop valve VII 20 and a stop valve VI 19 are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of a water supply pipeline of the sanitary hot water supply system.
The waste heat heater 2 is a finned tube heat exchanger, the waste heat flue gas inlet temperature of the superheater 1 is 250 ℃, the flue gas flow is 1kg/s, the working medium pair solution adopts a CO 2/acetone binary working medium pair, the mass fraction is 0.6:0.4, and the mass flow is 0.7 kg/s. The absorption pressure in the absorber 10 was 3.5MPa, and the absorption end temperature was 45 ℃. The pressure of the waste heat heater is 9.43MPa, and the outlet is 150 ℃ saturated working medium pair solution. The flash evaporation temperature in the flash evaporator 3 is 140 ℃, and the flash evaporation pressure is 6.55 MPa. After the saturated steam after the flash evaporation is rectified by the rectifier 4, high-purity CO2 gas is improved in work-doing capacity by the heat device 1 and then enters the expansion machine 5 to fully expand and do work, the outlet pressure of the expansion machine is 0.8MPa, the temperature is-2 ℃, the net output power of the system is 13.2kW, meanwhile, the refrigeration power is 0.96kW for air-conditioning chilled water, and meanwhile, the heating power is 191.26kW for a heating air-conditioning water system or a domestic hot water system.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the medium-low temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle combined cooling, heating and power system comprises a superheater 1, a waste heat heater 2, a flash evaporator 3, an expander 5, a cooling heat exchanger 6, a booster compressor 7, an injection ejector 8, a heat regenerator 9, an absorber 10, an absorption pump 11, a solution pump 12, a throttle valve 13 and a stop valve, wherein an outlet of a working medium pair solution containing a high concentration of a circulating working medium of the absorber 10 is pumped into the heat regenerator 9 through the solution pump 12 for preheating and then flows into the waste heat heater 2, a waste heat flow passes through the superheater 1 for overheating and then enters a waste heat inlet of the waste heat heater 2 for heating the working medium pair solution containing a high concentration of the circulating working medium, a high temperature working medium concentrated solution outlet at the top of the waste heat heater 2 is connected with the throttle valve 13, and a high temperature working medium in the flash evaporator 3 carries, a top steam outlet after flash evaporation of the flash evaporator 3 is connected with the superheater 1 and then connected to an inlet of an expansion machine 5, an exhaust steam outlet of the expansion machine 5 is connected to a cold fluid inlet of a cooling heat exchanger 6 through a stop valve I14, a cold fluid outlet of the cooling heat exchanger 6 is connected to an inlet of a booster compressor 7, an outlet of the booster compressor 7 is connected with an injection ejector 8 through a stop valve III 16 to inject fluid, and an exhaust steam outlet of the expansion machine 5 is connected with an injection ejector 8 to inject fluid through another pipeline and a stop valve II 15; the working medium pair dilute solution after flash evaporation of the flash evaporator 3 enters a working fluid inlet of the jet ejector 8 from a bottom outlet, a gas-liquid mixture at the outlet of the jet ejector 8 is cooled by a heat regenerator 9 and then is connected to a bottom liquid bag at one side of an absorber 10, the working medium pair dilute solution in the liquid bag is connected to a spraying device at the top of the absorber 10 through an absorption pump 11, and heat generated in the absorption process of the absorber 10 is used for heating heat supply backwater in a heat supply air-conditioning water system or water feeding of a sanitary hot water supply system;
a stop valve XI 24 and a stop valve X23 are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the absorption pump 11, a stop valve IX 22 and a stop valve VIII 21 are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the solution pump 12, a stop valve V18 and a stop valve IV 17 are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of a heat supply water return pipeline in the heating heat supply air-conditioning water system, and a stop valve VII 20 and a stop valve VI 19 are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of a water supply pipeline of the sanitary hot water supply system.
The working medium pair solution is a binary working medium pair with large boiling point difference and good absorption performance; wherein, the high boiling point working medium is used as an absorbent, and the low boiling point absorbent is used as a circulating working medium; the working medium solution is NH3/LiNO 3; the waste heat heater 2 is a finned tube heat exchanger; the absorber 10 employs a plate heat exchanger.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A middle and low temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle combined cooling heating and power system is characterized in that: comprises a superheater (1), a waste heat heater (2), a flash evaporator (3), a rectifier (4), an expander (5), a cooling heat exchanger (6), a booster compressor (7), an injection ejector (8), a heat regenerator (9), an absorber (10), an absorption pump (11), a solution pump (12), a throttle valve (13) and a stop valve, wherein a working medium pair solution outlet with higher concentration of a circulating working medium of the absorber (10) is sequentially pumped into the heat regenerator (9) and the rectifier (4) through the solution pump (12) for preheating and then flows into the waste heat heater (2), the waste heat flows into a waste heat inlet of the waste heat heater (2) through the superheater (1) for heating the working medium pair solution with higher concentration of the circulating working medium, a high-temperature working medium at the top of the waste heat heater (2) passes through the throttle valve (13) to connect the flash evaporator (3), the high-temperature working medium in the flash evaporator (3) carries out flash evaporation on the concentrated solution, a top steam outlet after flash evaporation of the flash evaporator (3) is connected with an inlet of a rectifier (4), a high-purity circulating working medium gas outlet of the rectifier (4) is connected with an inlet of an expander (5) after passing through a heat device (1), an exhaust steam outlet of the expander (5) is connected to a cold fluid inlet of a cooling heat exchanger (6) through a stop valve I (14), a cold fluid outlet of the cooling heat exchanger (6) is connected with an inlet of a booster compressor (7), an outlet of the booster compressor (7) is connected with an injection fluid inlet of an injection injector (8) through a stop valve III (16), and an exhaust steam outlet of the expander (5) is connected with the injection fluid inlet of the injection injector (8) through another pipeline and a stop valve II (15); the working medium pair dilute solution after flash evaporation of the flash evaporator (3) enters a working fluid inlet of the injection ejector (8) from a bottom outlet, a gas-liquid mixture at the outlet of the injection ejector (8) is cooled by a heat regenerator (9) and then is connected to a bottom liquid bag at one side of the absorber (10), the working medium pair dilute solution in the liquid bag is connected to a spraying device at the top of the absorber (10) through an absorption pump (11), and heat generated in the absorption process of the absorber (10) is used for heating heat supply backwater in a heat supply air-conditioning water system or water feeding of a sanitary hot water supply system;
the inlet of the absorption pump (11) is provided with a stop valve X (23), the outlet of the absorption pump is provided with a stop valve XI (24), the inlet of the solution pump (12) is provided with a stop valve IX (22), and the outlet of the solution pump is provided with a stop valve VIII (21); a stop valve V (18) is arranged at the inlet of a heat supply water return pipeline in the heating heat supply air-conditioning water system, and a stop valve IV (17) is arranged at the outlet of the heat supply water return pipeline; the inlet of the water supply pipeline of the sanitary hot water supply system is provided with a stop valve VII (20), and the outlet is provided with a stop valve VI (19).
2. The combined cooling, heating and power system with medium-low temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the working medium pair solution is a binary working medium pair with large boiling point difference and good absorption performance; wherein the high boiling point working medium is used as an absorbent, and the low boiling point absorbent is used as a circulating working medium.
3. The combined cooling, heating and power system with medium-low temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the working medium pair solution is CO 2/acetone, NH3/H2O, NH3/LiNO3, NH3/NaSCN, propane/n-hexane or H2O/LiBr.
4. The combined cooling, heating and power system with medium-low temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the waste heat heater (2) is a finned tube heat exchanger or a plate heat exchanger.
5. The combined cooling, heating and power system with medium-low temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the absorber (10) adopts a falling film pipe/plate type or a horizontal calandria type.
6. The combined cooling, heating and power system with medium-low temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the jet ejector (8) comprises a nozzle N, an injection chamber E, a mixing chamber M and a diffusion section D, wherein the nozzle N is inserted into the injection chamber E, and the injection chamber E is sequentially communicated and connected with the mixing chamber M and the diffusion section D.
7. A middle and low temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle combined cooling heating and power system is characterized in that: the system comprises a superheater (1), a waste heat heater (2), a flash evaporator (3), an expander (5), a cooling heat exchanger (6), a booster compressor (7), an injection ejector (8), a heat regenerator (9), an absorber (10), an absorption pump (11), a solution pump (12), a throttle valve (13) and a stop valve, wherein a working medium pair solution outlet containing high concentration of a circulating working medium of the absorber (10) is pumped into the heat regenerator (9) through the solution pump (12) for preheating and then flows into the waste heat heater (2), a waste heat flow passes through the superheater (1) and then enters a waste heat inlet of the waste heat heater (2) to heat the working medium pair solution containing high concentration of the circulating working medium, a high-temperature working medium pair concentrated solution outlet at the top of the waste heat heater (2) is connected with the flash evaporator (3) through the throttle valve (13), and high-temperature working medium in the flash evaporator (3) carries out flash evaporation on, a top steam outlet after flash evaporation of the flash evaporator (3) is connected with the superheater (1) and then connected to an inlet of an expansion machine (5), a dead steam outlet of the expansion machine (5) is connected to a cold fluid inlet of a cooling heat exchanger (6) through a stop valve I (14), a cold fluid outlet of the cooling heat exchanger (6) is connected with an inlet of a booster compressor (7), an outlet of the booster compressor (7) is connected with an injection fluid inlet of an injection ejector (8) through a stop valve III (16), and a dead steam outlet of the expansion machine (5) is connected with the injection fluid inlet of the injection ejector (8) through another pipeline and a stop valve II (15); the working medium pair dilute solution after flash evaporation of the flash evaporator (3) enters a working fluid inlet of the injection ejector (8) from a bottom outlet, a gas-liquid mixture at the outlet of the injection ejector (8) is cooled by a heat regenerator (9) and then is connected to a bottom liquid bag at one side of the absorber (10), the working medium pair dilute solution in the liquid bag is connected to a spraying device at the top of the absorber (10) through an absorption pump (11), and heat generated in the absorption process of the absorber (10) is used for heating heat supply backwater in a heat supply air-conditioning water system or water feeding of a sanitary hot water supply system; a stop valve X (23) is arranged at the inlet of the absorption pump (11), and a stop valve XI (24) is arranged at the outlet of the absorption pump; the inlet of the solution pump (12) is provided with a stop valve IX (22), and the outlet is provided with a stop valve VIII (21); a stop valve V (18) is arranged at the inlet of a heat supply water return pipeline in the heating heat supply air-conditioning water system, and a stop valve IV (17) is arranged at the outlet of the heat supply water return pipeline; the inlet of the water supply pipeline of the sanitary hot water supply system is provided with a stop valve VII (20), and the outlet is provided with a stop valve VI (19).
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| CN111912135B (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-10-15 | 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(湛江) | Two-stage injection combined cooling and power supply mixing and circulating system |
| CN111927589B (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2022-07-12 | 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(湛江) | Rankine cycle system and method based on pump-free injection supercharging technology |
| CN112160808B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-12-21 | 昆明理工大学 | Waste heat recovery power-cooling combined supply system of ship gas turbine |
| CN112648107B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2023-04-07 | 昆明理工大学 | Internal combustion engine waste heat recovery system based on non-azeotropic mixed working medium power-cooling combined supply combined cycle |
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