CN101949368B - Medium-low temperature geothermal power generation unit with absorbing temperature-increasing system - Google Patents
Medium-low temperature geothermal power generation unit with absorbing temperature-increasing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101949368B CN101949368B CN2010102611393A CN201010261139A CN101949368B CN 101949368 B CN101949368 B CN 101949368B CN 2010102611393 A CN2010102611393 A CN 2010102611393A CN 201010261139 A CN201010261139 A CN 201010261139A CN 101949368 B CN101949368 B CN 101949368B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a medium-low temperature geothermal power generation unit coupled with a Kallina cycle. The medium-low temperature geothermal power generation unit is structurally characterized in that a high-temperature heat regenerator, a generator, a separator, a turbine low-temperature heat regenerator and a condenser are in parallel connection with a first throttling valve between the high-temperature heat regenerator and the low-temperature heat regenerator to form a Kalina geothermal power generation system, wherein the high-temperature heat regenerator, the generator, the separator, the turbine low-temperature heat regenerator and the condenser are sequentially connected in series. A second condenser, a solvent pump, an evaporator, a throttling valve and an absorber are sequentially connected in series to form an absorbing temperature-increasing system. The throttling valves are connected to the separator, the absorber is connected with the high-temperature heat regenerator to ensure that the absorbing temperature-increasing system and the absorbent geothermal power generation are combined into the medium-low temperature geothermal power generation unit. The medium-low temperature geothermal power generation unit can generate absorbing temperature of about 100 DEG C, and reduces the exhaust temperature of geothermal wastewater to about 60 DEG C so as to achieve the purpose of improving the power generation efficiency of the unit by using low-level geothermal energy. According to the invention, working medium types and state parameters are coincident to the Kalina system without massively adjusting various items of parameters of the traditional system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the geothermal resources utilization, be specifically related to a kind of and Ka Linna (Kalina) circulation coupling in heat generating device cryogenically.
Background technique
Geothermal power generation belongs to utilization of new energy resources.In utilizing at present cryogenically heat energy generate electricity and mainly be based on Rankine cycle, like organic Rankine cycle (ORC), water vapour dilatation circulation etc.The Kalina circulation is to adopt NH
3-H
2O solution is working medium, and the concentration through fractionation change working medium absorbs the technology that geothermal power is generated electricity, and its cycle efficiency improves 20%-40% than the ORC circulation.The Kalina circulation is used for the low temperature geothermal power generation, and the geothermal water source temperature requires between 200-120 ℃, and the geothermal water temperature of generating back discharging then is higher than 80 ℃, and promptly exhaust temperature can not further reduce, and its contained heat energy can not be utilized.Be lower than in the terrestrial heat water discharge temperature under 80 ℃ the condition and adopt the Kalina circulation, the problem of being brought is: the corresponding ammonia spirit evaporating pressure of lower terrestrial heat water discharge temperature is also lower, and the steam turbine inlet pressure causes circulating generation efficient to reduce along with reduction; When additionally the hot water temperature was low, the heat transfer temperature difference of heat transmission equipment reduced in the system, improved heat exchange area and will cause system's investment to increase, and caused the Economy of power generation system to reduce.So how to utilize the geothermal water energy of lower temperature, become the focus and the focus of new energy field.Based on this, proposed by the invention in heat generating device cryogenically, can effectively improve above-mentioned defective, the efficient of geothermal power generation is improved, system economy is better.
Summary of the invention
Be used for the cryogenically deficiency of thermal electric generator group in order to remedy the Kalina circulation; The objective of the invention is; Make the potential temperature that utilizes that improves geothermal water through adopt absorbing the method that heats, and provide that a kind of and Kalina circulation be coupled in heat generating device cryogenically.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the principle of the invention and constructional device are described.Principle of the present invention is to use for reference the Cyclical Theory of second class absorption heat pump; The ammonia steam of part steam turbine outlet low pressure is introduced absorption heat system, after the condensation supercharging, in vaporizer, absorb the heat of discharging geothermal water; And in adsorber with higher absorption temperature to the heat release of power generation system working medium; Realize in the discharging geothermal water geothermal power to the transfer of generating working medium energy, and finally in steam turbine, do work, produce electric energy by generating working medium.For the present invention, increase by a cover absorption based on Kalina geothermal power generation circulation and heat system, utilize the geothermal power of lower temperature and Kalina circulation to be coupled, improve the heat-economy of geothermal power generation thus.On apparatus structure shown in accompanying drawing 1.High temperature regenerator, generator, separator, steam turbine, low temperature regenerator, first condenser and solution compression pump are connected in series successively, the first throttle valve is connected between the high and low temperature regenerator, constitute the Kalina system for geothermal production of electricity.Be connected in series successively by second condenser, solvent pump, vaporizer, second throttle valve and adsorber and constitute the system's (frame of broken lines among Fig. 1) that heats that absorbs; The connection of two systems be through: second throttle valve is connected to separator, adsorber is serially connected with between generator and the high temperature regenerator and the exhaust steam pipe of steam turbine inserts the solvent side of second condenser, make absorb the system that heats and adsorption geothermal power generation system in combination become have absorption heat system in thermal electric generator group cryogenically.
Pure matter (working medium) is under different pressures, and the temperature of its condensation/vaporization is different, and the pressure of using working medium (ammonia) is high more, and the condensation/vaporization temperature is also high more.Ammonia solution is exothermic reaction when absorbing the ammonia steam in addition, and the absorption temperature that generation is higher than ammonia evaporating temperature is when absorbing the ammonia steam like dilute ammonia solution, with sending a large amount of heat.Fig. 2 is for absorbing the diagrammatic sectional view of the system that heats among the present invention; Omitted the outside connecting tube of system; The connecting tube that comprises each heat exchanger pipe bundle; Two connecting tubes between second condenser and vaporizer, and a connecting tube between adsorber bottom and high temperature regenerator, the systemic circulation process is:
The low-temp low-pressure ammonia steam that (1) exports from steam turbine (pressure 10bar) entering second condenser; Mobile cryogenic condensation water in the pipe, pipe is outer to be the ammonia steam, the ammonia steam is condensed into the ammoniacal liquor of low-temp low-pressure; Collect in condenser; The connecting tube outside through a system is forced into high pressure (evaporating pressure) by the solvent pump extraction, and ammoniacal liquor becomes the liquid of high pressure low temperature, enters into vaporizer.
(2) ammoniacal liquor sprays the vaporizer heat exchanger pipe bundle outside, carries out heat exchange with the discharging geothermal water of heat exchanging tube flows inside, and under the condition of given evaporating pressure, the ammoniacal liquor evaporation forms the ammonia steam of HTHP; Still unevaporated ammoniacal liquor is pooled to vaporizer below, under differential pressure action, is back to condenser through the outside connecting tube of another system, is extracted again to vaporizer by solvent pump and fully evaporates, and realizes the abundant evaporation of ammoniacal liquor.
(3) baffle plate between ammonia vapor evaporator and adsorber; Absorbed by spray liquor ammoniae dilutus (from separator) on heat exchanging tube; Generation absorption reaction heat; Make to absorb the liquor ammoniae fortis temperature rising that forms behind the ammonia steam, reach higher absorption temperature (about 100 ℃), to ammonia spirit (in the pipe) heating that is used for system's generating.Liquor ammoniae fortis after the heat release (pipe is outer) gets into high temperature regenerator, low temperature regenerator, absorbs remaining ammonia steam, reclaims heat.Get into warp first condenser and solution compression pump, low temperature regenerator, high temperature regenerator, adsorber, generator then, realize the circulation of ammonia spirit working medium.Realized discharging geothermal water and generating working medium (ammonia spirit) exchange heat through above-mentioned circulation, absorbed more geothermal power and be used for generating.
Characteristics that the present invention has and beneficial effect:Adding heats system in Kalina geothermal power generation machine system, can produce the absorption temperature about 100 ℃, simultaneously the exhaust temperature of ground thermal wastewater is reduced to about 60 ℃, reaches the purpose of utilizing low-grade geothermal power (80 ℃) to improve unit generation efficient.The present invention need not adjust each item design parameter of original system equipment on a large scale, and working medium kind and status parameter also all match with the Kalina system.Apparatus of the present invention compact structure, connecting tube is few, is convenient to install and guarantee the seal requirement.Because system self power consumption is low, desolventize outside a small amount of power consumption of pump, flowing of all the other fluids can rely on the density difference of ammonia steam between system's residual pressure and heat exchanger.The Economy of manifold type Kalina system for geothermal production of electricity can improve 10%.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is system principle structural representation sketch of the present invention.Heat system for the absorption of generator set in the frame of broken lines among the figure.
Accompanying drawing 2 is for absorbing the theory structure sketch of the system that heats.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and through embodiment the principle of the invention and constructional device are done further explanation.Have absorb warming device in cryogenically the thermal electric generator group have: generator, separator, steam turbine, regenerator, condenser, throttle valve, solvent pump and adsorber etc.Wherein by high temperature regenerator 1, generator 2, separator 3, steam turbine 4 low temperature regenerators 5, the first condenser 6-1 and solution compression pump 7 is connected in series successively, first throttle valve 8-1 is connected between the high and low temperature regenerator, constitute the Kalina system for geothermal production of electricity.Be connected in series successively by the second condenser 6-2, solvent pump 9, vaporizer 10, the second throttle valve 8-2 and adsorber 11 and constitute the system that heats that absorbs; Through the second throttle valve 8-2 be connected to separator 3, adsorber 11 is serially connected with between generator 2 and the high temperature regenerator 1 and the exhaust steam pipe of steam turbine 4 inserts the solvent side of the second condenser 6-2, make absorb the system that heats and adsorption geothermal power generation system in combination become have the absorption warming device in thermal electric generator group (like Fig. 1) cryogenically.Has relevance owing to absorb mobile variation of each the equipment room working medium solution that heats in the system with status parameter; So in the second condenser 6-2, vaporizer 10 and the same cylindrical shell of adsorber 11 integrated assemblings; Baffle plate 13 (as shown in Figure 2) is set between vaporizer 10 and adsorber 11, prevents that liquid is splashed into each other between container.Purpose is to reduce pipeline as far as possible and connects, and so both can guarantee system's seal requirement, can save installation space again, as omit connecting tube between vaporizer 10 and the adsorber 11, and the connecting tube length outside in system also shortens greatly.Simultaneously wherein require in vaporizer, to be provided with pressure instrument, the evaporating pressure in monitoring equipment startup, the running.Solvent pump 8 is the shielding suction booster, and variable frequency adjustment, is used to regulate working medium flow and adjustment evaporator pressure.Water pump 12 is that the first condenser 6-1 supplies water from the condensation pond.It is 80 ℃ that the present embodiment entering absorbs the geothermal water temperature that heats system's (vaporizer), and Temperature at discharging condensate is 60 ℃.
Second condenser is the horizontal falling film type heat exchanger of steel pipe; Tube fluid is a circulating condensing water, and extratubal fluid is the ammonia steam, and effect is to be liquid with the ammonia vapour condensation.Solvent pump is the shielding suction booster, and the fluid of the isolated pump both sides of shielding to the ammoniacal liquor pressurization, improves the pressure in the vaporizer.The evaporator tube inner fluid is a geothermal water, and extratubal fluid is an ammoniacal liquor, and vaporizer absorbs geothermal power the high pressure ammoniacal liquor is evaporated.Throttle valve is reduced to the pressure in the vaporizer with the high pressure dilute ammonia solution pressure of separator outlet.In the absorber tube is concentrated ammonia solution, manages outer dilute ammonia solution, manages the ammonia steam that outer dilute ammonia solution absorbs from evaporator drier to produce, and concentrated ammonia solution transmits heat in pipe.Consider that ammonia has toxicity and explosivity, above-mentioned all devices all need have better seal property.
Claims (3)
1. have absorb the system that heats in thermal electric generator group cryogenically; Have generator, separator, steam turbine, regenerator, condenser, throttle valve, solvent pump and adsorber, wherein be connected in series successively by high temperature regenerator (1), generator (2), separator (3), steam turbine (4) low temperature regenerator (5), first condenser (6-1) and solution compression pump (7); First throttle valve (8-1) is connected between the high and low temperature regenerator; Constitute the Kalina system for geothermal production of electricity; It is characterized in that being connected in series formation successively by second condenser (6-2), solvent pump (9), vaporizer (10), second throttle valve (8-2) and adsorber (11) absorbs the system that heats; Through second throttle valve (8-2) be connected to separator (3), adsorber (11) is serially connected with between generator (2) and the high temperature regenerator (1) and the exhaust steam pipe of steam turbine (4) inserts the solvent side of second condenser (6-2), make absorb the system that heats and adsorption geothermal power generation system in combination become have absorption heat system in thermal electric generator group cryogenically.
According to claim 1 described have absorb the system that heats in thermal electric generator group cryogenically, it is characterized in that in said second condenser (6-2), vaporizer (10) and the same cylindrical shell of the integrated assembling of adsorber (11).
According to claim 1 or 2 described have absorb the system that heats in thermal electric generator group cryogenically, it is characterized in that with said solvent pump (9) be the shielding suction booster, and variable frequency adjustment.
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| CN2010102611393A CN101949368B (en) | 2010-08-24 | 2010-08-24 | Medium-low temperature geothermal power generation unit with absorbing temperature-increasing system |
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| CN2010102611393A CN101949368B (en) | 2010-08-24 | 2010-08-24 | Medium-low temperature geothermal power generation unit with absorbing temperature-increasing system |
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| CN101949368B true CN101949368B (en) | 2012-04-25 |
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| CN102734094B (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2013-11-20 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Thermal power generation system combined by water saving type solar combustion gas turbine and kalina cycle |
| CN102226447B (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2013-06-05 | 天津市东丽湖地热开发有限公司 | Medium-low temperature terrestrial heat power generating set system device |
| CN104074691B (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2017-06-06 | 天津理工大学 | The geothermal energy coupled electricity-generation circulatory system and its method of work of a kind of low emission temperature |
| CN107642383B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2023-04-25 | 天津大学 | Medium-low temperature waste heat utilization system coupling kalina cycle and Rankine cycle |
| CN107906783B (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-12-11 | 清华大学 | A kind of energy-storing refrigerating system and its control method |
| CN110185511B (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2021-07-09 | 昆明理工大学 | Medium-low temperature waste heat driven flash evaporation-injection-absorption combined cycle combined cooling, heating and power system |
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| JP2002168101A (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2002-06-14 | Toshiba Corp | Composite energy system |
| US7313926B2 (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2008-01-01 | Rexorce Thermionics, Inc. | High efficiency absorption heat pump and methods of use |
| JP4296200B2 (en) * | 2007-01-29 | 2009-07-15 | 大多喜ガス株式会社 | Hot water system |
| CN100424447C (en) * | 2007-03-23 | 2008-10-08 | 东南大学 | Water heating device of ground source heat pump |
| JP4972752B2 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2012-07-11 | 一般財団法人電力中央研究所 | Geothermal power generation method and system |
| CN201794730U (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2011-04-13 | 天津大学 | Middle-and-low temperature geothermal energy generating set with absorption and heating system |
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