CN111165663A - Rumen-bypass arginine and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Rumen-bypass arginine and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111165663A CN111165663A CN202010028077.5A CN202010028077A CN111165663A CN 111165663 A CN111165663 A CN 111165663A CN 202010028077 A CN202010028077 A CN 202010028077A CN 111165663 A CN111165663 A CN 111165663A
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- Prior art keywords
- arginine
- coating
- bypass
- weight ratio
- rumen
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Links
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 210000004767 rumen Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 229940075507 glyceryl monostearate Drugs 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000001788 mono and diglycerides of fatty acids Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000008118 PEG 6000 Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002584 Polyethylene Glycol 6000 Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical group [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000019700 dicalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940093429 polyethylene glycol 6000 Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007962 solid dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001030 Polyethylene Glycol 4000 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940057838 polyethylene glycol 4000 Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000282817 Bovidae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000282994 Cervidae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000282849 Ruminantia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001416177 Vicugna pacos Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 8
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000009697 arginine Nutrition 0.000 abstract 7
- 150000001484 arginines Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 53
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P L-argininium(2+) Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])NCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C(O)=O ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009984 peri-natal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000813 small intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010016717 Fistula Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010051696 Growth Hormone Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004877 Insulin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090001061 Insulin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100024819 Prolactin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010057464 Prolactin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100038803 Somatotropin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 125000000637 arginyl group Chemical group N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003890 fistula Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000122 growth hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006651 lactation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940097325 prolactin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to rumen-bypass arginine and a preparation method and application thereof. The rumen bypass arginine mainly comprises arginine, polyethylene glycol, a binder and an excipient. Rumen bypass arginines of some embodiments include: a pellet core comprising arginine and polyethylene glycol; a first coating covering the pellet core; wherein the coating comprises a binder and an excipient. The embodiment of the invention provides novel rumen-bypass arginine, which has low degradation rate in rumen. The rumen-bypass arginine can improve the milk yield and the production performance of the dairy cows and greatly increase the income of a pasture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to rumen-bypass amino acid, in particular to novel rumen-bypass arginine and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In recent years studies have found that arginine has been considered as the next limiting amino acid after lysine and methionine for perinatal cows. The addition of arginine into daily ration of cow in perinatal period can obviously increase prolactin, growth hormone and insulin, increase milk yield in lactation period, and obviously improve milk yield and production performance of cow. Therefore, the application of arginine to cows is receiving more attention.
Due to the microbial action of the rumen, arginine added directly to the daily ration will be degraded in the rumen and will not reach the small intestine. Thus, not only the effect of adding arginine is not achieved, but also arginine is wasted. The rumen-bypass arginine is not degraded in rumen and directly reaches small intestine to be absorbed and utilized. The arginine subjected to protection treatment is added into daily ration of the dairy cow, so that the utilization rate of protein can be improved, protein feed is saved, the production cost is reduced, and the milk yield of the dairy cow is improved; further improving the economic benefit of the production of the dairy cows, reducing the emission of nitrogen in the excrement and urine and playing an important role in reducing the environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides novel rumen-bypass arginine, which has low degradation rate in rumen. The rumen-bypass arginine can improve the milk yield and the production performance of the dairy cows and greatly increase the income of a pasture.
The rumen bypass arginine provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises arginine, polyethylene glycol (PEG), a binder and an excipient as main raw materials.
In some embodiments, the rumen bypass arginine provided by the invention comprises: a pellet core comprising arginine and polyethylene glycol; a first coating covering the pellet core; wherein the coating comprises a binder and an excipient.
In some embodiments, rumen bypass arginine is provided, comprising:
a pellet core comprising arginine and polyethylene glycol;
a first coating covering the pellet core; wherein the first coating consists of a first binder and an excipient; the first adhesive is selected from one or more of glyceryl monostearate, stearic acid, solid paraffin and sodium alginate; the excipient is one or two of calcium hydrophosphate and calcium phosphate.
According to the invention, arginine and polyethylene glycol are prepared into the pill core, and the first coating is coated on the pill core, so that the degradation rate of arginine in rumen is obviously reduced.
In some embodiments of the invention, the polyethylene glycol is selected from polyethylene glycol 6000(PEG6000) or polyethylene glycol 4000(PEG4000), preferably polyethylene glycol 6000(PEG 6000).
In some embodiments of the invention, the weight ratio of arginine to polyethylene glycol in the pellet core is (0.5-1.5): (0.2-0.8), preferably 1: 0.4.
In some embodiments of the invention, the pellet core is comprised of arginine and polyethylene glycol.
The research of the invention finds that the polyethylene glycol can be mixed with the arginine, and the mixture has good solubility, thereby being beneficial to the subsequent process operation.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first coating completely covers the pellet core, thereby being capable of better reducing the degradation rate of rumen bypass arginine.
In some embodiments of the invention, the thickness of the first coating layer is 200-300 μm, for example 220-250 μm, which ensures complete coverage of the pellet core.
It is found that if the amount of the first coating is too much, although the rumen bypass effect of arginine, namely the degradation rate, is improved, the content of the pellet core is reduced; if the amount of the first coating is too small, the pellet core (mainly arginine) may not be effectively protected.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the weight ratio of the pellet core to the first coating layer is (40-50): (50-60), preferably 40:60, 45:55 or 50: 50. This may better reduce the degradation rate of rumen bypass arginine.
In some embodiments of the invention, the weight ratio of the first binder to the excipient is (37-43): 18-22, preferably 40: 20.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first binder is a mixture of glyceryl monostearate (or stearic acid), paraffin wax and sodium alginate. For example, the weight ratio of glyceryl monostearate (or stearic acid), solid paraffin and sodium alginate is (14-16): (9-11), preferably 15:15: 10.
In some embodiments of the invention, the excipients are calcium hydrogen phosphate and calcium phosphate. For example, the weight ratio of calcium hydrogen phosphate to calcium phosphate is (9-11) to (9-11), preferably 10: 10.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first coating is composed of glyceryl monostearate (or stearic acid), paraffin wax, sodium alginate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, and calcium phosphate in a weight ratio of (14-16) to (9-11), preferably 15:15:10:10: 10. This may better reduce the degradation rate of rumen bypass arginine.
In some embodiments of the invention, the weight percentage of the pellet core in the rumen bypass arginine is 40-50%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the weight percentage of the pellet core in the rumen bypass arginine is 40-45%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the rumen bypass arginine is in particulate form.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the pellet core and the first coating layer covering the pellet core are sometimes referred to as pellets.
Experiments show that the rumen bypass arginine has low degradation rate in rumen and can basically meet the production requirement.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the rumen bypass arginine, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing arginine and polyethylene glycol to obtain solid dispersion as pill core;
2) coating a first coating layer on the pellet core.
In the above preparation method, the pellet core and the above first coating layer are the same as above.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method of preparing the pellet core specifically comprises: pulverizing arginine (for example, sieving with 100-200 mesh sieve, preferably 120 mesh sieve), mixing with polyethylene glycol, heating to melt (about 60-70 deg.C), and cooling to obtain solid dispersion as pill core.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the method of applying a first coating layer on said pellet core specifically comprises: rounding the pellet core, adhesive and excipient by melting high-speed stirring method to coat the first coating on the pellet core, and making into pellet. More specific methods include: preheating a melting high-speed stirring granulator, granulating the pellet core, the first adhesive and the excipient in a ratio in the melting stirring granulator, starting a stirring paddle, setting the initial rotating speed to be 100-200r/min (for example, 150r/min), setting the initial temperature of a water bath to be 50-60 ℃ (for example, 55 ℃), adjusting the stirring rotating speed to be 450-550r/min (for example, 500r/min) after the first adhesive starts to melt, and increasing the stirring rotating speed by 1 ℃ every 5-8 minutes until the temperature is kept constant at 62 ℃. Stopping heating when small particles appear in the pot, and continuously stirring until the mixture is completely molded.
In some embodiments of the invention, the rumen bypass arginine is in granular form.
Further research shows that the second coating is coated on the first coating, so that the degradation rate of arginine in rumen can be further reduced, and the production requirement can be better met. Thus, in some embodiments of the invention, the ruminal bypass arginine further comprises a second coating overlying the first coating; wherein, the material of the second coating can be one or more selected from glyceryl monostearate, stearic acid, solid paraffin and sodium alginate, and is preferably solid paraffin and/or glyceryl monostearate.
In some embodiments of the invention, the second coating completely covers the first coating, thereby enabling a better reduction in the degradation rate of rumen bypass arginine.
Further studies have found that the degradation rate of arginine in the rumen is further reduced by applying a second coating, but the amount of arginine in the pellet core is reduced throughout the rumen bypass, thereby reducing the effective amount of arginine. The inventors have surprisingly found that by adjusting the amount of binder in the first coating, i.e. wherein part of the binder is used as a second coating, the degradation rate of arginine in the rumen can be further reduced without increasing the amount of binder as a whole. Therefore, the effective content of arginine is not reduced, the rumen bypass effect is ensured, and the degradation rate of arginine in rumen is obviously reduced.
Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided another rumen bypass arginine, comprising:
a pellet core comprising arginine and polyethylene glycol;
a first coating covering the pellet core; wherein the first coating consists of a first binder and an excipient; the first adhesive is glyceryl monostearate or stearic acid, solid paraffin and sodium alginate; the excipient is calcium hydrogen phosphate and calcium phosphate;
a second coating overlying the first coating; wherein the second coating consists of a second binder; the second adhesive is selected from one or more of glyceryl monostearate, stearic acid, solid paraffin and sodium alginate, and is preferably solid paraffin and/or glyceryl monostearate.
In some embodiments of the invention, the polyethylene glycol is the same as above; the pellet core is the same as above.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ratio of the weight of the pellet core to the sum of the weights of the first and second coatings is (40-50): (50-60), preferably 40:60, 45:55 or 50: 50.
In some embodiments of the invention, the weight ratio of the sum of the weight of the first binder and the second binder to the weight of the excipient is (37-43) to (18-22), preferably 40: 20.
In some embodiments of the invention, the weight ratio of the first coating to the second coating is (40-50): 5-25, preferably 45: 15.
In some embodiments of the invention, the weight ratio of the first binder to the excipient is (19-31): 18-22), preferably 25: 20.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first binder is composed of glyceryl monostearate (or stearic acid), solid paraffin, and sodium alginate in a weight ratio of (5-10) to (9-11), such as glyceryl monostearate (or stearic acid), solid paraffin, and sodium alginate in a weight ratio of 5:10:10 or 10:5: 10.
In some embodiments of the invention, the excipient consists of calcium hydrogen phosphate and calcium phosphate in a weight ratio of (9-11) to (9-11), with a preferred weight ratio of 10: 10.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ruminal bypass arginine comprises, in weight percent: the content of the pill core is 35-45%, preferably 40%; the content of the first coating is 40-50%, preferably 45%; the content of the second coating layer is 5 to 25%, preferably 15%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ruminal bypass arginine comprises, in weight percent:
the content of the pill core is 35-45%, preferably 40-45%;
the content of the first coating is 40-50%, preferably 45%; wherein the weight ratio of the first binder to the excipient in the first coating is (19-31): (18-22), preferably 25: 20; the first adhesive consists of glyceryl monostearate (or stearic acid), solid paraffin and sodium alginate in a weight ratio of (5-10) to (9-11), preferably in a weight ratio of 5:10:10 or 10:5: 10; the excipient consists of calcium hydrogen phosphate and calcium phosphate according to the weight ratio of (9-11) to (9-11), and the preferred weight ratio is 10: 10;
the content of the second coating layer is 5 to 25%, preferably 15%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method of applying the second coating is substantially the same as the method of applying the first coating.
The invention also comprises rumen-bypass arginine prepared by the method.
Experiments have shown that in some embodiments of the present invention, the degradation rate of rumen bypass arginine containing the second coating is only 16.44% in the rumen for 24 h.
The invention also comprises the application of the rumen-bypass arginine in preparing animal feed. Among these, the animals include ruminants such as cattle, sheep, deer, alpaca, antelope, and the like. The feed is preferably a cattle (cow) feed.
The coating process adopted by the embodiment of the invention is reasonable, the coating is uniform and complete, and the rumen bypass effect is ideal; the prepared rumen-bypass arginine has ideal physical form, small and uniform particles and good fluidity, and is easy to be directly used in production. The use of pastures proves that the rumen-bypass arginine is added into daily ration of dairy cows, so that the milk yield of the dairy cows can be improved, the daily ration of protein is saved, and considerable economic benefit is obtained.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The examples do not show the specific techniques or conditions, according to the technical or conditions described in the literature in the field, or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products available from regular distributors, not indicated by the manufacturer.
Example 1
Rumen bypass arginine, which consists of: a pellet core consisting of arginine and PEG 6000; the weight ratio of arginine to PEG6000 is 1: 0.4; a first coating covering the pellet core; wherein the first coating consists of glyceryl monostearate, solid paraffin, sodium alginate, calcium hydrophosphate and calcium phosphate according to the weight ratio of 15:15:10:10: 10; the weight ratio of the pellet core to the first coating is 40: 60.
In the rumen bypass arginine described in this example, the weight percentages are: the content of the pill core is 40 percent, and the content of the first coating layer is 60 percent.
The present invention also provides a method for preparing rumen-bypass arginine, comprising:
putting arginine into a pulverizer, sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, mixing the obtained product with PEG6000 at a ratio of 1:0.4, heating to 70 deg.C for melting, and cooling to obtain solid dispersion as pill core.
And respectively sieving the glyceryl monostearate, the solid paraffin and the sodium alginate by a 50-mesh sieve, and taking 50-mesh fine powder for later use.
Pulverizing the above solid dispersion to obtain pellet core, mixing with adhesive such as glyceryl monostearate, solid paraffin, sodium alginate, excipient such as calcium hydrogen phosphate and calcium phosphate, and stirring at high speed to obtain round pellet. Specifically, preheating a melting high-speed stirring granulator, granulating the pellet core and fine powder of glyceryl monostearate, solid paraffin, calcium hydrophosphate and calcium phosphate in the melting stirring granulator according to a ratio of 40:15:15:10:10, starting a stirring paddle, setting the initial rotating speed to be 150r/min, adjusting the stirring rotating speed to be 500r/min after the glyceryl monostearate and the solid paraffin are melted, increasing the stirring rotating speed to be 1 ℃ every 5 minutes, and keeping the constant temperature until the temperature is 62 ℃. Stopping heating when small particles appear in the pot, and continuously stirring until the mixture is completely molded.
The rumen bypass arginine prepared in this example was in granular form.
Example 2
A rumen bypass arginine which differs from example 1 only in that: the glyceryl monostearate was replaced with an equal amount of stearic acid. The preparation method is as in example 1.
Example 3
A rumen bypass arginine which differs from example 1 only in that: PEG6000 was replaced with an equal amount of PEG 4000.
Example 4
Rumen bypass arginine, which consists of: the pill core consists of arginine and PEG6000, wherein the weight ratio of the arginine to the PEG6000 is 1: 0.4; a first coating covering the pellet core; wherein the first coating is composed of glyceryl monostearate, solid paraffin, sodium alginate, calcium hydrophosphate and calcium phosphate according to the weight ratio of 5:10:10:10: 10; a second coating overlying the first coating; wherein the second coating is a paraffin wax; the weight ratio of the pill core, the first coating and the second coating is 40:45: 15.
In the rumen bypass arginine described in this example, the weight percentages are: the content of the pill core is 40%, the content of the first coating layer is 45%, and the content of the second coating layer is 15%.
The present invention also provides a method for preparing rumen-bypass arginine, comprising: preparing a pellet core in substantially the same manner as in example 1 (the raw material ratio is different from that in example 1), and coating a first coating layer on the pellet core to obtain pellets; then granulating the pellets and solid paraffin in a melting and stirring granulator according to the proportion, setting the initial rotating speed to be 150r/min, setting the initial temperature of a water bath to be 55 ℃, adjusting the stirring rotating speed to be 500r/min after the solid paraffin is melted, and increasing the stirring rotating speed to 1 ℃ every 5 minutes till the temperature is kept constant at 62 ℃; stopping heating when small particles appear in the pan, continuing stirring until the pellets are completely formed, and coating a second coating layer on the pellets.
The rumen bypass arginine prepared in this example was in granular form.
Example 5
Rumen bypass arginine, which consists of: the pill core consists of arginine and PEG6000, wherein the weight ratio of the arginine to the PEG6000 is 1: 0.4; a first coating covering the pellet core; wherein the first coating is composed of glyceryl monostearate, solid paraffin, sodium alginate, calcium hydrophosphate and calcium phosphate according to the weight ratio of 10:5:10:10: 10; a second coating overlying the first coating; wherein the second coating is glyceryl monostearate; the weight ratio of the pill core, the first coating and the second coating is 40:45: 15.
In the rumen bypass arginine described in this example, the weight percentages are: the content of the pill core is 40%, the content of the first coating layer is 45%, and the content of the second coating layer is 15%.
The rumen bypass arginine production method of this example was substantially as described in example 4.
Comparative example 1
A rumen bypass arginine which differs from example 1 only in that: the first coating does not contain sodium alginate, namely the adhesive is only glyceryl monostearate and solid paraffin; and the first coating is composed of glyceryl monostearate, solid paraffin, calcium hydrophosphate and calcium phosphate according to the weight ratio of 20:20:10: 10.
Comparative example 2
A rumen bypass arginine which differs from example 1 only in that: the first coating does not contain glyceryl monostearate, namely the adhesive is only solid paraffin and sodium alginate; and the first coating is composed of solid paraffin, sodium alginate, calcium hydrophosphate and calcium phosphate according to the weight ratio of 22.5:17.5:10: 10.
Comparative example 3
A rumen bypass arginine which differs from example 1 only in that: the first coating does not contain paraffin wax, namely the adhesive is only glyceryl monostearate and sodium alginate; and the first coating is composed of glyceryl monostearate, sodium alginate, calcium hydrophosphate and calcium phosphate according to the weight ratio of 22.5:17.5:10: 10.
Comparative example 4
A rumen bypass arginine which differs from example 1 only in that: the first coating is also coated with a second coating; the second coating is paraffin wax; the weight ratio of the second coating to the first coating is 10: 60.
In the rumen bypass arginine, 110 parts by weight are as follows: the content of the pill core is 40 parts, the content of the first coating layer is 60 parts, and the content of the second coating layer is 10 parts.
The rumen bypass arginine production method of this example was substantially as described in example 4.
Comparative example 5
A rumen bypass arginine which differs from example 1 only in that: the first coating is also coated with a second coating; the second coating is glyceryl monostearate; the weight ratio of the second coating to the first coating is 10: 60.
In the rumen bypass arginine, 110 parts by weight are as follows: the content of the pill core is 40 parts, the content of the first coating layer is 60 parts, and the content of the second coating layer is 10 parts.
The rumen bypass arginine production method of this example was substantially as described in example 4.
Experimental example 1 evaluation of rumen-bypass arginine Performance
Rumen degradation rates of rumen-protected arginine prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 4 and rumen-protected arginine which was not coated were measured at 4 culture points of 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours using 5 holstein lactating cows having permanent rumen fistulas as test animals by the rumen nylon bag method, respectively. The results of the measurements on 1 plastic tube (2 nylon bags) per cow per time point are shown in table 1 below. The data in table 1 below are the average of 10 replicates.
The degradation rate is calculated as follows:
degradation rate: (degradation of rumen-bypass arginine at a certain culture time ÷ corrected weight of packaged rumen-bypass arginine) × 100%;
amount of degradation of rumen bypass arginine at a certain time point: correcting the weight of the rumen-bypass arginine in the bag-at a certain culture time point;
correcting the weight of the packaged rumen-bypass arginine: actual rumen bypass arginine weight (1-rumen bypass arginine bagging escape rate);
rumen-bypass arginine bagging escape rate (%): [ (weight of rumen-bypass arginine in blank-weight of rumen-bypass arginine residue in blank) ÷ weight of rumen-bypass arginine in blank ]. times 100%
The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 degradation ratio (%) -of rumen-protected arginine by Nylon bag method
Note: the data in the same column are marked with lower case letters (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) to indicate significant difference (p < 0.05), and the same letter or no mark indicates no significant difference (p > 0.05)
The measurement result shows that the uncoated arginine is basically degraded, the degradation rates of rumen bypass arginine cultured in the rumen for 12 hours and 24 hours of example 1 are respectively 26.16 percent and 32.78 percent, and the degradation rates are remarkably better than those of examples 2-3 and comparative examples 1-3; the rumen bypass rate of example 4 and example 5 is better than that of example 1, and the rumen bypass rate of example 4 in 12 hours is close to 88%.
In addition, comparative examples 4 and 5, which prepare the second coating by increasing the amount of the binder (paraffin wax, glyceryl monostearate), although the rumen degradation rate of rumen bypass arginine can also be reduced, the difference is not significant compared to examples 4 and 5, and the content of the pellet core is also reduced, so that the effective content of arginine is also reduced accordingly. This is not an optimal solution for practical production. Therefore, the preferred embodiments in practical application are examples 4 and 5.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. Rumen bypass arginine is characterized in that the main raw materials comprise arginine, polyethylene glycol (PEG), adhesive and excipient; preferably, the rumen bypass arginine comprises: a pellet core comprising arginine and polyethylene glycol; a first coating covering the pellet core; wherein the coating comprises a binder and an excipient.
2. A rumen bypass arginine comprising:
a pellet core comprising arginine and polyethylene glycol;
a first coating covering the pellet core; wherein the first coating consists of a first binder and an excipient; the first adhesive is selected from one or more of glyceryl monostearate, stearic acid, solid paraffin and sodium alginate; the excipient is one or two of calcium hydrophosphate and calcium phosphate;
preferably, the polyethylene glycol is selected from polyethylene glycol 6000(PEG6000) or polyethylene glycol 4000(PEG4000), preferably polyethylene glycol 6000(PEG 6000); and/or the weight ratio of the arginine to the polyethylene glycol in the pill core is (0.5-1.5): (0.2-0.8), preferably 1: 0.4.
3. The rumen bypass arginine according to claim 2, wherein the weight ratio of the pellet core to the first coating is (40-50): (50-60), preferably 40:60, 45:55 or 50: 50; and/or the weight percentage of the pill core in rumen bypass arginine is 40-50%, preferably 40-45%.
4. The rumen bypass arginine according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the weight ratio of the first binder to the excipient is (37-43): (18-22), preferably 40: 20; and or (b) a,
the first adhesive is a mixture of glyceryl monostearate (or stearic acid), solid paraffin and sodium alginate; preferably the weight ratio of glyceryl monostearate (or stearic acid), solid paraffin and sodium alginate is (14-16): (9-11), more preferably 15:15: 10; and or (b) a,
the excipient is calcium hydrogen phosphate and calcium phosphate; preferably the weight ratio of calcium hydrogen phosphate to calcium phosphate is (9-11) to (9-11), more preferably 10: 10; and or (b) a,
the first coating is composed of glyceryl monostearate (or stearic acid), solid paraffin, sodium alginate, calcium hydrogen phosphate and calcium phosphate according to the weight ratio of (14-16) to (9-11), and the preferable weight ratio is 15:15:10:10: 10.
5. The rumen bypass arginine according to any one of claims 2 to 4, further comprising a second coating layer covering the first coating layer; wherein, the material of the second coating can be one or more selected from glyceryl monostearate, stearic acid, solid paraffin and sodium alginate, and is preferably solid paraffin and/or glyceryl monostearate.
6. A rumen bypass arginine comprising:
a pellet core comprising arginine and polyethylene glycol;
a first coating covering the pellet core; wherein the first coating consists of a first binder and an excipient; the first adhesive is glyceryl monostearate or stearic acid, solid paraffin and sodium alginate; the excipient is calcium hydrogen phosphate and calcium phosphate;
a second coating overlying the first coating; wherein the second coating consists of a second binder; the second adhesive is selected from one or more of glyceryl monostearate, stearic acid, solid paraffin and sodium alginate, and is preferably solid paraffin and/or glyceryl monostearate;
preferably, the polyethylene glycol is selected from polyethylene glycol 6000(PEG6000) or polyethylene glycol 4000(PEG4000), preferably polyethylene glycol 6000(PEG 6000); and/or the weight ratio of arginine to polyethylene glycol in the pill core is (0.5-1.5): (0.2-0.8), preferably 1: 0.4; and/or the ratio of the weight of the pill core to the sum of the weight of the first coating layer and the second coating layer is (40-50): (50-60), and preferably 40:60, 45:55 or 50: 50.
7. The rumen bypass arginine according to claim 6,
the weight ratio of the sum of the weight of the first binder and the second binder to the weight of the excipient is (37-43) to (18-22), preferably 40: 20; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the weight ratio of the first coating to the second coating is (40-50): 5-25, preferably 45: 15; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the weight ratio of the first binder to the excipient is (19-31): (18-22), preferably 25: 20; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the first adhesive consists of glyceryl monostearate (or stearic acid), solid paraffin and sodium alginate in a weight ratio of (5-10) to (9-11), and preferably consists of glyceryl monostearate (or stearic acid), solid paraffin and sodium alginate in a weight ratio of 5:10:10 or 10:5: 10; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the excipient consists of calcium hydrogen phosphate and calcium phosphate in a weight ratio of (9-11) to (9-11), preferably 10: 10.
8. The rumen-bypass arginine according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the rumen-bypass arginine comprises, in weight percent: the content of the pill core is 35-45%, preferably 40%; the content of the first coating is 40-50%, preferably 45%; the content of the second coating is 5-25%, preferably 15%; or,
the rumen bypass arginine comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
the content of the pill core is 35-45%, preferably 40-45%;
the content of the first coating is 40-50%, preferably 45%; wherein the weight ratio of the first binder to the excipient in the first coating is (19-31): (18-22), preferably 25: 20; the first adhesive consists of glyceryl monostearate (or stearic acid), solid paraffin and sodium alginate in a weight ratio of (5-10) to (9-11), preferably in a weight ratio of 5:10:10 or 10:5: 10; the excipient consists of calcium hydrogen phosphate and calcium phosphate according to the weight ratio of (9-11) to (9-11), and the preferred weight ratio is 10: 10;
the content of the second coating layer is 5 to 25%, preferably 15%.
9. A method for preparing rumen bypass arginine, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) mixing arginine and polyethylene glycol to obtain solid dispersion as pill core;
2) coating a first coating layer on the pellet core; or, preferably, further comprising applying a second coating layer on the first coating layer;
preferably, the ruminal bypass arginine is the same as the ruminal bypass arginine of any one of claims 2-8.
10. Use of the ruminal bypass arginine of any one of claims 1-8 or the ruminal bypass arginine prepared by the method of claim 9 in the preparation of animal feed;
wherein the animal preferably comprises a ruminant animal, more preferably a bovine, ovine, deer, alpaca or antelope; and/or, the feed is preferably a cattle (cow) feed.
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