JPH05219897A - Galactooligosaccharide-containing feed - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the subject feed for reducing diarrhea ratio of young pig and calf, improving weight gaining effects by blending a feed with a specific amount of a galactooligosaccharide. CONSTITUTION:A feed is blended with 0.01-0.1wt.% galactooligosaccharide (preferably galactosyl lactose) to give the objective feed. The galactooligosaccharide is obtained by subjecting a lactose such as alpha-lactose or equilibrium lactose and galactose to polycondensation in the presence of an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid or nitric acid in an anhydrous state under heating at 100-200 deg.C.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a feed for livestock containing a specific amount of galactooligosaccharide, which feed is effective in preventing diarrhea and loose stools of livestock and increasing body weight. ..

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, there has been proposed a livestock feed containing a saccharide containing galactooligosaccharide as a main component, which is known as a growth factor of bifidobacteria in the human intestine. (JP-A-60-34134). In addition, attempts have been made to utilize galacto-oligosaccharides as feed for livestock (Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-57902). However, the amount of galactooligosaccharide used in this invention is 0.1 to 2% by weight.
The composition and the amount added are high, and it is not always satisfactory for actual livestock breeders.

In addition to these, galactooligosaccharides are currently transferred galactooligosaccharides produced by the action of a microorganism-derived enzyme on lactose (JP-B-58-20266, JP-A-60-2518).
96) and soybean oligo from soybean whey (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-155082) and an extraction method using raffinose in beet sugar (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-126951). Products produced by these methods have a target galacto-oligosaccharide with a low purity of around 50%, and since these are liquid products (concentration of about 75%), the galacto-oligosaccharide content is even lower and liquid. Because of this, there are some drawbacks that are difficult to use. Therefore, high-purity substances are taken out and powdered by chromatographic fractionation. The published sugar composition of conventional galactooligosaccharides is generally as shown in Table 1.

[0004]

[Table 1]

As a method for improving these problems, a method of making lactose act on a microorganism (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7289/1990)
0) is proposed. Further, as a high-purity galacto-oligosaccharide production method that does not rely on an enzymatic reaction, a production method using an acid is disclosed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-197490), but a specific study on the activity of the obtained galacto-oligosaccharide and a method for using the same. Not done.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a practically excellent animal feed which is effective in preventing diarrhea and loose stools of livestock and increasing body weight.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The inventors of the present invention have proposed a new use of a galactooligosaccharide obtained by a method for producing a high-purity galactooligosaccharide using a microorganism or an acid (JP-A-2-72890, 3-197490). In the process of studying its activity for the purpose of development, useful bacteria belonging to the genus Bacillus or Bacteroides, which are the main enterobacteria of livestock, proliferate, and as a result, toxic bacteria such as Clostridium perfringens Recognizing that there is a possibility that growth may be suppressed, when a feed containing a specific amount of galacto-oligosaccharides was fed to livestock such as calves and piglets based on such an estimation, it was much better than previously known. It was found that diarrhea loose stool, which is often observed in raising calves and piglets, can be effectively prevented with a small addition amount, and that the weight gain is remarkable. Further, surprisingly, the present invention was completed by discovering that the diarrhea incidence rate of piglets is reduced and the body weight increasing effect is also obtained by adding and feeding it to the feed of sows.

[0008] That is, the present invention has been made based on the above findings, and an object of the present invention is to provide a livestock feed containing a galacto-oligosaccharide that has a remarkable effect on preventing loose diarrhea of livestock and increasing body weight. And The present invention will be described in detail below.

A feature of the present invention is that galacto-oligosaccharides are
01 to 0.1% by weight of the feed for livestock.
The galacto-oligosaccharide used herein mainly means galactosyl lactose in which one molecule of galactose is bound to lactose and digalactosyl lactose in which two molecules of galactose are bound to lactose. The galactooligosaccharide used as an active ingredient in the present invention can be prepared by the following method.

The production of galacto-oligosaccharides using microorganisms can be carried out by the method disclosed in JP-A-2-72890. That is, it is carried out by collecting a galactu-oligosaccharide produced by allowing a microorganism belonging to the genus Rhodotorula, the genus Sterigumatomyces or the genus Sirobacidium to act on lactose or a substance containing lactose.

The production of galactooligosaccharide using an acid can be carried out by the method disclosed in JP-A-3-197490. First, the raw material lactose is not particularly limited, and widely known ones can be used. For example, a commercially available product may be used, and in the case of carrying out the mixed acid as an aqueous solution in production,
Although any of α-lactose, β-lactose and balanced lactose can be used,
When the mixed acid is used as a powder, α-lactose is preferably used. Galactose can use a commercial item. When lactose and galactose are used as a mixture, the ratio is not particularly limited, but the mixing ratio is usually 9: 1.
˜5: 5, preferably 8: 2 to 7: 3 (weight ratio).

Next, as the catalyst acid, inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid can be used, but sulfuric acid has a dehydrating action and is not so preferable. The amount of the acid may be a very small amount, and the weight ratio may be from 0.1% to 0.01% based on the total amount (dry weight) of lactose or galactose.
Since the acid mixes well with the raw material lactose or a mixture of lactose and galactose, it is diluted to about 1%, atomized and mixed well with the raw material and dried, or the raw material is made into an aqueous solution. It is preferable that a predetermined amount of acid is added to and mixed with and dehydrated by a method such as spray drying. Next, the dehydrated raw material mixture is usually stored at a temperature of 100 to 200 ° C. for 0.5 to 3 hours, preferably 1 to 2 hours to cause polycondensation to be converted into a galactooligosaccharide. In this case, if the temperature is less than 100 ° C., it is difficult to produce the desired gactooligosaccharide,
When the temperature is higher than 200 ° C, the melting point of lactose becomes close to the melting point and the coloring occurs, which is not desirable. The heating time is also 0.
If it is less than 5 hours, the yield is not particularly high, and if it is longer than 3 hours, coloring or burning occurs, which is not desirable.

The galactooligosaccharide thus obtained can be used in the form of a solution by dissolving it in water and neutralizing it, followed by decolorization and desalting according to a conventional method. In this case, the concentration of galacto-oligosaccharide can be used up to the solubility and is usually 60%.
A degree is preferable. Depending on the temperature and humidity, in the case of a solution with a low concentration of galacto-oligosaccharide, mold may occur in the galacto-oligosaccharide solution during storage.Therefore, propionic acid or propionic acid should be added to prevent mold formation. An organic acid such as sodium propionate or a salt thereof may be added in an appropriate amount, usually about 0.01% to 0.03%. When this product is used in solution, it has good operability when added to feed and can be mixed uniformly. Moreover, there is an advantage that the working environment can be kept good because this product does not scatter during operation. When it is used as a powder product, it is further concentrated and spray-dried to give a powder product.

By blending these galactooligosaccharides in a feed composition in an amount of 0.01 to 0.1% by weight, it is possible to prepare a feed for livestock which is effective in preventing diarrhea and loose stools of livestock and increasing body weight. If the blending amount is less than 0.01% by weight, the effect is insufficient, and if it is more than 0.1% by weight, the effect such as diarrhea is decreased.

As the other feed raw material to be added to the livestock feed containing the galactooligosaccharide of the present invention, a commonly used livestock feed raw material may be used, for example, grains such as brown rice and corn, soybean meal and oils and fats, Inorganic salts, amino acids,
Vitamins, artificial milk, etc. are used. These are used as a feed composition by appropriately blending them according to the type and growth stage of livestock by a conventional method.

[0016]

【Example】

Synthesis Example 1 Preparation of galacto-oligosaccharide using microorganisms A culture solution containing galacto-oligosaccharide was prepared according to JP-A-2-72890 Example 1, and the microbial cells were separated and purified by an ion exchange resin treatment to prepare a galacto-oligosaccharide.

Synthesis Example 2 Preparation of galactooligosaccharide using acid It was prepared according to the method described in JP-A-3-197490. That is, 100 g of a commercially available α-lactose was sprayed with 5 ml of a 1.0% hydrochloric acid solution using pressurized air, and the mixture was evenly mixed with a mixer, placed in an aluminum vat, and dried with a dryer.
It was pre-dried at 0 ° C. for 1 hour and then heated and roasted at 180 ° C. for 3 hours. Confirmation of galactooligosaccharide, molecular weight distribution, sugar composition, etc. were measured by assaying the culture solution and aqueous solution with acid-hydrolyzed by HPLC. The sugar composition of the polymer thus obtained was as follows. (% Is% by weight, the same applies below)

[0018]

[Table 2]

Example 1 Preparation of Feed Containing Galactooligosaccharide and Calf Rearing Test The oligosaccharide powder prepared in the synthesis example was added to the feed having the following composition in an amount of 0.005% by weight, 0.01% by weight, and 0% by weight of galactooligosaccharide. 0.09% by weight and 0.3% by weight were added to prepare mixed feeds for weaning calves. Whole milk powder 50 parts by weight Skim milk powder 20 parts by weight Vitamins and minerals 3 parts by weight

Calf rearing test: Each of the above-prepared feeds having different galacto-oligosaccharide contents was fed to calves according to the following method to measure the incidence of diarrhea and loose stools and the weight gain rate. As a comparison, 0.01% by weight of galactooligosaccharide was prepared by reacting fructooligosaccharide or an enzyme in place of the galactooligosaccharide of Synthesis Example (Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-57902, prepared by the method of Example 1, the same applies hereinafter). And 0.1% by weight of the feed and a feed containing no oligosaccharide as a control were similarly fed. Test method: Each of the test groups consisting of 20 Holstein bulls one week old was fed with each of the above feeds and fed for 3 weeks, during which the incidence of diarrhea and loose stool and the rate of weight gain were measured. .. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0021]

[Table 3]

As can be seen from Table 3, in the test section containing the galacto-oligosaccharide of the present invention, diarrhea and loose stool were compared with the control section and each test section containing the same amount of fructooligosaccharide or the galacto-oligosaccharide prepared by the enzymatic method. It was found that the incidence of illness was low and the rate of weight gain was good. Especially, it has been found that the range of 0.01 to 0.1% by weight is effective.

Example 2 Preparation of Feed Containing Galactooligosaccharide in Feed and Feeding Test for Piglets The galactooligosaccharide powder obtained by the synthesis example was used as a commercially available artificial milk A (trade name: Mama 7 Royal, manufactured by Kyodo Feed Co., Ltd.).
And a mixed feed added to each of the artificial milk B (trade name: Mama 8 Summit, manufactured by Kyodo Feed Co., Ltd.) were used to carry out a piglet rearing test in accordance with the following.

Breeding test of piglets: The feed containing the galacto-oligosaccharide as described above was fed to the piglets according to the following method to examine the weight gain, feed intake and diarrhea, loose stool generation. It was As a comparative example, artificial milk A and artificial milk B were fed with a feed containing fructo-oligosaccharides and galacto-oligosaccharides prepared by an enzymatic method, respectively, in place of the galacto-oligosaccharides of the synthesis example, and the same measurement was performed.
As a control, artificial milk A and artificial milk B without addition of oligosaccharide were fed and the same measurement was performed. The rearing is performed by dividing 21-day-old weaned piglets (LW / D breed) into groups of 16 pigs.
The artificial milk A was fed for 15 days as the A period, and the artificial milk B was fed for 16 to 50 days as the B period. The results are shown in Tables 4 and 5.
As shown in.

[0025]

[Table 4]

[0026]

[Table 5]

As shown in Tables 4 and 5, the growth of piglets fed the feed containing 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of galactooligosaccharide was the same as that of the control and fructooligosaccharide or the galactooligosaccharide prepared by the enzymatic method. It can be seen that it is superior to each test section in which the amount was included.

Experimental Example 3 A sow feed was prepared by adding the galactooligosaccharide powder obtained by the synthesis example to the sow base feed. As a comparative example, a feed containing fructooligosaccharide or a galactooligosaccharide prepared by an enzymatic method in place of the galactooligosaccharide in the synthesis example was prepared, and a feed containing no oligosaccharide was prepared as a control. Table 6 shows the composition of the basic feed for sows.

[0029]

[Table 6]

Experimental Example 4 Using the mother pig feed containing the galactooligosaccharide powder prepared in Example 3, the following experiment was conducted. Two to six sows sow Landrace and male large white (La
Divide the sows that have been mixed with rge White) into groups of 4 pigs each,
As shown in Table 7, the basal diet and the galacto-oligo head-containing diet were fed from 1 week before delivery to 25 days after delivery. The body weight of piglets and the occurrence of diarrhea were observed for each experimental group over 25 days after delivery.

[0031]

[Table 7]

From this experiment, by administering the feed composition for sows of the present invention to sows throughout the pregnancy period and the feeding period, the diarrhea incidence rate of the piglets during the feeding period was low, and the weight gain effect of the piglets was obtained. It became clear what I was doing.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A feed for livestock, which comprises 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of galactooligosaccharide. 2. The feed for livestock according to claim 1, wherein the galactooligosaccharide is galactosyl lactose. 3. The feed for livestock according to claim 1, wherein the galactooligosaccharide is digalactosyl lactose. 4. The livestock according to claim 1, wherein the galacto-oligosaccharide is a galacto-oligosaccharide produced by allowing a microorganism belonging to the genus Rhodotorula, the genus Sterigmatomyces or the genus Silobasidium to act on lactose or a substance containing lactose. Forage. 5. The feed for livestock according to claim 1, wherein the galactooligosaccharide is a galactooligosaccharide produced by adding galactose to lactose and heating the mixture in the anhydrous state in the presence of an inorganic acid. 6. The livestock feed according to claim 5, wherein the lactose contains at least one of α-lactose, balanced lactose and β-lactose. 7. The livestock feed according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is for mother pigs.