CN111164142A - 用于橡胶拔毛/脱毛机械手的抗微生物配方 - Google Patents

用于橡胶拔毛/脱毛机械手的抗微生物配方 Download PDF

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CN111164142A
CN111164142A CN201780095276.4A CN201780095276A CN111164142A CN 111164142 A CN111164142 A CN 111164142A CN 201780095276 A CN201780095276 A CN 201780095276A CN 111164142 A CN111164142 A CN 111164142A
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罗素林·路易兹·安东尼奥
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Abstract

本发明涉及食品工业领域，具体地涉及家禽机械拔毛和生猪机械脱毛领域，并且涉及用于制备橡胶混合物的抗微生物配方，所述橡胶混合物通过注塑成型、传递模塑或压力铸造工艺，在高温下硫化/固化，生产用于家禽拔毛或生猪去毛设备的制品。

Description

用于橡胶拔毛/脱毛机械手的抗微生物配方
本发明专利适用于食品工业，特别是家禽机械拔毛和猪脱毛机领域，并且涉及用于制造橡胶混合物材料的抗微生物配方，所述橡胶混合物材料旨在基于诸如注射成型、高温传热或加压硫化/固化的工艺来制造产品，用于家禽拔毛机或猪脱毛机。
目前，屠宰场在家禽拔毛机和猪脱毛机中使用橡胶机械手。市场上可买到的用于家禽拔毛机和猪脱毛机的零部件的使用寿命很短，因为它们在此过程中会磨损并最终损坏。这些部件除了积聚对最终用户健康既不利又有害的废物之外，也没有抗菌保护，从而有利于细菌(主要是沙门氏菌)的固定和繁殖，并损害食品安全。
当前的具有抗微生物特性的预硫化橡胶混合物和硫化橡胶产品使用非硫基固化剂，例如双酚A和过氧化氢银。
PI 0409713-0–“预硫化的抗微生物橡胶混合物和硫化的抗微生物橡胶产品”–是指在固体和注射状态下(泡沫或海绵或此类的多层组合)均具有有效的长期耐磨的抗微生物特性的非有机硅橡胶产品。它使用非硫基固化剂和体系，例如允许硫化并且不与银离子不可逆键合的双酚和过氧化物，从而使橡胶产品具有持久的抗微生物性能。它提供了一种简单的方法来生产硫化的非有机硅抗微生物橡胶产品，除了用占该产品的至少大部分重量的非硅橡胶生产的特定的预硫化的非有机硅生橡胶配方之外，所述橡胶添加有银基组分以向硫化的橡胶产品提供持久的抗微生物特性。其与本专利的区别在于本专利使用了硫基固化剂和除了银之外还可以含有锌或不含银并且仅含有锌和二氧化硅的配方的体系。这些产品处于它们的硫化固态。
PI0214836-6“有色抗微生物非有机硅硫化橡胶”是指用改性的三元乙丙橡胶(乙烯-丙烯-二烯烃三元共聚物)(例如，但不限于EPDM和/或NBR)生产的硫化橡胶产品，所述改性的三元乙丙橡胶(三元共聚物)占所述产品的至少大部分重量，包含在硫化橡胶产品内部的银基化合物以提供非常理想的持久抗微生物特性，其中一部分显示出黑色以外的颜色。此外，该发明还包含有不同于硫基的不同的固化体系和固化剂，例如过氧化物。其与本专利的区别在于本专利使用硫基固化剂和体系，其配方中包括除了银之外还可以包含锌或不包含银且仅包含锌和二氧化硅的抗微生物剂，并且除了着色之外，这些产品还可以显示黑色。这些产品处于它们的硫化固态。
PI 0208344-2“抗微生物橡胶混合物”-是指提供特定的非有机硅预硫化和/或硫化的生有机硅橡胶配方，包括提供长期抗微生物特性的银基化合物。该发明还包括有不同的硫基固化体系和固化剂，例如允许硫化的过氧化物和无机氧化物(仅举几个例子)。但是，上述配方中的固化剂不包含大量用作活性助剂的硫基化合物，在这种情况下，固化剂(数量更多并负责固化过程本身)是有机过氧化物。该专利还仅涉及EPDM，NBR，天然橡胶，或其任何组合。它与本专利的不同之处在于，本专利仅使用基于硫的固化剂和体系，其配方中除了银以外还可以包含锌或不包含银和仅包含锌和二氧化硅。在该发明中还涉及其他类型的橡胶，例如：IR，SBR，SSBR和BR。这些产品处于它们的硫化固态。
旨在用于基于动物的食品加工厂的本配方与其他专利和产品的不同之处在于，其显示出优异的柔韧性，动态特性，耐磨性和抗撕裂性以及有效的抗菌保护，从而得到明显地作为防止细菌固着的附加剂的橡胶混合物，由于这种配方从而破坏或抑制了产生在机械手表面上细菌的生长。
以下是本专利通过将抗微生物配方应用于橡胶拔毛/脱毛机械手而呈现的优点：
–鉴于以下部分，大大改善了家禽拔毛或猪脱毛的加工过程：
–更加轻柔地接触被处理动物的身体，从而防止迄今为止尚未完全防止的浸渍和/或不希望的损害。
–具有动态性能且持续时间更长，这意味着可以延长手指的使用寿命。
具体地说在其杀菌性能方面，本发明涉及橡胶产品，其配方包括诸如银，银和锌，或仅包含锌之类的杀微生物剂，以在硫化橡胶产品中提供抗微生物特性，条件是使用基于硫的固化体系。随后的结果是使橡胶产品表面上的细菌固定指数明显降低。这些杀菌性能是通过使用破坏或抑制橡胶机械手表面上微生物生长的杀微生物剂而获得的，而不会改变其配方基于表1所示化学成分的此类部件的性能。
基于本发明的抗微生物配方的橡胶产品显示出很高的有效性和耐久性，因为它们在较高的温度下不易于任何分解或浸出到环境中。
通过在橡胶机械手的配方中使用杀微生物剂而获得的技术效果是对于诸如铜绿假单胞菌、单核细胞增生性李斯特菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌(主要为沙门氏菌)的细菌增殖具有相当抗性的材料，由此增加了家禽和猪屠宰场中的食物安全性。
具有抗微生物特性的橡胶机械手相对于目前市场上可获得的橡胶机械手具有优势，因为它们能够防止工厂环境中的细菌繁殖并且甚至可以减少用于清洁和消毒食品加工厂的化学产品的使用。当获得新产品时，它们有助于降低生产成本并显著提高安全水平。
用于橡胶拔毛/脱毛机械手的本发明的抗微生物配方可以使用如下材料制定出：天然橡胶(NR)，合成聚异戊二烯(IR)，聚丁二烯橡胶(BR)，丁腈橡胶(NBR)，聚丁二烯橡胶(SBR和SSBR)，热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)，无论这些材料是纯的还是它们的混合物，只要每百份橡胶中(PHR)的份数范围达到如以下表1所示。
表1
Figure BDA0002426182900000031
Figure BDA0002426182900000041
配方包括上表所示的30-100份天然橡胶或合成聚异戊二烯(IR)；0-70份聚丁二烯橡胶(BR)；0-70份丁腈橡胶(NBR)；0-70份丁苯橡胶(SBR或SSBR)；包含0.1-50份矿物油型增塑剂和酯类，0.1-30份邻苯二甲酸盐；除其他半补强剂用量如高岭土，硅酸铝外，还包含0.1-80份炭黑填料用量或0.1-80份沉淀二氧化硅。作为活化体系0.5-20份氧化锌，0.5-5份硬脂酸，0.1-10份聚乙二醇(PEG)；加工助剂0.1-8份链烷烃和/或脂肪酸的组合；作为抗氧化剂的0.1-3份的6PPD或IPPD(对位苯二胺)，0.1-3份BHT，0.1-5份聚乙烯蜡；为了硫化，0.5-8份硫作为主要的固化剂，另外还包含诸如TMTD和DTDM的硫供体；作为加速体系，0.1-3份次磺酰胺(例如，但不限于NOBS，CBS和TBBS)，0.1-3份秋兰姆(例如，但不限于TMTM，TMTD和TBzTD)，0.1-3份DTDM(4,4'二硫代二吗啉)，0.1-3份二硫代氨基甲酸盐(例如，但不限于ZDEC或ZDC，ZMDC，ZBDC和ZBEC)，0.1-3份噻唑类(例如，但不限于MBT和MBTS)；包含杀菌剂，例如0.5-20份壳聚糖，0.01-6份银基、银和锌基、或仅锌基杀微生物剂。
橡胶混合物可以在圆筒型封闭的和/或开放的橡胶混合器中用本发明配方配制/混合。当在两个或更多个阶段中进行混合时，可以顺序地使用仅一个设备或其中两个：阶段A–首先，添加橡胶；阶段B–加入抗氧化剂和活化剂；阶段C–混合填充剂(loadings)、加工助剂和增塑剂；阶段D–在此最后一个阶段中添加固化体系和杀微生物剂。
在混合阶段之后，混合物可以被专门加工以形成用于制造产品的适当的预配制物品。这可以通过压延、挤压、条带成形或任何其他特别合适的构形来实现，以便于产品模制和硫化。
可以通过注射成型、传递成型或压力铸造工艺来完成模制，其固化温度为140℃至200℃。[021]以下是其中一种配方获得的结果：
Figure BDA0002426182900000051
Figure BDA0002426182900000061
上表所示的结果表明，具有锌基以及银基和锌基杀微生物剂的样品表现出对测试的微生物的抗微生物活性。
除了可以与食物接触的许多其他橡胶基产品之外，本发明的配方还可以与本文所述的那些产品以外的橡胶产品一起使用，但不限于挤奶机，稻谷脱壳机，收割机，传送带，以及橡胶密封剂。

Claims (3)

1.应用于橡胶拔毛/脱毛机械手的抗微生物配方，其特征在于，所述配方使用天然橡胶（NR），合成聚异戊二烯（IR），聚丁二烯橡胶（BR），丁腈橡胶（NBR），苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物（SBR和SSBR），热塑性聚氨酯（TPU），无论这些材料是纯的或是其任何混合物，只要达到每百份橡胶（PHR）的份数水平；具有30-100份天然橡胶或合成聚异戊二烯（IR）； 0-70份聚丁二烯橡胶（BR）; 0-70份丁腈橡胶（NBR）; 0-70份丁苯橡胶份（SBR或SSBR）; ;包含0.1-50份矿物油型增塑剂，和酯，0.1-30份邻苯二甲酸盐；除其他高岭土型半增强填料，以及硅酸铝外，还包含0.1-80炭黑增强填料或0.1-80沉淀二氧化硅；作为活化体系，使用0.5-20份氧化锌，0.5-5硬脂酸，0.1-10份聚乙二醇（PEG）；加工助剂，0.1-8份链烷烃和/或脂肪酸的组合；作为抗氧化剂0.1-3份的6PPD或IPPD（对位苯二胺），0.1-3份的BHT，0.1-5份的聚乙烯蜡;为了硫化，0.5-8份的硫作为主要的固化剂，另外还包含诸如TMTD和DTDM的硫供体；作为加速体系，0.1-3份次磺酰胺（例如，但不限于NOBS，CBS和TBBS），0.1-3份秋兰姆（例如，但不限于TMTM，TMTD和TBzTD），0.1-3 份DTDM（4.4'二硫代二吗啉），0.1-3份的二硫代氨基甲酸盐（例如，但不限于ZDEC或ZDC，ZMDC，ZBDC和ZBEC），0.1-3份的噻唑类（例如，但不限于MBT和MBTS ）;包含杀菌剂，例如0.5-20份壳聚糖，0.01-6份银基、银和锌基、或仅锌基杀微生物剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用于橡胶拔毛/脱毛机械手的抗微生物配方，其特征在于，
其由四阶段获得：第一阶段添加橡胶；第二阶段混合抗氧化剂和活化剂；第三阶段混合填充剂、加工助剂和增塑剂；第四阶段添加固化体系和杀微生物剂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的应用于橡胶拔毛/脱毛机械手的抗微生物配方，其特征在于，
在混合阶段之后，通过压延、挤压、条带成形或用于模制和硫化的任何其他具体适合的构型将配制的混合物具体加工为适当的预配制元件；模制可以通过注射成型、传递成型或压力铸造工艺完成，其固化温度为140℃至200℃。
CN201780095276.4A 2017-09-29 2017-12-21 用于橡胶拔毛/脱毛机械手的抗微生物配方 Pending CN111164142A (zh)

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