CN111157442A - Multi-mode friction and wear test device and method - Google Patents
Multi-mode friction and wear test device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111157442A CN111157442A CN201911421084.5A CN201911421084A CN111157442A CN 111157442 A CN111157442 A CN 111157442A CN 201911421084 A CN201911421084 A CN 201911421084A CN 111157442 A CN111157442 A CN 111157442A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/02—Measuring coefficient of friction between materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of tribology of mechanical engineering, and particularly relates to a multi-mode friction and wear test device and a method, which solve the problems of limited functions and complex operation of the friction and wear test device in the prior art. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: clamping the ball sample/rolling sample on a clamp, and clamping the plane sample by using a plane sample clamp; controlling the plane sample to move up and down through the lifting platform, and enabling the ball sample/rolling sample to be in contact with the plane sample; the motor drives the ball sample/rolling sample to do up-and-down reciprocating motion according to set parameters, and the plane sample is subjected to a reciprocating impact/sliding/rolling test, a two-mode composite test and a three-mode composite test. The three-dimensional force sensor measures the force borne by the plane sample clamp and analyzes to obtain a friction coefficient-cycle number curve. The invention can carry out the impact, sliding and rolling multi-mode friction and wear test with adjustable rigidity, has simple operation, saves the test cost and is suitable for the research of composite friction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tribology of mechanical engineering, and particularly relates to a multi-mode friction and wear test device and method.
Background
The abrasion of parts directly influences the service life of equipment, and the friction noise pollutes the environment. The problem to be solved urgently in engineering application is to deeply research the abrasion and deformation mechanism of a large-deformation friction pair and reduce the abrasion of the friction pair as far as possible. In practical application conditions, relative movement between the friction pairs is quite complex, generated abrasion is often the result of the combined action of multiple abrasion forms, impact and sliding abrasion are common abrasion forms, and sliding movement of parts is combined in special occasions such as shield hobbing cutters and the like. The composite impact-sliding friction is a common form of friction and wear, for example, during the movement of the rolling bearing, the movement process between the cage and the ring is the composite impact-sliding movement process. The impact and sliding abrasion is a composite of two contact motion forms of impact and sliding in the motion form, but the abrasion mechanism is not the superposition of simple impact abrasion and sliding abrasion, the impact and sliding coupling action makes the impact and sliding composite abrasion mechanism very complex, and the impact and sliding composite abrasion mechanism is more complex if the rolling motion form is composite. The motion mechanism can seriously damage the contact surface of the part, so that the part is rapidly and abnormally failed, and the service life of the part is shortened. Because the impact-sliding-rolling composite friction and wear mechanism is complex and the test reappearance is difficult, the research work related to the impact-sliding composite friction and wear by the scholars at home and abroad is less. Different friction and wear testing machines are manufactured in the market aiming at some friction and wear modes, such as MHK-500 ring block friction and wear testing machines, WMJ-1500 reciprocating friction and wear testing machines and the like, but friction and wear tests in various modes cannot be performed, and in order to meet the test requirements, a plurality of friction and wear testing machines in different motion modes are usually purchased, so that the test cost is greatly increased, and the equipment resources are wasted.
At present, many mechanisms and colleges carry out the research of a friction wear testing machine: the Tan Deqiang of the southwest university of transportation invents a punching and sliding composite friction and wear test device (publication number CN105891036A), which can perform a punching and sliding composite friction and wear test with adjustable rigidity, but cannot perform composite rolling movement, and the angle between samples can only be realized by replacing a clamp, so that the operation is complex. The drop hammer type impact-sliding composite friction testing machine (publication number CN110031394A) is invented by Gu Dapeng of Yanshan university, can perform impact-sliding friction and wear tests, accurately measure friction force and friction coefficient, has high automation degree, is limited only by surface contact of a grinding pair, cannot perform composite rolling motion, and cannot adjust the angle between samples.
The problem to be solved is to develop a multi-mode friction and wear testing machine which is simple in structure, various in function and high in cost performance by integrating the current development situation of the friction and wear testing machine.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the friction wear test device in the prior art is limited in function, complex in structure and incapable of realizing impact-sliding-rolling composite friction wear test, the invention provides a multi-mode friction wear test device, which aims to: the reciprocating impact/sliding/rolling test, the two-mode composite test and the three-mode composite test are carried out on the plane test piece, and the abrasion and deformation mechanisms of the large-deformation friction pair are deeply researched.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a multi-mode friction wear test device comprises a rack and a base, wherein a driving device and a transmission device are arranged on the upper portion of the rack, the transmission device is connected with a spring piece, the spring piece is connected with a spring stiffness adjuster, the lower end of the spring piece is connected with a clamp connector, a spherical sample clamp or a rolling sample clamp is connected onto the clamp connector, the rolling sample clamp is connected with a rolling sample, two sides of the rolling sample are provided with gradually-increased circular arc bulges, circular arc bulges are arranged on the rolling sample clamp and are tangent to the maximum outer edge of the gradually-increased circular arc bulges, a lifting table is arranged on the base, a plane sample mechanism is arranged on the lifting table, a three-dimensional force sensor is arranged between the lifting table and the plane sample mechanism, the plane sample mechanism corresponds to the position of the clamp connector, and comprises a screw sliding table, the screw rod sliding table is provided with a plane sample clamp and an angle positioning plate, the plane sample clamp is used for clamping a plane sample, one end of the plane sample clamp is hinged with the screw rod sliding table, and the other end of the plane sample clamp is movably connected with the angle positioning plate.
After the technical scheme is adopted, a plane sample, a spherical sample and a rolling sample are respectively fixed on a plane sample clamp, a spherical sample clamp and a rolling sample clamp, the plane sample is controlled to move up and down through a lifting platform, so that the plane sample is contacted with the rolling sample or the spherical sample, a motor drives the spherical sample or the rolling sample to reciprocate up and down according to set parameters through a transmission device, and the plane sample is subjected to a reciprocating impact/sliding/rolling test, a two-mode composite test and an impact-sliding-rolling multi-mode composite test; in the test process, the spring piece is stressed and deformed, so that the punching and sliding combined friction abrasion between the upper test piece and the lower test piece is realized; meanwhile, a three-dimensional force sensor connected with the plane sample clamp measures the force borne by the plane sample, and sends the force to a data acquisition control system to analyze and obtain a friction coefficient-cycle number curve. The test device can perform impact/sliding/rolling composite friction and wear test, provides data support for the research on the wear and deformation mechanism of the large-deformation friction pair, has a simple structure, and can save the test cost.
Preferably, the clamp connector is threadably connected to the spherical sample clamp and the rolling sample clamp.
After the preferred scheme is adopted, the spherical sample clamp and the rolling sample clamp are convenient to replace.
Preferably, the angle positioning plate is arc-shaped, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the middle of the angle positioning plate, a positioning block is connected to the arc-shaped groove in a sliding mode, the positioning block is hinged to the plane sample clamp, an angle adjusting screw is arranged on the screw sliding table and is connected with the screw sliding table in a sliding mode, and the positioning block is connected with the angle adjusting screw in a sliding mode.
After adopting this preferred scheme, plane sample anchor clamps one end slides in the arc wall on the angle locating plate, and the other end rotates on the screw rod sliding stand, can the position of fixed positioning piece through the nut of screwing up on the angle adjusting screw, and then the angle of fixed plane sample anchor clamps, through the angle of adjusting plane sample anchor clamps, can change the friction form between plane sample and spherical sample or the roll sample, accomplishes to rub the sample and switch between multiple friction form.
Preferably, the angle positioning plate is provided with scales.
After the preferred scheme is adopted, the plane sample can be adjusted to a specific angle, and the sample can be adjusted to a required angle according to requirements.
Preferably, the transmission device comprises a coupler, a transmission shaft, an eccentric disc, a joint bearing and an impact shaft which are sequentially connected, the transmission shaft is connected with the center of the eccentric disc, the edge of the eccentric disc is connected with the upper end of the joint bearing, the lower end of the joint bearing is connected with the upper end of the impact shaft, and the lower end of the impact shaft is connected with the spring piece.
After the optimal scheme is adopted, the motor drives the eccentric disc to rotate, the eccentric disc drives the knuckle bearing to reciprocate up and down, and then the spherical sample and the rolling sample are driven to reciprocate up and down, so that the spherical sample or the rolling sample can perform multiple impact/rolling/sliding friction tests with the plane sample.
As preferred, set up the workstation on the base, be provided with regulating plate and T-slot on the workstation, be provided with the bar hole on the regulating plate, bar hole and T-slot mutually perpendicular, be provided with T type bolt in the bar hole, the lower part of T type bolt is located the T-slot, elevating platform and regulating plate fixed connection.
After adopting this preferred scheme, the elevating platform can move in the direction of bar hole and T-slot to adjust the position of plane sample, make plane sample and spherical sample or roll the sample for the position correspondence.
Preferably, the spring stiffness adjuster comprises a supporting block, a rotating block is arranged in the supporting block and is rotatably connected with the supporting block, a threaded rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating block, and a handle is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating block.
After the preferred scheme is adopted, the threaded rod is rotated by rotating the handle, the threaded rod is screwed in or out of the inner cavity of the impact shaft, the position of the supporting block can be adjusted, and further the rigidity of the spring is adjusted. The friction form among the samples can be changed by changing the rigidity of the spring piece, the types of the samples and the angle of the horizontal sample, so that the samples can be switched among impact friction, sliding friction, rolling friction and composite friction.
Preferably, the supporting block is made of a magnetic material.
After the preferred scheme is adopted, the supporting blocks are convenient to add below the supporting blocks, and the purpose of adjusting the rigidity of the spring pieces can be achieved by adding or reducing the number of the supporting blocks.
Preferably, the arc bulge is connected with the rolling sample clamp in a sliding mode, and a telescopic device is arranged between the arc bulge and the rolling sample clamp.
After the preferred scheme is adopted, the arc-shaped bulge can extend out of or retract back from the rolling sample clamp, so that the rolling sample and the plane sample can be switched between rolling friction and rolling-sliding friction.
A multi-mode frictional wear test method comprising the steps of:
step [1] a spherical sample clamp or a rolling sample clamp is arranged on a clamp connector, a spherical sample is arranged on the spherical sample clamp or a rolling sample is arranged on the rolling sample clamp, and a plane sample is arranged on the plane sample clamp;
step [2] adjusting a spring stiffness adjuster to change the stiffness of the spring piece and adjust the angle of the plane sample;
step [3] adjusting the horizontal position of the lifting table, and adjusting the vertical position of the plane sample clamp through the lifting table to enable the spherical sample or the rolling sample to be in contact with the plane sample at a proper position;
step [4] the driving device drives the spherical sample or the rolling sample to reciprocate up and down according to set parameters through the transmission device;
and (5) measuring the force borne by the plane sample by the three-dimensional force sensor, sending the force to a data acquisition control system, and analyzing to obtain a friction coefficient-cycle number curve.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the contact between the spherical sample or the rolling sample and the plane sample is selected, the rigidity of the spring piece is adjusted, the angle of the plane sample is adjusted, two modes of composite friction and wear tests and impact-sliding-rolling composite friction and wear tests can be carried out as required, and the abrasion and deformation mechanism of the large deformation friction pair can be researched.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the test device can perform impact/sliding/rolling composite friction and wear test, provides data support for the research on the wear and deformation mechanism of the large-deformation friction pair, has a simple structure, and can save the test cost.
2. The fixture connector is in threaded connection with the spherical sample fixture and the rolling sample fixture, so that the spherical sample fixture and the rolling sample fixture can be conveniently replaced.
3. Plane sample anchor clamps one end slides in the arc wall on the angle locating plate, and the other end rotates on the screw rod sliding stand, can the position of fixed positioning piece through the nut of screwing up on the angle adjusting screw, and then the angle of fixed plane sample anchor clamps, through the angle of adjusting plane sample anchor clamps, can change the friction form between plane sample and spherical sample or the roll sample, accomplishes to rub the sample and switches between multiple friction form.
4. The angle positioning plate is provided with scales, and the sample can be adjusted to a required angle according to requirements.
5. The motor drives the eccentric disc to rotate, the eccentric disc drives the knuckle bearing to reciprocate up and down, and then the spherical sample and the rolling sample are driven to reciprocate up and down, so that the spherical sample or the rolling sample can perform multiple impact/rolling/sliding friction tests with the plane sample.
6. The lifting platform can move in the direction of the strip-shaped hole and the T-shaped groove, so that the position of the plane sample is adjusted, and the plane sample corresponds to the spherical sample or the rolling sample in position.
7. Through the twist grip, make the threaded rod rotate, the threaded rod is twisted into or is twisted out the inner chamber of impact shaft, can adjust the position of supporting shoe, and then adjusts the rigidity of spring, and when the supporting shoe was at the bottom, the spring leaf can not warp in the vertical direction, and the spring leaf is the rigid body, and the supporting shoe is when the intermediate position, and the spring leaf can warp in the vertical direction, and the supporting shoe is when the top, and the deflection of spring leaf in the vertical direction reaches the biggest. The friction form among the samples can be changed by changing the rigidity of the spring piece, the types of the samples and the angle of the horizontal sample, so that the samples can be switched among impact friction, sliding friction, rolling friction and composite friction.
8. The supporting blocks are made of magnetic materials, the supporting blocks are convenient to add below the supporting blocks, and the purpose of adjusting the rigidity of the spring pieces can be achieved by adding or reducing the number of the supporting blocks.
9. And a telescopic device is arranged between the arc bulge and the rolling sample clamp, and the arc bulge can extend out of or retract back from the rolling sample clamp, so that the rolling sample and the plane sample can be switched between rolling friction and rolling-sliding friction.
10. By selecting the contact between the spherical sample or the rolling sample and the plane sample, adjusting the rigidity of the spring piece and adjusting the angle of the plane sample, the composite friction and wear test in two modes and the composite friction and wear test in impact-sliding-rolling can be carried out as required, and the wear and deformation mechanism of the large-deformation friction pair can be researched.
Drawings
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a planar sample mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection of the clamp connector to the ball sample clamp, the rolling sample clamp;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a rolling sample holder;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of a rolling sample;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the construction of the clamp connector;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a spring rate adjuster;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of a flat sample holder.
Wherein, 1-a frame, 2-a base, 3-a motor, 4-a coupler, 5-a bearing, 6-an eccentric disc, 7-a joint bearing, 8-an impact shaft, 9-a linear bearing, 10-a spring leaf, 11-a clamp connector, 111-a spherical sample clamp, 112-a rolling sample clamp, 113-a spherical sample, 114-a rolling sample, 115-a gradual increase arc bulge, 116-an arc bulge, 12-a plane sample mechanism, 121-a screw rod sliding table, 122-an angle plate connecting bearing, 123-an angle adjusting platform, 124-a plane sample, 125-a plane sample clamp, 126-an angle positioning plate, 127-an angle adjusting screw rod, 128-a positioning block, 13-a three-dimensional force sensor and 14-a lifting platform, 15-adjusting plate, 151-strip-shaped hole, 16-workbench, 161-T-shaped groove, 17-spring stiffness adjuster, 171-threaded rod, 172-supporting block, 173-rotating block and 174-handle.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where mutually exclusive features or steps are mutually exclusive.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 10.
A multi-mode friction wear test device comprises a machine frame 1 and a base 2, wherein a driving device and a transmission device are arranged on the upper portion of the machine frame 1, and the driving device is a motor 3 in the embodiment. The transmission device is connected with a spring piece 10, the spring piece 10 is connected with a spring stiffness regulator 17, and the lower end of the spring piece 10 is connected with a clamp connector 11. Be connected with spherical sample anchor clamps 111 or roll sample anchor clamps 112 on the anchor clamps connector 11, roll sample anchor clamps 112 are connected with roll sample 114, the both sides of roll sample 114 are provided with four gradually-increasing circular arc archs 115 of end to end in proper order respectively, be provided with circular arc arch 116 on the roll sample anchor clamps 112, circular arc arch 116 corresponds and is tangent with the biggest outer fringe department of gradually-increasing circular arc arch 115 with the protruding 115 position of gradually-increasing circular arc. The rolling sample holder 112 is provided with a groove to facilitate the rotation of the rolling sample 114.
The device is characterized in that a lifting table 14 is arranged on the base 2, a plane sample mechanism 12 is arranged on the lifting table 14, a three-dimensional force sensor 13 is arranged between the lifting table 14 and the plane sample mechanism 12, the three-dimensional force sensor 13 is connected with a data acquisition control system, and the data acquisition control system is electrically connected with the motor 3 and the three-dimensional force sensor 13. The flat sample mechanism 12 corresponds to the position of the jig connector 11. The plane sample mechanism 12 includes a screw sliding table 121, an angle plate connecting bearing 122 is arranged on the screw sliding table 121, a rotating shaft is arranged in the angle plate connecting bearing 122, and the rotating shaft is connected with one end of an angle adjusting platform 123, so that the angle adjusting platform 123 can rotate around the rotating shaft. The angle adjustment platform 123 is provided with a flat sample clamp 125, and the flat sample clamp 125 is used for clamping a flat sample 124. An angle positioning plate 126 is arranged on the screw rod sliding table 121, and the other end of the angle adjusting platform 123 is movably connected with the angle positioning plate 126.
Due to the influence of machining errors, extrusion deformation, installation gaps and the like, the gradually-increasing arc protrusion 115 cannot be completely tangent to the arc protrusion 116, which causes friction between the maximum outer edge of the gradually-increasing arc protrusion 115 and the arc protrusion 116. When the rolling sample 114 is in contact with the flat sample 124, the rolling sample 124 rolls due to friction, and there is rolling friction between the rolling sample 114 and the flat sample 124. The rolling sample 114 drives the increasing circular arc protrusions 115 on the two sides to rotate, when the largest outer edge of the increasing circular arc protrusion 115 rotates to be in contact with the circular arc protrusion 116, the rolling sample 114 stops rotating due to the blocking of the circular arc protrusion 116, and at this time, sliding friction exists between the rolling sample 114 and the plane sample 124. The transmission device drives the rolling sample 114 to continuously move relative to the plane sample, and when the friction force between the rolling sample 114 and the plane sample 124 is greater than the friction force between the gradually increasing circular arc bulge 115 and the circular arc bulge 116, the rolling sample 114 and the plane sample 124 are converted into rolling friction again, so that the switching of rolling-sliding friction is achieved.
The fixture connector 11 is provided with a thread protrusion on each of three planes in the same circumferential direction, and the spherical sample fixture 111 and the rolling sample fixture 112 are connected with the fixture connector 11 through the thread protrusions.
The angle positioning plate 126 is arc-shaped, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the middle of the angle positioning plate 126, a positioning block 128 is connected to the arc-shaped groove in a sliding mode, the positioning block 128 is hinged to the angle adjusting platform 123, a sliding groove is formed in the screw sliding table 121, an angle adjusting screw 127 is connected to the sliding groove, and the positioning block 128 is connected with the angle adjusting screw 127 in a sliding mode. Since the angle positioning plate 126 is shaped like a circular arc, the horizontal position of the positioning block 128 may be changed when sliding, and thus the horizontal position of the angle adjusting screw 127 may also be changed along with the change of the position of the positioning block 128. The positioning block 128 is fixed to the angle adjustment screw 127 by tightening a bolt on the angle adjustment screw 127, so that the position of the positioning block 128 on the angle positioning plate 126 can be limited, and the purpose of adjusting the angle of the plane test piece 124 can be achieved.
The angle positioning plate 126 is provided with scales, so that the plane sample 124 can be adjusted to a required angle as required.
The transmission device comprises a coupler 4, a transmission shaft, an eccentric disc 6, a joint bearing 7 and an impact shaft 8 which are sequentially connected, two bearings 5 are arranged on the rack 1, the transmission shaft penetrates through the bearings 5 to be connected with the center of the eccentric disc 6, the edge of the eccentric disc 6 is connected with the upper end of the joint bearing 7, the lower end of the joint bearing 7 is connected with the upper end of the impact shaft 8, and the lower end of the impact shaft 8 is connected with a spring piece 10. The outside cover of impact shaft 8 is equipped with linear bearing 9, and linear bearing 9 is fixed on frame 1. The impact shaft 8 is internally hollow and provided with an internal thread, cooperating with a threaded rod 171 of the spring rate adjuster 17. The threaded rod 171 can be screwed into the inside of the impact shaft 8 to adjust the rigidity of the spring plate 10.
Set up workstation 16 on base 2, be provided with regulating plate 15 and T-slot 161 on the workstation 16, regulating plate 15 can slide on the direction of T-slot 161, be provided with bar hole 151 on regulating plate 15, bar hole 151 and T-slot 161 mutually perpendicular, be provided with T type bolt in the bar hole 151, the lower part of T type bolt is arranged in T-slot 161, elevating platform 14 and regulating plate 15 fixed connection. The elevating table 14 can slide on the adjusting plate 15 to change the position so that the flat sample 124 corresponds to the position of the spherical sample 113 or the rolling sample 114.
The spring rate adjuster 17 comprises a supporting block 172, a rotating block 173 is arranged in the supporting block 172, the rotating block 173 is rotatably connected with the supporting block 172, a threaded rod 171 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating block 173, and a handle 174 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating block 173. The threaded rod 171 can be driven to rotate by rotating the handle 174, and the threaded rod 171 is screwed into the cavity of the impact shaft 8 or screwed out of the cavity of the impact shaft 8 to drive the supporting block 172 to move up and down, so that the rigidity of the spring piece 10 can be adjusted. When the supporting block 172 reaches the lowermost position, the spring piece 10 cannot be deformed in the vertical direction due to the blocking of the supporting block 172, and the rigidity reaches the maximum.
The supporting blocks 172 are made of magnetic materials, and the rigidity of the spring plate 10 can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of the supporting blocks 172.
A telescopic device (not shown in the figure) is arranged between the circular arc protrusion 116 and the rolling sample clamp 112, and the circular arc protrusion 116 can extend out of or retract into the rolling sample clamp 112, so that the rolling sample 114 and the plane sample 124 can be switched between rolling friction and rolling-sliding friction.
In this embodiment, the telescopic device is a spring, the arc protrusion 116 is in a strip shape and is inserted into the rolling sample fixture 112, two positioning holes are arranged in the middle of the arc protrusion 116, a through hole is arranged on the side surface of the rolling sample fixture 112, a plug pin can be inserted into the through hole, and the through hole corresponds to the arc protrusion 116. When the arc protrusion 116 needs to be hidden, the plug pin is pulled out, the arc protrusion 116 is pressed, the positioning hole is aligned with the through hole in the side face of the rolling sample clamp 112, and then the plug pin is inserted. Similarly, the circular arc protrusion 116 may protrude from the surface of the rolling sample holder 112 and be fixed by a latch.
The multi-mode friction wear test method performed by adopting the test device comprises the following steps:
step [1] mounting a spherical sample clamp 111 or a rolling sample clamp 112 on a clamp connector 11, mounting a spherical sample 113 on the spherical sample clamp 111 or mounting a rolling sample 114 on the rolling sample clamp 112, and mounting a plane sample 124 on a plane sample clamp 125;
step [2] adjusting the spring stiffness adjuster 17 to change the stiffness of the spring piece 10 and adjust the angle of the plane sample 124;
step [3] adjusting the horizontal position of the lifting table 14, and adjusting the vertical position of the plane sample clamp 125 through the lifting table 14 to enable the spherical sample 113 or the rolling sample 114 to be in contact with the plane sample 124 at a proper position;
step [4] the driving device drives the spherical sample 113 or the rolling sample 114 to reciprocate up and down according to the set parameters through the transmission device;
and (5) the three-dimensional force sensor 13 measures the force borne by the plane sample 124, and sends the force to a data acquisition control system for analysis to obtain a friction coefficient-cycle time curve.
The following experiments can be performed by the above test method:
test one: impact friction wear test
The specific test steps are as follows:
step [1] mounting a spherical sample clamp 111 on a clamp connector 11, mounting a spherical sample 113 on the spherical sample clamp 111, and mounting a planar sample 124 on a planar sample clamp 125;
step [2] adjusting the spring stiffness adjuster 17 to enable the spring pieces 10 to become rigidly connected, and adjusting the angle adjusting platform 123 to enable the plane sample 124 to be in the horizontal direction;
step [3] adjusting the horizontal position of the lifting table 14 through the adjusting plate 15 and the working table 16, and adjusting the vertical position of the plane sample clamp 125 through the lifting table 14 to enable the spherical sample 113 to be in contact with the plane sample 124 at a proper position;
step [4] the motor 3 drives the spherical sample 113 to reciprocate up and down according to set parameters through the eccentric disc 6, the joint bearing 7, the impact shaft 8, the spring leaf 10, the clamp connector 11 and the spherical sample clamp 111 in sequence, and the plane sample 124 is impacted in a reciprocating manner;
and step [5] in the test process, the three-dimensional force sensor 13 connected with the plane sample clamp 125 measures the force borne by the plane sample 124, and sends the force to a data acquisition control system for analysis to obtain a friction coefficient-cycle number curve.
And (2) test II: sliding friction wear test
The specific test steps are as follows:
step [1] mounting a spherical sample clamp 111 on a clamp connector 11, mounting a spherical sample 113 on the spherical sample clamp 111, and mounting a planar sample 124 on a planar sample clamp 125;
step [2] adjusting the spring stiffness adjuster 17 to enable the spring pieces 10 to become rigidly connected, and adjusting the angle adjusting platform 123 to enable the plane sample 124 to be in the vertical direction;
step [3] adjusting the horizontal position of the lifting table 14 through the adjusting plate 15 and the working table 16, and adjusting the vertical position of the plane sample clamp 125 through the lifting table 14 to enable the spherical sample 113 to be in contact with the plane sample 124 at a proper position;
step [4] the motor 3 drives the spherical sample 113 to reciprocate up and down according to set parameters through the eccentric disc 6, the joint bearing 7, the impact shaft 8, the spring leaf 10, the clamp connector 11 and the spherical sample clamp 111 in sequence, and the planar sample 124 is subjected to reciprocating sliding friction;
and step [5] in the test process, the three-dimensional force sensor 13 connected with the plane sample clamp 125 measures the force borne by the plane sample 124, and sends the force to a data acquisition control system for analysis to obtain a friction coefficient-cycle number curve.
And (3) test III: rolling friction wear test
The specific test steps are as follows:
step [1] mounting a rolling sample clamp 112 on the clamp connector 11, mounting a rolling sample 114 on the rolling sample clamp 112, and mounting a plane sample 124 on a plane sample clamp 125;
step [2] adjusting the spring stiffness adjuster 17 to enable the spring pieces 10 to become rigidly connected, adjusting the angle adjusting platform 123 to enable the plane sample 124 to be in the vertical direction, and adjusting the telescopic device to enable the arc bulge 116 to retract;
step [3] adjusting the horizontal position of the lifting table 14 through the adjusting plate 15 and the working table 16, and adjusting the vertical position of the plane sample clamp 125 through the lifting table 14 to enable the rolling sample 114 to be in contact with the plane sample 124 at a proper position;
step [4] the motor 3 drives the rolling sample 114 to reciprocate up and down according to set parameters through the eccentric disc 6, the joint bearing 7, the impact shaft 8, the spring leaf 10, the clamp connector 11 and the rolling sample clamp 112 in sequence, and a reciprocating rolling friction test is carried out on the plane sample 124;
and step [5] in the test process, the three-dimensional force sensor 13 connected with the plane sample clamp 125 measures the force borne by the plane sample 124, and sends the force to a data acquisition control system for analysis to obtain a friction coefficient-cycle number curve.
And (4) testing: impact-sliding combined frictional wear test
The specific test steps are as follows:
step [1] mounting a spherical sample clamp 111 on a clamp connector 11, mounting a spherical sample 113 on the spherical sample clamp 111, and mounting a planar sample 124 on a planar sample clamp 125;
step [2] adjusting the spring stiffness adjuster 17 to enable the spring piece 10 to be capable of bending in the vertical direction, and adjusting the angle adjusting platform 123 to enable the plane sample 124 to have an inclined angle with the horizontal direction;
step [3] adjusting the horizontal position of the lifting table 14 through the adjusting plate 15 and the working table 16, and adjusting the vertical position of the plane sample clamp 125 through the lifting table 14 to enable the spherical sample 113 to be in contact with the plane sample 124 at a proper position;
step [4] the motor 3 drives the spherical sample 113 to reciprocate up and down according to set parameters through the eccentric disc 6, the joint bearing 7, the impact shaft 8, the spring leaf 10, the clamp connector 11 and the spherical sample clamp 111 in sequence, and a reciprocating impact-sliding composite friction test is carried out on the plane sample 124;
and step [5] in the test process, the three-dimensional force sensor 13 connected with the plane sample clamp 125 measures the force borne by the plane sample 124, and sends the force to a data acquisition control system for analysis to obtain a friction coefficient-cycle number curve.
And (5) testing: impact-rolling combined friction and wear test
The specific test steps are as follows:
step [1] mounting a rolling sample clamp 112 on the clamp connector 11, mounting a rolling sample 114 on the rolling sample clamp 112, and mounting a plane sample 124 on a plane sample clamp 125;
step [2] adjusting the spring stiffness adjuster 17 to enable the spring piece 10 to be bent in the vertical direction, adjusting the angle adjusting platform 123 to enable the plane sample 124 to have an inclined angle with the horizontal direction, and adjusting the telescopic device to enable the arc protrusion 116 to retract;
step [3] adjusting the horizontal position of the lifting table 14 through the adjusting plate 15 and the working table 16, and adjusting the vertical position of the plane sample clamp 125 through the lifting table 14 to enable the rolling sample 114 to be in contact with the plane sample 124 at a proper position;
step [4] the motor 3 drives the rolling sample 114 to do up-and-down reciprocating motion according to set parameters through the eccentric disc 6, the joint bearing 7, the impact shaft 8, the spring leaf 10, the clamp connector 11 and the rolling sample clamp 112 in sequence, and a reciprocating impact-rolling composite friction test is conducted on the plane sample 124;
and step [5] in the test process, the three-dimensional force sensor 13 connected with the plane sample clamp 125 measures the force borne by the plane sample 124, and sends the force to a data acquisition control system for analysis to obtain a friction coefficient-cycle number curve.
And (6) test six: sliding-rolling composite friction wear test
The specific test steps are as follows:
step [1] mounting a rolling sample clamp 112 on the clamp connector 11, mounting a rolling sample 114 on the rolling sample clamp 112, and mounting a plane sample 124 on a plane sample clamp 125;
step [2] adjusting the spring stiffness adjuster 17 to enable the spring strips 10 to become rigidly connected, adjusting the angle adjusting platform 123 to enable the plane sample 124 to be in a vertical direction, and adjusting the telescopic device to enable the arc protrusions 116 to protrude out of the surface of the rolling sample clamp 112;
step [3] adjusting the horizontal position of the lifting table 14 through the adjusting plate 15 and the working table 16, and adjusting the vertical position of the plane sample clamp 125 through the lifting table 14 to enable the rolling sample 114 to be in contact with the plane sample 124 at a proper position;
step [4] the motor 3 drives the rolling sample 114 to do up-and-down reciprocating motion according to set parameters through the eccentric disc 6, the joint bearing 7, the impact shaft 8, the spring leaf 10, the clamp connector 11 and the rolling sample clamp 112 in sequence, and a reciprocating sliding-rolling composite friction test is conducted on the plane sample 124;
and step [5] in the test process, the three-dimensional force sensor 13 connected with the plane sample clamp 125 measures the force borne by the plane sample 124, and sends the force to a data acquisition control system for analysis to obtain a friction coefficient-cycle number curve.
Test seven: impact-sliding-rolling composite frictional wear test
The specific test steps are as follows:
step [1] mounting a rolling sample clamp 112 on the clamp connector 11, mounting a rolling sample 114 on the rolling sample clamp 112, and mounting a plane sample 124 on a plane sample clamp 125;
step [2] adjusting the spring stiffness adjuster 17 to enable the spring piece 10 to be bent in the vertical direction, adjusting the angle adjusting platform 123 to enable the plane sample 124 to have an inclined angle with the horizontal direction, and adjusting the telescopic device to enable the arc bulge 116 to protrude out of the surface of the rolling sample clamp 112;
step [3] adjusting the horizontal position of the lifting table 14 through the adjusting plate 15 and the working table 16, and adjusting the vertical position of the plane sample clamp 125 through the lifting table 14 to enable the rolling sample 114 to be in contact with the plane sample 124 at a proper position;
step [4] the motor 3 drives the rolling sample 114 to do up-and-down reciprocating motion according to set parameters through the eccentric disc 6, the joint bearing 7, the impact shaft 8, the spring leaf 10, the clamp connector 11 and the rolling sample clamp 112 in sequence, and a reciprocating impact-sliding-rolling composite friction test is conducted on the plane sample 124;
and step [5] in the test process, the three-dimensional force sensor 13 connected with the plane sample clamp 125 measures the force borne by the plane sample 124, and sends the force to a data acquisition control system for analysis to obtain a friction coefficient-cycle number curve.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical idea of the present application, several changes and modifications can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-mode friction wear test device which is characterized in that: comprises a machine frame (1) and a base (2), wherein the upper part of the machine frame (1) is provided with a driving device and a transmission device, the transmission device is connected with a spring piece (10), the spring piece (10) is connected with a spring stiffness regulator (17), the lower end of the spring piece (10) is connected with a clamp connector (11), the clamp connector (11) is connected with a spherical sample clamp (111) or a rolling sample clamp (112), the rolling sample clamp (112) is connected with a rolling sample (114), two sides of the rolling sample (114) are provided with gradually-increased arc bulges (115), the rolling sample clamp (112) is provided with an arc bulge (116), the arc bulge (116) is tangent to the maximum outer edge of the gradually-increased arc bulge (115), the base (2) is provided with a lifting platform (14), and the lifting platform (14) is provided with a plane sample mechanism (12), be provided with three-dimensional force sensor (13) between elevating platform (14) and plane sample mechanism (12), plane sample mechanism (12) corresponds with the position of anchor clamps connector (11), plane sample mechanism (12) include screw rod slip table (121), be provided with plane sample anchor clamps (125) and angle locating plate (126) on screw rod slip table (121), plane sample anchor clamps (125) are used for centre gripping plane sample (124), plane sample anchor clamps (125) one end is connected with screw rod slip table (121) is articulated, the other end and angle locating plate (126) swing joint.
2. A multi-mode friction wear test device according to claim 1, wherein said clamp connector (11) is threadedly connected to said spherical sample clamp (111) and said rolling sample clamp (112).
3. The multi-mode friction wear test device according to claim 1, wherein the angle positioning plate (126) is arc-shaped, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the middle of the angle positioning plate (126), a positioning block (128) is slidably connected to the arc-shaped groove, the positioning block (128) is hinged to the plane sample clamp (125), an angle adjusting screw (127) is arranged on the screw sliding table (121), the angle adjusting screw (127) is slidably connected to the screw sliding table (121), and the positioning block (128) is slidably connected to the angle adjusting screw (127).
4. A multi-mode friction wear test device according to claim 3, wherein said angle positioning plate (126) is provided with graduations.
5. The multi-mode friction wear test device according to claim 1, wherein the transmission device comprises a coupler (4), a transmission shaft, an eccentric disc (6), a joint bearing (7) and an impact shaft (8) which are connected in sequence, the transmission shaft is connected with the center of the eccentric disc (6), the edge of the eccentric disc (6) is connected with the upper end of the joint bearing (7), the lower end of the joint bearing (7) is connected with the upper end of the impact shaft (8), and the lower end of the impact shaft (8) is connected with the spring piece (10).
6. A multi-mode friction wear test device according to claim 1, characterized in that a workbench (16) is arranged on the base (2), an adjusting plate (15) and a T-shaped groove (161) are arranged on the workbench (16), a strip-shaped hole (151) is arranged on the adjusting plate (15), the strip-shaped hole (151) is perpendicular to the T-shaped groove (161), a T-shaped bolt is arranged in the strip-shaped hole (151), the lower part of the T-shaped bolt is located in the T-shaped groove (161), and the lifting table (14) is fixedly connected with the adjusting plate (15).
7. A multi-mode friction wear test device according to claim 1, wherein the spring rate adjuster (17) comprises a supporting block (172), a rotating block (173) is arranged in the supporting block (172), the rotating block (173) is rotatably connected with the supporting block (172), a threaded rod (171) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the rotating block (173), and a handle (174) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the rotating block (173).
8. A multi-mode friction wear test device according to claim 7, wherein said support block (172) is of magnetic material.
9. A multi-mode friction wear test device according to claim 1, wherein the circular arc protrusion (116) is slidably connected with the rolling sample holder (112), and a telescopic device is arranged between the circular arc protrusion (116) and the rolling sample holder (112).
10. A multi-mode friction wear test method using the apparatus of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step [1] a spherical sample clamp (111) or a rolling sample clamp (112) is arranged on a clamp connector (11), a spherical sample (113) is arranged on the spherical sample clamp (111) or a rolling sample (114) is arranged on the rolling sample clamp (112), and a plane sample (124) is arranged on a plane sample clamp (125);
step [2] adjusting a spring stiffness adjuster (17) to change the stiffness of the spring piece (10) and adjust the angle of the plane sample (124);
step [3] adjusting the horizontal position of the lifting table (14), and adjusting the vertical position of the plane sample clamp (125) through the lifting table (14) to enable the spherical sample (113) or the rolling sample (114) to be in contact with the plane sample (124) at a proper position;
step [4] the driving device drives the spherical sample (113) or the rolling sample (114) to reciprocate up and down according to set parameters through a transmission device;
and (5) measuring the force borne by the plane sample (124) by the three-dimensional force sensor (13), sending the force to a data acquisition control system, and analyzing to obtain a friction coefficient-cycle time curve.
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| CN112255125A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2021-01-22 | 台州天君科技有限公司 | Service life testing machine for rubber mechanical matching part |
| CN114235616A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-03-25 | 艾瑞森表面技术（苏州）股份有限公司 | Coating testing equipment and coating testing method |
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