CN111153717A - Treatment method and strain for on-site treatment and reduction of kitchen waste - Google Patents
Treatment method and strain for on-site treatment and reduction of kitchen waste Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a treatment method and a strain for on-site treatment and reduction of kitchen waste, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (1) pretreating kitchen waste to remove substances which cannot be biodegraded; (2) mixing the pretreated kitchen garbage and the pretreated filler according to the volume ratio of 1-5: 1-5, adding the filler into a reaction bin container, wherein the filler pretreatment process comprises the following steps: adding tap water according to the mass ratio of 1-5:2-10, soaking for more than 24 hours, changing water for 1-2 times after 24 hours, adding citric acid or acetic acid according to 5-10 per mill of the mass of the added tap water in the soaking process, finally washing with tap water, starting a stirring device to stir for 5-10min, and adjusting the temperature to be more than 30 ℃; (3) adding a microbial inoculum which is 1-5 per mill of the mass of the kitchen waste into the mixture of the kitchen waste and the filler for organic component decomposition, uniformly mixing, and continuously decomposing for 24-72 hours; the method provided by the invention has the advantages of good treatment effect on the kitchen waste, high speed, reduction of the kitchen waste by more than 90%, and no odor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic solid waste resource utilization, in particular to a treatment method and a strain for on-site reduction of kitchen waste.
Background
In 2019, in 1 month, a ' no-waste city ' construction trial work scheme ' is published by office halls of state offices, and a city development mode which is led by a new development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing is promoted to form a green development mode and a life mode, so that the source reduction and resource utilization of solid wastes are continuously promoted, the landfill amount is reduced, and the environmental influence of the solid wastes is reduced to the minimum. And 18 th 3.2017, national institute office of China & lt 18 & gt Notification about implementation schemes of Forwarding, development and improvement Commission and Ministry of housing, urban and rural construction department, and domestic waste classification system. After that, each province and city area successively produces implementation methods or regulations for local garbage classification and treatment according to the national policy. The above sea garbage is classified as an example, domestic garbage is classified into four types of recoverable garbage, unrecoverable garbage, dry garbage and wet garbage, wherein the wet garbage mainly comprises kitchen garbage, the kitchen garbage itself is putrescible organic garbage, in the whole treatment process, foul smell is easily generated, a large amount of percolate is generated, flies and insects are bred, high oil and high salt are generated, a large amount of inflammable, explosive and toxic gas is generated under anaerobic conditions, and the environment is seriously polluted, so that the kitchen garbage is the most difficult part to treat in the whole solid waste treatment process, forced separation of sources, professional transportation vehicles and complex treatment processes are required, and if illegal treatment is adopted, the events such as 'swill water pig' and 'environmental pollution' are very easily generated! Reasonably, efficiently and safely solving the problem of perishable garbage pollution in the area.
The conventional treatment technology of the kitchen waste is divided into four types: the four treatment technologies have corresponding defects, such as difficult source collection, difficult transportation, unfavorable composting due to high oil and high salt content, feed homology problem, complex energy treatment process and higher cost, and particularly, the problem that how to collect and transport the garbage after the garbage classification at the source is the largest, and the garbage is difficult to collect and transport.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a treatment method for on-site treatment and reduction of kitchen waste.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a treatment method for on-site treatment and reduction of kitchen waste, which comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreating kitchen waste to remove substances which cannot be biodegraded;
(2) mixing the pretreated kitchen garbage and the pretreated filler according to the volume ratio of 1-5: 1-5, adding the filler into a reaction bin container, wherein the filler pretreatment process comprises the following steps: adding tap water according to the mass ratio of 1-5:2-10, soaking for more than 24 hours, changing water for 1-2 times after 24 hours, adding citric acid or acetic acid according to 5-10 per mill of the mass of the added tap water in the soaking process, finally washing with tap water, starting a stirring device to stir for 5-10min, and adjusting the temperature to be more than 30 ℃;
(3) adding a microbial inoculum which is 1-5 per mill of the mass of the kitchen waste into the mixture of the kitchen waste and the filler for organic component decomposition, uniformly mixing, and continuously decomposing for 24-72 hours;
wherein the microbial inoculum comprises one or more of lactobacillus, yeast, bacillus and fungi.
Wherein, the filler is replaced once in 3-6 months, and the substances which cannot be biodegraded comprise plastics, wooden products, metal products, pig bones, cattle bones, towels and the like; when the kitchen waste is treated by the method, after the kitchen waste is sorted, grease separation and solid-liquid separation are not needed, the kitchen waste is directly reacted from a feed inlet of a reaction bin, an automatic feeding mode or a manual mode can be adopted, the kitchen waste firstly contacts with a reaction bin body filler, the bin body filler is porous larch wood chips with large specific surface area, the wood chips are filled to 5-10 cm below a stirring shaft, after the kitchen waste contacts with the filler, the filler has corresponding water and oil absorption characteristics due to the porous and fibrous structure of the filler, so that water and grease components separated out from the waste are absorbed, then a dosing system and a stirring system are started simultaneously, the kitchen waste and the filler are uniformly mixed, the kitchen waste is divided into smaller individuals due to friction between the stirring and the filler, and a microbial inoculum sprayed by the dosing system is also fully contacted with the kitchen waste, the composite microbial preparation sprayed by the dosing system starts to propagate and metabolize in the bin body, as the strains in the composite microbial preparation come from a specific environment and have outstanding decomposition and utilization effects on organic components, a large amount of enzymes such as protease, amylase, lipase, cellulase and the like can be generated, the self propagation speed and the degradation speed are high, more than 90 percent of the organic components in the kitchen waste can be degraded into carbon dioxide, moisture and inorganic salt within 18 hours, a large amount of heat is generated, the temperature of the bin body is kept at more than 40 ℃ due to the propagation and metabolic activities of the microorganisms, the air humidity is kept at 100 percent, when the temperature of the bin body is more than or equal to 45 ℃, a stirring and gas circulating system is started, gas in a high-humidity and high-temperature bin is pumped out of the bin body by the gas circulating system, after treatment, harmless gas and condensed water are directly discharged, and the gas in the bin body is pumped out, because the bin is in a negative pressure state, the air inlet in the bin body is opened to supplement external air and recover the oxygen concentration in the bin body, the composite microorganisms continue to ferment under an aerobic environment to generate a large amount of heat to continue to degrade the kitchen waste, a large amount of fine organic particles and moisture are generated in the process, the organic particles and water with the diameter smaller than that of bin holes enter the collecting tank through the bin holes after the adsorption effect of fillers in the bin body, the particles with the water content of below 50 percent are formed after heating treatment and are collected to be used as organic fertilizer fermentation raw materials to be treated in the next step, because the composite microorganisms have good deodorization effect, no odor is generated in the whole process, the protein, starch and grease in the kitchen waste are finally degraded into carbon dioxide, water and organic particles within 24 hours, and the incompletely-degraded cellulose components continue to be left in the bin for degradation, finally, degradation was complete within 72 hours; the treatment method provided by the invention has good effect of treating kitchen garbage, and is specifically represented as follows: firstly, kitchen waste can be treated without oil separation; secondly, no odor is generated in the treatment process; more than 90% of the kitchen waste is decomposed into carbon dioxide and water, the amount of generated organic particles accounts for 5-10% of the weight of the kitchen waste before treatment, and the amount of the kitchen waste is reduced by more than 90%; fourthly, the treatment time is short, and after 18 hours, filler, residual cellulose and bones are discharged from the bin body without other residues; the invention can be used for timely and on-site treatment with dispersibility and small scale, reduces the source amount, and reduces the problems of peculiar smell, fly breeding, leachate and delayed treatment caused by large-scale collection, transportation and terminal treatment.
The further improvement is that the microbial inoculum comprises 40 to 50 percent of the agent A, 40 to 45 percent of the agent B, 0.0001 to 0.0005 percent of EDTA, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of Tween 80, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of AEO-9 and 14 to 16 percent of purified water;
the agent A comprises lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation liquor, streptococcus lactis fermentation liquor, beer yeast fermentation liquor and bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor in a mass ratio of 8-12:6-10:4-6: 18-22;
the agent B comprises pseudomonas aeruginosa fermentation liquor, bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor, bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor, bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor and mucor fermentation liquor in a mass ratio of 4-6:8-12:8-12:14-16: 1-3.
Further improvement, the preparation method of the microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
s1: inoculating specified amounts of lactobacillus, streptococcus lactis, beer yeast seed liquid and bacillus subtilis seed liquid into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation tank is a composite nutrient solution, the fermentation temperature is 28-32 ℃, anaerobic fermentation is carried out after aeration is carried out for 30 minutes, after mixed fermentation is carried out for 48 hours, when the pH of fermentation liquor is detected to be 3.0-4.0, an agent A is prepared, and the effective viable count of the agent A is 5-10 hundred million/ml;
s2: respectively inoculating specified amounts of pseudomonas aeruginosa seed liquid, bacillus pumilus seed liquid, bacillus megaterium seed liquid and mucor seed liquid to corresponding culture liquid seeds, carrying out aerobic fermentation in a fermentation tank independently, wherein the fermentation temperature is 35-40 ℃, the fermentation time is more than 18 hours, detecting the pH value of fermentation liquor, when the pH value is less than 6.5, detecting the viable count of the fermentation liquor, mixing the components in the fermented agent B according to a ratio, detecting that the effective viable counts of pseudomonas aeruginosa and bacillus amyloliquefaciens are more than or equal to 2 hundred million/ml, the effective viable counts of bacillus pumilus and bacillus megaterium are more than or equal to 1 hundred million/ml, and the effective viable counts of mucor are more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/ml, and preparing the agent B;
s3: mixing the agent A and the agent B with EDTA, Tween 80, AEO-9 and purified water, and standing at room temperature in dark place for more than 7 days to obtain the microbial inoculum.
The agent A is a compound fermentation product, the strain composition of the agent A is composed of microorganisms of different genera, and the agent A is prepared by screening and compounding lactic acid bacteria, yeast bacteria and bacillus, has no antagonism, and can jointly grow in the same environment to form a stable flora; the strains in the agent B consist of different bacilli, the growth speed is high, under the same environment, in the later growth stage, the different bacilli compete for nutrition among the same nutrient source in the growth environment, and metabolites of the bacilli mutually inhibit the growth of the other side, so that the bacilli are fermented independently; in the use environment, the kitchen waste is high in organic matter content and complex in components, the agent A can quickly improve the micro-ecological environment and provide a better growth environment for the agent B, and the use environment is sufficient in nutritional ingredients and large in growth space, so that various bacillus in the agent B can quickly degrade organic ingredients such as protein and starch to generate a large amount of heat, water and carbon dioxide, the kitchen waste is good in degradation effect, and the reduction is obvious.
In the further improvement, in the decomposition process of the organic components in the step (3), when the temperature in the sealed container rises to 40-44 ℃, stirring is started, the stirring speed is 5-25r/min, the stirring time is 10-20 minutes every 40-50 minutes, when the temperature in the sealed container rises to 45-50 ℃, high-humidity and high-temperature gas in the sealed container is discharged, external air is supplemented, when the temperature in the sealed container is higher than 50 ℃, a spraying system is started to spray tap water, and the spraying amount of the tap water is 0.5-1.5 times of the mass of kitchen garbage.
The invention reduces the temperature in the bin by spraying tap water, supplements the water lost in the filler and further improves the decomposition effect on the kitchen waste.
The invention also provides a microbial inoculum for on-site treatment and reduction of kitchen waste, which comprises 40 to 50 percent of agent A, 40 to 45 percent of agent B, 0.0001 to 0.0005 percent of EDTA, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of Tween 80, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of AEO-9 and 14 to 16 percent of purified water;
the agent A comprises lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation liquor, streptococcus lactis fermentation liquor, beer yeast fermentation liquor and bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor in a mass ratio of 8-12:6-10:4-6: 18-22;
the agent B comprises pseudomonas aeruginosa fermentation liquor, bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor, bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor, bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor and mucor fermentation liquor in a mass ratio of 4-6:8-12:8-12:14-16: 1-3.
The microbial inoculum provided by the invention has good decomposition effect on kitchen garbage, and is specifically represented as follows: firstly, kitchen waste can be treated without oil separation; secondly, no odor is generated in the treatment process; more than 90% of the kitchen waste is decomposed into carbon dioxide and water, the amount of generated organic particles accounts for 5-10% of the weight of the kitchen waste before treatment, and the amount of the kitchen waste is reduced by more than 90%; fourthly, the processing time is short.
Further improvement, the preparation method of the microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
s1: inoculating specified amounts of lactobacillus, streptococcus lactis, beer yeast seed liquid and bacillus subtilis seed liquid into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation tank is a composite nutrient solution, the fermentation temperature is 28-32 ℃, anaerobic fermentation is carried out after aeration is carried out for 30 minutes, after mixed fermentation is carried out for 48 hours, when the pH of fermentation liquor is detected to be 3.0-4.0, an agent A is prepared, and the effective viable count of the agent A is 5-10 hundred million/ml;
s2: respectively inoculating specified amounts of pseudomonas aeruginosa seed liquid, bacillus pumilus seed liquid, bacillus megaterium seed liquid and mucor seed liquid to corresponding culture liquid seeds, carrying out aerobic fermentation in a fermentation tank independently, wherein the fermentation temperature is 35-40 ℃, the fermentation time is more than 18 hours, detecting the pH value of fermentation liquor, when the pH value is less than 6.5, detecting the viable count of the fermentation liquor, mixing the components in the fermented agent B according to a ratio, detecting that the effective viable counts of pseudomonas aeruginosa and bacillus amyloliquefaciens are more than or equal to 2 hundred million/ml, the effective viable counts of bacillus pumilus and bacillus megaterium are more than or equal to 1 hundred million/ml, and the effective viable counts of mucor are more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/ml, and preparing the agent B;
s3: mixing the agent A and the agent B with EDTA, Tween 80, AEO-9 and purified water, and standing at room temperature in dark place for more than 7 days to obtain the microbial inoculum.
The invention also provides application of the microbial inoculum in on-site and quantitative reduction treatment of the kitchen waste. The treatment method and the microbial inoculum for on-site treatment and reduction of the kitchen waste have the following technical effects: firstly, kitchen waste can be treated without oil separation; secondly, no odor is generated in the treatment process; more than 90% of the kitchen waste is decomposed into carbon dioxide and water, the amount of generated organic particles accounts for 5-10% of the weight of the kitchen waste before treatment, and the amount of the kitchen waste is reduced by more than 90%; fourthly, the treatment time is short, and after 18 hours, filler, residual cellulose and bones are discharged from the bin body without other residues; the invention can be used for timely and on-site treatment with dispersibility and small scale, reduces the source amount, and reduces the problems of peculiar smell, fly breeding, leachate and delayed treatment caused by large-scale collection, transportation and terminal treatment.
Detailed Description
Example 1A microbial preparation
Embodiment 1 provides a microbial inoculum comprising 43gA agent, 42gB agent and 0.0003g EDTA, 0.1g Tween 80, 0.1g AEO-9 and 15g purified water;
the agent A comprises 10g of lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation liquor, 8g of streptococcus lactis fermentation liquor, 5g of beer yeast fermentation liquor and 20g of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor;
the agent B comprises 5g of pseudomonas aeruginosa fermentation liquor, 10g of bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor, 10g of bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor, 15g of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor and 2g of mucor fermentation liquor;
the preparation method of the microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
s1: inoculating specified amounts of lactobacillus, streptococcus lactis, beer yeast seed liquid and bacillus subtilis seed liquid into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation tank is a composite nutrient solution, the fermentation temperature is 28 ℃, anaerobic fermentation is carried out after 30 minutes of ventilation, after mixed fermentation is carried out for 48 hours, when the pH value of fermentation liquor is detected to be 3.0, an agent A is prepared, and the effective viable bacteria number of the agent A is detected to be 5.2 hundred million/ml;
s2: respectively inoculating specified amounts of pseudomonas aeruginosa seed liquid, bacillus pumilus seed liquid, bacillus megaterium seed liquid and mucor seed liquid to corresponding culture liquid seeds, carrying out aerobic fermentation in a fermentation tank independently, wherein the fermentation temperature is 35 ℃, the fermentation time is 19.5 hours, detecting the pH value of fermentation liquor, when the pH value is 6.3, detecting the viable count of the fermentation liquor, mixing the components in the fermented agent B according to a ratio, detecting that the effective viable counts of pseudomonas aeruginosa and bacillus amyloliquefaciens are more than or equal to 2 hundred million/ml, the effective viable counts of bacillus pumilus and bacillus megaterium are more than or equal to 1 hundred million/ml, and the effective viable counts of mucor are more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/ml, and preparing the agent B;
s3: mixing the agent A and the agent B with EDTA, Tween 80, AEO-9 and purified water, and standing at room temperature in dark for 7.5 days to obtain the final product.
Example 2A microbial preparation
Example 1 provides a microbial inoculum comprising 40g of agent a, 40g of agent B and 0.0001g of EDTA, 0.1g of tween 80, 0.1g of AEO-9 and 14g of purified water;
the agent A comprises 10g of lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation liquor, 8g of streptococcus lactis fermentation liquor, 4g of beer yeast fermentation liquor and 18g of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor;
the agent B comprises 5g of pseudomonas aeruginosa fermentation liquor, 10g of bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor, 9g of bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor, 14g of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor and 2g of mucor fermentation liquor;
the preparation method of the microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
s1: inoculating specified amounts of lactobacillus, streptococcus lactis, beer yeast seed liquid and bacillus subtilis seed liquid into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation tank is a composite nutrient solution, the fermentation temperature is 30 ℃, anaerobic fermentation is carried out after 30 minutes of ventilation, after mixed fermentation is carried out for 48 hours, and when the pH value of fermentation liquor is detected to be 3.5, an agent A is prepared, and the effective viable count of the agent A is 8.6 hundred million/ml;
s2: respectively inoculating specified amounts of pseudomonas aeruginosa seed liquid, bacillus pumilus seed liquid, bacillus megaterium seed liquid and mucor seed liquid to corresponding culture liquid seeds, carrying out aerobic fermentation in a fermentation tank independently, wherein the fermentation temperature is 38 ℃, the fermentation time is 20.5 hours, detecting the pH value of fermentation liquor, detecting the viable count of the fermentation liquor when the pH value is 6.2, mixing the components in the fermented agent B according to a ratio, detecting that the effective viable count of pseudomonas aeruginosa and bacillus amyloliquefaciens is more than or equal to 2 hundred million/ml, the effective viable count of bacillus pumilus and bacillus megaterium is more than or equal to 1 hundred million/ml, and the effective viable count of mucor is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/ml, and preparing the agent B;
s3: mixing the agent A and the agent B with EDTA, Tween 80, AEO-9 and purified water, and standing at room temperature in dark for 7 days to obtain the final product.
Example 3A microbial agent
Example 1 provides a microbial agent comprising 50g of the agent a, 45g of the agent B and 0.0005g of EDTA, 0.2g of tween 80, 0.2g of AEO-9 and 5g of purified water;
the agent A comprises 12g of lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation liquor, 10g of streptococcus lactis fermentation liquor, 6g of beer yeast fermentation liquor and 22g of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor;
the agent B comprises 5g of pseudomonas aeruginosa fermentation liquor, 11g of bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor, 11g of bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor, 16g of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor and 2g of mucor fermentation liquor;
the preparation method of the microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
s1: inoculating specified amounts of lactobacillus, streptococcus lactis, beer yeast seed liquid and bacillus subtilis seed liquid into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation tank is a composite nutrient solution, the fermentation temperature is 32 ℃, anaerobic fermentation is carried out after 30 minutes of ventilation, after mixed fermentation is carried out for 48 hours, and when the pH value of fermentation liquor is detected to be 4.0, an agent A is prepared, and the effective viable count of the agent A is 9.7 hundred million/ml;
s2: respectively inoculating specified amounts of pseudomonas aeruginosa seed liquid, bacillus pumilus seed liquid, bacillus megaterium seed liquid and mucor seed liquid to corresponding culture liquid seeds, carrying out aerobic fermentation in a fermentation tank independently, wherein the fermentation temperature is 40 ℃, the fermentation time is 23 hours, the pH value of fermentation liquor is detected, when the pH value is 6.1, the viable count of the fermentation liquor is detected, after all components in a fermented agent B are mixed according to a proportion, the effective viable count of pseudomonas aeruginosa and bacillus amyloliquefaciens is detected to be more than or equal to 2 hundred million/ml, the effective viable count of bacillus pumilus and bacillus megaterium is detected to be more than or equal to 1 hundred million/ml, and the effective viable count of mucor is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/ml, so as to prepare an agent B;
s3: mixing the agent A and the agent B with EDTA, Tween 80, AEO-9 and purified water, and standing at room temperature in dark place for more than 7 days to obtain the microbial inoculum.
Embodiment 4 kitchen waste treatment method
The embodiment provides a kitchen waste treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreating kitchen waste to remove substances which cannot be biodegraded;
(2) adding the pretreated kitchen waste and the pretreated filler into a reaction bin container according to the volume ratio of 5:1, wherein the pretreatment process of the filler is as follows: adding tap water according to the mass ratio of 5:2, soaking for more than 24 hours, changing water for 1 time after 24 hours, adding citric acid or acetic acid according to 5 per mill of the mass of the added tap water in the soaking process, finally washing with tap water, starting a stirring device to stir for 5min, and adjusting the temperature to be more than 30 ℃;
(3) adding a microbial inoculum which is 1 per mill of the mass of the kitchen waste into the mixture of the kitchen waste and the filler for organic component decomposition, uniformly mixing, and continuously decomposing for 72 hours;
in the organic component decomposition process in the step (3), when the temperature in the sealed container rises to 40 ℃, starting stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 5r/min, the stirring time is 10 minutes every 40 minutes, when the temperature in the sealed container rises to 45 ℃, high-humidity and high-temperature gas in the sealed container is discharged, outside air is supplemented, when the temperature in the sealed container is higher than 50 ℃, a spraying system is started to spray tap water, and the spraying amount of the tap water is 0.5 times of the mass of kitchen garbage;
the filler in this example is porous larch wood chips; the microbial inoculum in this example was prepared as in example 1.
Example 5 kitchen waste treatment method
The embodiment provides a kitchen waste treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreating kitchen waste to remove substances which cannot be biodegraded;
(2) mixing the pretreated kitchen garbage and the pretreated filler according to a volume ratio of 1:1, adding the filler into a reaction bin container, wherein the filler pretreatment process comprises the following steps: adding tap water according to the mass ratio of 3:7, soaking for more than 24 hours, changing water for 1 time after 24 hours, adding citric acid or acetic acid according to 8 per mill of the mass of the added tap water in the soaking process, finally washing with tap water, starting a stirring device to stir for 8min, and adjusting the temperature to be more than 30 ℃;
(3) adding a microbial inoculum which is 3 per mill of the mass of the kitchen waste into the mixture of the kitchen waste and the filler for organic component decomposition, uniformly mixing, and continuously decomposing for 72 hours;
in the organic component decomposition process in the step (3), when the temperature in the sealed container rises to 42 ℃, starting stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 15r/min, the stirring time is 15 minutes every 45 minutes, when the temperature in the sealed container rises to 48 ℃, high-humidity and high-temperature gas in the sealed container is discharged to supplement outside air, and when the temperature in the sealed container is higher than 50 ℃, a spraying system is started to spray tap water, wherein the spraying amount of the tap water is the same as the quality of kitchen garbage;
the filler in this example is porous larch wood chips; the microbial inoculum in this example was prepared by the method of example 2.
Embodiment 6 kitchen waste treatment method
The embodiment provides a kitchen waste treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreating kitchen waste to remove substances which cannot be biodegraded;
(2) adding the pretreated kitchen garbage and the pretreated filler into a reaction bin container according to the volume ratio of 1:5, wherein the filler pretreatment process comprises the following steps: adding tap water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, soaking for more than 24 hours, changing water for 2 times after 24 hours, adding citric acid or acetic acid according to 10 per mill of the mass of the added tap water in the soaking process, finally washing with tap water, starting a stirring device to stir for 10min, and adjusting the temperature to be more than 30 ℃;
(3) adding a microbial inoculum which is 5 per mill of the mass of the kitchen waste into the mixture of the kitchen waste and the filler for organic component decomposition, uniformly mixing, and continuously decomposing for 72 hours;
in the organic component decomposition process in the step (3), when the temperature in the sealed container rises to 44 ℃, starting stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 25r/min, the stirring time is 20 minutes every 50 minutes, when the temperature in the sealed container rises to 50 ℃, high-humidity and high-temperature gas in the sealed container is discharged, outside air is supplemented, when the temperature in the sealed container is higher than 50 ℃, a spraying system is started to spray tap water, and the spraying amount of the tap water is 1.5 times of the mass of the kitchen garbage;
the filler in this example is porous larch wood chips; the microbial inoculum in this example was prepared as in example 3.
Test example 1
45kg of kitchen waste in a canteen was collected and divided into three groups of 15kg each, and the groups were treated by the methods of examples 4 to 6, and after 72 hours of treatment of each group of kitchen waste, the weight of organic particles in the treated kitchen waste was measured, and the amount of kitchen waste reduced by the following formula (%) (weight before kitchen waste-weight of organic particles after treatment of kitchen waste)/weight before kitchen waste × 100%) was calculated, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 weight of organic particles in the treated kitchen waste of each group
As can be seen from table 1, when the method of examples 4 to 6 of the present invention is used to treat kitchen waste, more than 90% of the kitchen waste is decomposed into carbon dioxide and water, the amount of organic particles produced is 5 to 10% of the weight of the kitchen waste before treatment, the amount of the kitchen waste is reduced by more than 90%, and the kitchen waste can be treated without oil separation; no odor is generated in the treatment process; the treatment time is short, and after 18 hours, filler, residual cellulose and bones are discharged from the bin body without other residues; after 72 hours, incompletely degraded cellulosic components continue to be left in the silo for degradation.
Claims (8)
1. A treatment method for on-site treatment and reduction of kitchen waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreating kitchen waste to remove substances which cannot be biodegraded;
(2) mixing the pretreated kitchen garbage and the pretreated filler according to the volume ratio of 1-5: 1-5, adding the filler into a reaction bin container, wherein the filler pretreatment process comprises the following steps: adding tap water according to the mass ratio of 1-5:2-10, soaking for more than 24 hours, changing water for 1-2 times after 24 hours, adding citric acid or acetic acid according to 5-10 per mill of the mass of the added tap water in the soaking process, finally washing with tap water, starting a stirring device to stir for 5-10min, and adjusting the temperature to be more than 30 ℃;
(3) adding a microbial inoculum which is 1-5 per mill of the mass of the kitchen waste into the mixture of the kitchen waste and the filler for organic component decomposition, uniformly mixing, and continuously decomposing for 24-72 hours;
wherein the microbial inoculum comprises one or more of lactic acid bacteria, yeast, bacillus and fungi.
2. The method for the in-situ reduction of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that said filler is porous larch chips.
3. The method for the in-situ treatment and reduction of kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein said microbial inoculum comprises 40% -50% of agent A, 40% -45% of agent B and 0.0001% -0.0005% of EDTA, 0.1% -0.2% of Tween 80, 0.1% -0.2% of AEO-9 and 14% -16% of purified water;
the agent A comprises lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation liquor, streptococcus lactis fermentation liquor, beer yeast fermentation liquor and bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor in a mass ratio of 8-12:6-10:4-6: 18-22;
the agent B comprises pseudomonas aeruginosa fermentation liquor, bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor, bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor, bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor and mucor fermentation liquor in a mass ratio of 4-6:8-12:8-12:14-16: 1-3.
4. The on-site treatment method for kitchen waste and reduction according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
s1: inoculating specified amounts of lactobacillus, streptococcus lactis, beer yeast seed liquid and bacillus subtilis seed liquid into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation tank is a composite nutrient solution, the fermentation temperature is 28-32 ℃, anaerobic fermentation is carried out after aeration is carried out for 30 minutes, after mixed fermentation is carried out for 48 hours, when the pH of fermentation liquor is detected to be 3.0-4.0, an agent A is prepared, and the effective viable count of the agent A is 5-10 hundred million/ml;
s2: respectively inoculating specified amounts of pseudomonas aeruginosa seed liquid, bacillus pumilus seed liquid, bacillus megaterium seed liquid and mucor seed liquid to corresponding culture liquid seeds, carrying out aerobic fermentation in a fermentation tank independently, wherein the fermentation temperature is 35-40 ℃, the fermentation time is more than 18 hours, detecting the pH value of fermentation liquor, when the pH value is less than 6.5, detecting the viable count of the fermentation liquor, mixing the components in the fermented agent B according to a ratio, detecting that the effective viable counts of pseudomonas aeruginosa and bacillus amyloliquefaciens are more than or equal to 2 hundred million/ml, the effective viable counts of bacillus pumilus and bacillus megaterium are more than or equal to 1 hundred million/ml, and the effective viable counts of mucor are more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/ml, and preparing the agent B;
s3: mixing the agent A and the agent B with EDTA, Tween 80, AEO-9 and purified water, and standing at room temperature in dark place for more than 7 days to obtain the microbial inoculum.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the decomposition of organic components in step (3), when the temperature in the sealed container is raised to 40-44 ℃, stirring is started at a speed of 5-25r/min, the stirring time is 10-20 minutes every 40-50 minutes, when the temperature in the sealed container is raised to 45-50 ℃, high-humidity and high-temperature gas in the sealed container is discharged to supplement outside air, and when the temperature in the sealed container is higher than 50 ℃, a spraying system is started to spray tap water, wherein the spraying amount of the tap water is 0.5-1.5 times of the quality of the kitchen waste.
6. The microbial inoculum for on-site chemical treatment and reduction of kitchen waste is characterized by comprising 40% -50% of an agent A, 40% -45% of an agent B, 0.0001% -0.0005% of EDTA, 0.1% -0.2% of Tween 80, 0.1% -0.2% of AEO-9 and 14% -16% of purified water;
the agent A comprises lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation liquor, streptococcus lactis fermentation liquor, beer yeast fermentation liquor and bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor in a mass ratio of 8-12:6-10:4-6: 18-22;
the agent B comprises pseudomonas aeruginosa fermentation liquor, bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor, bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor, bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor and mucor fermentation liquor in a mass ratio of 4-6:8-12:8-12:14-16: 1-3.
7. The microbial inoculum of claim 6, which is prepared by a method comprising:
s1: inoculating specified amounts of lactobacillus, streptococcus lactis, beer yeast seed liquid and bacillus subtilis seed liquid into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation tank is a composite nutrient solution, the fermentation temperature is 28-32 ℃, anaerobic fermentation is carried out after aeration is carried out for 30 minutes, after mixed fermentation is carried out for 48 hours, when the pH of fermentation liquor is detected to be 3.0-4.0, an agent A is prepared, and the effective viable count of the agent A is 5-10 hundred million/ml;
s2: respectively inoculating specified amounts of pseudomonas aeruginosa seed liquid, bacillus pumilus seed liquid, bacillus megaterium seed liquid and mucor seed liquid to corresponding culture liquid seeds, carrying out aerobic fermentation in a fermentation tank independently, wherein the fermentation temperature is 35-40 ℃, the fermentation time is more than 18 hours, detecting the pH value of fermentation liquor, when the pH value is less than 6.5, detecting the viable count of the fermentation liquor, mixing the components in the fermented agent B according to a ratio, detecting that the effective viable counts of pseudomonas aeruginosa and bacillus amyloliquefaciens are more than or equal to 2 hundred million/ml, the effective viable counts of bacillus pumilus and bacillus megaterium are more than or equal to 1 hundred million/ml, and the effective viable counts of mucor are more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/ml, and preparing the agent B;
s3: mixing the agent A and the agent B with EDTA, Tween 80, AEO-9 and purified water, and standing at room temperature in dark place for more than 7 days to obtain the microbial inoculum.
8. The use of the microbial inoculum according to claim 6 or 7 in the in-situ and quantitative reduction treatment of kitchen waste.
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| CN112462006A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-09 | 扬州鑫威环保生物科技有限公司 | Experiment method for culturing biological agent for kitchen waste treatment |
| CN112718803A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-30 | 天津市工业微生物研究所有限公司 | On-site rapid kitchen waste treatment process |
| CN112792092A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-05-14 | 青岛尚德生物技术有限公司 | Application of lactobacillus paradisi in preparation of microbial agent for degrading kitchen waste |
| CN113512507A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-10-19 | 上海艾尔天合环境科技有限公司 | Composite microbial preparation for degrading kitchen garbage and preparation device |
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| CN104529568A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-04-22 | 南开大学 | Method for processing kitchen waste by virtue of microbial technique |
| CN109438135A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-08 | 武汉绿农瑞益生物科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112462006A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-09 | 扬州鑫威环保生物科技有限公司 | Experiment method for culturing biological agent for kitchen waste treatment |
| CN112792092A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-05-14 | 青岛尚德生物技术有限公司 | Application of lactobacillus paradisi in preparation of microbial agent for degrading kitchen waste |
| CN112718803A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-30 | 天津市工业微生物研究所有限公司 | On-site rapid kitchen waste treatment process |
| CN113512507A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-10-19 | 上海艾尔天合环境科技有限公司 | Composite microbial preparation for degrading kitchen garbage and preparation device |
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