CN111151747A - Gradient performance forming design method for selective laser melting - Google Patents
Gradient performance forming design method for selective laser melting Download PDFInfo
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- CN111151747A CN111151747A CN201911417895.8A CN201911417895A CN111151747A CN 111151747 A CN111151747 A CN 111151747A CN 201911417895 A CN201911417895 A CN 201911417895A CN 111151747 A CN111151747 A CN 111151747A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a gradient performance forming design method for selective laser melting, which comprises the following steps: establishing a part model; carrying out local lightweight on the part model; establishing a performance requirement-parameter set according to the part model; according to the performance requirement-parameter set, performing performance requirement decomposition on the part model, wherein the performance of different parts of the part model adopts corresponding selective laser melting process parameters; and manufacturing, forming and post-processing the part model by adopting corresponding selective laser melting process parameters according to the local lightweight result and the performance of different parts of the part model. The invention defines the process flow for redesigning and manufacturing the part with the gradient performance by utilizing selective laser melting, realizes the purpose of meeting the special performance requirements of each part of the part through metal additive manufacturing, improves the performance utilization rate of the material, fully exerts the performance of each part of the part and has good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention belongs to the field of additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a gradient performance forming design method for selective laser melting.
Background
Additive manufacturing techniques are described with respect to conventional subtractive manufacturing. The traditional manufacturing has the advantages of high processing precision, mass production and the like, but is not suitable for manufacturing complex parts, and the technical procedures of the manufacturing process are complicated. The selective laser melting technology is one of additive manufacturing technologies, and is based on the principle of discrete slicing and superposition forming, metal powder is used as a raw material, laser is used as an energy source, scanning is carried out according to a layered model, a substrate descends by a certain height every time a layer is scanned, and parts are formed repeatedly. However, each part of the component manufactured by the additive manufacturing is processed according to the same process parameter, and different performance requirements of each part of the component are difficult to meet, which also affects the wide application of the additive manufacturing.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to solve the problem of excess material performance in the field of additive manufacturing, and provides a gradient performance forming design method for selective laser melting.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the embodiment of the invention provides a gradient performance forming design method for selective laser melting, which comprises the following steps:
establishing a part model;
carrying out local lightweight on the part model;
establishing a performance requirement-parameter set according to the part model;
according to the performance requirement-parameter set, performing performance requirement decomposition on the part model, wherein the performance of different parts of the part model adopts corresponding selective laser melting process parameters;
and manufacturing, forming and post-processing the part model by adopting corresponding selective laser melting process parameters according to the local lightweight result and the performance of different parts of the part model.
Further, establishing a set of performance requirements-parameters, wherein the performance requirements include strength performance requirements, wear resistance performance requirements, and cavitation erosion resistance performance requirements; the parameter sets comprise a technological parameter package 1, a technological parameter package 2 and a technological parameter package 3, the parameter set matched with the strength performance requirement is the technological parameter package 1, the parameter set matched with the wear resistance performance requirement is the technological parameter package 2, and the parameter set matched with the cavitation erosion resistance performance requirement is the technological parameter package 3.
Furthermore, the process parameter package 1 adopts the laser power of 180-.
Furthermore, the process parameter package 2 adopts the laser power of 250-.
Furthermore, the process parameter package 3 adopts the laser power of 160-.
Furthermore, the different parts comprise a stress part, a movable contact part and a flow state mutation part which are used as stress concentration parts and need strength performance; as the moving contact portion, abrasion resistance is required; as the flow state mutation site, cavitation erosion resistance is required.
Further, the process parameters of the different parts are given according to the required performance requirements.
Furthermore, the manufacturing and forming process includes the steps that supporting automatic generation is carried out on the built model through SLM forming equipment matched software Magics, and distribution, types and thickness of the supporting are adjusted manually; the post-processing operation refers to wire electrical discharge machining, machining of a mounting threaded hole and adjustment of the roughness of an assembly surface.
Further, in the step (1), the part model is partially lightened by using topology optimization, and lattice filling is adopted.
Further, the method also comprises quality detection and performance test of the formed part, wherein the quality detection and performance test of the formed part refer to mechanical property test and frictional wear and cavitation test.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that the gradient functional forming of the part is realized, the performance of each part is obviously improved, the function of each part is fully exerted, the light weight of the part is realized, the mechanical property, the high friction and wear resistance and the cavitation erosion resistance are improved, and the application prospect is wide.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for designing a gradient profile for selective laser melting according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a part;
fig. 3 is an isometric view of a lattice structure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the following description of the present application will be made in detail and completely with reference to the embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the gradient property forming design method for selective laser melting provided by the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes the following steps.
Step one, establishing a part model, as shown in fig. 2, wherein the part is in a hexahedral structure, and a flow channel is arranged in the middle.
And secondly, carrying out local light weight on the part model, and adopting the steps can obviously reduce the weight of the part without influencing the stress condition of the part, thereby saving materials and realizing light weight. As shown in fig. 2, the middle portion 3 can be filled with a lattice structure by using topology optimization and partial lightweight design. As shown in fig. 3, the lattice structure is a body-centered cubic lattice structure.
Step three, establishing a performance-parameter set according to the part model, wherein the performance requirements comprise strength performance, wear resistance and cavitation erosion resistance; the parameter set comprises a process parameter packet 1, a process parameter packet 2, a process parameter packet 3 and a process parameter packet 4. The establishment of the performance-parameter set provides a reference index for design and process personnel, and avoids the loss of time and economy caused by continuous trial and error in the design and manufacturing process. As shown in fig. 1, the performance-parameter sets correspond to each other, facilitating the subsequent selection of appropriate process parameters according to different performance requirements.
And fourthly, decomposing the performance requirements of the part model according to the performance requirement-parameter set, wherein the performance of different parts of the part model adopts corresponding selective laser melting process parameters. As a stress concentration part, the strength performance is required, as a moving contact part, the wear resistance is required, as a flowing state mutation part, the cavitation erosion resistance is required; the process parameters of the different parts are given according to the required performance requirements. The performance of each part of the part is used as a reference index for design, so that the performance of the part can be prevented from being excessive, and the service life of the part is prolonged. As shown in fig. 2, the portion 1 has a requirement for wear resistance, and a certain parameter in the process parameter package 2 can be selected, for example, the laser power is 250w, the scanning speed is 880mm/s, the spot diameter is 70 μm, the exposure time is 55 μ s, the scanning interval is 120 μm, and the layer thickness is 60 μm; the part 2 has the requirement of cavitation erosion resistance, and can select certain parameters in the process parameter package 3, such as 180w of laser power, 700mm/s of scanning speed, 70 μm of spot diameter, 110 μ s of exposure time, 85 μm of scanning interval and 35 μm of layer thickness; the part 4 has strength performance requirement, and can select certain parameter from the process parameter package 1, the laser power is 200w, the scanning speed is 800mm/s, the spot diameter is 70 μm, the exposure time is 85 μ s, the scanning interval is 100 μm, and the layer thickness is 50 μm.
And fifthly, manufacturing, forming and post-processing the part model by adopting corresponding selective laser melting process parameters according to the local lightweight result and the performance of different parts of the part model. Supporting and automatically generating the built model by using SLM forming equipment matched software Magics, and manually adjusting the distribution, type and thickness of the support; the post-processing operation refers to wire-cut electric discharge machining, threaded hole machining and mounting surface roughness adjustment.
And step six, quality detection and performance test of the formed part, namely mechanical performance test and frictional wear and cavitation erosion test. By adopting the step, inferior products can be detected, and reference is provided for further optimization. The mechanical property test mainly comprises hardness, tensile strength and torsional strength. The frictional wear experiment adopts a frictional wear experiment machine, and the cavitation experiment adopts an ultrasonic vibration system.
The invention realizes the gradient functional forming of parts, obviously improves the performance of each part, fully plays the role of each part, realizes the light weight of the parts, improves the mechanical property, the high friction and wear performance and the cavitation erosion resistance, and has wide application prospect.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent modifications made by the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A gradient performance forming design method of selective laser melting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a part model;
carrying out local lightweight on the part model;
establishing a performance requirement-parameter set according to the part model;
according to the performance requirement-parameter set, performing performance requirement decomposition on the part model, wherein the performance of different parts of the part model adopts corresponding selective laser melting process parameters;
and manufacturing, forming and post-processing the part model by adopting corresponding selective laser melting process parameters according to the local lightweight result and the performance of different parts of the part model.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the set of performance requirements-parameter sets-are established, wherein the performance requirements include strength performance requirements, wear resistance performance requirements, and cavitation erosion resistance performance requirements; the parameter sets comprise a technological parameter package 1, a technological parameter package 2 and a technological parameter package 3, the parameter set matched with the strength performance requirement is the technological parameter package 1, the parameter set matched with the wear resistance performance requirement is the technological parameter package 2, and the parameter set matched with the cavitation erosion resistance performance requirement is the technological parameter package 3.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the process parameter package 1 is selected from 180-220w with laser power, scanning speed is selected from 750-800mm/s, spot diameter is 70 μm, exposure time is selected from 70-90 μ s, scanning distance is selected from 90-110 μm, and layer thickness is selected from 40-60 μm.
4. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the process parameter package 2 is selected from a laser power of 250-300w, a scanning speed of 850-900mm/s, a spot diameter of 70 μm, an exposure time of 40-60 μ s, a scanning distance of 120-150 μm, and a layer thickness of 60-70 μm.
5. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the process parameter package 3 is selected from 160-250w with laser power, the scanning speed is selected from 650-750mm/s, the spot diameter is 70 μm, the exposure time is selected from 100-120 μ s, the scanning distance is selected from 80-90 μm, and the layer thickness is selected from 30-40 μm.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the different portions include a force-receiving portion, a moving contact portion, and a flow-state transition portion, which are stress-concentrated portions and require strength properties; as the moving contact portion, abrasion resistance is required; as the flow state mutation site, cavitation erosion resistance is required.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process parameters of the different parts are given according to the required performance requirements.
8. The gradient performance forming design method of selective laser melting according to claim 1, wherein the manufacturing forming is automatic generation of supporting the built model by using software Magics matched with the SLM forming equipment, and manual adjustment of distribution, type and thickness of the supporting; the post-processing operation refers to wire electrical discharge machining, machining of a mounting threaded hole and adjustment of the roughness of an assembly surface.
9. The method for gradient performance forming design of selective laser melting as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (2), the part model is partially lightened by topology optimization and is filled by lattice.
10. The method for designing the gradient performance forming of the selective laser melting according to claim 1, further comprising quality detection and performance test of a formed part, wherein the quality detection and performance test of the formed part are mechanical performance test and friction wear and cavitation erosion experiment.
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| CN201911417895.8A CN111151747A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Gradient performance forming design method for selective laser melting |
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| CN201911417895.8A CN111151747A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Gradient performance forming design method for selective laser melting |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114619047A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-06-14 | 国营芜湖机械厂 | Manufacturing method of rubber piston rod mold of opening mechanism |
| CN117001289A (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-11-07 | 西安交通大学 | Composite process and system for preparing special-shaped micro-channel plate heat exchanger |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114619047A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-06-14 | 国营芜湖机械厂 | Manufacturing method of rubber piston rod mold of opening mechanism |
| CN117001289A (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-11-07 | 西安交通大学 | Composite process and system for preparing special-shaped micro-channel plate heat exchanger |
| CN117001289B (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2024-05-03 | 西安交通大学 | Composite process and system for preparing special-shaped micro-channel plate heat exchanger |
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Application publication date: 20200515 |