CN107097036A - Metal parts restorative procedure based on increase and decrease material manufacture - Google Patents

Metal parts restorative procedure based on increase and decrease material manufacture Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107097036A
CN107097036A CN201710371309.5A CN201710371309A CN107097036A CN 107097036 A CN107097036 A CN 107097036A CN 201710371309 A CN201710371309 A CN 201710371309A CN 107097036 A CN107097036 A CN 107097036A
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parts
processing
electron beam
damaged
increase
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CN201710371309.5A
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CN107097036B (en
Inventor
汪焰恩
张坤
魏庆华
杨明明
柴卫红
李欣培
王淑志
车煜
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Xi'an Bone Biological Technology Co ltd
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Northwestern Polytechnical University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P6/00Restoring or reconditioning objects
    • B23P6/04Repairing fractures or cracked metal parts or products, e.g. castings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K15/00Electron-beam welding or cutting
    • B23K15/0033Preliminary treatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K15/00Electron-beam welding or cutting
    • B23K15/0046Welding
    • B23K15/0086Welding welding for purposes other than joining, e.g. built-up welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K15/00Electron-beam welding or cutting
    • B23K15/06Electron-beam welding or cutting within a vacuum chamber

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of metal parts restorative procedure based on increase and decrease material manufacture, the technical problem low for solving existing metal parts restorative procedure stock utilization.Technical scheme is to be obtained first by 3-D scanning after model three-dimensional data to be repaired, parts depreciation part is carried out to subtract material processing, pass through High Speed Dry Cutting wearing part, obtain the surface of rule, then material technique is increased by electron beam fuse and carries out increasing material manufacturing, the deposition for completing part increases material repair process, while being processed using High Speed Dry Cutting processing to piece surface, obtains the higher repair member of surface quality.Present invention, avoiding the clamping of script workpiece in multi-platform processing with picking and placeing the brought accumulation of error, while solving the interference problem for subtracting the appearance of material process of parts with complex structures so that the mechanicalness of damaged parts reaches the level of normal part.Repair process of the present invention is carried out under vacuum conditions, and the clamping for workpiece is only needed to once, and stock utilization is high.

Description

Metal parts restorative procedure based on increase and decrease material manufacture
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal parts restorative procedure, more particularly to a kind of metal parts based on increase and decrease material manufacture Restorative procedure.
Background technology
As space technology development and the lifting of space station construction speed are, it is necessary to improve rocket carrying capacity, a new generation pushes away greatly Power liquid oxygen/kerosene rocket engine is the core component of whole rocket manufacture, and turbine pump leaf dish is key component therein.Turbine pump The working environment of leaf dish is extremely severe, and its traditional processing method generally combines manual polishing, processing using smart type casting moulding in addition Efficiency is low, surface quality uniformity is poor, under arms during crack, wear and tear and pit, so as to produce very serious Accident.Part repair is especially significant in aviation field.
In increasing material manufacturing, electron beam fuse deposition Rapid Manufacturing Technology is that a kind of typical hardware high energy beam is quick Manufacturing technology, compared to other high energy beam Rapid Manufacturing Technologies, be conducive to part to protect with manufacture efficiency height, vacuum environment, Internal soundness is good and can realize the advantages such as multi-functional processing.
Document 1 " application publication number is CN105499904 Chinese invention patent " is disclosed one kind and repaiied based on laser melting coating Multiple increase and decrease material manufacture device and its method, advanced laser melting and coating technique are influenceed by artificial and environment than larger, and it is logical The method processed frequently with flood cutting abrasion face, waste of materials, and easily cause the accumulation of heat significantly, so as to cause crackle Generation and stress concentration.At present, the country has been furtherd investigate in electron beam increases material manufacturing technology, is processed using the technology Part machinery performance is higher than casting, and close to forging level, stock utilization is up to absolutely, for expensive rare metal material For material, cost can be substantially reduced.But because the Part Surface Roughness and dimensional accuracy of manufacture are poor, still need to machining side Method ensures that surface roughness and dimensional accuracy reach design requirement.
Document 2 " application publication number is CN105904151 Chinese invention patent " disclose it is a kind of based on pulse welding and The thin-wall part combined-repair method that laser gain material is repaired, this method obtains the surface matter of part after being repaired by laser gain material Amount can not reach very high required precision with dimensional accuracy.Subtract material manufacture in, the High Speed Dry Cutting technology used make by The integrality of processing part is improved, and improves the surface quality and fatigue resistance of part, by controlling cutting speed, in addition Inner-cooled cutter takes away cutting temperature to realize the vacuum dry cutting of high temperature alloy.
In part repair process, add drop manufacture process is combined with metal electron beam fuse technique, and uses In aerospace manufacturing industry, the technology not only increases the utilization rate of material, it is possible to reduce the use of cutting fluid, widens products material The range of work.Moreover, this technique avoids the clamping of script workpiece in multi-platform processing with picking and placeing the brought accumulation of error, While solving the interference problem for subtracting the appearance of material process of parts with complex structures so that mechanical performance swashs higher than current more maturation Light constituency add drop material manufacturing technology, repairing return-to-zero part aspect of performance technology has big advantage.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of that existing metal parts restorative procedure stock utilization is low, the present invention provides a kind of based on increase and decrease The metal parts restorative procedure of material manufacture.This method is obtained after model three-dimensional data to be repaired by 3-D scanning first, to zero Part wearing part carries out subtracting material processing, i.e., by High Speed Dry Cutting wearing part, obtain the surface of rule, then pass through electronics Beam fuse increases material technique and carries out increasing material manufacturing, and the deposition for completing part increases material repair process, while being added using High Speed Dry Cutting Work is processed to piece surface, obtains the higher repair member of surface quality.Present invention, avoiding script in multi-platform processing The clamping of workpiece is with picking and placeing the brought accumulation of error, while the interference for subtracting the appearance of material process for solving parts with complex structures is asked Topic so that the mechanicalness of damaged parts reaches the level of normal part.Repair process is carried out under vacuum conditions, for workpiece Clamping is only needed to once, and stock utilization is high.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:A kind of metal parts based on increase and decrease material manufacture is repaiied Compound method, is characterized in comprising the following steps:
Step 1: removing oxide film dissolving to the polishing of damaged parts surface, dried after being cleaned with acetone, and carried out to forming chamber Vacuumize, vacuum is reached 10-3Pa ranks;
Step 2: the increase and decrease material that workbench in vacuum chamber is fixed on after the damaged parts clamping that step one is handled is consolidated Determine in mechanism;
Step 3: using lossless scanning techniques, damaged parts being scanned with determination damaged part border, cutting mould is set up Type simultaneously plans cutting path.
Step 4: the driving of slide unit drive rod subtracts material Modular tool and is moved on the main machined surface of the damaged part of damaged parts Side;
Part undamaged portion is cut off Step 5: subtracting material processing method by DRY CUTTING, processing uses inner-cooled Cutter, processing relevant parameter is:It is 4 °~6 ° to cut anterior angle adjustable range, and cutting speed adjustable range is 1~20m/min;
Step 6: reusing lossless scanning technique, the gained entity component of establishment step five is three-dimensional several on computers What model, obtains computer slice of data, according to three-dimensional parameter planning electron beam scanning path;It will be subtracted by step 5 after material The three-dimensional data of part is contrasted with intact part three-dimensional data, carries out Boolean calculation, is subtracted each other and is obtained damaged parts and subtracted The threedimensional model of material part simultaneously carries out slicing treatment, cooks up electron beam and increases material path.
It is moved to Step 7: the driving of slide unit drive rod increases material electron beam emitter above main machined surface;
Step 8: increasing the path planned according to step 6 of material formation system successively accumulates material, when printing to design thickness Stop increasing material manufacturing after model;
It is moved to Step 9: the driving of slide unit drive rod subtracts material Modular tool above main machined surface;
Parts profile is carried out according to part geometry data to subtract material processing Step 10: subtracting material manufacture module drive cutter head, it is right Complicated duct, curved surface are carried out subtracting material processing and are surface-treated, and reach higher dimensional accuracy and high surface smoothness;
It is moved to Step 11: the driving of slide unit drive rod increases material electron beam emitter above main machined surface, continues next layer Increasing material process;
Step 12: repeat step eight, nine, ten and 11, until part defect part is all machined.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:This method is obtained after model three-dimensional data to be repaired by 3-D scanning first, right Parts depreciation part carries out subtracting material processing, i.e., by High Speed Dry Cutting wearing part, obtain the surface of rule, then pass through electricity Beamlet fuse increases material technique and carries out increasing material manufacturing, and the deposition for completing part increases material repair process, while utilizing High Speed Dry Cutting Processing is processed to piece surface, obtains the higher repair member of surface quality.Present invention, avoiding script in multi-platform processing When workpiece clamping with pick and place the brought accumulation of error, while solve parts with complex structures subtract material process appearance interference ask Topic so that the mechanicalness of damaged parts reaches the level of normal part.Repair process is carried out under vacuum conditions, for workpiece Clamping is only needed to once, and stock utilization is high.
(1) compared with other high energy beam currents increase material technology, it is high in manufacture that electron beam fuse deposition rapid forming increases material technology There is prominent advantage in terms of warm metal structure:The technique is formed the material into, process and heat treatment process unified, with power Greatly, sweep speed is fast, beam spot is small, precision is high, capacity usage ratio is high and the free of contamination feature of processing environment vacuum, material it is micro- Seeing institutional framework has very strong controllability.
(2) subtract material processing and use High Speed Dry Cutting technology, by the use of inner-cooled cutter, make it empty in vacuum sealing Between in avoid the use of cutting fluid, protect processing environment, it is to avoid pollution;The radiation of inner-cooled cutter and processing space simultaneously Heat dissipation technology can take away cutting temperature to realize the vacuum dry cutting of high temperature alloy;
(3) groove, convex shoulder and complicated inner flow passage in the part of free form surface and complicated form, such as part is repaired The machining interference phenomenon that occurs in traditional handicraft is prevented effectively from Deng, increase and decrease material integration manufacture, and two kinds of process advantage complementations can be with Realize that complicated the efficient of space flight parts, high accuracy, high-fatigue strength personalized customization fast precise are repaired.
(4) all Repair gene processes are completed on same a machine tool, it is to avoid the workpiece in multi-platform processing originally The brought accumulation of error is clamped and picked and placeed, the accuracy of manufacture and production efficiency is improved, while workshop space is also saved, reduction system Cause this.
This method is that a kind of intelligence degree is high, with quick, convenient, it is possible to achieve the features such as part repairs quick manufacture Increase and decrease material complex repairation part method, it is to be compared at present that electron beam fuse metal forming equipment and Dry-cutting, which are equipped, Comprehensive and advanced equipment combination, it is ensured that crudy and surface accuracy.
The present invention is elaborated with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment
Metal parts restorative procedure of the present invention based on increase and decrease material manufacture is comprised the following steps that:
TC4 titanium alloy components are repaired, the TC4 titanium alloy components size is 300mm × 200mm × 200mm, is damaged Portion size is 50mm × 40mm × 50mm.
Step 1: oxide film dissolving is gone to the polishing of TC4 titanium alloy components surface, cleaned with acetone, dried, and to forming chamber Vacuumize process is carried out, vacuum is reached 10-3Pa ranks;
Step 2: workbench in vacuum chamber will be fixed on after the impaired TC4 titanium alloy components clamping that step one is handled Increase and decrease material fixed mechanism on;
Step 3: using lossless scanning technique, determination damaged part border is scanned to impaired TC4 parts, and in meter Calculation machine sets up cutting Model and plans cutting path.
Step 4: the driving of slide unit drive rod subtracts material Modular tool and is moved on the main machined surface of the damaged part of damaged parts Side;
Step 5: subtracting material by DRY CUTTING processes part undamaged portion, machine away 50mm × 40mm × 50mm and be damaged portion Point, and obtain the surface of rule, making its dimensional accuracy reach 0.5mm.Carry out subtracting material processing by inner-cooled cutter, cut anterior angle Adjustable range is 4 °~6 °, and cutting speed adjustable range is 1~20m/min;
Step 6: reusing lossless scan method, the gained entity component of establishment step five is three-dimensional several on computers What model, obtains computer slice of data, according to three-dimensional parameter planning electron beam scanning path;It will be subtracted by step 5 after material The three-dimensional data of part is contrasted with intact part three-dimensional data, carries out Boolean calculation, is subtracted each other and is obtained damaged parts and subtracted The threedimensional model of material part simultaneously carries out slicing treatment, cooks up electron beam and increases material path.(the complete part of note is model 1, subtracts material Damaged parts afterwards are model 2, after Boolean calculation for model 3)
It is moved to Step 7: the driving of slide unit drive rod increases material electron beam emitter above main machined surface;
Successively swept in high-quality surface obtained by step 5 (ten) according to the profile traces of model 3 Step 8: increasing material formation system Retouch accumulation material, electronic beam current sweep speed value is that 40mm/s, electron beam current adjustable range are 4.5mA, Focus Offset Be worth for 40, adjustment wire feed angle is 30 °~60 °, by a diameter of 0.8~1.2mm TC4 admire alloy welding wire out of vacuum chamber by giving Silk mechanism is sent out, and delivers to lower spot position through spray nozzle device, dry extension of electrode is lcm;Print thickness regard printed material it is different and It is different such as to printTC4 silk materials (GB/T 3623-1998) when preferred thickness be 1.5mm.When certain thickness (printing TC4 silk materials when 2 layers of 3D solid thickness of preferred printing be about 3mm) stop increasing material manufacturing after model printing;
It is moved to Step 9: the driving of slide unit drive rod subtracts material Modular tool above main machined surface, carries out complex-curved, duct Subtract material processing;
Parts profile is carried out to subtract material processing according to the geometric data of model 1 Step 10: subtracting material manufacture module drive cutter head, By inner-cooled tool sharpening, cutting anterior angle is 5 °, and cutting speed is 1.5m/min, and dimensional accuracy reaches 0.5mm, obtains complexity Curved-surface structure and high-quality surface;
It is moved to Step 11: the driving of slide unit drive rod increases material electron beam emitter above main machined surface, continues next layer Increasing material process;
Step 12: repeat step eight, nine, ten and 11, until part defect part is all machined.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of metal parts restorative procedure based on increase and decrease material manufacture, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1: removing oxide film dissolving to the polishing of damaged parts surface, dried after being cleaned with acetone, and carry out taking out true to forming chamber Sky, makes vacuum reach 10-3Pa ranks;
Step 2: the increase and decrease material that workbench in vacuum chamber is fixed on after the damaged parts clamping that step one is handled is fixed into machine On structure;
Step 3: using lossless scanning techniques, damaged parts being scanned with determination damaged part border, cutting Model is set up simultaneously Plan cutting path;
It is moved to Step 4: the driving of slide unit drive rod subtracts material Modular tool above the main machined surface of the damaged part of damaged parts;
Part undamaged portion is cut off Step 5: subtracting material processing method by DRY CUTTING, processing uses inner-cooled cutter, Processing relevant parameter is:It is 4 °~6 ° to cut anterior angle adjustable range, and cutting speed adjustable range is 1~20m/min;
Step 6: reuse lossless scanning technique, the three-dimensional geometry mould of the gained entity component of establishment step five on computers Type, obtains computer slice of data, according to three-dimensional parameter planning electron beam scanning path;The part after material will be subtracted by step 5 Three-dimensional data contrasted with intact part three-dimensional data, carry out Boolean calculation, subtract each other and obtain damaged parts relieved portions Point threedimensional model and carry out slicing treatment, cook up electron beam and increase material path;
It is moved to Step 7: the driving of slide unit drive rod increases material electron beam emitter above main machined surface;
Step 8: increasing the path planned according to step 6 of material formation system successively accumulates material, when printing to design thickness model After stop increasing material manufacturing;
It is moved to Step 9: the driving of slide unit drive rod subtracts material Modular tool above main machined surface;
Parts profile is carried out according to part geometry data to subtract material processing Step 10: subtracting material manufacture module drive cutter head, to complexity Duct, curved surface are carried out subtracting material processing and are surface-treated, and reach higher dimensional accuracy and high surface smoothness;
It is moved to Step 11: the driving of slide unit drive rod increases material electron beam emitter above main machined surface, continues next layer of increasing Material process;
Step 12: repeat step eight, nine, ten and 11, until part defect part is all machined.
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Cited By (13)

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CN108145164A (en) * 2018-01-12 2018-06-12 浙江大学 A kind of choosing method for increasing and decreasing machining opportunity in material manufacturing process
CN108581397A (en) * 2018-04-26 2018-09-28 大连理工大学 Increase and decrease the processing method of material composite manufacturing turbo blade
CN108971901A (en) * 2018-08-15 2018-12-11 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 A kind of impact type waterturbine wheel repairing reproduction method
CN109483146A (en) * 2018-10-15 2019-03-19 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 A method of repairing Intermatallic Ti-Al compound casting defect
CN109773404A (en) * 2018-12-12 2019-05-21 河海大学常州校区 A method of it is damaged that shell is repaired using electric arc increasing material manufacturing
CN110125619A (en) * 2019-05-16 2019-08-16 沈阳飞机工业(集团)有限公司 A kind of electron beam welding method for repairing and mending of the big I-shaped weldment of thickness titanium alloy
CN110315072A (en) * 2019-06-20 2019-10-11 共享智能铸造产业创新中心有限公司 The method for repairing damaged metal parts
CN110640146A (en) * 2019-10-28 2020-01-03 南京工程学院 Modular material-increasing and material-decreasing composite repair method for defect area of part surface
CN110744057A (en) * 2019-10-24 2020-02-04 徐州万达回转支承有限公司 Additive manufacturing and repairing method for slewing bearing hob
CN110802311A (en) * 2019-11-12 2020-02-18 济南重工股份有限公司 Wear-resistant and impact-resistant treatment method for hob ring of shield machine
CN111278588A (en) * 2017-10-27 2020-06-12 西门子股份公司 Method for manufacturing a retrofit member using additive material
CN111730284A (en) * 2019-03-25 2020-10-02 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 Repair system and method for repairing a substrate
CN111872458A (en) * 2020-08-04 2020-11-03 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Part machining method

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Cited By (18)

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US11752552B2 (en) 2017-10-27 2023-09-12 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Method for modifying components using additive manufacturing
CN111278588A (en) * 2017-10-27 2020-06-12 西门子股份公司 Method for manufacturing a retrofit member using additive material
CN108145164A (en) * 2018-01-12 2018-06-12 浙江大学 A kind of choosing method for increasing and decreasing machining opportunity in material manufacturing process
CN108145164B (en) * 2018-01-12 2019-05-31 浙江大学 A kind of choosing method increasing and decreasing machining opportunity in material manufacturing process
CN108581397A (en) * 2018-04-26 2018-09-28 大连理工大学 Increase and decrease the processing method of material composite manufacturing turbo blade
CN108971901A (en) * 2018-08-15 2018-12-11 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 A kind of impact type waterturbine wheel repairing reproduction method
CN109483146B (en) * 2018-10-15 2020-06-09 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 Method for repairing defects of titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound casting
CN109483146A (en) * 2018-10-15 2019-03-19 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 A method of repairing Intermatallic Ti-Al compound casting defect
CN109773404A (en) * 2018-12-12 2019-05-21 河海大学常州校区 A method of it is damaged that shell is repaired using electric arc increasing material manufacturing
CN111730284A (en) * 2019-03-25 2020-10-02 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 Repair system and method for repairing a substrate
CN110125619B (en) * 2019-05-16 2020-11-13 沈阳飞机工业(集团)有限公司 Electron beam welding repair method for large-thickness titanium alloy I-shaped welding part
CN110125619A (en) * 2019-05-16 2019-08-16 沈阳飞机工业(集团)有限公司 A kind of electron beam welding method for repairing and mending of the big I-shaped weldment of thickness titanium alloy
CN110315072A (en) * 2019-06-20 2019-10-11 共享智能铸造产业创新中心有限公司 The method for repairing damaged metal parts
CN110744057A (en) * 2019-10-24 2020-02-04 徐州万达回转支承有限公司 Additive manufacturing and repairing method for slewing bearing hob
CN110640146A (en) * 2019-10-28 2020-01-03 南京工程学院 Modular material-increasing and material-decreasing composite repair method for defect area of part surface
CN110802311A (en) * 2019-11-12 2020-02-18 济南重工股份有限公司 Wear-resistant and impact-resistant treatment method for hob ring of shield machine
CN111872458A (en) * 2020-08-04 2020-11-03 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Part machining method
CN111872458B (en) * 2020-08-04 2021-08-06 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Part machining method

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