CN111149816A - 一种蕲艾水提取液-纳米银的制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents

一种蕲艾水提取液-纳米银的制备方法及其应用 Download PDF

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CN111149816A
CN111149816A CN202010060290.4A CN202010060290A CN111149816A CN 111149816 A CN111149816 A CN 111149816A CN 202010060290 A CN202010060290 A CN 202010060290A CN 111149816 A CN111149816 A CN 111149816A
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吴云华
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Abstract

本发明涉及化学医药技术领域，尤其涉及一种蕲艾水提取液‑纳米银的制备方法及其应用，本发明提供了一种蕲艾水提取液‑纳米银的制备方法，利用蕲艾水提取液生物制备的纳米银均有优良的稳定性，在低温避光条件下保存6个月无明显颜色变化，无团聚沉淀现象发生，且制得的蕲艾水提取液‑纳米银具有优良抗菌性能。

Description

一种蕲艾水提取液-纳米银的制备方法及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及化学医药技术领域，尤其涉及一种蕲艾水提取液-纳米银的制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
利用纳米技术将银纳米化，直径在1—100nm之间的粒子，纳米化处理后，其杀菌能力产生了质的飞跃，极少的纳米银可产生强大的杀菌作用，纳米银可杀死与其接触的大多数细菌、真菌、霉菌、孢子等微生物，广谱杀菌且无任何的耐药性，渗透性强、抗菌持久，另外，纳米银能够促进伤口的愈合、细胞的生长及受损细胞的修复，无任何毒性反应，对皮肤也未发现任何刺激反应，这给广泛应用纳米银来抗菌开辟了广阔的前景，是最新一代的天然抗菌剂。
目前制备纳米银的方法包括：化学还原法、光化学还原法、模板法、溶胶-凝胶法、微乳液法、激光烧蚀法、物理方法、生物提取法等。其中物理法制备纳米银粒子，所用设备昂贵制备成本高,生产费用昂贵，且条件不易控制。化学法制备纳米银粒子操作简单，容易控制，但是所用试剂容易对环境造成污染。生物还原法是新兴的制备手法，采用生物材料或生物体系天然合成纳米微粒。但传统方法制备的纳米银溶胶颗粒易发生凝聚，常常1个月就出现明显的沉淀，随之失去其原有的特性。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种蕲艾水提取液-纳米银的制备方法，利用蕲艾水提取液生物制备的纳米银均有优良的稳定性，在低温避光条件下保存6个月无明显颜色变化，无团聚沉淀现象发生，且具有优良抗菌性能。
本发明提供的技术方案一种蕲艾水提取液-纳米银的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将蕲艾叶与蒸馏水混合，水浴回流制得蕲艾水提取液；
步骤二：将蒸馏水、银盐溶液与步骤一中的蕲艾水提取液混合均匀，水浴回流制备得到蕲艾水提取液-纳米银。
其中，步骤一中蕲艾叶与蒸馏水的质量比为16％-20％。
其中，步骤一中水浴回流是在80℃-100℃条件下水浴回流1-2h，步骤二中水浴回流是在80℃-100℃条件下水浴回流1-2h。
其中，步骤二中蕲艾水提取液与蒸馏水的体积比为5％-10％，银盐溶液与蒸馏水的体积比为0.1％-1％。
其中，所述蒸馏水包括一次蒸馏水、多次蒸馏水和超纯水；所述蕲艾叶为干枯蕲艾叶；所述银盐溶液为硫酸银水溶液或硝酸银水溶液。
其中，所述蕲艾水提取液-纳米银为水溶胶状。
而且，所述蕲艾水提取液-纳米银对大肠杆菌具有抑菌效果。
而且，所述蕲艾水提取液-纳米银对金黄色葡萄球菌具有抑菌效果。
而且，所述蕲艾水提取液-纳米银对枯草芽孢杆菌具有抑菌效果。
而且，所述蕲艾水提取液-纳米银对白色念珠菌具有抑菌效果。
与现有技术相比，该技术方案的有益效果在于：(1)合成材料只需要蕲艾、银盐和水，合成装置只需要回流装置，合成条件是加热，因此本发明合成纳米银的价格低廉，仪器操作简单，没有试剂污染，属于绿色合成方法；(2)结合了蕲艾和纳米银各自的优良抗菌性能，对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌以及白色念珠菌具有高效抑菌效果，可以用于纺织材料和医用卫生领域；(3)通过控制蕲艾水提取液和银盐溶液的浓度比例，可控制纳米银的尺寸大小，制得的纳米银颗粒为规则的圆形，粒径为20-50nm，分散性良好；(4)蕲艾细胞内含有的蛋白质、脂质、多糖、络合剂、稳定剂等有机化合物在合成过程中发挥还原剂、络合剂、稳定剂等作用，在低温避光条件下保存6个月无明显颜色变化，无团聚沉淀现象发生，稳定性好。
附图说明
图1为蕲艾水提取液-纳米银的紫外可见光吸收图；
图2为蕲艾水提取液-纳米银的透射电镜图；
图3为蕲艾水提取液-纳米银抑菌效果图；
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进行详细具体说明，本发明的内容不局限于以下实施例。
实施例
本发明蕲艾水提取液-纳米银制备的步骤如下：
(1)称取一定量干枯的蕲艾叶洗净后，加入一定量的蒸馏水，蕲艾叶与蒸馏水质量体积比为16％，将蕲艾水混合物80℃左右水浴回流2h，过滤得到蕲艾水提取液。
(2)体积百分比94.9％的蒸馏水，加入体积比5％蕲艾水提取液，加入体积比0.1％1mol/L的硝酸银溶液，振摇混合均匀。混合后90℃水浴回流1h。蕲艾水提取液对硝酸银进行还原，反应结束即可得到溶胶状的蕲艾水提取液-纳米银。
所述蒸馏水包括一次蒸馏水、多次蒸馏水和超纯水，所述蕲艾叶为干枯蕲艾叶。
图1为蕲艾水提取液-纳米银的紫外可见光吸收图，其中线条1是16％蕲艾水提取液(16％蕲艾水提取液是指蕲艾叶与蒸馏水质量体积比为16％)；线条2是8％通过蕲艾水提取液制得的蕲艾水提取液-纳米银，线条3是12％通过蕲艾水提取液制得的蕲艾水提取液-纳米银，线条4是16％通过蕲艾水提取液制得的蕲艾水提取液-纳米银。图中可见合成的纳米银均有440nm的最大紫外吸收峰。
图2是蕲艾水提取液-纳米银的透射电镜图，图中可见纳米银的直径在20-50nm。
将大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌以及白色念珠菌在培养基中培养约6个小时，至对数生长期(OD600＝0.6)，各取100uL均匀涂布于LB固体培养基上。取蕲艾水提取物-纳米银，以及50ug/mL的氨苄各100uL加入牛津杯，将培养基放在37℃恒温培养箱中培养24h后观察(如图3所示)，分别量取抑菌圈直径，取三次平均值(如表1所示)，获得蕲艾水提取物-纳米银的抑菌活性。证明蕲艾水提取物-纳米银对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌以及白色念珠菌具有高效抑菌效果。
表1为蕲艾水提取液-纳米银对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌和白色念珠菌的抑菌圈直径
Figure BDA0002374248160000031
图3为蕲艾水提取液-纳米银对金黄色葡萄球菌(A)、枯草芽孢杆菌(B)、大肠杆菌(C)、白色念珠菌(D)的抑菌检测。图3中1，2，3，4，5均分别对应为16％蕲艾水提取液，8％蕲艾水提取液-纳米银，12％蕲艾水提取液-纳米银，16％蕲艾水提取液-纳米银，氨苄。

Claims (10)

1.一种蕲艾水提取液-纳米银的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将蕲艾叶与蒸馏水混合，水浴回流制得蕲艾水提取液；
步骤二：将蒸馏水、银盐溶液与步骤一中的蕲艾水提取液混合均匀，水浴回流制备得到蕲艾水提取液-纳米银。
2.根据权利要求1所述的蕲艾水提取液-纳米银的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤一中蕲艾叶与蒸馏水的质量比为16％-20％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的蕲艾水提取液-纳米银的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤一中水浴回流是在80℃-100℃条件下水浴回流1-2h，步骤二中水浴回流是在80℃-100℃条件下水浴回流1-2h。
4.根据权利要求1所述的蕲艾水提取液-纳米银的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤二中蕲艾水提取液与蒸馏水的体积比为5％-10％，银盐溶液与蒸馏水的体积比为0.1％-1％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的蕲艾水提取液-纳米银的制备方法，其特征在于：所述蒸馏水包括一次蒸馏水、多次蒸馏水和超纯水；所述蕲艾叶为干枯蕲艾叶；所述银盐溶液为硫酸银水溶液或硝酸银水溶液。
6.根据权利要求1所述的蕲艾水提取液-纳米银的制备方法，其特征在于：所述蕲艾水提取液-纳米银为水溶胶状。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的制备方法制得的蕲艾水提取液-纳米银，其特征在于：所述蕲艾水提取液-纳米银对大肠杆菌具有抑菌效果。
8.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的制备方法制得的蕲艾水提取液-纳米银，其特征在于：所述蕲艾水提取液-纳米银对金黄色葡萄球菌具有抑菌效果。
9.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的制备方法制得的蕲艾水提取液-纳米银，其特征在于：所述蕲艾水提取液-纳米银对枯草芽孢杆菌具有抑菌效果。
10.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的制备方法制得的蕲艾水提取液-纳米银，其特征在于：所述蕲艾水提取液-纳米银对白色念珠菌具有抑菌效果。
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CN112471174A (zh) * 2020-12-01 2021-03-12 徐州医科大学 一种纳米银/度米芬复合抗菌剂及其制备方法与应用
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