CN111134236A - Feed additive based on earthworm fermentation liquor, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Feed additive based on earthworm fermentation liquor, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111134236A CN111134236A CN201911419229.8A CN201911419229A CN111134236A CN 111134236 A CN111134236 A CN 111134236A CN 201911419229 A CN201911419229 A CN 201911419229A CN 111134236 A CN111134236 A CN 111134236A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- feed additive
- earthworm
- amino sugar
- feed
- sodium metabisulfite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 150000002337 glycosamines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229940001584 sodium metabisulfite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 241000228197 Aspergillus flavus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007771 core particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002702 enteric coating Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009505 enteric coating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004296 sodium metabisulphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- -1 sodium metabisulfite compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003102 growth factor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000006196 deacetylation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003381 deacetylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N taurine Chemical compound NCCS(O)(=O)=O XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000134719 Aspergillus tamarii Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000036737 immune function Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004366 Glucose oxidase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010015776 Glucose oxidase Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 5
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940116332 glucose oxidase Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019420 glucose oxidase Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009630 liquid culture Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960003080 taurine Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000001046 Lactobacillus acidophilus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013956 Lactobacillus acidophilus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001673966 Magnolia officinalis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940039695 lactobacillus acidophilus Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- LEVWYRKDKASIDU-IMJSIDKUSA-N L-cystine Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)[C@@H]([NH3+])CSSC[C@H]([NH3+])C([O-])=O LEVWYRKDKASIDU-IMJSIDKUSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004158 L-cystine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019393 L-cystine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930182816 L-glutamine Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- AGPKZVBTJJNPAG-WHFBIAKZSA-N L-isoleucine Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@H](N)C(O)=O AGPKZVBTJJNPAG-WHFBIAKZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930182844 L-isoleucine Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000306281 Mucor ambiguus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930003451 Vitamin B1 Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930003779 Vitamin B12 Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 claims description 3
- AGVAZMGAQJOSFJ-WZHZPDAFSA-M cobalt(2+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2r)-1-[3-[(1r,2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2 Chemical compound [Co+2].N#[C-].[N-]([C@@H]1[C@H](CC(N)=O)[C@@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]3[C@H]([C@H](O[C@@H]3CO)N3C4=CC(C)=C(C)C=C4N=C3)O)\C2=C(C)/C([C@H](C\2(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=N/C/2=C\C([C@H]([C@@]/2(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=N\C\2=C(C)/C2=N[C@]1(C)[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]2CCC(N)=O AGVAZMGAQJOSFJ-WZHZPDAFSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003067 cystine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960000310 isoleucine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010374 vitamin B1 Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019163 vitamin B12 Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011715 vitamin B12 Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000272814 Anser sp. Species 0.000 claims description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000282485 Vulpes vulpes Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 abstract description 38
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- LINOMUASTDIRTM-QGRHZQQGSA-N deoxynivalenol Chemical compound C([C@@]12[C@@]3(C[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O[C@@H]1C=C(C([C@@H](O)[C@@]13CO)=O)C)C)O2 LINOMUASTDIRTM-QGRHZQQGSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- LINOMUASTDIRTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vomitoxin hydrate Natural products OCC12C(O)C(=O)C(C)=CC1OC1C(O)CC2(C)C11CO1 LINOMUASTDIRTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 6
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000013594 poultry meat Nutrition 0.000 description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000006052 feed supplement Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-LWMBPPNESA-N levotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-LWMBPPNESA-N 0.000 description 8
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 4
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium sulphate Substances [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229940116298 l- malic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCVGEOXPDFCNHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-oxazolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound CC1(C)OC(=O)N(C(N)=O)C1=O QCVGEOXPDFCNHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000272517 Anseriformes Species 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000006509 Gynostemma pentaphyllum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002956 Gynostemma pentaphyllum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910021577 Iron(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019485 Safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010841 Silybum marianum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000009022 Smilax rotundifolia Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003205 Smilax rotundifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001052560 Thallis Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000273928 Zingiber officinale Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000006886 Zingiber officinale Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010480 babassu oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000014103 egg white Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000000969 egg white Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008397 ginger Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003394 haemopoietic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003813 safflower oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005713 safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4,5,6-trimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)O[C@@H]2COC)OC)O[C@@H]1COC LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UWTATZPHSA-N (R)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UWTATZPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000003826 Artemisia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008658 Artemisia capillaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000092668 Artemisia capillaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003261 Artemisia vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000186000 Bifidobacterium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282421 Canidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 102000011632 Caseins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010076119 Caseins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 101710146739 Enterotoxin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000235395 Mucor Species 0.000 description 1
- OVRNDRQMDRJTHS-FMDGEEDCSA-N N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine Chemical group CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O OVRNDRQMDRJTHS-FMDGEEDCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000320380 Silybum Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000272459 Silybum marianum Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010073771 Soybean Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetyloxy-3,4,6-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O)OC(=O)C)O)O SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940081735 acetylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003975 animal breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000030166 artemisia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009052 artemisia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001270 d- tartaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002895 emetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000147 enterotoxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000655 enterotoxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960004667 ethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940014259 gelatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010985 glycerol esters of wood rosin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940075507 glyceryl monostearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 description 1
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940071676 hydroxypropylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000411 inducer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002900 methylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013586 microbial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012184 mineral wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001788 mono and diglycerides of fatty acids Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940075065 polyvinyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940080237 sodium caseinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940001941 soy protein Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940032147 starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940071117 starch glycolate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012178 vegetable wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/189—Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/40—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for carnivorous animals, e.g. cats or dogs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
- A23L5/27—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification by chemical treatment, by adsorption or by absorption
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/113—Acidophilus
Abstract
The invention relates to a feed additive based on earthworm fermentation liquor, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the feed additive comprises the following components: earthworm fermentation broth as a basic component; and an amino sugar oligomer and sodium metabisulphite complex as a synergistic component; wherein the amino sugar oligomer is a product of chitosan degraded by aspergillus flavus; the sodium metabisulfite complex consists of core particles containing sodium metabisulfite and an enteric coating the core ions; and the mass ratio of the amino sugar oligomer to the sodium pyrosulfite complex is 4.0-4.5: 1. The feed additive has obvious benefits on growth fattening, survival rate and immune system of livestock and poultry, obviously reduces toxic effects such as reduction of feed intake, growth rate, immunity and survival rate of livestock and poultry caused by vomitoxin, and more efficiently improves the efficiency of animal production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, in particular to a feed additive based on earthworm fermentation liquor, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The feed additive is a small amount or trace substance added in the production, processing and using processes of feed, and the feed additive is small in dosage but remarkable in effect. The feed additive is a raw material inevitably used in modern feed industry, and has obvious effects on strengthening the nutritive value of basic feed, improving the production performance of animals, ensuring the health of the animals, saving the feed cost, improving the quality of animal products and the like. The feed additive is divided into microbial feed additive and Chinese herbal medicine feed additive. Wherein the microbial feed additive is a microbial product that replaces or balances one or more bacterial strains in the ecosystem of an animal. In a narrow sense, it is a microbial preparation that stimulates the propagation and growth of beneficial bacterial species, while at the same time, it counteracts the growth of harmful bacterial lines. The microbial feed additive contains a large amount of beneficial bacteria (active lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria and bacillus), complex enzyme, chelating peptide, mildew removing agent and the like, and can be rapidly propagated after being used as feed to enter livestock and poultry bodies, on one hand, metabolites of the thrown bacteria and enterotoxin inhibit the growth of other harmful flora, and on the other hand, the microbial feed additive forms normal microbial flora in the host body, so that the microbial feed additive can synthesize main vitamins for the host, provide nutrition and prevent the invasion of pathogenic bacteria.
The biogas residues are cheap and easily-obtained raw materials for artificially producing the earthworms, 700-1000 kg of biogas residues can be provided every year in one biogas digester, 180-250 kg of fresh earthworms can be produced by mixing the biogas residues with vegetable leaves and weeds, and the dried earthworm feed additive is more than 100kg, so that the method has considerable benefits, is a good method for recycling agricultural wastes and has a development prospect; the earthworm feed additive is an organic powder rich in high protein, amino acid, hormone and growth inducer, and can be directly fed to broiler chickens, pigs and dairy cows, and the mixing ratio of the earthworm feed additive to feed is 1.5: 8.5. However, the existing earthworm-based feed additive has too single component structure and simpler functional effect.
The above background disclosure is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the inventive concept and technical solutions of the present invention, and does not necessarily belong to the prior art of the present patent application, and should not be used for evaluating the novelty and inventive step of the present application in the case that there is no clear evidence that the above content is disclosed at the filing date of the present patent application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a feed additive based on earthworm fermentation liquor, which is rich in nutrition, can replace daily feed, has obvious benefits on growth fattening, survival rate and immune system of livestock and poultry, obviously reduces toxic effects such as reduction of feed intake, growth rate, immunity, survival rate and the like of the livestock and poultry caused by low-dose or even ultra-low-dose content vomitoxin, and endows the feed additive with more efficient improvement of the efficiency of the animal.
The technical solutions of the present invention for achieving the above objects include the following items [1] to [3 ].
[1] A feed additive based on earthworm fermentation broth, the feed additive comprising:
earthworm fermentation broth as a basic component; and
amino sugar oligomers (ASO-x) as building blocks with sodium metabisulphite complexes;
wherein the amino sugar oligomer is a product of chitosan degraded by aspergillus flavus, the deacetylation degree of the amino sugar oligomer is not higher than 61%, and the content of free amino groups is not higher than 5.5%;
the sodium metabisulfite complex consists of core particles containing sodium metabisulfite and an enteric coating the core ions; and is
The mass ratio of the amino sugar oligomer to the sodium pyrosulfite complex is 4.0-4.5: 1.
The feed additive based on the earthworm fermentation liquor has remarkable benefits on growth fattening, survival rate and immune system of livestock and poultry, can enhance the immune function of livestock and poultry, supplement sufficient nutrient substances for the livestock and poultry, accelerate the growth of the livestock and improve the survival rate of the livestock and poultry, and in addition, the amino sugar oligomer and the sodium metabisulfite compound synergistically play a stronger role in combining vomitoxin, so that the toxic effects such as the reduction of feed intake, growth rate, immunity, survival rate and the like of the livestock and poultry caused by the low-dose (5ppm) or even ultra-low-dose (1ppm) of vomitoxin content are reduced, and more unexpectedly, the addition of the sodium metabisulfite compound and the amino sugar oligomer in a specific ratio endows the feed additive to improve the efficiency of the animal production more efficiently, such as but not including the increase of animal feed intake, the promotion of digestion, the increase of body, The feed can be used for producing and feeding pigs, cattle, sheep, chickens, ducks, geese, foxes and the like instead of feeds.
Preferably, the amino sugar oligomer as the synergistic component and the sodium metabisulfite complex together occupy 0.01 to 49.99%, preferably 1 to 30%, more preferably 10 to 20% of the feed additive.
Preferably, the earthworm fermentation liquor is prepared by the following method:
1) injecting distilled water into a fermentation tank, adding 0.3-0.5 g of beef extract, 1.0-4.0 g of peptone, 0.5-1.0 g of sodium chloride and 2.0-3.5 g of agar into 1000mL of water, and sterilizing at 121 ℃ to obtain a culture solution;
2) adding a composite strain into a fermentation tank, activating, adding 20-120 g of earthworm slurry into every 1000mL of culture solution, fermenting for 12-96 h under the conditions of pH 3.2-5.0, vacuum degree of 0.1-1 Pa, temperature of 33-38 ℃ and stirring speed of 120-150 r/min, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain a first component;
3) drying herba Artemisiae Scopariae, herba Silybi Mariani, rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae, herba Gynostemmatis, cortex Magnolia officinalis and rhizoma Zingiberis recens powder respectively, pulverizing, and sieving with 160 mesh sieve; adding distilled water with the weight being 3-5 times of that of the mixture after mixing, and leaching for 3-5 hours under stirring at the speed of 80-120 r/min to obtain a second component;
4) adding the second component into the first component, adding taurine, selenium yeast and glucose oxidase, and stirring uniformly to obtain the final product;
the weight parts of the raw materials are 50-80 parts of earthworm slurry, 1.5-2.0 parts of artemisia capillaris, 5-12 parts of silybum marianum, 2.5-5.0 parts of glabrous greenbrier rhizome, 10-15 parts of gynostemma pentaphylla, 1.5-3.0 parts of mangnolia officinalis, 15-30 parts of ginger powder, 10-20 parts of taurine, 1.8-2.5 parts of yeast selenium and 0.2-2.0 parts of glucose oxidase.
According to the preparation method, the earthworm slurry can be decomposed into micromolecular nutrient substances, the smell is aromatic, the nutrition is rich, the palatability is good, the digestion utilization rate is high, the earthworm fermentation liquor contains a large amount of antibacterial immune substances, proteins and vitamins, the earthworm fermentation liquor has remarkable benefits for growth fattening, survival rate and immune system of livestock and poultry, the immune function of the livestock and poultry can be enhanced, sufficient nutrient substances can be supplemented for the livestock and poultry, the growth of the livestock and poultry is accelerated, the survival rate of the livestock and poultry is improved, the hematopoietic function of the livestock and poultry is further enhanced, the bone is strengthened, the lipid is reduced, the absorption and utilization of the livestock and poultry to the nutrient substances in the feed are enhanced, the requirement for the growth of the livestock and poultry is met.
Further preferably, in the preparation method of the earthworm fermentation liquor, the addition amount of the composite strain is 1.0-5.0% of the earthworm slurry.
Further preferably, in the preparation method of the earthworm fermentation liquor, the composite strain is a mixed strain of lactobacillus acidophilus, bacillus subtilis and mucor circinelloides in a weight ratio of 10: 3-5: 1-2. The composite strain can decompose earthworm slurry into micromolecular nutrient substances, saves energy when being absorbed and utilized by livestock and poultry, and improves the weight gain rate of the livestock and poultry by more than 25 percent and the feed conversion rate by more than 22 percent on the growth performance of the feed additive based on earthworm fermentation liquor compared with the common additive; and the earthworm fermentation liquor is acidic, so that the co-fusion safety of the earthworm fermentation liquor, the amino sugar oligomer and the sodium metabisulfite compound is improved, the feed additive is easy to store, and the service life is prolonged.
Preferably, the method for preparing the amino sugar oligomer is:
1) inoculating 0.5-3.0% of aspergillus flavus into a sterilized and cooled liquid culture medium, and culturing at 25 ℃ and 120-150 r/min for at least 12h to prepare aspergillus flavus seed liquid for later use;
2) dissolving chitosan with 0.1-0.2% HCl to prepare 2.0-3.0% chitosan solution, adding 1.0-1.5% peptone, a small amount of growth factors and inorganic salts, completely dissolving, adjusting pH to 3.5-3.8 with 0.1-0.2% HCl, and dissolving at 121 deg.C under 1.1Kg/cm2Sterilizing for at least 25 min;
3) inoculating 1.5-3.5% of the Aspergillus tamarii seed liquid obtained in the step 1) into the fermentation medium obtained in the step 2), and fermenting for 4-7 days at the temperature of 22-30 ℃ under the condition of stirring and ventilation to obtain a fermentation liquid;
4) filtering, ultrafiltering and concentrating the fermentation liquid obtained in the step 3) to obtain a white powdery product, namely the amino sugar oligomer.
Further preferably, the liquid culture medium in step 1) contains 0.5-2.0% of chitosan, 0.02-0.1% of glucose, 0.1-1.0% of beef extract, 0.1-1.0% of dried egg white, 0.1-0.2% (NH)4)2SO4、0.2～0.5％K2HPO4、0.2～0.5％NaCI、0.1～0.2％MgSO4And the balance of sterile water, adjusting the pH value to 4.5-6.0, and sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 20 min.
Further preferably, the liquid medium of step 1) is prepared via the following method: dissolving chitosan by 0.5% HCl, then diluting by using a proper amount of water, adding other carbon sources, nitrogen sources and inorganic salts, adjusting the pH value to 4.5-6.0 by using 0.5% HCl after completely dissolving, and sterilizing.
Further preferably, the molecular weight of the chitosan in the step 2) is 3.0-4.2 x 105The deacetylation degree is 55.2-71.4%, and the content of free amino groups is not less than 6.66%.
More preferably, the growth factors in step 2) include 0.064-0.08% o of L-cystine, 0.04-0.05% o of L-isoleucine, 0.015-0.03% o of L-glutamine, 0.005-0.009% o of vitamin B1, 0.005-0.009% o of vitamin B12 and 0.001-0.0015% o of L-tartaric acid; as is well known, chitosan is a linear polymer formed after chitosan deacetylation (the deacetylation degree of chitosan used as a substrate in the application is 55.2-71.4%), and due to the existence of amino groups of chitosan, the chitosan has strong buffering capacity and sterilization and bacteriostasis performance, so that in a chitosan solution with the concentration of more than 1%, the growth of microorganisms is inhibited, the efficiency of degrading chitosan is suppressed, and the chitosan is not suitable for future industrial production; the growth factors enable aspergillus flavus to overcome the inhibition of chitosan solution on the growth of thalli, can normally grow in high-concentration chitosan solution, and has extremely high degradation efficiency on chitosan, the conversion rate of chitosan exceeds 30%, the yield of ASO-x exceeds 5 per thousand, the average molecular weight of a product is 2435, the degree of polymerization is small, the distribution is wide, the degradation mode of the application also has the advantages of low cost, mild degradation conditions, controllable degradation process, simple production process and the like, and meanwhile, the obtained ASO-x can cooperate with a sodium metabisulfite compound to play a stronger role in combining vomitoxin, reduce the occurrence of vomitoxin toxic effect, improve livestock immunity, increase weight and improve breeding benefit.
Further preferably, the inorganic salt in step 2) specifically comprises (NH) with a content of 0.1-0.2%4)2SO40.2 to 0.3% of MgSO40.1-0.3% NaCl, 0.05-0.1% CaCl2And 0.05-0.08% FeCl2。
Further preferably, the stirring speed of the step 3) is 80-120 r/min.
Further preferably, the ultrafiltration of step 4) means that the filtrate is ultrafiltered with a 10kDa ultrafiltration membrane and the filtrate is taken.
Further preferably, the concentration of step 4) means concentrating the filtrate at a temperature of not higher than 40 ℃.
Preferably, the sodium metabisulfite complex is comprised of (a) a core particle comprising sodium metabisulfite and (b) an enteric coating over the core ion, the enteric coating serving to protect the sodium metabisulfite from decomposition to sulfur dioxide in an acidic gastric environment.
Further preferably, the core particle containing sodium metabisulfite further contains a binder, and the binder can be selected from the following aqueous binders or hydrophobic binders:
the aqueous binder can be at least one of starch, sodium caseinate, gelatin, soy protein, molasses, lactose, dextrin, carboxymethyl cellulose salt, alginate, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, starch glycolate, polymethacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone;
the hydrophobic binder may be at least one of shellac resin, rosin, beeswax, paraffin wax, cetyl alcohol, stearic acid, metal stearate, palm oil, glyceryl monostearate, acetyl cellulose, polyvinyl acetate, ester gum or coumarone resin.
Further preferably, the enteric coating may be selected from the following vegetable oils, wax components or glycerides:
the vegetable oil can be at least one of cotton seed oil, corn oil, peanut oil, soybean oil, palm kernel oil, babassu oil, sunflower oil or safflower oil;
the wax component may be at least one of cetyl alcohol, mineral wax, vegetable wax, insect wax or gum;
the glyceride can be at least one of monoglyceride, diglyceride and glyceride extracted from oleum gossypii semen, oleum Maydis, oleum Arachidis Hypogaeae, soybean oil, palm kernel oil, babassu oil, oleum Helianthi or safflower oil.
Further preferably, the sodium metabisulfite compound comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.1-1.0% of sodium pyrosulfite;
0.1-30.0% of binder;
the enteric coating is 69.0-99.8%.
Further preferably, the sodium metabisulfite complex may be prepared by, but is not limited to, the following method:
1) compounding sodium pyrosulfite and a binder into core particles;
2) heating the particle core to 70-80 ℃;
3) coating is applied by a high-pressure pump and a spray nozzle under the conditions of 95-100 ℃ and 1.2-1.5 MPa.
Further preferably, the temperature of the coating bed is 40-50 ℃ and the speed of the roller is 10-15 r/min.
[2] The method for preparing the earthworm fermentation broth-based feed additive according to item [1], which comprises:
1) preparing earthworm fermentation liquor;
2) preparing a complex of the amino sugar oligomer and sodium metabisulfite;
3) adding the amino sugar oligomer and sodium metabisulfite compound into the earthworm fermentation liquor according to the formula amount;
4) concentrating the mixture obtained in the step 3) and crushing to obtain the compound.
[3]Item [1]Or [ alpha ], [ alpha2]The application of the feed additive based on the earthworm fermentation liquor in animal breeding comprises the following steps:
-for improving feed conversion ratio; and/or
-for improving weight gain in an individual; and/or
-for improving immune function in an individual; and/or
-for reducing the population of pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of an individual; and/or
-for improving the microbial ecosystem in the gastrointestinal tract of an animal; and/or
-for improving nutritional value, animal health and welfare of animals; and/or
-promoting specific growth of livestock.
Preferably, the animal is at least one of a pig, cow, sheep, chicken, duck, goose or fox.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) according to the method, the earthworm slurry can be decomposed into micromolecular nutrient substances, the earthworm slurry is fragrant in smell, rich in nutrition, good in palatability and high in digestion utilization rate, the earthworm fermentation liquor contains a large amount of antibacterial immune substances, proteins and vitamins, the earthworm fermentation liquor has obvious benefits for growth fattening, survival rate and immune system of livestock and poultry, the immune function of the livestock and poultry can be enhanced, sufficient nutrient substances can be supplemented for the livestock and poultry, the growth of the livestock and poultry is accelerated, the survival rate of the livestock and poultry is improved, the hematopoietic function of the livestock and poultry is further enhanced, bones are strengthened, lipid is reduced, the absorption and utilization of the livestock and poultry on the nutrient substances in the feed are enhanced, the growth requirement of the livestock and poultry is ensured, the health;
2) the composite strain can decompose earthworm slurry into micromolecular nutrient substances, saves energy when being absorbed and utilized by livestock and poultry, and improves the weight gain rate of the livestock and poultry by more than 25 percent and the feed conversion rate by more than 22 percent on the growth performance of the feed additive based on earthworm fermentation liquor compared with the common additive; the earthworm fermentation liquor is acidic, so that the co-fusion safety of the earthworm fermentation liquor, the amino sugar oligomer and the sodium metabisulfite compound is improved, the feed additive is easy to store, and the service life is prolonged;
3) the growth factor enables aspergillus flavus to overcome the inhibition of chitosan solution on the growth of thalli, can normally grow in high-concentration chitosan solution, and has extremely high degradation efficiency on chitosan, the conversion rate of the chitosan is more than 30%, the yield of ASO-x is more than 5 per thousand, the average molecular weight of a product is 2435, the degree of polymerization is small, the distribution is wide, and the degradation mode of the application also has the advantages of low cost, mild degradation condition, controllable degradation process, simple production process and the like;
4) the feed additive based on the earthworm fermentation liquor has remarkable benefits on growth fattening, survival rate and immune system of livestock and poultry, can enhance the immune function of livestock and poultry, supplement sufficient nutrient substances for the livestock and poultry, accelerate the growth of the livestock and improve the survival rate of the livestock and poultry, and in addition, the amino sugar oligomer and the sodium metabisulfite compound synergistically play a stronger role in combining vomitoxin, so that the toxic effects such as the reduction of feed intake, growth rate, immunity and survival rate of the livestock and poultry caused by the vomitoxin with ultra-low dose (1ppm) or even low dose (5ppm) are reduced, and more unexpectedly, the addition of the sodium metabisulfite compound and the amino sugar oligomer in a specific ratio endows the feed additive with more efficient improvement of the efficiency of the animal production, such as but not including the increase of animal feeding, the promotion of digestion, the increase of body weight, the improvement of immunity, Enhancing the absorption of nutrients, etc.
The invention adopts the technical scheme to provide the model essay, makes up the defects of the prior art, and has reasonable design and convenient operation.
Drawings
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features, and advantages of the invention, as well as others which will become apparent, reference is made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a graph showing an infrared absorption spectrum of chitosan and an amino sugar oligomer in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a gel permeation chromatogram of a chitosan fermentation product in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The present invention uses the methods and materials described herein; other suitable methods and materials known in the art may be used. The materials, methods, and examples described herein are illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting. All publications, patent applications, patents, provisional applications, database entries, and other references mentioned herein, and the like, are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. In case of conflict, the present specification, including definitions, will control.
All percentages, parts, ratios, etc., are by weight unless otherwise indicated; "wt%" means weight percent; "mol%" means mole percent.
Herein, the term "made from … …" is equivalent to "comprising". As used herein, the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.
The conjunction "consisting of … … does not include any elements, steps or components not expressly listed. If present in a claim, the conjunction will limit the claim to the described materials and not to materials not described, but will still include impurities normally associated with those described materials. When the conjunction "consisting of … …" appears in the characterizing portion of the claim, rather than in the immediately preceding portion, it is limited to the elements set forth in the characterizing portion; other elements are not excluded from the claim as a whole.
The conjunction "consisting essentially of … …" is used to define a composition, method, or apparatus that includes additional materials, steps, features, components, or elements in addition to those materials, steps, features, components, or elements that are literally set forth, provided that such additional materials, steps, features, components, or elements do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed invention. The term "consisting essentially of … …" is in the intermediate zone between "comprising" and "consisting of … …".
The term "comprising" is intended to include embodiments encompassed by the terms "consisting essentially of … …" and "consisting of … …". Similarly, the term "consisting essentially of … …" is intended to include embodiments encompassed by the term "consisting of … …".
When an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is given as either a range, preferred range or a list of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. For example, when a range of "1 to 5" is described, the described range should be understood to include ranges of "1 to 4", "1 to 3", "1 to 2 and 4 to 5", "1 to 3 and 5", and the like. Where numerical ranges are described herein, unless otherwise stated, the ranges are intended to include the endpoints of the ranges, and all integers and fractions within the ranges.
When the term "about" is used to describe a numerical value or an end point value of a range, the disclosure should be understood to include the specific value or end point referred to.
Furthermore, "or" means "or" unless expressly indicated to the contrary, rather than "or" exclusively. For example, condition a "or" B "applies to any of the following conditions: a is true (or present) and B is false (or not present), a is false (or not present) and B is true (or present), and both a and B are true (or present).
In addition, the indefinite articles "a" and "an" preceding an element or component of the invention are intended to mean no limitation on the number of occurrences (i.e., occurrences) of the element or component. Thus, "a" or "an" should be understood to include one or at least one and the singular forms of an element or component also include the plural unless the singular is explicitly stated.
The materials, methods, and examples described herein are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting unless otherwise specified. Although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention, suitable methods and materials are described herein.
The present invention is described in detail below.
Example 1: a feed additive formula based on earthworm fermentation liquor comprises:
a feed additive based on earthworm fermentation broth, the feed additive comprising:
earthworm fermentation broth as a basic component; and
amino sugar oligomers (ASO-x) as building blocks with sodium metabisulphite complexes;
wherein the amino sugar oligomer is a product of chitosan degraded by aspergillus flavus, the deacetylation degree of the amino sugar oligomer is not higher than 61%, and the content of free amino groups is not higher than 5.5%;
the sodium metabisulfite complex consists of core particles containing sodium metabisulfite and an enteric coating the core ions; and is
The mass ratio of the amino sugar oligomer to the sodium metabisulfite complex is 4: 1;
the sum of the mass of the amino sugar oligomers and sodium metabisulphite complexes represents 10% of the feed additive.
Specifically, the feed additive based on the earthworm fermentation broth in this example is prepared through the following steps (one) to (four).
Preparing earthworm fermentation liquor:
1) injecting distilled water into a fermentation tank, adding 0.5g of beef extract, 3.0g of peptone, 1.0g of sodium chloride and 3.0g of agar into 1000mL of water, and sterilizing at 121 ℃ to obtain a culture solution;
2) adding composite strain into fermentation tank, activating, adding 40g earthworm slurry per 1000mL culture solution into fermentation tank, fermenting at pH3.5, vacuum degree of 1Pa, temperature of 35 deg.C, stirring at 120r/min for 36h, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain first component;
3) drying herba Artemisiae Scopariae, herba Silybi Mariani, rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae, herba Gynostemmatis, cortex Magnolia officinalis and rhizoma Zingiberis recens powder respectively, pulverizing, and sieving with 160 mesh sieve; mixing, adding distilled water with the weight 5 times of that of the mixture, and leaching for 4 hours under the stirring of 120r/min to obtain a second component;
4) adding the second component into the first component, adding taurine, selenium yeast and glucose oxidase, and stirring.
Wherein the raw materials comprise, by weight, 40 parts of earthworm slurry, 1.8 parts of artemisia capillaries, 10 parts of milk thistle, 3.0 parts of glabrous greenbrier rhizome, 12 parts of gynostemma pentaphylla, 3.0 parts of officinal magnolia bark, 20 parts of ginger powder, 12 parts of taurine, 2.0 parts of yeast selenium and 0.5 part of glucose oxidase;
the addition amount of the composite strain is 3.0% of the earthworm slurry, and the composite strain is a mixed strain of lactobacillus acidophilus, bacillus subtilis and mucor circinelloides in a weight ratio of 10:3: 2.
(II) preparing amino sugar oligomer:
1) inoculating 2.5% of Aspergillus tamarii into sterilized cooled liquid culture medium, culturing at 25 deg.C and 150r/min for 15 hr, and preparing into Aspergillus tamarii seed solution;
2) dissolving chitosan with 0.1% HCl to obtain 2.5% chitosanSugar solution, adding 1.0% peptone and small amount of growth factor, inorganic salt, dissolving completely, adjusting pH to 3.5 with 0.1% HCl, and dissolving at 121 deg.C and 1.1Kg/cm2Sterilizing for 25 min;
3) inoculating the aspergillus flavus seed liquid in the step 1) into the fermentation culture medium in the step 2) in an amount of 3.0%, and fermenting for 6d under the condition of stirring and ventilation at 28 ℃ to obtain fermentation liquid;
4) filtering, ultrafiltering and concentrating the fermentation liquid obtained in the step 3) to obtain a white powdery product, namely the amino sugar oligomer.
Wherein the liquid culture medium in the step 1) contains 1.5% of chitosan, 0.05% of glucose, 0.5% of beef extract, 1.0% of dried egg white and 0.1% (NH)4)2SO4、0.22％K2HPO4、0.4％NaCI、0.1％MgSO4Adjusting pH to 5.0, and sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 20 min;
the liquid medium of step 1) is prepared by the following method: dissolving chitosan with 0.5% HCl, diluting with appropriate amount of water, adding other carbon source, nitrogen source and inorganic salt, dissolving completely, adjusting pH to 5.5 with 0.5% HCl, and sterilizing;
the molecular weight of the chitosan of the step 2) is 3.5X 105The degree of deacetylation was 67.8%, and the free amino group content was 6.7%.
The growth factor in the step 2) specifically comprises 0.07 thousandth of L-cystine, 0.04 thousandth of L-isoleucine, 0.02 thousandth of L-glutamine, 0.006 thousandth of vitamin B1, 0.005 thousandth of vitamin B12 and 0.0013 thousandth of L-tartaric acid;
the inorganic salt in the step 2) specifically comprises (NH) with the content of 0.1 percent4)2SO40.25% MgSO40.1% NaCl, 0.1% CaCl2And 0.05% FeCl2；
The stirring speed of the step 3) is 80 r/min;
the ultrafiltration in the step 4) is to perform ultrafiltration on the filtrate by using a 10kDa ultrafiltration membrane and take the filtrate;
the concentration of step 4) means that the filtrate is concentrated at a temperature of 40 ℃.
(III) preparing a sodium metabisulfite compound:
the sodium metabisulfite compound comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.5 percent of sodium metabisulfite;
14.5% of a binder;
and the enteric coating accounts for 85.0 percent. And is prepared according to the following steps:
1) compounding sodium pyrosulfite and a binder into core particles;
2) heating the particle core to 75 ℃;
3) the coating is applied at 100 ℃ and 1.4MPa with a high-pressure pump and spray nozzle, the coating bed temperature being 50 ℃ and the drum speed being 15 r/min.
(IV) preparing the feed additive based on the earthworm fermentation liquor:
specifically, the amino sugar oligomer and sodium metabisulfite compound are added into earthworm fermentation liquor according to the formula amount to obtain a mixture; concentrating the mixture and pulverizing to powder and sieving with 100 mesh sieve.
Experimental example 1: physicochemical property examination of amino sugar oligomers in example 1:
a, respectively dissolving the chitosan and the final product of the amino sugar oligomer in the step 2) when the amino sugar oligomer is prepared in the example 1 by 0.5mol/LHCl to prepare 1% solution, and measuring the relative viscosity of the chitosan and the amino sugar oligomer by an Ubbelohde viscometer, the result shows that the reduced viscosity of the chitosan is 35dl/g, the reduced viscosity of the amino sugar oligomer is 0.05dl/g, the reduction rate is 99.86%, and the amino sugar oligomer has certain solubility in the whole range of pH value and is stable in solution state, so that the dissolution range of the chitosan is greatly expanded, and the chitosan can be more conveniently added into feed additives and absorbed and utilized by livestock and poultry.
B analysis of the characteristic groups of chitosan and amino sugar oligomers by means of Fourier Infrared Spectroscopy, the spectrogram is shown in FIG. 1, which shows the presence of the following groups in the amino sugar oligomers: -CO- (1639 cm)-1)、-NH2(660cm-1,3600-3200cm-1,1640-1560cm-1,910-770cm-1)、-CH2-O-CH2-(1076cm-1)、-CH3(2870cm-1,2960cm-1,1380cm-1)、-OH(1150cm-1) Indicating that the amino sugar oligomers present the main structure of chitosan.
C, analyzing the characteristics of the chitosan fermentation product by using gel permeation chromatography, and measuring the average molecular weight of the aspergillus flavus fermentation chitosan product, wherein the result is shown in figure 2, and the average molecular weight of the product, namely the amino sugar oligomer, is 2435 by calculation, which shows that the polymer is small and the distribution is wide.
The most significant changes in the D amino sugar oligomers compared to chitosan, in addition to molecular weight, were a decrease in the degree of deacetylation and free amino content (as shown in Table 1), indicating a higher and lower ability of Aspergillus tamarii to hydrolyze the N-acetylglucosamine residues in the chitosan molecule.
TABLE 1 degree of deacetylation and free amino content
Example 2: the other feed additive formula based on the earthworm fermentation liquid comprises the following components:
this example provides another formulation of feed additive based on fermented earthworm liquid, which is prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the feed additive of this example only contains fermented earthworm liquid as a basic component.
Example 3: the other feed additive formula based on the earthworm fermentation liquid comprises the following components:
this example provides another formulation of feed supplement based on fermented earthworm broth, which is prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the feed supplement of this example contains only 90% fermented earthworm broth as the basic component and 10% amino sugar oligomer as the synergistic component.
Example 4: the other feed additive formula based on the earthworm fermentation liquid comprises the following components:
this example provides another formulation of feed additive based on earthworm fermentation broth, which is prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the feed additive of this example only contains 90% of earthworm fermentation broth as a basic component and 10% of sodium metabisulfite complex as a synergistic component.
Example 5: the other feed additive formula based on the earthworm fermentation liquid comprises the following components:
this example provides another formulation of feed supplement based on earthworm fermentation broth, which is prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 1, except that the feed supplement of this example comprises 90% earthworm fermentation broth as the base component, 5% amino sugar oligomers as the potentiating component, and 5% sodium metabisulfite complex as the potentiating component.
Example 6: the other feed additive formula based on the earthworm fermentation liquid comprises the following components:
this example provides another formulation of feed supplement based on earthworm fermentation broth, which is prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the feed supplement of this example comprises 90% of earthworm fermentation broth as a base component, 2% of amino sugar oligomer as a synergistic component, and 8% of sodium metabisulfite complex as a synergistic component, i.e., the mass ratio of amino sugar oligomer to sodium metabisulfite complex is 1: 4.
Example 7: the other feed additive formula based on the earthworm fermentation liquid comprises the following components:
the present example provides another feed additive formula based on earthworm fermentation broth, the formula and the preparation method of which are basically the same as those in example 1, except that lactobacillus acidophilus and bacillus subtilis in a weight ratio of 10:3 are added as a composite strain in the feed additive of the present example when earthworm fermentation broth is prepared.
Example 8: the other feed additive formula based on the earthworm fermentation liquid comprises the following components:
this example provides another formulation of feed supplement based on fermented earthworm broth, which is prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 1, except that the amino sugar oligomers in the feed supplement of this example were prepared using mucor circinelloids instead of aspergillus tamarii to ferment chitosan.
Example 9: the other feed additive formula based on the earthworm fermentation liquid comprises the following components:
this example provides another formulation of feed supplement based on fermented earthworm broth, which is prepared in the same manner as example 1, except that the feed supplement of this example is prepared without the addition of L-tartaric acid to the growth factors during the preparation of the amino sugar oligomers.
Example 10: the other feed additive formula based on the earthworm fermentation liquid comprises the following components:
this example provides another formulation of feed supplement based on fermented earthworm broth, which is prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the growth factor used in the preparation of the amino sugar oligomers is D-tartaric acid instead of L-tartaric acid.
Example 11: the other feed additive formula based on the earthworm fermentation liquid comprises the following components:
this example provides another formulation of feed supplement based on fermented earthworm broth, which is prepared in the same manner as example 1, except that the growth factor used in the preparation of the amino sugar oligomers in this example was L-malic acid instead of L-tartaric acid.
Example 12: the other feed additive formula based on the earthworm fermentation liquid comprises the following components:
this example provides another formulation of feed supplement based on fermented earthworm broth, which is prepared in the same manner as example 1, except that the growth factor used in the preparation of the amino sugar oligomers is D-malic acid instead of L-tartaric acid.
Experimental example 2: detection of physicochemical properties of the amino sugar oligomers:
the degree of deacetylation and the free amino content of the amino sugar oligomers in examples 9-12 (as shown in table 2) were determined in sequence, which indicates that trace amounts of L-tartaric acid and L-malic acid had a positive effect on the degradation of chitosan, while the corresponding D-isomer had no significant effect.
TABLE 2 degree of deacetylation and free amino content
Experimental example 3: animal experiments:
a, selecting 1300 heads of white piglets of about 20kg, randomly dividing into 13 groups, feeding 100 heads of each group, compounding commercial feed and corn grits into daily feed according to 70% to 30%, detecting that the content of vomitoxin in the daily feed is 0.5ppm, feeding common daily feed in blank groups, setting the experimental groups as 1-12 groups respectively corresponding to examples 1-12, adding the feed additive of each corresponding example into the commercial daily feed according to 5% of addition amount to feed 1-12 groups of piglets in the experimental groups, wherein the feeding piggeries, the feeding management mode, the feeding time and the weight of the feeding daily feed are the same, freely drinking water and moving, cleaning water grooves and food grooves every day, and cleaning the piggeries, and the feeding time is 30 d.
During the feeding period of B, the feeding amount and the residual material amount of each group are recorded every day, the materials are weighed at noon of 30d, and the following indexes are calculated in a statistical mode:
monthly weight gain from 30d body weight (kg) to 1d body weight (kg);
daily gain (30 d body weight (kg) -1 d body weight (kg))/30 d;
daily consumption is (total feeding amount (kg) -residual material amount (kg))/30 d;
average daily material consumption (kg) and average daily gain (kg);
survival rate (number 30 d-number 1 d)/30
The diarrhea rate (number of pigs with diarrhea/number of initial pigs) was ×%.
The statistical results are shown in table 3, and it can be seen from table 3 that the feed additives based on earthworm fermentation broth in the preferred embodiments of the present application, examples 1 and 11, have the effects of significantly increasing the animal's food intake, promoting digestion, increasing body weight, improving immunity, enhancing the absorption of nutrients, etc., for example, the 1-month diarrhea rate of live pigs is as low as less than 1%, and the relative weight gain of live pigs is as high as more than 10kg (example 1 gains 10.5kg relative to the control group, and example 11 gains 10.2kg relative to the control group), and are high-quality and high-efficiency feed additives.
TABLE 3 growth Performance results for live pig litters
And (4) conclusion:
(1) the embodiment of the invention shows that aspergillus flavus, trace L-tartaric acid and L-malic acid have positive effects on the degradation of chitosan, the corresponding D-isomer has no obvious effect, and the degradation degree and the amino sugar oligomer are positively correlated to the weight increment and the quality improvement of livestock and poultry;
(2) the diarrhea rate of the piglets in example 1 and example 11 is 0%, the survival rate of the piglets in example 1 reaches 100%, and the weight of example 1 is increased by 10.5kg relative to the control group, and the weight of example 11 is increased by 10.2kg relative to the control group, which shows that the feed additive based on the earthworm fermentation broth of the application has significant effects on increasing the feeding, promoting digestion, increasing the weight, improving the immunity, enhancing the absorption of nutrients and the like of animals;
(3) examples 2 and 4 show that sodium metabisulphite complexes are positively effective in reducing the incidence of toxic effects caused by emetic toxins, such as reduced feed intake, growth rate, immunity, survival rate in livestock and poultry, and in combination with example 1 show that amino sugar oligomers are beneficial in enhancing such effects, and it is clear from the comparison of examples 5 and 6 with example 1 that the addition of sodium metabisulphite complexes and amino sugar oligomers in specific proportions can exert such effects to a greater extent.
Conventional techniques in the above embodiments are known to those skilled in the art, and therefore, will not be described in detail herein.
While the above detailed description has shown, described, and pointed out novel features as applied to various embodiments, it will be understood that various omissions, substitutions, and changes in the form and details of the device or method illustrated may be made without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. In addition, the various features and methods described above may be used independently of one another, or may be combined in various ways. All possible combinations and sub-combinations are intended to fall within the scope of the present disclosure. Many of the embodiments described above include similar components, and thus, these similar components are interchangeable in different embodiments. While the invention has been disclosed in the context of certain embodiments and examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention extends beyond the specifically disclosed embodiments to other alternative embodiments and/or uses and obvious modifications and equivalents thereof. Accordingly, the invention is not intended to be limited by the specific disclosure of preferred embodiments herein.
Claims (10)
1. A feed additive based on earthworm fermentation liquor is characterized in that the feed additive comprises:
earthworm fermentation broth as a basic component; and
amino sugar oligomers as synergistic components in combination with sodium metabisulphite;
wherein the amino sugar oligomer is a product of chitosan degraded by aspergillus flavus, the deacetylation degree of the amino sugar oligomer is not higher than 61%, and the content of free amino groups is not higher than 5.5%;
the sodium metabisulfite complex consists of core particles containing sodium metabisulfite and an enteric coating the core ions; and is
The mass ratio of the amino sugar oligomer to the sodium pyrosulfite complex is 4.0-4.5: 1.
2. The feed additive of claim 1, wherein: the amino sugar oligomer and sodium metabisulfite compound as synergistic components occupy 0.01-49.99% of the feed additive.
3. The feed additive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the earthworm fermentation liquor is prepared by the following method:
1) injecting distilled water into a fermentation tank, adding 0.3-0.5 g of beef extract, 1.0-4.0 g of peptone, 0.5-1.0 g of sodium chloride and 2.0-3.5 g of agar into 1000mL of water, and sterilizing at 121 ℃ to obtain a culture solution;
2) adding a composite strain into a fermentation tank, activating, adding 20-120 g of earthworm slurry into every 1000mL of culture solution, fermenting for 12-96 h under the conditions of pH 3.2-5.0, vacuum degree of 0.1-1 Pa, temperature of 33-38 ℃ and stirring speed of 120-150 r/min, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain a first component;
3) drying herba Artemisiae Scopariae, herba Silybi Mariani, rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae, herba Gynostemmatis, cortex Magnolia officinalis and rhizoma Zingiberis recens powder respectively, pulverizing, and sieving with 160 mesh sieve; adding distilled water with the weight being 3-5 times of that of the mixture after mixing, and leaching for 3-5 hours under stirring at the speed of 80-120 r/min to obtain a second component;
4) adding the second component into the first component, adding taurine, selenium yeast and glucose oxidase, and stirring.
4. The feed additive of claim 3, wherein: the composite strain is a mixed strain of lactobacillus acidophilus, bacillus subtilis and mucor circinelloides in a weight ratio of 10: 3-5: 1-2.
5. The feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the preparation method of the amino sugar oligomer comprises the following steps:
1) inoculating 0.5-3.0% of aspergillus flavus into a sterilized and cooled liquid culture medium, and culturing at 25 ℃ and 120-150 r/min for at least 12h to prepare aspergillus flavus seed liquid for later use;
2) dissolving chitosan with 0.1-0.2% HCl to prepare 2.0-3.0% chitosan solution, adding 1.0-1.5% peptone, a small amount of growth factors and inorganic salts, completely dissolving, adjusting pH to 3.5-3.8 with 0.1-0.2% HCl, and dissolving at 121 deg.C under 1.1Kg/cm2Sterilizing for at least 25 min;
3) inoculating 1.5-3.5% of the Aspergillus tamarii seed liquid obtained in the step 1) into the fermentation medium obtained in the step 2), and fermenting for 4-7 days at the temperature of 22-30 ℃ under the condition of stirring and ventilation to obtain a fermentation liquid;
4) filtering, ultrafiltering and concentrating the fermentation liquid obtained in the step 3) to obtain a white powdery product, namely the amino sugar oligomer.
6. The feed additive of claim 5, wherein: the growth factors in the step 2) specifically comprise 0.064-0.08 per thousand of L-cystine, 0.04-0.05 per thousand of L-isoleucine, 0.015-0.03 per thousand of L-glutamine, 0.005-0.009 per thousand of vitamin B1, 0.005-0.009 per thousand of vitamin B12 and 0.001-0.0015 per thousand of L-tartaric acid.
7. The feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the core particle comprising sodium metabisulfite further comprises a binder.
8. The method of any one of claims 1 to 7 for preparing a feed additive based on earthworm fermentation broth, comprising:
1) preparing earthworm fermentation liquor;
2) preparing a complex of the amino sugar oligomer and sodium metabisulfite;
3) adding the amino sugar oligomer and sodium metabisulfite compound into the earthworm fermentation liquor according to the formula amount;
4) concentrating the mixture obtained in the step 3) and crushing to obtain the compound.
9. The use of the earthworm fermentation broth based feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in animal farming, comprising:
-for improving feed conversion ratio; and/or
-for improving weight gain in an individual; and/or
-for improving immune function in an individual; and/or
-for reducing the population of pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of an individual; and/or
-for improving the microbial ecosystem in the gastrointestinal tract of an animal; and/or
-for improving nutritional value, animal health and welfare of animals; and/or
-promoting specific growth of livestock.
10. Use according to claim 9, characterized in that: the animal is at least one of pig, cattle, sheep, chicken, duck, goose or fox.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911419229.8A CN111134236A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Feed additive based on earthworm fermentation liquor, preparation method and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911419229.8A CN111134236A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Feed additive based on earthworm fermentation liquor, preparation method and application thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111134236A true CN111134236A (en) | 2020-05-12 |
Family
ID=70522897
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911419229.8A Pending CN111134236A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Feed additive based on earthworm fermentation liquor, preparation method and application thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111134236A (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103826614A (en) * | 2010-11-16 | 2014-05-28 | 普乐维美北美公司 | Enteric-coated sodium metabisulfite livestock feed additive for vomitoxin detoxification |
| CN105851479A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-08-17 | 中润丰禾饲料有限公司 | Earthworm fermentation liquid, and preparation method and application method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-12-31 CN CN201911419229.8A patent/CN111134236A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103826614A (en) * | 2010-11-16 | 2014-05-28 | 普乐维美北美公司 | Enteric-coated sodium metabisulfite livestock feed additive for vomitoxin detoxification |
| CN105851479A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-08-17 | 中润丰禾饲料有限公司 | Earthworm fermentation liquid, and preparation method and application method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| 丁建南等: "《南方肉羊健康养殖技术》", 31 December 2018, 江西科学技术出版社第1版 * |
| 丛中笑: "壳聚糖降解菌株筛选及其产物应用", 《中国优秀硕士论文全文数据库 医药卫生科技辑》 * |
| 汪多仁: "《现代日用化工产品》", 31 March 2000, 冶金工业出版社第1版 * |
| 王士奎等: "氨基糖寡聚体（ASO－x）的制备及理化性质", 《化学世界》 * |
| 郭兴杰: "《分析化学》", 31 August 2015, 中国医药科技出版社第3版 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR100840145B1 (en) | Fermented feeds for livestock farming using lactic acid bacteria and yeast and processing method thereof | |
| CN102499321B (en) | Nonreactive fermented feed of mixed bacteria and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106906154B (en) | Lactobacillus plantarum strain, feed additive and feed thereof | |
| KR101296837B1 (en) | manufacturing method of fermented feed with tangerine and treber | |
| CN106260504B (en) | Method for producing microbial fermentation wet feed by using beer yeast paste | |
| CN103798540A (en) | Multi-strain microorganism pig feed additive and production method thereof | |
| CN105918615B (en) | Large-scale production method of rice and wheat straw microbial feed | |
| CN105053566B (en) | A kind of bicycle beam wood seed Pepsin feed addictive and preparation method thereof | |
| KR101748368B1 (en) | Fermentation feed for domestic animal comprising liquid fermented sulfuric | |
| KR20100052761A (en) | Fertilizer and feed additives using citrus peel, and method for manufacturing thereof | |
| CN102987077A (en) | Preparation method of seaweed fermented feed | |
| CN103330057A (en) | Composite feed supplement capable of effectively improving feed utilization ratio and preparation thereof | |
| CN110313547A (en) | A kind of novel microbial feed additive formula and its production method | |
| CN112136965B (en) | Immunity-enhancing and growth-promoting fermented Chinese herbal medicine feed additive and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101843297A (en) | Biological fermentation process for improving protein content of cottonseed meal and detoxicating cottonseed meal | |
| CN111134231B (en) | Bacillus Zhangzhou and method for fermenting mulberry leaf powder by using same | |
| KR101018270B1 (en) | Fermented feeds using by-products obtained from food wastes and Processing method thereof | |
| CN110959748A (en) | Liquid fermented feed prepared from waste vegetables and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110710605A (en) | Broussonetia papyrifera leaf fermented feed for improving quality of goat meat and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101491290B (en) | Method for producing livestock birds health cultivation green feed additive using distilled grain | |
| CN110545672A (en) | Method for producing fermented guar flour | |
| CN112961806A (en) | Bacillus coagulans capable of producing lactic acid at high yield, biological fermentation feed and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN107760612A (en) | A kind of aspergillus niger yy07 bacterial strains and its application in solid fermentation produces feeding acid protease | |
| CN102224882B (en) | Preparation method for feed additive with antioxidation function | |
| CN111134236A (en) | Feed additive based on earthworm fermentation liquor, preparation method and application thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |