CN111121888A - Multi-resolution open channel automatic flow measurement method based on area flow velocity method - Google Patents
Multi-resolution open channel automatic flow measurement method based on area flow velocity method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111121888A CN111121888A CN201911333302.XA CN201911333302A CN111121888A CN 111121888 A CN111121888 A CN 111121888A CN 201911333302 A CN201911333302 A CN 201911333302A CN 111121888 A CN111121888 A CN 111121888A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
- G01F1/34—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
- G01F1/36—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
- G01F1/40—Details of construction of the flow constriction devices
- G01F1/46—Pitot tubes
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Abstract
An automatic flow measuring method for multi-resolution open channel based on area flow velocity method includes setting automatic flow measuring device on channel horizontally, dividing grids by measuring point interval and grid number through grid dividing function, inputting parameters in corresponding frame at back edge, moving flow measuring part horizontally and vertically along whole water passing section under drive of step motor to automatically collect all grid flow velocity, transmitting data to upper computer through differential pressure sensor, and calculating flow of whole section automatically by program.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic flow measurement method for an open channel, in particular to a multi-resolution automatic flow measurement method for the open channel based on an area flow velocity method.
Background
The traditional flow measurement method comprises a triangular weir, a flow velocity area method and the like, wherein the flow measurement is carried out by adopting the triangular weir, a baffle plate of the triangular weir needs to be arranged at the section of a water outlet, the baffle plates of the triangular weir with different specifications need to be replaced according to different flows during the flow measurement, the contact surface between the baffle plates and a channel needs to be ensured to be watertight, the installation process is relatively complex, and when the flow exceeds a certain limit, the triangular weir loses the corresponding function and cannot realize the preparation measurement; the flow velocity area method is characterized in that measuring lines are arranged on the whole cross section, the flow velocity of characteristic points on each perpendicular line is measured, a one-point method, a three-point method and a five-point method are adopted, the average flow velocity of the water passing cross section is obtained through the measuring line flow velocity, then the flow of the whole cross section is obtained through Q = AV, but the positions of the characteristic points of different flow rates are different for different specifications and different section forms, so that the measurement is inconvenient, automatic flow measurement is inconvenient to realize, and the requirement of water conservancy informatization cannot be met.
In addition to the conventional flow measurement method, there is also an automatic flow measurement system for an open channel of a rectangular channel, such as an automatic flow measurement system for a rectangular channel based on a pressure sensor, in which the flow measurement step is 1) measuring the flow velocity: the flow velocity of a measuring point is calculated by the pressure difference of the hydrodynamic pressure and the hydrostatic pressure measured by the two pressure sensors through the Bernoulli equation, and the flow velocity of each measuring point can be obtained according to the method; 2) measuring the linear flow velocity: respectively calculating the flow velocity of the submerged measuring points according to the number of the measuring points of the submerged sensor, and weighting and averaging the flow velocity of each measuring point to obtain the flow velocity of the measuring line; 3) surface flow velocity measurement: the flow velocity of the second and third … Nth measuring lines is obtained by the automatic transverse movement of the mechanical transmission mechanism, the flow velocity v of the measuring surface is obtained by the weighted average of the flow velocities of the N measuring lines, and the flow of the rectangular cross section is obtained by the formula Q = AV, wherein v is the average flow velocity of the rectangular cross section, and A is the area of the rectangular cross section.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the specific technical problem of accurate flow measurement under the condition that different average flow velocities of flows are difficult to obtain, and provides a multi-resolution open channel automatic flow measurement method based on an area flow velocity method.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
A multi-resolution open channel automatic flow measurement method based on an area flow velocity method is characterized in that: the automatic flow measuring method comprises the following steps:
(1) an automatic current measuring device is arranged and comprises an upper computer, an automatic control center singlechip, a GPRS communication module, a stepping motor and four supports; the automatic flow measuring device is characterized in that a level gauge is arranged at the upper parts of two mutually vertical aluminum alloy frames, and the leveling of the whole device is realized through a support; a stepping motor is arranged in the horizontal direction to drive a synchronous belt to rotate around a synchronous wheel, and drives another stepping motor to move along the horizontal direction of a polished rod, and a stepping motor in the vertical direction drives a screw rod to rotate and simultaneously drives a lifting plate and a pitot tube to do vertical movement;
(2) placing the automatic flow measuring devices on two sides above the channel of the open channel, adjusting the level meter to be horizontal, and then switching on a power supply;
(3) dividing grids by using the grid division function of the upper computer and measuring point intervals and the number of the grids, and inputting parameters in a corresponding frame at the back side;
(4) clicking on an interface of an upper computer to start flow measurement, automatically moving a flow measurement part horizontally and vertically along the whole water passing section under the driving of a stepping motor to start measurement, automatically collecting all grid flow velocities, and simultaneously transmitting the flow velocities to the upper computer through a differential pressure sensor;
the beginning flow measurement is that after the pitot tube is driven by the movement of the stepping motor to move downwards to the center of the grid 1, the liquid level height h of the small hole on the side surface is detected through the pitot tube1And the liquid level of the front end small hole is high2；
Wherein: liquid level height h of side small hole1Is the hydrostatic pressure at 1
To pass the horizontal plane at 1 through the reference plane, the total energy at 1 point
Therefore, it can be obtained according to the formula
Then grid 1' s
Calculating and displaying the flow to an interface of the equipment;
similarly, the Pitot tube is sequentially moved to 2, 3 and 4 … … 20, and the flow Q is calculated2、Q3……Q20Finally, the flow of the whole section is measured
(i=1、2、3……20）；
(5) The upper computer receives data uploaded by the differential pressure sensor and automatically calculates the flow of the whole section by using a program.
Compared with the prior art, the multi-resolution open channel automatic flow measurement method based on the area flow velocity method has the innovation points that automatic flow measurement of any water level of an open channel is realized, the flow measurement method is simple, the whole flow measurement process is completely automated, the defect of the traditional triangular weir flow measurement is overcome, the situation that the position of the characteristic point of the flow velocity area method is changed and the flow is inconvenient to measure under different specifications and different section forms and different flow rates does not exist, the whole process automation is realized, and the method is particularly suitable for civil open channel flow measurement of different specifications.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the multi-point automatic flow measuring device for the open channel.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a U50 rectangular channel structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the flow measurement system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a rectangular open channel automatic detection system based on a pressure sensor.
In the figure: 1: a support; 2: a nut; 3: an aluminum alloy frame; 4: a level gauge; 5: a first polish rod; 6: a synchronous belt; 7: a polished rod fixing part; 8: a first synchronizing wheel; 9: a first stepper motor; 10: a pitot tube; 11: a second stepping motor; 12: a second synchronizing wheel; 13: a differential pressure sensor; 14: a fixing member; 15: lifting the plate; 16: a screw rod; 17: a second polished rod.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, the method for automatically measuring flow of a multi-resolution open channel based on an area flow rate method provided by the present invention is implemented, and the method for automatically measuring flow of an open channel is implemented by setting an automatic flow measuring device and performing the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, an automatic flow measuring device is arranged, and the device comprises an upper computer, a single chip microcomputer of an automatic control center, a GPRS communication module, a stepping motor and four supports; the automatic flow measuring device is characterized in that a level meter 4 is arranged on the upper portions of two aluminum alloy frames 3 which are perpendicular to each other, the integral device is in a horizontal position through a support 1, a first stepping motor 9 is arranged in the horizontal direction to drive a first synchronous wheel 8 to rotate, then a second stepping motor 11 is driven to move in the horizontal direction along a second polished rod 17, the first stepping motor 9 in the vertical direction drives a screw rod 16 to rotate, and meanwhile, a lifting plate 15 and a pitot tube 10 are driven to move vertically.
And step two, arranging the automatic flow measuring devices at two sides above the channel of the open channel, adjusting the level meter 4 to be in a horizontal position, and then switching on a power supply to measure the flow.
And thirdly, using the mesh division function of the upper computer, dividing meshes by measuring point intervals and the number of the meshes, and inputting parameters in a corresponding frame at the back side.
And fourthly, clicking on an interface of the upper computer to start flow measurement, automatically moving a flow measurement part horizontally and vertically along the whole water passing section under the driving of a stepping motor to start measurement, automatically acquiring the flow velocity of all grids, and simultaneously transmitting the flow velocity to the upper computer through a differential pressure sensor 13.
The beginning of flow measurement is that after the pitot tube 10 is driven by the movement of the stepping motor to move down to the center of the grid 1, the liquid level height h of the side small hole is detected by the pitot tube 101And the liquid level of the front end small hole is high2；
Wherein: liquid level height h of side small hole1Is the hydrostatic pressure at 1
To pass the horizontal plane at 1 through the reference plane, the total energy at 1 point
Therefore, it can be obtained according to the formula
Then grid 1' s
The flow is calculated and displayed to the interface of the device.
Similarly, the Pitot tube is sequentially moved to 2, 3 and 4 … … 20, and the flow Q is calculated2、Q3……Q20Finally, the flow of the positive section is measured
(i=1、2、3……20）。
And step five, the upper computer receives data uploaded by the differential pressure sensor 13, and the flow of the whole section is automatically calculated by using a program.
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 4 makes it possible for those skilled in the art to make a multi-resolution automatic open channel flow measuring device based on the area flow velocity method according to the embodiments and to use the present invention to realize automatic flow measurement.
Firstly, placing an automatic flow measuring device above a channel, observing whether bubbles in two gradienters are centered, if so, keeping the measuring device in a horizontal state, and performing the next operation, and if not, adjusting the heights of four supports to center the bubbles; then the power is switched on to start measurement, and the measurement data is transmitted to a computer or other equipment in real time through the sensor.
The method can divide the water cross section of the channel into a plurality of grids through grid division in an upper computer software interface, then the measurement is started by clicking, as shown in figure 2, the pitot tube moves to the center of the grid 1 under the moving drive of the stepping motor, and the pitot tube measures the liquid level height h of a small hole on the side surface of the pitot tube with two values at the position1And the liquid level of the front end small hole is high2(ii) a Wherein h is1Represents the hydrostatic pressure at 1
To pass the horizontal plane at 1 through the reference plane, the total energy at 1 point
. So according to the formula
Then grid 1' s
Calculating and displaying the flow to an interface of the equipment; similarly, the Pitot tube is sequentially moved to 2, 3 and 4 … … 20, and the flow Q is calculated2、Q3……Q20Finally, the flow of the positive section is measured
(i=1、2、3……20）。
By implementing the multi-resolution open channel automatic flow measurement method based on the area flow velocity method, the problem that the automation of a flow measurement device is inconvenient to realize or the accuracy is insufficient due to different positions of characteristic points along with different flow rates during flow measurement by the flow velocity area method is solved.
The method is implemented by taking a rectangular channel as an embodiment, and the flow measurement of channels with different section shapes can be realized by programming programs, such as a u-shaped channel and a trapezoidal channel; and the whole device has low cost, simple structure and convenient popularization and practical value.
Claims (1)
1. A multi-resolution open channel automatic flow measurement method based on an area flow velocity method is characterized in that: the automatic flow measuring method comprises the following steps:
(1) an automatic current measuring device is arranged and comprises an upper computer, an automatic control center singlechip, a GPRS communication module, a stepping motor and four supports; the automatic flow measuring device is characterized in that a level gauge is arranged at the upper parts of two mutually vertical aluminum alloy frames, and the leveling of the whole device is realized through a support; a second stepping motor (11) is arranged in the horizontal direction to drive the synchronous belt to rotate around the synchronous wheel, a first stepping motor (9) is driven to move in the horizontal direction along the first polished rod (5), and a stepping motor (9) in the vertical direction drives a screw rod to rotate and simultaneously drives a lifting plate and a pitot tube to do vertical motion;
(2) placing the automatic flow measuring devices on two sides above the channel of the open channel, adjusting the level meter to be horizontal, and then switching on a power supply;
(3) dividing grids by using the grid division function of the upper computer and measuring point intervals and the number of the grids, and inputting parameters in a corresponding frame at the back side;
(4) clicking on an interface of an upper computer to start flow measurement, automatically moving a flow measurement part horizontally and vertically along the whole water passing section under the driving of a stepping motor to start measurement, automatically collecting all grid flow velocities, and simultaneously transmitting the flow velocities to the upper computer through a differential pressure sensor;
the beginning flow measurement is that after the pitot tube is driven by the movement of the stepping motor to move downwards to the center of the grid 1, the liquid level height h of the small hole on the side surface is detected through the pitot tube1And the liquid level of the front end small hole is high2；
Wherein: liquid level height h of side small hole1Is the hydrostatic pressure at 1
To pass the horizontal plane at 1 through the reference plane, the total energy at 1 point
Therefore, according to the formula
Then grid 1' s
Calculating and displaying the flow to an interface of the equipment;
similarly, the Pitot tube is sequentially moved to 2, 3 and 4 … … 20, and the flow Q is calculated2、Q3……Q20Finally, the flow of the whole section is measured
(i=1、2、3……20）；
(5) The upper computer receives data uploaded by the differential pressure sensor and automatically calculates the flow of the whole section by using a program.
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| CN201911333302.XA CN111121888A (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2019-12-23 | Multi-resolution open channel automatic flow measurement method based on area flow velocity method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113358163A (en) * | 2020-11-07 | 2021-09-07 | 济南和一汇盛科技发展有限责任公司 | Open channel section water flow online measuring device and measuring and controlling method |
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| CN113358163A (en) * | 2020-11-07 | 2021-09-07 | 济南和一汇盛科技发展有限责任公司 | Open channel section water flow online measuring device and measuring and controlling method |
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