CN111119799A - Natural gas hydrate exploitation device and method - Google Patents
Natural gas hydrate exploitation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111119799A CN111119799A CN202010068241.5A CN202010068241A CN111119799A CN 111119799 A CN111119799 A CN 111119799A CN 202010068241 A CN202010068241 A CN 202010068241A CN 111119799 A CN111119799 A CN 111119799A
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- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 natural gas hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013000 chemical inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
- E21B7/185—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets underwater
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a natural gas hydrate exploitation device, which comprises a lifting mechanism and a solid-liquid-gas separation mechanism; the lifting mechanism comprises a single-screw pump; the solid-liquid-gas separation mechanism comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder; the middle upper part of the side wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of through holes for solid-liquid media to pass through; the outlet end at the top of the single-screw pump is communicated with the bottom of the inner cylinder; the top cover is provided with a second driving mechanism for driving the inner cylinder to rotate. The invention also discloses a natural gas hydrate exploitation method, which adopts depressurization exploitation and has the characteristic of low exploitation cost, and simultaneously, a mode of jointly lifting sand, water and natural gas is used, sand prevention well completion is not carried out, and the defect that the yield is reduced because sand prevention is carried out in the conventional hydrate depressurization exploitation process is avoided; the sand, the water and the natural gas are lifted by the screw pump, and then the natural gas is separated from the water and the sand, and the separation is finished when the natural gas reaches the offshore platform, so that the productivity of the natural gas hydrate is improved, and manpower and material resources are saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of natural gas hydrate exploitation, and particularly relates to a natural gas hydrate exploitation device and method.
Background
The natural gas hydrate is a crystalline compound formed by combining natural gas and water molecules, the reservoir layer of the natural gas hydrate is mainly distributed in a deep sea rock stratum, and the natural gas hydrate has the advantages of large resource quantity, high energy density, low pollution and the like, and is an important follow-up clean energy with good prospect. Therefore, the realization of the development and utilization of natural gas hydrate resources has important significance for promoting the development of energy industry, improving energy consumption structure, ensuring energy safe supply, promoting ecological civilization construction and maintaining the sustainable development of economy and society. However, industrial exploitation of offshore natural gas hydrates has not been achieved on a global scale, and only a few countries, such as the united states, japan, and china, have been experimentally exploited industrially.
Three possible methods for exploiting natural gas hydrates are proposed at present: thermal excitation, depressurization, and chemical inhibitor methods. The reservoir where the natural gas hydrate is located is often complex in condition due to the particularity of the formation of the natural gas hydrate, and the natural gas hydrate reservoir is disturbed by the mining modes, so that a large amount of sand is produced. Therefore, the three mining methods proposed at present need to adopt technical means of mechanical sand control or chemical sand control.
However, the natural gas hydrate reservoir is often an extremely fine sand reservoir, and the existing mining mode combining the sand control means can reduce the mining efficiency, reduce the productivity and increase the development cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a natural gas hydrate exploitation device and a method, wherein a technical means of combining screw pump lifting and solid-liquid-gas separation is adopted to lift a mixture of natural gas, water and superfine sand together, and then separate and store the mixture, so that the natural gas hydrate is exploited without sand prevention; the device has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in operation and capability of improving the productivity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a natural gas hydrate exploitation device comprises a lifting mechanism and a solid-liquid-gas separation mechanism which are positioned in a shaft;
the lifting mechanism comprises a single-screw pump, and a front cover is arranged at the bottom inlet end of the single-screw pump;
the solid-liquid-gas separation mechanism comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder which are coaxially arranged and positioned outside and inside, and top covers and bases are respectively arranged at the tops and the bottoms of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; the middle upper part of the side wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of through holes for solid-liquid media to pass through;
the outlet end at the top of the single-screw pump is communicated with the bottom of the inner cylinder;
the top cover is provided with a second driving mechanism for driving the inner cylinder to rotate;
a solid-liquid transmission pipeline is arranged in an annular space between the outer barrel and the inner barrel, one end of the solid-liquid transmission pipeline extends to the bottom of the outer barrel, the other end of the solid-liquid transmission pipeline is upwards connected with an inlet of an electric pump on the offshore platform, and an outlet of the electric pump is connected with a solid-liquid storage tank on the offshore platform through an outlet pipe;
the top of the inner cylinder is provided with a gas phase transmission pipeline, one end of the gas phase transmission pipeline is inserted into the top of the inner cylinder, and the other end of the gas phase transmission pipeline is upwards connected with a natural gas storage tank on the offshore platform.
Preferably, the front cover is of a cylindrical structure with a thin upper part and a thick lower part.
Preferably, the inner cylinder comprises a lower inner cylinder made of a steel plate at the bottom and an upper inner cylinder made of a gauze at the upper part.
Preferably, the height of the upper inner cylinder is four times of the height of the lower inner cylinder.
Preferably, the top of the inner cylinder is provided with an isolation net.
Preferably, the bottom inlet end of the single-screw pump is connected with the front cover through a lower joint; the top outlet end of the single-screw pump is connected with the base through an upper joint.
Preferably, the top cover is further provided with a first driving mechanism for driving the single-screw pump to work, the bottom end of the first driving mechanism is provided with a transmission rod, and the end part of the transmission rod downwards penetrates through the top cover and the inner cylinder to be connected with a rotor in the single-screw pump.
A natural gas hydrate mining method comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: drilling a natural gas hydrate reservoir layer between an overlying strata layer and a lower overlying strata layer by using a drill bit on an offshore platform through a seawater layer to form a main well bore, and then putting a shaft reserved with branch holes for well cementation;
step two: respectively drilling radial horizontal wells through branch holes reserved in a shaft by using a high-pressure water jet device;
step three: the natural gas hydrate exploitation device is installed in the shaft, and decompression exploitation is carried out;
step four: firstly, starting a first driving device to enable a single-screw pump to work, and lifting a mixture of water, natural gas and sand to a solid-liquid-gas separation mechanism through mutual matching of a rotor and a stator of the single-screw pump;
step five: then starting a second driving mechanism to rotate the inner cylinder to separate fine sand, water and natural gas; starting an electric pump, opening a first valve to pump the separated superfine sand and water into a solid-liquid storage tank, and opening a second valve to store the separated natural gas into a natural gas storage tank;
step six: and after the mining is finished, the first driving mechanism is closed, the second driving mechanism is closed, and finally the electric pump, the first valve and the second valve are closed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the natural gas hydrate exploitation device adopts a technical means of combining screw pump lifting and solid-liquid-gas separation, so that a mixture of natural gas, water and superfine sand is lifted together, and then separated and stored, and the natural gas hydrate is exploited without sand prevention; the device has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in operation and capability of improving the productivity.
(2) The lifting mechanism and the solid-liquid-gas separation mechanism in the natural gas hydrate exploitation device are both positioned in the shaft, so that the separation of the natural gas, the water and the sand is completed in the shaft, and the separation is completed when the natural gas reaches the platform, thereby reducing the workload of related workers and saving manpower and material resources; meanwhile, the single-screw pump is adopted in the mining device for lifting, and the mining device has the characteristics of simple structure, large displacement, difficulty in air locking and low cost.
(3) The natural gas hydrate exploitation method adopts depressurization exploitation, has the characteristics of low exploitation cost and continuous excitation, simultaneously adopts a mode of jointly lifting sand, water and natural gas, does not perform sand prevention well completion, and avoids the defect of yield reduction caused by sand prevention in the conventional hydrate depressurization exploitation process.
(4) According to the natural gas hydrate exploitation method, the radial horizontal wells are respectively drilled through the branch holes reserved in the shaft by using the high-pressure water jet device, so that the exploitation contact area is increased, the well network is optimized, and the productivity of the natural gas hydrate is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a natural gas hydrate production apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a solid-liquid-gas separating mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the lifting mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic radial cross-sectional view of a single screw pump according to the present invention;
wherein:
1-a first drive mechanism; 2-a second drive mechanism; 3-a first valve; 4-a solid-liquid transmission pipeline; 5-an electric pump; 6-an outlet pipe; 7-solid-liquid storage tank; 8-an offshore platform; 9-sea water layer; 10-an overburden; 11-natural gas hydrate reservoir; 12-the overburden; 13-radial horizontal well; 14-branched perforations; 15-a front cover; 16-lower joint; 17-a cement sheath; 18-a wellbore; 19-a lifting mechanism; 20-upper joint; 21-a solid-liquid-gas separation mechanism; 22-a transmission rod; 23-a gas phase transmission line; 24-natural gas storage tanks; 25-a second valve; 26-an isolation net; 27-inner cylinder; 271-a lower inner cylinder; 272-upper inner cylinder; 28-outer cylinder; 29-a base; 30-a rotor; 31-a stator; 32-single screw pump.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "bottom", "top", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only terms of relationships determined for convenience in describing structural relationships of the components or elements of the present invention, and do not particularly indicate any components or elements of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, terms such as "connected" and "connecting" should be interpreted broadly, and mean either a fixed connection or an integral connection or a detachable connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be determined according to specific situations by persons skilled in the relevant scientific or technical field, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a natural gas hydrate production device comprises a lifting mechanism 19 and a solid-liquid-gas separation mechanism 21 which are positioned in a shaft 18; the lifting mechanism 19 and the solid-liquid-gas separation mechanism 21 are both positioned in the shaft 18, so that the separation of natural gas, water and sand is completed in the shaft 18 and is completed when the natural gas reaches the offshore platform 8, the workload of related workers is reduced, and manpower and material resources are saved;
the lifting mechanism 19 comprises a single-screw pump 32, and a front cover 15 is arranged at the inlet end of the bottom of the single-screw pump 32; the single-screw pump 32 is adopted for lifting in the mining device, and the mining device has the characteristics of simple structure, large displacement, difficult air lock and low cost; the structure of the single-screw pump 32 is schematically shown in FIGS. 3-4;
as shown in fig. 2, the solid-liquid-gas separation mechanism 21 includes an outer cylinder 28 and an inner cylinder 27, which are coaxially disposed, and a top cover and a base 29 are respectively disposed at the top and the bottom of the outer cylinder 28 and the inner cylinder 27; the middle upper part of the side wall of the inner cylinder 27 is provided with a plurality of through holes for solid-liquid media to pass through;
the outlet end of the top of the single-screw pump 32 is communicated with the bottom of the inner cylinder 27;
the top cover is provided with a second driving mechanism 2 for driving the inner cylinder 27 to rotate; wherein, the top and the bottom of the inner cylinder 27 are rotationally connected with the top cover and the base 29 through bearings;
a solid-liquid transmission pipeline 4 is arranged in an annular space between the outer cylinder 28 and the inner cylinder 27, one end of the solid-liquid transmission pipeline 4 extends to the bottom of the outer cylinder 28, the other end of the solid-liquid transmission pipeline 4 is upwards connected with an inlet of an electric pump 5 positioned on the offshore platform 8, and an outlet of the electric pump 5 is connected with a solid-liquid storage tank 7 positioned on the offshore platform 8 through an outlet pipe 6; specifically, the other end of the solid-liquid transmission pipeline 4 upwards passes through holes reserved on the top cover, the first driving mechanism 1 and the second driving mechanism 2 and is connected with an electric pump 5 positioned on an offshore platform 8, and a first valve 3 is arranged on the solid-liquid transmission pipeline 4 positioned outside a shaft 18; wherein the solid-liquid storage tank 7 is internally provided with a monitoring device which is a water quality sensor and is used for detecting parameters such as metal content, pH value, temperature, salinity and the like in water, and when the parameters meet the safety and environmental protection standard, separated water and fine sand are directly discharged to the seabed and do not meet the safety and environmental protection standard, the recovery treatment is carried out;
the top of the inner cylinder 27 is provided with a gas phase transmission pipeline 23, one end of the gas phase transmission pipeline 23 is inserted into the top of the inner cylinder 27, and the other end of the gas phase transmission pipeline 23 is upwards connected with a natural gas storage tank 24 on the offshore platform 8; specifically, the other end of the gas phase transmission pipeline 23 passes through the holes reserved on the top cover, the first driving mechanism 1 and the second driving mechanism 2 upwards to be connected with a natural gas storage tank 24 on the offshore platform 8, and a second valve 25 is arranged on the gas phase transmission pipeline 23 outside the shaft 18.
The inner cylinder 27 is driven by the second driving mechanism 2 to rotate, the formed centrifugal force enables the superfine sand, water and natural gas to be separated, the superfine sand and the water can be thrown into an annular space between the outer cylinder 28 and the inner cylinder 27 through a through hole on the inner cylinder 27, and are gathered at the bottom of the annular space under the action of gravity, and then are conveyed to the solid-liquid storage tank 7 through the electric pump 5 and the solid-liquid conveying pipeline 4; and the natural gas enters the natural gas storage tank 24 through the gas phase transmission pipeline 23 at the upper end of the cavity of the inner cylinder 27.
Preferably, the front cover 15 is a cylindrical structure with a thin upper part and a thick lower part, when pressure reduction exploitation is carried out, the natural gas hydrate reservoir 11 starts to be decomposed, natural gas, water and superfine sand enter the shaft 18 through the radial horizontal well 13 and the branch hole 14, and then enter the single-screw pump 32 through the front cover 15, wherein the lower end opening of the front cover 15 is large, the upper end opening is small, so that a mixture can conveniently enter the single-screw pump 32, and the single-screw pump 32 is matched with the stator 31 through the rotation of the rotor 30 to lift the mixture of the natural gas, the water and the sand together.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the inner cylinder 27 includes a lower inner cylinder 271 made of a steel plate at the bottom and an upper inner cylinder 272 made of a gauze at the upper portion.
Preferably, the height of the upper inner barrel 272 is four times the height of the lower inner barrel 271.
Wherein the upper inner cylinder 272 composed of a gauze is used for separation of fine sand, water and natural gas, and the annular space formed by the lower inner cylinder 271 composed of a steel plate and the outer cylinder 28 is used for temporarily storing the separated fine sand and water.
Preferably, the top of the inner cylinder 27 is provided with an isolation net 26; the isolation net 26 at the upper end of the inner cylinder 27 plays a role in isolating part of fine sand carried by natural gas.
Preferably, the bottom inlet end of the single-screw pump 32 is connected with the front cover 15 through a lower joint 16; the outlet end of the top of the single-screw pump 32 is connected with the base 29 through the upper joint 20. Specifically, the base 29 is provided with a communication hole for communicating the outlet end of the top of the single-screw pump 32 with the bottom of the inner cylinder 27.
Preferably, the top cover is further provided with a first driving mechanism 1 for driving the single-screw pump 32 to work, specifically, the first driving mechanism 1 provides torque for the rotor 30 in the single-screw pump 32, the bottom end of the first driving mechanism 1 is provided with a transmission rod 22, and the end of the transmission rod 22 passes through the top cover and the inner cylinder 27 downwards to be connected with the rotor 30 in the single-screw pump 32.
Example 2:
a natural gas hydrate mining method comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: drilling a natural gas hydrate reservoir stratum 11 between an overburden layer 10 and a lower overburden layer 12 on an offshore platform 8 through a seawater layer 9 by using a drill bit to form a main borehole, and then setting a shaft 18 reserved with branch holes 14 for well cementation; wherein, the outer wall surface of the lower part of the shaft 18 is provided with a cement sheath 17;
step two: respectively drilling radial horizontal wells 13 through branch holes 14 reserved in a shaft 18 by using a high-pressure water jet device; the arrangement of the radial horizontal well 13 increases the mining contact area, optimizes a well network and improves the productivity of the natural gas hydrate;
step three: installing the natural gas hydrate production device described in example 1 in the shaft 18, and carrying out depressurization production; specifically, the lifting mechanism 19 and the solid-liquid-gas separation mechanism 21 are lowered into the shaft 18, and the solid-liquid transmission pipeline 4, the electric pump 5, the solid-liquid storage tank 7, the gas-phase transmission pipeline 23 and the natural gas storage tank 24 are respectively installed;
step four: firstly, starting a first driving device 1 to enable a single-screw pump 32 to work, and lifting a mixture of water, natural gas and sand to a solid-liquid-gas separation mechanism 21 through mutual matching of a rotor 30 and a stator 31 of the single-screw pump 32;
step five: then, the second driving mechanism 2 is started to rotate the inner cylinder 27, and fine sand, water and natural gas are separated; starting the electric pump 5, opening the first valve 3 to pump the separated superfine sand and water into the solid-liquid storage tank 7, and opening the second valve 25 to store the separated natural gas into the natural gas storage tank 24;
step six: after the mining is finished, the first driving mechanism 1 is closed, then the second driving mechanism 2 is closed, and finally the electric pump 5, the first valve 3 and the second valve 25 are closed.
In the process of mining, whether water and sand in the solid-liquid storage tank 7 meet the safety and environmental protection standard or not is checked through the monitoring device, if the water and sand meet the safety and environmental protection standard, the water and sand are directly discharged to the seabed, and if the water and sand do not meet the safety and environmental protection standard, the water and sand are recycled.
The natural gas hydrate exploitation method adopts depressurization exploitation, has the characteristics of low exploitation cost and continuous excitation, simultaneously utilizes a mode of jointly lifting sand, water and natural gas, does not perform sand prevention well completion, and avoids the defect of yield reduction caused by sand prevention in the conventional hydrate depressurization exploitation process; the sand, the water and the natural gas are lifted by the screw pump, then the natural gas is separated from the water and the sand, and the separation is finished when the natural gas reaches the offshore platform, so that the productivity of the natural gas hydrate is improved, and manpower and material resources are saved; meanwhile, the invention has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient operation, high mining efficiency and high productivity.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made without inventive efforts based on the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A natural gas hydrate exploitation device is characterized by comprising a lifting mechanism and a solid-liquid-gas separation mechanism which are positioned in a shaft;
the lifting mechanism comprises a single-screw pump, and a front cover is arranged at the bottom inlet end of the single-screw pump;
the solid-liquid-gas separation mechanism comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder which are coaxially arranged and positioned outside and inside, and top covers and bases are respectively arranged at the tops and the bottoms of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; the middle upper part of the side wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of through holes for solid-liquid media to pass through;
the outlet end at the top of the single-screw pump is communicated with the bottom of the inner cylinder;
the top cover is provided with a second driving mechanism for driving the inner cylinder to rotate;
a solid-liquid transmission pipeline is arranged in an annular space between the outer barrel and the inner barrel, one end of the solid-liquid transmission pipeline extends to the bottom of the outer barrel, the other end of the solid-liquid transmission pipeline is upwards connected with an inlet of an electric pump on the offshore platform, and an outlet of the electric pump is connected with a solid-liquid storage tank on the offshore platform through an outlet pipe;
the top of the inner cylinder is provided with a gas phase transmission pipeline, one end of the gas phase transmission pipeline is inserted into the top of the inner cylinder, and the other end of the gas phase transmission pipeline is upwards connected with a natural gas storage tank on the offshore platform.
2. A gas hydrate mining device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front cover is of a cylindrical structure with a thin upper part and a thick lower part.
3. A natural gas hydrate mining device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner cylinder comprises a lower inner cylinder made of steel plate at a bottom portion and an upper inner cylinder made of gauze at an upper portion.
4. A natural gas hydrate mining device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the height of the upper inner drum is four times the height of the lower inner drum.
5. A natural gas hydrate mining device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top of the inner barrel is provided with an isolation mesh.
6. The gas hydrate mining device according to claim 1, wherein the bottom inlet end of the single-screw pump is connected with the front cover through a lower joint; the top outlet end of the single-screw pump is connected with the base through an upper joint.
7. The natural gas hydrate mining device according to claim 1, wherein the top cover is further provided with a first driving mechanism for driving the single-screw pump to work, the bottom end of the first driving mechanism is provided with a transmission rod, and the end part of the transmission rod penetrates through the top cover and the inner cylinder downwards to be connected with a rotor in the single-screw pump.
8. A natural gas hydrate exploitation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: drilling a natural gas hydrate reservoir layer between an overlying strata layer and a lower overlying strata layer by using a drill bit on an offshore platform through a seawater layer to form a main well bore, and then putting a shaft reserved with branch holes for well cementation;
step two: respectively drilling radial horizontal wells through branch holes reserved in a shaft by using a high-pressure water jet device;
step three: installing a natural gas hydrate exploitation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in a shaft for depressurization exploitation;
step four: firstly, starting a first driving device to enable a single-screw pump to work, and lifting a mixture of water, natural gas and sand to a solid-liquid-gas separation mechanism through mutual matching of a rotor and a stator of the single-screw pump;
step five: then starting a second driving mechanism to rotate the inner cylinder to separate fine sand, water and natural gas; starting an electric pump, opening a first valve to pump the separated superfine sand and water into a solid-liquid storage tank, and opening a second valve to store the separated natural gas into a natural gas storage tank;
step six: and after the mining is finished, the first driving mechanism is closed, the second driving mechanism is closed, and finally the electric pump, the first valve and the second valve are closed.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010068241.5A CN111119799A (en) | 2020-01-21 | 2020-01-21 | Natural gas hydrate exploitation device and method |
| PCT/CN2020/075649 WO2021147126A1 (en) | 2020-01-21 | 2020-02-18 | Gas hydrate mining apparatus and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010068241.5A CN111119799A (en) | 2020-01-21 | 2020-01-21 | Natural gas hydrate exploitation device and method |
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| CN111119799A true CN111119799A (en) | 2020-05-08 |
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| CN202010068241.5A Pending CN111119799A (en) | 2020-01-21 | 2020-01-21 | Natural gas hydrate exploitation device and method |
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| CN (1) | CN111119799A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021147126A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113092732A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-07-09 | 青岛理工大学 | Natural gas hydrate exploitation simulation and sand production and prevention experimental method |
| CN115929261A (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2023-04-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Marine natural gas hydrate multi-row horizontal well layered mining device and method |
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| WO2021147126A1 (en) | 2021-07-29 |
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