CN215444027U - Ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for natural gas hydrate depressurization mining - Google Patents
Ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for natural gas hydrate depressurization mining Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for natural gas hydrate depressurization mining, the exploitation structure comprises an injection well and an exploitation well which are respectively drilled into a free gas layer, an injection platform arranged above the injection well, an exploitation platform arranged above the exploitation well, a sand control screen fixedly arranged at the end part of the bottom end of the exploitation well, exploitation equipment arranged on the exploitation platform and used for exploiting and exploiting natural gas hydrate in the exploitation well, an ultrasonic auxiliary device which can be put into the injection well, and a control system which is arranged on the injection platform and is electrically connected with the ultrasonic auxiliary device and used for controlling the ultrasonic auxiliary device, the extraction well is a vertical well, the injection well comprises a vertical well section and a horizontal well section arranged at the bottom end of the vertical well section, the tail end of the horizontal well section extends to the position of the bottom end of the mining well, and the ultrasonic auxiliary device is put into the position, close to the sand control screen, of the tail end of the horizontal well section.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of sea area natural gas hydrate exploitation, in particular to an ultrasonic vibration combined exploitation structure for natural gas hydrate depressurization exploitation.
Background
The natural gas hydrate is a crystalline solid substance formed by gas molecules (mainly methane) and water under certain temperature and pressure conditions, and is commonly called as 'combustible ice'. The natural gas hydrate is widely distributed in a permafrost layer on land and a sedimentary layer at the edge of the sea bed of the continental land in the nature, has rich reserves and is clean, is considered as novel clean energy with a prospect and has extremely high resource value.
The existing natural gas hydrate mining method mainly comprises the following steps: a pressure reduction method, a heat injection method, a chemical reagent injection method, a carbon dioxide substitution method, and the like. The heat injection method has large injection heat, most of the injected heat is consumed on reservoir rock fluid, so that the exploitation efficiency is low, and only local heating can be realized; the chemical reagent injection method has high cost, slow reaction rate and easy environmental pollution; the carbon dioxide displacement method has slow reaction and low displacement efficiency.
At present, the natural gas hydrate is generally mined by a depressurization method. The depressurization method is a process of reducing the pressure of a gas hydrate reservoir through pumping action to be lower than the equilibrium pressure of the hydrate under the temperature condition of the region, so that the hydrate is subjected to phase change from solid decomposition to generate methane gas. Depressurization is generally achieved by lowering the equilibrium pressure of the free gas accumulation layer below the hydrate layer, and when the pressure reaches the decomposition pressure of the hydrate, the hydrate in contact with the free gas is unstable for hundreds of years and decomposes to form carbon dioxide and water. If the natural gas hydrate gas reservoir is adjacent to a conventional natural gas reservoir, the reservoir pressure can be reduced by exploiting free gas below the hydrate layer, and as the free gas is continuously reduced, the balance between the natural gas hydrate and the gas is continuously destroyed, so that the gas hydrate layer begins to melt and the produced gas is continuously supplemented into the free gas reservoir until the natural gas hydrate is exploited. The depressurization method can be used for mining two types of natural gas hydrate deposits, namely a hydrate bottom layer and a hydrate cover layer are non-permeable layers; the other is that the hydrate cover layer is an impermeable layer, a large amount of free natural gas is stored under the hydrate layer, but secondary hydrate is easily generated around a well wall or a pipe column in the process of exploitation by adopting a depressurization method, so that the exploitation efficiency is reduced.
The ultrasonic wave has a good effect on the sand prevention of the hydrate reservoir, the permeability of the reservoir can be improved through the hole effect generated by the transmission of the ultrasonic wave in the gap of the hydrate reservoir, the purpose of increasing the yield is realized, and the ultrasonic wave generating device is arranged at the position of the sand prevention screen to excite the vibration of the sand prevention screen and the nearby sand-shaped particles, so that the sand-shaped particles blocking the sand prevention screen fall off, and the purposes of preventing sand, reducing blockage and improving the production efficiency are achieved. In addition, ultrasonic cavitation phenomenon can be generated when ultrasonic waves are transmitted in pores of a hydrate reservoir, and vibration, expansion, compression and collapse of cavitation nuclei in the natural gas hydrate can be accelerated by adjusting the power and the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic waves, so that the natural gas hydrate is rapidly decomposed.
Therefore, a new ultrasonic vibration combined depressurization exploitation method needs to be researched, so that the natural gas hydrate can be rapidly decomposed, sand prevention and blockage removal can be realized, secondary generated hydrates around a well wall and a pipe column can be rapidly decomposed, and the exploitation efficiency is improved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides an ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for natural gas hydrate depressurization mining, aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model for solving the technical problems is as follows: an ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for depressurization mining of natural gas hydrate is constructed, the mining structure comprises an injection well and a mining well which are respectively drilled into a free gas layer, an injection platform arranged above the injection well, a mining platform arranged above the mining well, a sand control screen fixedly arranged at the bottom end part of the mining well, mining equipment arranged on the mining platform and used for extracting and mining the natural gas hydrate in the mining well, an ultrasonic auxiliary device which can be put into the injection well, and a control system which is arranged on the injection platform, is electrically connected with the ultrasonic auxiliary device and used for controlling the ultrasonic auxiliary device, the extraction well is a vertical well, the injection well comprises a vertical well section and a horizontal well section arranged at the bottom end of the vertical well section, the tail end of the horizontal well section extends to the position of the bottom end of the mining well, and the ultrasonic auxiliary device is put into the position, close to the sand control screen, of the tail end of the horizontal well section.
In the ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for the depressurization mining of the natural gas hydrate, the mining equipment comprises extraction equipment arranged on the mining platform, a gas-liquid separator communicated with the extraction device, and a natural gas storage tank communicated with the gas-liquid separator.
In the ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for the depressurization mining of the natural gas hydrate, the bottom of the ultrasonic auxiliary device is provided with an electric crawling mechanism for driving the ultrasonic auxiliary device to move in a horizontal well section.
In the ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for the depressurization mining of the natural gas hydrate, the ultrasonic auxiliary device comprises a cable terminal, a motor speed reducing mechanism, an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic transducer, an ultrasonic concentrator and an ultrasonic probe, wherein the cable terminal is sequentially connected with a control system and is electrically connected with the control system through a cable, the motor speed reducing mechanism is used for driving the electric crawling mechanism to move, and the ultrasonic probe can be used for being connected with a sand prevention screen or a mining well.
In the ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for the depressurization mining of the natural gas hydrate, the ultrasonic generator and the ultrasonic transducer are connected through the flexible outer pipe.
In the ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for the depressurization mining of the natural gas hydrate, the ultrasonic probe and the ultrasonic concentrator are rotatably connected through the cardan shaft.
In the ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for depressurization mining of natural gas hydrate, the ultrasonic probe is an arc ultrasonic probe corresponding to the shape of the sand control screen or the mining well, and the ultrasonic probe is provided with an electromagnet capable of being magnetically connected with the mining well or the sand control screen.
In the ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for the depressurization mining of the natural gas hydrate, a winch and a crown block for lifting or lowering the ultrasonic auxiliary device are fixedly arranged on the injection platform.
In the ultrasonic vibration combined exploitation structure for the depressurization exploitation of the natural gas hydrate, the exploitation structure further comprises a pumping pipe which can be lowered into the exploitation well, and a pumping pump which is fixedly arranged on the injection platform and communicated with the pumping pipe.
In the ultrasonic vibration combined exploitation structure for the depressurization exploitation of the natural gas hydrate, safety valves are fixedly arranged at the drilling inlets of the seabed of the injection well and the exploitation well.
The ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for the depressurization mining of the natural gas hydrate has the following beneficial effects: when the ultrasonic vibration combined exploitation structure for the depressurization exploitation of the natural gas hydrate is used, firstly, two proper drilling positions are selected according to an offshore geological exploration result, and an injection well and an exploitation well are drilled into a free gas layer through a drilling technology, wherein the injection well is drilled into the natural gas hydrate reservoir in a horizontal well mode after entering the hydrate reservoir, and the exploitation well is operated in a vertical well mode. And pumping the free gas in the free gas layer out of the formation by using a pumping pump, wherein the pressure of the formation is reduced along with the removal of the free gas, the natural gas hydrate begins to be decomposed into natural gas and water when the pressure of the formation is reduced below the pressure of a phase equilibrium curve of the natural gas hydrate, and the natural gas hydrate begins to be continuously decomposed along with the continuous removal of the free gas. The natural gas and part of water and sand-shaped solid particles formed after the hydrate decomposition can enter the production string through the sand control screen at the bottom of the exploitation well under the action of exploitation equipment, and the sand control screen can be gradually blocked by the sand-shaped solid particles and the secondarily generated hydrate along with the decomposed natural gas continuously passing through the sand control screen. The ultrasonic aid is lowered down the injection well to near the bottom of the horizontal wellbore section. The ultrasonic auxiliary device is controlled to produce ultrasonic waves and transmit the ultrasonic waves to the outer side of the sand control screen, and the ultrasonic waves drive the sand control screen and the bottom of the exploitation well to vibrate, so that sand-shaped solid particles in a blocking state are broken and fall off, and the sand-shaped solid particles are separated from the sun-proof screen. In addition, ultrasonic cavitation phenomenon can be generated when ultrasonic waves are transmitted in pores of a hydrate reservoir, and vibration, expansion, compression and collapse of cavitation nuclei in the natural gas hydrate can be accelerated by adjusting the power and the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic waves, so that the natural gas hydrate is rapidly decomposed, and secondary hydrate generated at the sand control screen is further decomposed. Thus realizing the dual purposes of sand prevention and gas production efficiency improvement.
Drawings
The utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ultrasonic vibration combined production configuration for depressurization production of natural gas hydrates in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic auxiliary device in the ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for depressurization mining of natural gas hydrate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in a first embodiment of the ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for depressurization of natural gas hydrate according to the present invention, the mining structure 1 includes an injection well 2 and a production well 3 which are respectively drilled into a free gas layer, an injection platform 4 disposed above the injection well 2, a production platform 5 disposed above the production well 3, a sand control screen 6 fixedly disposed at a bottom end portion of the production well 3, a mining apparatus 7 disposed on the production platform 5 for extracting natural gas hydrate in the production well 3, an ultrasonic auxiliary device 8 which can be lowered into the injection well 2, and a control system 9 disposed on the injection platform 4 and electrically connected to the ultrasonic auxiliary device 8 for controlling the ultrasonic auxiliary device 8, the production well 3 is an injection well, the production well 2 includes a vertical well section 10 and a horizontal well section 11 disposed at a bottom end of the vertical well section 10, the end of the horizontal shaft section 11 extends to the bottom end of the production well 3, and the ultrasonic auxiliary device 8 is lowered to the position, close to the sand control screen 6, of the end of the horizontal shaft section 11.
When the ultrasonic vibration combined exploitation structure 1 for the depressurization exploitation of the natural gas hydrate is used, firstly, two suitable drilling positions are selected according to an offshore geological exploration result, and an injection well 2 and an exploitation well 3 are drilled into a free gas layer through a drilling technology, wherein the injection well 2 is drilled into the natural gas hydrate reservoir in a horizontal well mode after entering the hydrate reservoir, and the exploitation well 3 is operated in a vertical well mode. And pumping the free gas in the free gas layer out of the formation by using a pumping pump, wherein the pressure of the formation is reduced along with the removal of the free gas, the natural gas hydrate begins to be decomposed into natural gas and water when the pressure of the formation is reduced below the pressure of a phase equilibrium curve of the natural gas hydrate, and the natural gas hydrate begins to be continuously decomposed along with the continuous removal of the free gas. The natural gas and part of water and sand-shaped solid particles formed after the hydrate decomposition can enter the production string through the sand control screen 6 at the bottom of the exploitation well 3 under the action of the exploitation device 7, and the sand control screen 6 can be gradually blocked by the sand-shaped solid particles and the hydrate generated secondarily as the decomposed natural gas continuously passes through the sand control screen 6. The ultrasonic aid 8 is lowered down the injection well 2 to near the bottom of the horizontal wellbore section 11. The ultrasonic auxiliary device 8 is controlled to produce ultrasonic waves and transmit the ultrasonic waves to the outer side of the sand control screen 6, the ultrasonic waves drive the sand control screen 6 and the bottom of the exploitation well 3 to vibrate, so that sand-shaped solid particles in a blocking state are broken and fall off, and the sand-shaped solid particles are separated from the sun-proof screen. In addition, ultrasonic cavitation phenomenon can be generated when ultrasonic waves are transmitted in pores of a hydrate reservoir, and vibration, expansion, compression and collapse of cavitation nuclei in the natural gas hydrate can be accelerated by adjusting the power and the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic waves, so that the natural gas hydrate is rapidly decomposed, and secondary hydrate generated at the sand control screen 6 is further decomposed. Thus realizing the dual purposes of sand prevention and gas production efficiency improvement.
Specifically, the mining equipment 7 comprises an extraction device 12 arranged on the mining platform 5, a gas-liquid separator 13 communicated with the extraction device, and a natural gas storage tank 14 communicated with the gas-liquid separator 13. The extraction device comprises a production pipe column which can be lowered into the extraction well 3 and an extraction pump which is communicated with the production pipe column.
Further, an electric crawling mechanism 15 for driving the ultrasonic auxiliary device 8 to move in the horizontal shaft section 11 is arranged at the bottom of the ultrasonic auxiliary device 8. Preferably, the electric crawling mechanism 15 is an electric crawling trolley, an electric roller, or the like.
In the present embodiment, the ultrasonic auxiliary device 8 comprises a cable terminal 16 electrically connected with the control system 9 through a cable, a motor speed reducing mechanism 17 for driving the electric crawling mechanism 15 to move, an ultrasonic generator 18, an ultrasonic transducer 19, an ultrasonic concentrator 20 and an ultrasonic probe 21 which can be used for being connected with the sand control screen 6 or the production well 3. The ultrasonic generator 18 and the ultrasonic transducer 19 are connected by a flexible outer tube 22. The ultrasound probe 21 is rotatably connected to the ultrasound concentrator 20 via a cardan shaft 23.
Preferably, the ultrasonic probe 21 is a circular arc ultrasonic probe 21 corresponding to the shape of the sand control screen 6 or the production well 3, and the ultrasonic probe 21 is provided with an electromagnet 24 capable of being magnetically connected with the production well 3 or the sand control screen 6.
When putting ultrasonic wave auxiliary device 8 and transferring to near sand control screen cloth 6, steerable electro-magnet 24 is opened, establishes being connected with sand control screen cloth 6 through electro-magnet 24's magnetism, realizes ultrasonic wave auxiliary device 8 and sand control screen cloth 6's being connected.
Further, a winch 25 and a crown block for lifting or lowering the ultrasonic auxiliary device 8 are fixed on the injection platform 4.
Further, the mining structure 1 further comprises a pumping pipe capable of being lowered into the mining well 3, and a pumping pump fixedly arranged on the injection platform 4 and communicated with the pumping pipe.
Further, a safety valve 26 is fixedly installed at the entrance of the subsea well for each of the injection well 2 and the production well 3.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The ultrasonic vibration combined exploitation structure for the depressurization exploitation of the natural gas hydrate is characterized by comprising an injection well and an exploitation well which are respectively drilled into a free gas layer, an injection platform arranged above the injection well, an exploitation platform arranged above the exploitation well, a sand control screen fixedly arranged at the end part of the bottom end of the exploitation well, exploitation equipment arranged on the exploitation platform and used for extracting the natural gas hydrate in the exploitation well, an ultrasonic auxiliary device capable of being put into the injection well, and a control system which is arranged on the injection platform, is electrically connected with the ultrasonic auxiliary device and used for controlling the ultrasonic auxiliary device, wherein the exploitation well is a vertical well, the injection well comprises a vertical well section and a horizontal well section arranged at the bottom end of the vertical well section, and the tail end of the horizontal well section extends to the position of the bottom end of the exploitation well, and the ultrasonic auxiliary device is lowered to the position, close to the sand control screen, of the tail end of the horizontal well section.
2. The ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for the depressurization mining of natural gas hydrates according to claim 1, wherein the mining equipment comprises extraction equipment arranged on the mining platform, a gas-liquid separator communicated with the extraction equipment, and a natural gas storage tank communicated with the gas-liquid separator.
3. The ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for the depressurization mining of natural gas hydrates according to claim 1, wherein an electric crawling mechanism for driving the ultrasonic auxiliary device to move in the horizontal well section is arranged at the bottom of the ultrasonic auxiliary device.
4. The ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for the depressurization mining of natural gas hydrates according to claim 3, wherein the ultrasonic auxiliary device comprises a cable terminal, a motor speed reducing mechanism, an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic transducer, an ultrasonic concentrator and an ultrasonic probe, wherein the cable terminal is electrically connected with the control system through a cable, the motor speed reducing mechanism is used for driving the electric crawling mechanism to move, and the ultrasonic probe can be used for being connected with a sand control screen or a mining well.
5. The ultrasonic vibration combined production structure for natural gas hydrate depressurization production according to claim 4, wherein the ultrasonic generator and the ultrasonic transducer are connected by a flexible outer tube.
6. An ultrasonic vibratory combined production structure for gas hydrate depressurization production according to claim 4 wherein the ultrasonic probe and the ultrasonic concentrator are rotatably connected by a cardan shaft.
7. The ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for natural gas hydrate depressurization mining according to claim 6, wherein the ultrasonic probe is an arc ultrasonic probe corresponding to the shape of the sand control screen or the mining well, and the ultrasonic probe is provided with an electromagnet which can be magnetically connected with the mining well or the sand control screen.
8. The ultrasonic vibration combined mining structure for the depressurization mining of natural gas hydrates according to claim 1, wherein a winch and a crown block for lifting or lowering the ultrasonic auxiliary device are fixedly arranged on the injection platform.
9. The ultrasonic vibration combined production structure for the depressurization production of natural gas hydrates according to claim 1, further comprising a pumping pipe which can be lowered into the production well, and a pumping pump which is fixedly arranged on the injection platform and is communicated with the pumping pipe.
10. The ultrasonic vibration combined production structure for depressurization production of natural gas hydrate according to claim 1, wherein safety valves are fixedly installed at both the injection well and the production well at the entrance of the subsea well.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115306353A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-11-08 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Ultrasonic wave and microwave combined sand prevention and blockage removal method and device in hydrate exploitation |
| CN116717217A (en) * | 2023-08-04 | 2023-09-08 | 东北石油大学三亚海洋油气研究院 | Ultrasonic blockage removing device and method for shaft hydrate under intervention operation |
-
2021
- 2021-08-25 CN CN202122018320.8U patent/CN215444027U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115306353A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-11-08 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Ultrasonic wave and microwave combined sand prevention and blockage removal method and device in hydrate exploitation |
| CN115306353B (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2024-03-01 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Method and device for sand prevention and blocking removal by combining ultrasonic wave and microwave in hydrate exploitation |
| CN116717217A (en) * | 2023-08-04 | 2023-09-08 | 东北石油大学三亚海洋油气研究院 | Ultrasonic blockage removing device and method for shaft hydrate under intervention operation |
| CN116717217B (en) * | 2023-08-04 | 2023-11-21 | 东北石油大学三亚海洋油气研究院 | Ultrasonic blockage removing device and method for shaft hydrate under intervention operation |
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