CN107401393B - Drainage and gas production integrated goaf gas extraction well body structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Drainage and gas production integrated goaf gas extraction well body structure and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107401393B CN107401393B CN201710638178.2A CN201710638178A CN107401393B CN 107401393 B CN107401393 B CN 107401393B CN 201710638178 A CN201710638178 A CN 201710638178A CN 107401393 B CN107401393 B CN 107401393B
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000008918 voyeurism Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- XTKDAFGWCDAMPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N azaperone Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)CCCN1CCN(C=2N=CC=CC=2)CC1 XTKDAFGWCDAMPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ground extraction of coal mine goaf gas, and particularly relates to a drainage and gas extraction integrated goaf gas extraction well structure and a construction method thereof. The technical problems of simultaneously discharging accumulated water in the goaf and extracting gas in the goaf are solved, the device comprises a well depth structure part and an equipment part, wherein the well depth structure part comprises a first opening sleeve arranged on the uppermost layer, the bottom of the first opening sleeve is connected with a second opening sleeve, the second opening sleeve is arranged at the depth position of an aquifer, the bottom of the second opening sleeve is connected with a third opening screen pipe, the third opening screen pipe is arranged at the depth positions of the goaf and a fracture zone, and the bottom of the third opening screen pipe is arranged at the bottom hole position; the equipment part comprises an oil pipe arranged in a first opening sleeve, a second opening sleeve and a third opening screen pipe, the top of the oil pipe is provided with a water outlet, the lower part of the oil pipe is provided with a drainage pump, the bottom of the oil pipe is provided with a water suction port, the top of the first opening sleeve is a wellhead, and the wellhead position is provided with an oil pipe hanging and sealing device which is communicated with the wellhead. The invention can realize the function of one well.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine goaf gas ground extraction, and particularly relates to a drainage and gas production integrated goaf gas extraction well body structure and a construction method thereof.
Background
The main component of the coal mine gas is CH 4 (methane), which is a clean and high-efficiency energy source associated with coal. In the goaf formed after coal mining, a large amount of gas is still reserved for continuous extraction and utilization. Due to CH 4 The density of (methane) is lower than that of air, and the methane is generally accumulated in a roof fracture zone and at the upper part of a goaf preferentially, compared with underground extraction in a ground drilling mode, the methane has the advantages of high extraction concentration, simplicity and convenience in use, low cost and the like, and is an emerging field with wide development prospect. Related industries have been formed in the united kingdom, germany and united states, and China is still in a starting and exploring stage, and a key laboratory in the country where coal and coalbed methane are co-mined is developing related technologies.
The gas in the goaf mainly exists in a free state and an adsorption state, and is endowed in a crack space and residual coal in the goaf, and the reservoir pressure is very low and is only of the level of kPa. CH (CH) 4 The (methane) is naturally desorbed from the residual coal under the driving of concentration and pressure gradient, and is a main way for supplying free gas in the goaf. Once the residual coal in the goaf is submerged by the accumulated water, the natural desorption process is greatly weakened until the residual coal stops, so that the yield of the gas extraction well is rapidly reduced until no gas is produced. Therefore, accumulated water in the goaf must be discharged to realize continuous and stable gas production. In the past, separate drainage wells and gas extraction wells are required to be respectively constructed at different positions of a mine, and the drilling investment and the later-period operation maintenance cost are high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a drainage and gas production integrated goaf gas extraction well body structure, which aims to solve the technical problems of draining goaf ponding and extracting goaf gas at the same time.
The utility model adopts the following technical scheme: the well structure of the drainage and gas production integrated goaf gas extraction well comprises a well depth structure part and an equipment part, wherein the well depth structure part comprises a first opening sleeve arranged at the uppermost layer, the bottom of the first opening sleeve is connected with a second opening sleeve, the second opening sleeve is arranged at the depth position of an aquifer, the bottom of the second opening sleeve is connected with a third opening screen pipe, the third opening screen pipe is arranged at the depth positions of the goaf and a fracture zone, and the bottom of the third opening screen pipe is arranged at the bottom hole position; the equipment part comprises an oil pipe arranged in a first opening sleeve, a second opening sleeve and a third opening screen pipe, the top of the oil pipe is provided with a water outlet, the lower part of the oil pipe is provided with a drainage pump, the bottom of the oil pipe is provided with a water suction port, the top of the first opening sleeve is a wellhead, and the wellhead position is provided with an oil pipe hanging and sealing device which is communicated with the wellhead.
The diameter of the first opening sleeve is larger than that of the second opening sleeve. The diameter of the two-opening sleeve is larger than that of the three-opening screen pipe.
A construction method of a drainage and gas production integrated goaf gas extraction well structure comprises the following specific steps that a D311.15mm drill bit is adopted for drilling, drilling is carried out to a stable bedrock layer 10m below a loose layer on the earth surface, so that the sleeve is prevented from sinking, the loose layer is prevented from collapsing and seepage, and then the sleeve with the diameter of D273.05mm is put into the well for cementing;
the drilling of the second drilling adopts a D241.3mm drill bit, the drilling is stopped immediately after the drill meets the fracture above the goaf, the drilling speed is slowed down particularly after the drill reaches 100m above the roof of the coal seam, then a downhole peeping instrument is used for finding out the number and depth of aquifers above the fracture zone, then a long wood plug with the length of 0.5m and yellow sand are sequentially filled upwards from the bottom of the second drilling, the yellow sand is filled to the position 1m below the lowest aquifer, a manual bottom hole is formed, and then a sleeve with the depth of D193.7mm is filled from the manual bottom hole to the ground surface, so that the aim of sealing all aquifers is fulfilled;
drilling holes on a drill bit with the diameter of D171.5mm, drilling through yellow sand and a wood plug at the bottom of the drill bit with the diameter of D171.5mm, continuing drilling holes on a goaf, sequentially drilling through a crack belt, a caving belt and a goaf space until the drill bit is 15m below a coal seam bottom plate, and then completing a well by putting a sieve tube with the diameter of D139.7mm from the position 2m below the bottom of the drill bit with the diameter of D139.7 mm;
lifting a drilling tool and a drill bit into a two-way casing after the drilling tool and the drill bit are 15m below a coal seam bottom plate, respectively drilling the bottom after 1 hour, 6 hours and 12 hours, continuing to pass the well from the blocking depth to the bottom of the well if the drilling tool and the drill bit are blocked, ensuring that the well wall is in a relatively stable state, and if the well wall can be kept stable for 12 hours, completely lifting the drilling tool to start to enter a D139.7mm sieve tube well completion;
after completion, according to the difference of the water accumulation in the goaf and the required water drainage, the oil pump, the electric submersible pump or the screw pump is downwards arranged in the hole to drain the goaf for water accumulation, the accumulated water is pumped and drained to the ground surface along the oil pipe, and the gas in the goaf and the fracture zone is pumped by the negative pressure pumping equipment on the ground through the annular space among the sieve tube holes, the outer wall of the oil pipe and the inner wall of the sleeve, so that the purpose of gas production is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. the independent construction of a drainage well and a gas drainage well is avoided, the effects of the two well types are achieved by one well type, and the drilling cost, the operation cost and the maintenance cost are saved; 2. the water-bearing layer above the goaf fracture zone can be effectively sealed, and water gushing of the water-bearing rock stratum covered on the goaf is prevented from flowing into the goaf; 3. the problem of hole collapse and blockage caused by broken stone accumulation in the goaf can be solved, the well bore is kept stable, and continuous and effective communication between the well bore and the fracture zone and between the well bore and the goaf space can be realized; 4. and when the drainage pump is arranged in the shaft, accumulated gas is pumped out of the goaf by using negative pressure equipment on the ground, so that gas-water separation and gas-water co-mining are realized.
In summary, the well body has reasonable structural design, can simultaneously realize the functions of two types of wells, namely the goaf ponding drainage well and the goaf gas drainage well, and has the use effect of two wells achieved by one well, thereby effectively reducing the investment cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
in the figure, 1-one casing, 2-two casings, 3-three screen pipes, 4-aquifer, 5-goaf and fracture zone, 6-goaf ponding, 7-well bottom, a-, b-oil pipe hanging and sealing device, c-well mouth, d-gas extraction pump, e-oil pipe, f-drainage pump and g-water sucking port.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a drainage and gas production integrated goaf gas extraction well structure comprises a well depth structure part and an equipment part, wherein the well depth structure part comprises a first casing pipe 1 arranged at the uppermost layer, the bottom of the first casing pipe 1 is connected with a second casing pipe 2, the second casing pipe 2 is arranged at the depth position of an aquifer 4, the bottom of the second casing pipe 2 is connected with a three-opening sieve pipe 3, the three-opening sieve pipe 3 is arranged at the depth position of a goaf and a fracture zone 5, and the bottom of the three-opening sieve pipe 3 is arranged at the bottom 7 of a well; the equipment part comprises an oil pipe e arranged in a first casing pipe 1, a second casing pipe 2 and a third casing pipe 3, a water outlet a is arranged at the top of the oil pipe e, a drainage pump f is arranged at the lower part of the oil pipe e, a water suction port g is arranged at the bottom of the oil pipe e, a wellhead c is arranged at the top of the first casing pipe 1, an oil pipe hanging and sealing device b is arranged at the position of the wellhead c, and a gas extraction pump d is communicated with the wellhead c. The diameter of the first split sleeve 1 is larger than that of the second split sleeve 2. The diameter of the two-way casing 2 is larger than that of the three-way screen 3.
A three-hole drilling process is adopted.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
and (3) opening: drilling into a stable bedrock layer 10m below a loose layer of the earth surface by using a D311.15mm drill bit to avoid the sinking of a sleeve, the collapse of the loose layer and water seepage, and then setting a D273.05mm sleeve for well cementation;
two-step: and (4) adopting a D241.3mm drill bit to stop drilling immediately after the drill meets the crack above the goaf. In particular, the drilling rate is slowed down after drilling 100m above the roof of the coal seam, and the observation of leakage is noted. The criteria for determining whether to drill a fracture zone is that the drilling circulation medium (drilling fluid or compressed air) is significantly lost. Then a logging peeping instrument is put into a well to find out the number and depth of the aquifer above the fracture zone, then a long wood plug with the length of 0.5m and yellow sand are sequentially filled from the bottom of the two openings to be plugged, the depth of the yellow sand is filled to the position 1m below the lowest aquifer, an artificial well bottom is formed, and then a sleeve with the length of D193.7mm is put into the ground from the artificial well bottom to be well-fixed, so that the aim of sealing all aquifers is fulfilled;
three openings: and (3) drilling holes on the goaf after drilling through the yellow sand and the wood plug at the bottom of the secondary opening by adopting a D171.5mm drill bit, and sequentially drilling the space of the crack belt, the caving belt and the goaf until the holes are drilled 15m below the coal seam bottom plate. Then, from the position of 2m in the bottom of the two-way casing to the bottom of the hole, a D139.7mm sieve tube is put into the well completion. The sieve tube plays roles of protecting the hole wall and preventing collapse, and the holes of the sieve tube are used as channels for communicating the well bore with the fracture zone and the goaf.
In order to ensure that the screen pipe is smoothly put in, the drilling tool and the drill bit are lifted into the two-way casing after the screen pipe is drilled below the coal seam bottom plate for 15m, the bottom is drilled after 1 hour, 6 hours and 12 hours respectively, and if the screen pipe is blocked, the well is continued to be drilled from the blocking depth to the bottom of the well so as to ensure that the well wall is in a relatively stable state. If the well wall can be kept stable for 12 hours (the bottom of the well is not blocked), all the drilling tools are put out to complete the well by putting down a D139.7mm sieve tube.
After completion, according to the difference of the water accumulation in the goaf and the required water drainage, the goaf is pumped down by an oil pump, an electric submersible pump or a screw pump to drain the water accumulation in the goaf, and the water accumulation is pumped and drained to the ground surface along an oil pipe, so that the drainage purpose is achieved. The gas in the goaf and the fracture zone is extracted by the ground negative pressure extraction equipment through the annular space among the sieve tube holes, the outer wall of the oil tube and the inner wall of the sleeve, so as to achieve the purpose of gas production. Through the steps, the purpose of gas-water extraction and one well dual-purpose is realized.
Table 1 well bore structure drill sleeve parameters
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A construction method of a drainage and gas production integrated goaf gas extraction well structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the structure comprises a well depth structure part and an equipment part, wherein the well depth structure part comprises a first casing pipe (1) arranged on the uppermost layer, the bottom of the first casing pipe (1) is connected with a second casing pipe (2), the second casing pipe (2) is arranged at the depth position of a water-bearing layer (4), the bottom of the second casing pipe (2) is connected with a third screen pipe (3), the third screen pipe (3) is arranged at the depth position of a goaf and a fracture zone (5), and the bottom of the third screen pipe (3) is arranged at the bottom of a well (7); the equipment part comprises an oil pipe (e) arranged in a first casing pipe (1), a second casing pipe (2) and a third casing pipe (3), a water outlet (a) is arranged at the top of the oil pipe (e), a drainage pump (f) is arranged at the lower part of the oil pipe (e), a water suction port (g) is arranged at the bottom of the oil pipe (e), a wellhead (c) is arranged at the top of the first casing pipe (1), an oil pipe hanging and sealing device (b) is arranged at the position of the wellhead (c), and a gas extraction pump (d) is communicated with the wellhead (c);
the construction method comprises the following steps:
drilling a drill bit of D311.15mm to drill to 10m in a stable bedrock layer below a loose layer on the earth surface so as to avoid the sinking of a sleeve, the collapse of the loose layer and water seepage, and then putting a sleeve of D273.05mm into the well for cementing;
the second drilling adopts a D241.3mm drill bit, the drill is stopped immediately after encountering the crack above the goaf, the drilling speed is slowed down after the drill reaches 100m above the roof of the coal seam, then a peeping instrument is put into the well to find out the number and depth of the aquifer above the crack zone, then a long wood plug with the length of 0.5m and yellow sand are sequentially filled upwards from the bottom of the second drilling, the yellow sand is filled to the position 1m below the lowest aquifer to form an artificial bottom hole, and then a sleeve with the depth of 193.7mm is put into the ground from the artificial bottom hole to well cemente, so that the aim of sealing all the aquifers is fulfilled;
drilling holes on a drill bit with the diameter of D171.5mm, drilling through yellow sand and a wood plug at the bottom of the drill bit with the diameter of D171.5mm, continuing drilling holes on a goaf, sequentially drilling through a crack belt, a caving belt and a goaf space until the drill bit is 15m below a coal seam bottom plate, and then completing a well by putting a sieve tube with the diameter of D139.7mm from the position 2m below the bottom of the drill bit with the diameter of D139.7 mm;
lifting a drilling tool and a drill bit into a two-way casing after the drilling tool and the drill bit are 15m below a coal seam bottom plate, respectively drilling the bottom after 1 hour, 6 hours and 12 hours, continuing to pass the well from the blocking depth to the bottom of the well if the drilling tool and the drill bit are blocked, ensuring that the well wall is in a relatively stable state, and if the well wall can be kept stable for 12 hours, completely lifting the drilling tool to start to enter a D139.7mm sieve tube well completion;
after completion, according to the difference of the water accumulation in the goaf and the required water drainage, the oil pump, the electric submersible pump or the screw pump is downwards arranged in the hole to drain the goaf for water accumulation, the accumulated water is pumped and drained to the ground surface along the oil pipe, and the gas in the goaf and the fracture zone is pumped by the negative pressure pumping equipment on the ground through the annular space among the sieve tube holes, the outer wall of the oil pipe and the inner wall of the sleeve, so that the purpose of gas production is achieved.
2. The construction method of the drainage and gas production integrated goaf gas extraction well structure, as set forth in claim 1, is characterized in that: the diameter of the first opening sleeve (1) is larger than that of the second opening sleeve (2).
3. The construction method of the drainage and gas production integrated goaf gas extraction well structure, as set forth in claim 2, is characterized in that: the diameter of the two-open casing pipe (2) is larger than that of the three-open screen pipe (3).
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| CN201710638178.2A CN107401393B (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2017-07-31 | Drainage and gas production integrated goaf gas extraction well body structure and construction method thereof |
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