CN111116171A - Antibacterial and mildew-proof ceramic artwork and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Antibacterial and mildew-proof ceramic artwork and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111116171A CN111116171A CN201911413818.5A CN201911413818A CN111116171A CN 111116171 A CN111116171 A CN 111116171A CN 201911413818 A CN201911413818 A CN 201911413818A CN 111116171 A CN111116171 A CN 111116171A
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- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
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- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an antibacterial mildew-proof ceramic artwork and a preparation method thereof, wherein the antibacterial mildew-proof ceramic artwork comprises a ceramic blank body and a glaze layer coated on the outer surface of the ceramic blank body, and the ceramic blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: ceramic waste, quartz material, kaolin, dolomite clay, fluxing agent, nano calcium carbonate powder and adhesive; the glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: kaolin, albite, a dispersant, an antibacterial complexing agent, a mildew preventive and carboxymethyl cellulose. The antibacterial and mildew-proof ceramic artwork is prepared by selecting raw materials of the ceramic blank and the glaze, optimizing the content of each raw material and selecting a proper proportion, so that the advantages of the ceramic blank and the glaze are fully exerted, the ceramic blank and the glaze complement each other and promote each other, and the prepared ceramic artwork has excellent antibacterial and mildew-proof effects, can effectively kill various bacteria, reduces the harm to human health and has high safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic products, in particular to an antibacterial and mildew-proof ceramic artwork and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The ceramic product with antibiotic function is one new kind of functional ceramic with antibiotic effect on the surface of ceramic product through adding inorganic antiseptic during the production process. The antibacterial ceramic can continuously inhibit or kill microorganisms such as bacteria and the like in the using process. The antibacterial ceramic is used as a functional ceramic product, can effectively avoid the invasion of various infectious diseases to human beings, and is particularly suitable for the sanitary prevention in public places.
Besides building ceramics, the ceramic is also widely applied to household daily-use ceramics. The antibacterial household ceramic can ionize the contacted air and water molecules to instantly generate superoxide ions, quickly invade and destroy cell membranes of bacteria and kill the bacteria, and meanwhile, decompose bacterial remains to keep the surface of the ceramic clean. The antibacterial product can be applied to humid environments such as hospitals, can be widely applied to hospitals, public places, humid environments and the like besides being applied to homes, and has wide development and production prospects.
In summary, the ceramic products used at present have the following problems:
1. the product has no sterilization and bacteriostasis function and is not sanitary;
2. in a humid environment, the mildew is easy to occur;
3. the strength of the product can not meet the use requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the situation, the invention aims to provide the antibacterial and mildew-proof ceramic artwork and the preparation method thereof, and the problems can be effectively solved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the antibacterial and mildew-proof ceramic artwork comprises a ceramic blank body and a glaze layer coated on the outer surface of the ceramic blank body, wherein the ceramic blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of ceramic waste, 15-20 parts of quartz material, 10-15 parts of kaolin, 5-10 parts of dolomite clay, 5-10 parts of fluxing agent, 4-12 parts of nano calcium carbonate powder and 2-8 parts of adhesive;
the glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-45 parts of kaolin, 20-30 parts of albite, 2-5 parts of a dispersing agent, 5-10 parts of an antibacterial complexing agent, 5-10 parts of a mildew preventive and 2-5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose.
Preferably, the ceramic body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of ceramic waste, 15 parts of quartz material, 12 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of dolomite clay, 8 parts of fluxing agent, 10 parts of nano calcium carbonate powder and 6 parts of adhesive;
the glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of kaolin, 25 parts of albite, 4 parts of a dispersing agent, 10 parts of an antibacterial complexing agent, 8 parts of a mildew preventive and 4 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose.
Preferably, the binder consists of 30-60% by mass of polyvinyl alcohol and 40-70% by mass of hydroxyethyl cellulose.
Preferably, the antibacterial complexing agent consists of 50-80% by mass of silver nitrate and 20-50% by mass of nano silicon dioxide, and the average particle size of the silver nitrate and the average particle size of the nano silicon dioxide are 120-180 nm.
Preferably, the mildew preventive is one or more of benzimidazole methyl carbamate, 2-alkyl-4-isothiazolin-3-ketone, 2- (4-thiazolyl) benzimidazole, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole and 8-hydroxyquinoline.
Preferably, the fluxing agent is selected from one or more of limestone, calcite, diopside, wollastonite, dolomite and talc; the dispersant is sodium polyacrylate or polyhexamethylene acrylate.
Preferably, the ceramic waste is selected from one or more of ceramic polishing waste, ceramic leftover and ceramic crushed material.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic artwork, which comprises the following steps:
step one, preparation of ceramic body
S11, cleaning and drying the recycled ceramic waste, placing the ceramic waste into a ball mill for ball milling until the grain size is 130-150 meshes, adding a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 5-10% which is 35-40% of the weight of the ceramic waste, filtering and cleaning, adding a sodium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 5-15% which is 50-60% of the weight of the ceramic waste, filtering and cleaning, and drying at 200-250 ℃ to obtain the treated ceramic waste;
s12, weighing the following components in parts by weight: the ceramic waste, quartz material, kaolin, dolomite clay, fluxing agent, nano calcium carbonate powder and adhesive after treatment; except the adhesive, mixing and crushing the weighed residual raw materials uniformly according to the weighed parts to obtain a crushed material;
s13, mixing and ball-milling the crushed materials for 4-6 h, and sieving the materials through a 300-350-mesh sieve to obtain a ball grinding material;
s14, stirring the obtained ball grinding material and the bonding agent in a high-speed stirrer for 45-50 min, then carrying out ball milling for 1-2 h, and sieving with a 250-300-mesh sieve to obtain a blank mixture;
s15, injecting the obtained blank mixture into a mold, pressurizing at 250-300 ℃ for 40-60 min for molding, cooling to room temperature, and removing the mold to obtain a ceramic blank;
step two, preparation of glaze layer
S21, weighing the following components in parts by weight: kaolin, albite, a dispersant, an antibacterial complexing agent, a mildew preventive and carboxymethyl cellulose;
s22, except for the antibacterial complexing agent, the mildew preventive and the carboxymethyl cellulose, uniformly mixing and crushing the rest raw materials in the step S21 according to the weighed parts to obtain a crushed material;
s23, mixing and ball-milling the crushed materials for 3-4 h, and sieving the materials through a 200-250 mesh sieve to obtain a ball grinding material;
s24, uniformly mixing the ball grinding material with the antibacterial complexing agent, the mildew preventive and the carboxymethyl cellulose, and adjusting the water content of the slurry to 15-25% to obtain a glaze material;
step three, preparation of ceramic artware
S31, putting the ceramic blank obtained in the step S15 into a soaking solution to be soaked for 2-3 hours, taking out the ceramic blank to be naturally air-dried, and glazing the glaze obtained in the step S24 to the surface of the ceramic blank to obtain a glazed ceramic blank;
and S32, firing the glazed ceramic blank obtained in the step S31, and cooling to obtain the antibacterial and mildew-proof ceramic artwork.
Preferably, the firing process in step S32 is as follows:
a first firing section: heating to 450-500 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 0.5-1 h;
a second firing section: heating to 700-850 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1-1.5 h;
a third firing stage: heating to 950-1000 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 0.5-1 h.
Preferably, the soaking solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-40 parts of mustard extract, 25-30 parts of artemisia argyi extract, 30-35 parts of 65% ethanol water solution and 50-80 parts of deionized water.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the antibacterial and mildew-proof ceramic artwork is prepared by selecting raw materials of the ceramic blank and the glaze, optimizing the content of each raw material and selecting a proper proportion, so that the advantages of the ceramic blank and the glaze are fully exerted, the ceramic blank and the glaze complement each other and promote each other, and the prepared ceramic artwork has excellent antibacterial and mildew-proof effects, can effectively kill various bacteria, reduces the harm to human health and has high safety.
The raw materials of the ceramic body are added with the binder in a proper proportion, the binder has good viscosity, improves the adhesion among other components of the ceramic body, does not generate harmful gas, and is environment-friendly.
The nano calcium carbonate powder with a proper proportion is added into the raw materials of the ceramic body, so that the nano calcium carbonate powder is uniformly dispersed in the raw material system of the ceramic body, is matched with other components, plays a good synergistic effect, can effectively improve the strength and toughness of the ceramic body, effectively reduces the sintering time, saves the production energy consumption, has good antibacterial and mildewproof effects, does not contain toxic components, and is more safe to use.
The antibacterial complexing agent with a proper proportion is added into the raw materials of the glaze layer, so that the antibacterial complexing agent is uniformly dispersed in the raw material system of the glaze layer and is matched with other components to play a good synergistic role, so that the ceramic artwork has excellent sterilization and bacteriostasis effects, can effectively kill various bacteria, reduces the harm to human health, and has high safety.
The raw materials of the glaze layer are added with the mildew preventive in a proper proportion, and the mildew preventive is uniformly dispersed in the raw material system of the glaze layer and is matched with other components to play a good synergistic role, so that the ceramic artwork has a good mildew-proof effect in a humid environment.
The mustard extract and the mugwort extract with natural mildew-proof efficacy are selected from the soaking solution, so that the mildew-proof and antibacterial capabilities of the ceramic body are greatly improved after the ceramic body is soaked in the soaking solution.
The carboxymethyl cellulose is added into the raw materials of the glaze layer in a proper proportion, so that the carboxymethyl cellulose is uniformly dispersed in the raw material system of the glaze layer, is matched with other components to play a good synergistic effect, is favorable for forming a film on the outer surface of a ceramic blank, has good cohesiveness, can effectively improve the strength of the glaze layer, and prevents the cracking phenomenon of a glaze surface when meeting high temperature.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the present patent.
The test methods or test methods described in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials, unless otherwise indicated, are conventionally obtained commercially or prepared by conventional methods.
Example 1:
the antibacterial and mildew-proof ceramic artwork comprises a ceramic blank body and a glaze layer coated on the outer surface of the ceramic blank body, wherein the ceramic blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of ceramic waste, 15-20 parts of quartz material, 10-15 parts of kaolin, 5-10 parts of dolomite clay, 5-10 parts of fluxing agent, 4-12 parts of nano calcium carbonate powder and 2-8 parts of adhesive;
the glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-45 parts of kaolin, 20-30 parts of albite, 2-5 parts of a dispersing agent, 5-10 parts of an antibacterial complexing agent, 5-10 parts of a mildew preventive and 2-5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose.
In this embodiment, the ceramic body preferably includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of ceramic waste, 15 parts of quartz material, 12 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of dolomite clay, 8 parts of fluxing agent, 10 parts of nano calcium carbonate powder and 6 parts of adhesive;
the glaze layer preferably comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of kaolin, 25 parts of albite, 4 parts of a dispersing agent, 10 parts of an antibacterial complexing agent, 8 parts of a mildew preventive and 4 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose.
In the embodiment, the binder is preferably composed of 30-60% by mass of polyvinyl alcohol and 40-70% by mass of hydroxyethyl cellulose.
In the embodiment, the antibacterial complexing agent is preferably composed of 50-80% by mass of silver nitrate and 20-50% by mass of nano-silica, and the average particle size of both the silver nitrate and the nano-silica is preferably 120-180 nm.
In this embodiment, the antifungal agent is preferably selected from one or more of benzimidazole methyl carbamate, 2-alkyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 2- (4-thiazolyl) benzimidazole, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, and 8-hydroxyquinoline.
In this embodiment, the fluxing agent is preferably selected from one or more of limestone, calcite, diopside, wollastonite, dolomite, talc; the dispersant is preferably sodium polyacrylate or polyhexamethylene acrylate.
In this embodiment, the ceramic waste is preferably selected from one or more of ceramic polishing waste, ceramic scrap, and ceramic scraps.
In this embodiment, a preparation method of the antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic artwork is also provided, which includes the following steps:
step one, preparation of ceramic body
S11, cleaning and drying the recycled ceramic waste, placing the ceramic waste into a ball mill for ball milling until the grain size is 130-150 meshes, adding a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 5-10% which is 35-40% of the weight of the ceramic waste, filtering and cleaning, adding a sodium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 5-15% which is 50-60% of the weight of the ceramic waste, filtering and cleaning, and drying at 200-250 ℃ to obtain the treated ceramic waste;
s12, weighing the following components in parts by weight: the ceramic waste, quartz material, kaolin, dolomite clay, fluxing agent, nano calcium carbonate powder and adhesive after treatment; except the adhesive, mixing and crushing the weighed residual raw materials uniformly according to the weighed parts to obtain a crushed material;
s13, mixing and ball-milling the crushed materials for 4-6 h, and sieving the materials through a 300-350-mesh sieve to obtain a ball grinding material;
s14, stirring the obtained ball grinding material and the bonding agent in a high-speed stirrer for 45-50 min, then carrying out ball milling for 1-2 h, and sieving with a 250-300-mesh sieve to obtain a blank mixture;
s15, injecting the obtained blank mixture into a mold, pressurizing at 250-300 ℃ for 40-60 min for molding, cooling to room temperature, and removing the mold to obtain a ceramic blank;
step two, preparation of glaze layer
S21, weighing the following components in parts by weight: kaolin, albite, a dispersant, an antibacterial complexing agent, a mildew preventive and carboxymethyl cellulose;
s22, except for the antibacterial complexing agent, the mildew preventive and the carboxymethyl cellulose, uniformly mixing and crushing the rest raw materials in the step S21 according to the weighed parts to obtain a crushed material;
s23, mixing and ball-milling the crushed materials for 3-4 h, and sieving the materials through a 200-250 mesh sieve to obtain a ball grinding material;
s24, uniformly mixing the ball grinding material with the antibacterial complexing agent, the mildew preventive and the carboxymethyl cellulose, and adjusting the water content of the slurry to 15-25% to obtain a glaze material;
step three, preparation of ceramic artware
S31, putting the ceramic blank obtained in the step S15 into a soaking solution to be soaked for 2-3 hours, taking out the ceramic blank to be naturally air-dried, and glazing the glaze obtained in the step S24 to the surface of the ceramic blank to obtain a glazed ceramic blank;
and S32, firing the glazed ceramic blank obtained in the step S31, and cooling to obtain the antibacterial and mildew-proof ceramic artwork.
In the present embodiment, the firing process in step S32 is as follows:
a first firing section: heating to 450-500 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 0.5-1 h;
a second firing section: heating to 700-850 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1-1.5 h;
a third firing stage: heating to 950-1000 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 0.5-1 h.
In this embodiment, the soaking solution includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-40 parts of mustard extract, 25-30 parts of artemisia argyi extract, 30-35 parts of 65% ethanol water solution and 50-80 parts of deionized water.
Example 2:
the antibacterial and mildew-proof ceramic artwork comprises a ceramic blank body and a glaze layer coated on the outer surface of the ceramic blank body, wherein the ceramic blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of ceramic waste, 20 parts of quartz material, 12 parts of kaolin, 5 parts of dolomite clay, 5 parts of fluxing agent, 6 parts of nano calcium carbonate powder and 4 parts of adhesive;
the glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of kaolin, 25 parts of albite, 3 parts of a dispersing agent, 5 parts of an antibacterial complexing agent, 5 parts of a mildew preventive and 3 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose.
In the present embodiment, the binder is composed of 30% by mass of polyvinyl alcohol and 70% by mass of hydroxyethyl cellulose.
In the embodiment, the antibacterial complexing agent consists of 50% by mass of silver nitrate and 50% by mass of nano-silica, and the average particle size of the silver nitrate and the average particle size of the nano-silica are both 180 nm.
In this embodiment, the mold inhibitor is selected from benzimidazole methyl carbamates.
In this embodiment, the fluxing agent is selected from the group consisting of limestone, calcite, diopside; the dispersant is sodium polyacrylate.
In this example, the ceramic waste is selected from the group consisting of ceramic polishing waste, ceramic scrap, and a combination of ceramic scraps.
In this embodiment, a preparation method of an antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic artwork is provided, which includes the following steps:
step one, preparation of ceramic body
S11, cleaning and drying the recovered ceramic waste, placing the ceramic waste into a ball mill for ball milling until the grain size is 150 meshes, adding a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 5 percent which is 35 percent of the weight of the ceramic waste, filtering and cleaning, adding a sodium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 5 percent which is 50 percent of the weight of the ceramic waste, filtering and cleaning, and drying at 200 ℃ to obtain the treated ceramic waste;
s12, weighing the following components in parts by weight: the ceramic waste, quartz material, kaolin, dolomite clay, fluxing agent, nano calcium carbonate powder and adhesive after treatment; except the adhesive, mixing and crushing the weighed residual raw materials uniformly according to the weighed parts to obtain a crushed material;
s13, mixing and ball-milling the crushed materials for 4 hours, and sieving the materials through a 350-mesh sieve to obtain a ball grinding material;
s14, stirring the obtained ball grinding material and the adhesive in a high-speed stirrer for 45min, then carrying out ball milling for 1h, and sieving through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain a blank mixture;
s15, injecting the obtained blank mixture into a mold, pressurizing at 250 ℃ for 40min for molding, cooling to room temperature, and removing the mold to obtain a ceramic blank;
step two, preparation of glaze layer
S21, weighing the following components in parts by weight: kaolin, albite, a dispersant, an antibacterial complexing agent, a mildew preventive and carboxymethyl cellulose;
s22, except for the antibacterial complexing agent, the mildew preventive and the carboxymethyl cellulose, uniformly mixing and crushing the rest raw materials in the step S21 according to the weighed parts to obtain a crushed material;
s23, mixing and ball-milling the crushed materials for 3 hours, and sieving the materials through a 250-mesh sieve to obtain a ball grinding material;
s24, uniformly mixing the ball grinding material, the antibacterial complexing agent, the mildew preventive and the carboxymethyl cellulose, and adjusting the water content of the slurry to 25% to obtain a glaze material;
step three, preparation of ceramic artware
S31, putting the ceramic blank obtained in the step S15 into a soaking solution to be soaked for 2 hours, taking out the ceramic blank to be naturally air-dried, and glazing the glaze obtained in the step S24 on the surface of the ceramic blank to obtain a glazed ceramic blank;
and S32, firing the glazed ceramic blank obtained in the step S31, and cooling to obtain the antibacterial and mildew-proof ceramic artwork.
In the present embodiment, the firing process in step S32 is as follows:
a first firing section: heating to 450-500 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1 h;
a second firing section: heating to 700-850 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1 h;
a third firing stage: heating to 950-1000 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 0.5 h.
In this embodiment, the soaking solution includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of mustard extract, 25 parts of artemisia argyi extract, 30 parts of 65% ethanol water solution and 80 parts of deionized water.
Example 3:
the antibacterial and mildew-proof ceramic artwork comprises a ceramic blank body and a glaze layer coated on the outer surface of the ceramic blank body, wherein the ceramic blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of ceramic waste, 15 parts of quartz material, 12 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of dolomite clay, 8 parts of fluxing agent, 10 parts of nano calcium carbonate powder and 6 parts of adhesive;
the glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of kaolin, 25 parts of albite, 4 parts of a dispersing agent, 10 parts of an antibacterial complexing agent, 8 parts of a mildew preventive and 4 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose.
In the present embodiment, the binder is composed of 40% by mass of polyvinyl alcohol and 60% by mass of hydroxyethyl cellulose.
In the embodiment, the antibacterial complexing agent consists of 65 mass percent of silver nitrate and 35 mass percent of nano-silica, and the average particle size of the silver nitrate and the average particle size of the nano-silica are both 120 nm.
In this embodiment, the mildew inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of benzimidazole methyl carbamate and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole.
In this embodiment, the fluxing agent is selected from the group consisting of limestone, calcite, diopside; the dispersant is polyhexamethylene acrylate.
In this example, the ceramic waste is selected from the group consisting of ceramic scrap, ceramic crushed material, and combinations thereof.
In this embodiment, a preparation method of the antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic artwork is also provided, which includes the following steps:
step one, preparation of ceramic body
S11, cleaning and drying the recovered ceramic waste, placing the ceramic waste into a ball mill for ball milling until the grain size is 140 meshes, adding 10% hydrochloric acid solution which is 35% of the weight of the ceramic waste, filtering and cleaning, adding 10% sodium bicarbonate solution which is 55% of the weight of the ceramic waste, filtering and cleaning, and drying at 250 ℃ to obtain the treated ceramic waste;
s12, weighing the following components in parts by weight: the ceramic waste, quartz material, kaolin, dolomite clay, fluxing agent, nano calcium carbonate powder and adhesive after treatment; except the adhesive, mixing and crushing the weighed residual raw materials uniformly according to the weighed parts to obtain a crushed material;
s13, mixing and ball-milling the crushed materials for 5 hours, and sieving the materials by a 300-mesh sieve to obtain ball-milled materials;
s14, stirring the obtained ball grinding material and the adhesive in a high-speed stirrer for 50min, then carrying out ball milling for 2h, and sieving through a 250-mesh sieve to obtain a blank mixture;
s15, injecting the obtained blank mixture into a mold, pressurizing at 300 ℃ for 60min for molding, cooling to room temperature, and removing the mold to obtain a ceramic blank;
step two, preparation of glaze layer
S21, weighing the following components in parts by weight: kaolin, albite, a dispersant, an antibacterial complexing agent, a mildew preventive and carboxymethyl cellulose;
s22, except for the antibacterial complexing agent, the mildew preventive and the carboxymethyl cellulose, uniformly mixing and crushing the rest raw materials in the step S21 according to the weighed parts to obtain a crushed material;
s23, mixing and ball-milling the crushed materials for 4 hours, and sieving the materials through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a ball grinding material;
s24, uniformly mixing the ball grinding material, the antibacterial complexing agent, the mildew preventive and the carboxymethyl cellulose, and adjusting the water content of the slurry to 20% to obtain a glaze material;
step three, preparation of ceramic artware
S31, putting the ceramic blank obtained in the step S15 into a soaking solution to be soaked for 3 hours, taking out the ceramic blank to be naturally air-dried, and glazing the glaze obtained in the step S24 on the surface of the ceramic blank to obtain a glazed ceramic blank;
and S32, firing the glazed ceramic blank obtained in the step S31, and cooling to obtain the antibacterial and mildew-proof ceramic artwork.
In the present embodiment, the firing process in step S32 is as follows:
a first firing section: heating to 450-500 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1 h;
a second firing section: heating to 700-850 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1.5 h;
a third firing stage: heating to 950-1000 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1 h.
In this embodiment, the soaking solution includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of mustard extract, 25 parts of artemisia argyi extract, 35 parts of 65% ethanol water solution and 70 parts of deionized water.
Example 4:
the antibacterial and mildew-proof ceramic artwork comprises a ceramic blank body and a glaze layer coated on the outer surface of the ceramic blank body, wherein the ceramic blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of ceramic waste, 15 parts of quartz material, 10 parts of kaolin, 5 parts of dolomite clay, 10 parts of fluxing agent, 4 parts of nano calcium carbonate powder and 5 parts of adhesive;
the glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of albite, 2 parts of a dispersing agent, 5 parts of an antibacterial complexing agent, 5 parts of a mildew preventive and 5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose.
In the present embodiment, the binder is composed of 50% by mass of polyvinyl alcohol and 50% by mass of hydroxyethyl cellulose.
In the embodiment, the antibacterial complexing agent consists of 60% by mass of silver nitrate and 40% by mass of nano-silica, and the average particle size of the silver nitrate and the average particle size of the nano-silica are both 150 nm.
In this embodiment, the mildew inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of benzimidazole methyl carbamate and 8-hydroxyquinoline.
In this embodiment, the fluxing agent is selected from the group consisting of limestone, calcite, diopside; the dispersant is sodium polyacrylate.
In this example, the ceramic waste is selected from the group consisting of ceramic polishing waste, ceramic scrap, and a combination of ceramic scraps.
In this embodiment, a preparation method of the antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic artwork is also provided, which includes the following steps:
step one, preparation of ceramic body
S11, cleaning and drying the recovered ceramic waste, placing the ceramic waste into a ball mill for ball milling until the particle size is 130-150 meshes, adding 10% hydrochloric acid solution which is 35% of the weight of the ceramic waste, filtering and cleaning, adding 10% sodium bicarbonate solution which is 50% of the weight of the ceramic waste, filtering and cleaning, and drying at 220 ℃ to obtain the treated ceramic waste;
s12, weighing the following components in parts by weight: the ceramic waste, quartz material, kaolin, dolomite clay, fluxing agent, nano calcium carbonate powder and adhesive after treatment; except the adhesive, mixing and crushing the weighed residual raw materials uniformly according to the weighed parts to obtain a crushed material;
s13, mixing and ball-milling the crushed materials for 4 hours, and sieving the crushed materials with a 320-mesh sieve to obtain a ball grinding material;
s14, stirring the obtained ball grinding material and the adhesive in a high-speed stirrer for 45min, then carrying out ball milling for 1.5h, and sieving through a 250-mesh sieve to obtain a blank mixture;
s15, injecting the obtained blank mixture into a mold, pressurizing at 250 ℃ for 50min for molding, cooling to room temperature, and removing the mold to obtain a ceramic blank;
step two, preparation of glaze layer
S21, weighing the following components in parts by weight: kaolin, albite, a dispersant, an antibacterial complexing agent, a mildew preventive and carboxymethyl cellulose;
s22, except for the antibacterial complexing agent, the mildew preventive and the carboxymethyl cellulose, uniformly mixing and crushing the rest raw materials in the step S21 according to the weighed parts to obtain a crushed material;
s23, mixing and ball-milling the crushed materials for 3 hours, and sieving the mixture through a 220-mesh sieve to obtain a ball grinding material;
s24, uniformly mixing the ball grinding material, the antibacterial complexing agent, the mildew preventive and the carboxymethyl cellulose, and adjusting the water content of the slurry to 15% to obtain a glaze material;
step three, preparation of ceramic artware
S31, putting the ceramic blank obtained in the step S15 into a soaking solution for soaking 2, taking out the ceramic blank for natural air drying, and glazing the glaze obtained in the step S24 on the surface of the ceramic blank to obtain a glazed ceramic blank;
and S32, firing the glazed ceramic blank obtained in the step S31, and cooling to obtain the antibacterial and mildew-proof ceramic artwork.
In the present embodiment, the firing process in step S32 is as follows:
a first firing section: heating to 450-500 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 0.5 h;
a second firing section: heating to 700-850 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1.5 h;
a third firing stage: heating to 950-1000 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 0.5 h.
In this embodiment, the soaking solution includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 38 parts of mustard extract, 30 parts of artemisia argyi extract, 30 parts of 65% ethanol water solution and 80 parts of deionized water.
Comparative example 1:
the difference from example 4 is that there is no binder, and the other is the same as example 4.
Comparative example 2:
the difference from example 4 is that no nano calcium carbonate is present, and the rest is the same as example 4.
Comparative example 3:
the difference from example 4 is that there is no antibacterial complexing agent, and the other is the same as example 4.
Comparative example 4:
the difference from example 4 is that no fungicide was added, and the rest is the same as example 4.
Comparative example 5:
the difference from example 4 is that no soaking solution was used, and the other examples were the same as example 4.
The antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic artware obtained in the examples 2 to 4 and the comparative examples 1 to 3 of the invention and the common ceramic artware are subjected to performance tests, and the test results are shown in table 1.
Wherein, the antibacterial rate is detected according to GB/T21510-2008 'detection method for antibacterial property of nanometer inorganic material'; staphylococcus aureus (staphylocccus aureus), cic no: 20235; coli (Escherichia coli), cic number: 202340, respectively; the impact resistance of the ceramic artwork is tested according to the standard GB/T4742-; the compressive strength test of the ceramic artwork is carried out according to the standard GB/T4740-.
From the above table analysis, it can be seen that comparative example 1 compares with example 4: the adhesive is added in a proper proportion, has good viscosity, improves the adhesive property among other components of the ceramic body, does not generate harmful gas, is environment-friendly, is uniformly dispersed in a raw material system of the ceramic body, is matched with other components, plays a good role in synergy, obviously improves the strength of the ceramic body and has good impact resistance.
From the above table analysis, it can be seen that comparative example 2 compares with example 4: the nano calcium carbonate powder with a proper proportion is added, so that the nano calcium carbonate powder is uniformly dispersed in a raw material system of the ceramic blank, is matched with other components, plays a good synergistic effect, can effectively improve the strength and toughness of the ceramic blank, effectively reduces the sintering time, saves the production energy consumption, has a good antibacterial and mildewproof effect, does not contain toxic components, and is more safe to use.
From the above table analysis, it can be seen that comparative example 3 compares with example 4: the antibacterial complexing agent with a proper proportion is added, so that the antibacterial complexing agent is uniformly dispersed in a raw material system of the glaze layer and is matched with other components to play a good synergistic effect, the ceramic artwork has excellent sterilization and bacteriostasis effects, can effectively kill various bacteria, reduces harm to human health, and has high safety.
From the above table analysis, it can be seen that comparative example 4 compares with example 4: the mildew preventive is added in a proper proportion, is uniformly dispersed in the raw material system of the glaze layer, is matched with other components, and plays a good synergistic role, so that the ceramic artwork has a good mildew-proof effect in a humid environment.
From the above table analysis, it can be seen that comparative example 5 compares with example 4: after the ceramic body is soaked in the soaking solution, the mildew-proof and antibacterial capacity of the ceramic body is greatly improved, and the breeding of mildew is effectively inhibited.
In conclusion, the antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic handicraft article has good performances in all aspects, is remarkably improved, can greatly meet the market demands, and has optimal performances under the comparison condition, and the corresponding formula dosage and the preparation method are optimal schemes.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and adaptations should be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The antibacterial and mildew-proof ceramic artwork is characterized by comprising a ceramic blank body and a glaze layer coated on the outer surface of the ceramic blank body, wherein the ceramic blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of ceramic waste, 15-20 parts of quartz material, 10-15 parts of kaolin, 5-10 parts of dolomite clay, 5-10 parts of fluxing agent, 4-12 parts of nano calcium carbonate powder and 2-8 parts of adhesive;
the glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-45 parts of kaolin, 20-30 parts of albite, 2-5 parts of a dispersing agent, 5-10 parts of an antibacterial complexing agent, 5-10 parts of a mildew preventive and 2-5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose.
2. The antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic artwork of claim 1, wherein the ceramic body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of ceramic waste, 15 parts of quartz material, 12 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of dolomite clay, 8 parts of fluxing agent, 10 parts of nano calcium carbonate powder and 6 parts of adhesive;
the glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of kaolin, 25 parts of albite, 4 parts of a dispersing agent, 10 parts of an antibacterial complexing agent, 8 parts of a mildew preventive and 4 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose.
3. The antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic artwork of claim 1, wherein the binder is composed of 30-60% by mass of polyvinyl alcohol and 40-70% by mass of hydroxyethyl cellulose.
4. The antibacterial and mildew-proof ceramic artwork of claim 1, wherein the antibacterial complexing agent is composed of 50-80% of silver nitrate and 20-50% of nano-silica by mass, and the average particle sizes of the silver nitrate and the nano-silica are 120-180 nm.
5. The antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic artwork of claim 1, wherein the mildewcide is one or more of a composition of benzimidazole methyl carbamate, 2-alkyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 2- (4-thiazolyl) benzimidazole, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole and 8-hydroxyquinoline.
6. The antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic artwork of claim 1, wherein the fluxing agent is selected from one or more of limestone, calcite, diopside, wollastonite, dolomite, talc; the dispersant is sodium polyacrylate or polyhexamethylene acrylate.
7. The antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic artwork of claim 1, wherein the ceramic waste is selected from one or more of ceramic polishing waste, ceramic leftover materials and ceramic particles.
8. The preparation method of the antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic artwork according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps of:
step one, preparation of ceramic body
S11, cleaning and drying the recycled ceramic waste, placing the ceramic waste into a ball mill for ball milling until the grain size is 130-150 meshes, adding a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 5-10% which is 35-40% of the weight of the ceramic waste, filtering and cleaning, adding a sodium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 5-15% which is 50-60% of the weight of the ceramic waste, filtering and cleaning, and drying at 200-250 ℃ to obtain the treated ceramic waste;
s12, weighing the following components in parts by weight: the ceramic waste, quartz material, kaolin, dolomite clay, fluxing agent, nano calcium carbonate powder and adhesive after treatment; except the adhesive, mixing and crushing the weighed residual raw materials uniformly according to the weighed parts to obtain a crushed material;
s13, mixing and ball-milling the crushed materials for 4-6 h, and sieving the materials through a 300-350-mesh sieve to obtain a ball grinding material;
s14, stirring the obtained ball grinding material and the bonding agent in a high-speed stirrer for 45-50 min, then carrying out ball milling for 1-2 h, and sieving with a 250-300-mesh sieve to obtain a blank mixture;
s15, injecting the obtained blank mixture into a mold, pressurizing at 250-300 ℃ for 40-60 min for molding, cooling to room temperature, and removing the mold to obtain a ceramic blank;
step two, preparation of glaze layer
S21, weighing the following components in parts by weight: kaolin, albite, a dispersant, an antibacterial complexing agent, a mildew preventive and carboxymethyl cellulose;
s22, except for the antibacterial complexing agent, the mildew preventive and the carboxymethyl cellulose, uniformly mixing and crushing the rest raw materials in the step S21 according to the weighed parts to obtain a crushed material;
s23, mixing and ball-milling the crushed materials for 3-4 h, and sieving the materials through a 200-250 mesh sieve to obtain a ball grinding material;
s24, uniformly mixing the ball grinding material with the antibacterial complexing agent, the mildew preventive and the carboxymethyl cellulose, and adjusting the water content of the slurry to 15-25% to obtain a glaze material;
step three, preparation of ceramic artware
S31, putting the ceramic blank obtained in the step S15 into a soaking solution to be soaked for 2-3 hours, taking out the ceramic blank to be naturally air-dried, and glazing the glaze obtained in the step S24 to the surface of the ceramic blank to obtain a glazed ceramic blank;
and S32, firing the glazed ceramic blank obtained in the step S31, and cooling to obtain the antibacterial and mildew-proof ceramic artwork.
9. The method for preparing a high-whiteness ceramic artwork according to claim 8, wherein the firing process of step S32 is as follows:
a first firing section: heating to 450-500 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 0.5-1 h;
a second firing section: heating to 700-850 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1-1.5 h;
a third firing stage: heating to 950-1000 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 0.5-1 h.
10. The preparation method of the antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic artwork of claim 8, wherein the soak solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-40 parts of mustard extract, 25-30 parts of artemisia argyi extract, 30-35 parts of 65% ethanol water solution and 50-80 parts of deionized water.
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