CN112225456A - Antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic glaze as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic glaze as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic materials, and particularly relates to an antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic glaze as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The product developed by the invention is core-shell structure ceramic powder; the core-shell structure comprises an inner core, a middle coating layer and a surface layer from inside to outside; the inner core comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of alkali metal carbonate, 60-80 parts of feldspar, 3-5 parts of nano silicon dioxide and 3-5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose; the middle coating layer comprises graphene oxide, nano iron powder, sodium fluoride and an organic carbon source; the nanometer iron powder, the sodium fluoride and the organic carbon source are embedded into an interlayer structure of the graphene oxide; the surface layer comprises nano silicon dioxide; the particle size distribution range of the inner core is 100-500 mu m; the thickness of the middle coating layer is 5-20 μm; the thickness of the surface layer is 0.1-3 μm. After the product obtained by the invention is fired into ceramic, the organic antibacterial component is matched, and the synergistic antibacterial effect of the two components can be effectively exerted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic materials. More particularly, relates to an antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic glaze as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The ceramic glaze is a thin colorless or colored vitreous layer covering the surface of the ceramic product. It is made up by using mineral raw material and chemical raw material according to a certain proportion, fine-grinding them to obtain glaze slip, coating it on ceramic blank body and calcining. The ceramic glaze material has the main functions of antifouling and decoration, enables the texture of the surface of the ceramic to be soft and elegant, or smooth and crystal, and enables the ceramic to be cultural, spiritual and life by matching with the innovation of design, so that the ceramic has more life feeling.
The ceramic product with antibiotic function is one new kind of functional ceramic with antibiotic effect on the surface of ceramic product through adding inorganic antiseptic during the production process. The antibacterial ceramic is used as a functional ceramic product, can effectively avoid the invasion of various infectious diseases to human beings, and is particularly suitable for the sanitary prevention in public places. Therefore, there is a need for a ceramic glaze and ceramic product with antibacterial effect, which can prevent the harm of germs to human body.
Because the firing of the ceramic needs to be carried out in a high-temperature environment, the added inorganic antibacterial agent is easily wrapped by components in the ceramic, such as glass and the like, in the firing process, so that the antibacterial effect of the product is reduced, and therefore, the inorganic antibacterial agent is also matched with the components with the antibacterial effect which are further coated on the surface of the ceramic after the firing of the ceramic is finished; the coating of the organic antibacterial component is carried out as soon as possible; however, since the surface of the ceramic glaze is dense and smooth, if the organic antibacterial component is simply coated on the surface thereof, the antibacterial component is easily dropped, and thus it is difficult to achieve an ideal antibacterial effect.
Therefore, the development of a ceramic glaze material to meet the requirement that the antibacterial component can effectively volatilize the antibacterial effect for a long time when the organic antibacterial component is coated subsequently becomes one of bottleneck problems restricting the development of the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the ceramic product obtained by sintering the existing ceramic glaze has smooth surface and insufficient binding force with organic antibacterial components, and easily causes the defect that the antibacterial components are easy to fall off after being coated, and provides the antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic glaze as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
The invention aims to provide an antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic glaze.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic glaze.
The invention also aims to provide an application method of the antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic glaze.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an antibacterial mildew-proof ceramic glaze is a core-shell structure ceramic powder;
the core-shell structure comprises an inner core, a middle coating layer and a surface layer from inside to outside;
the inner core comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of alkali metal carbonate, 60-80 parts of feldspar, 3-5 parts of nano silicon dioxide and 3-5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose;
the middle coating layer comprises graphene oxide, nano iron powder, sodium fluoride and an organic carbon source; the nanometer iron powder, the sodium fluoride and the organic carbon source are embedded into an interlayer structure of the graphene oxide;
the surface layer comprises nano silicon dioxide;
the particle size distribution range of the inner core is 100-500 mu m;
the thickness of the middle coating layer is 5-20 μm;
the thickness of the surface layer is 0.1-3 μm.
According to the technical scheme, by constructing the ceramic glaze with the core-shell structure, in the application process of a glaze product, specifically, on one hand, the densification and sintering process of ceramic occurs, on the other hand, in the firing process, under the action of high temperature, an organic carbon source in the intermediate coating layer is carbonized, and the generated gas enables a pore layer to be formed between the inner core and the surface layer; under the catalysis of nano iron powder and sodium fluoride, the silicon dioxide in the inner core and the silicon dioxide on the surface layer can form Si-C chemical bonding with the carbon skeleton in the middle layer, so that silicon carbide whiskers are formed, the silicon carbide whiskers support the structure between graphene oxide layers, and antibacterial components can permeate into the space between the graphene oxide layers during application, so that the loss of the antibacterial components is avoided; after the antibacterial component is retained in the middle layer, the pores on the surface of the ceramic glaze surface can be effectively utilized to gradually release in the using process, so that the antibacterial effect of the antibacterial component is effectively maintained.
Preferably, the alkali metal carbonate is at least one of calcium carbonate and barium carbonate.
Preferably, the organic carbon source is at least one of agar, gelatin, carboxymethyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, starch, and maltodextrin.
A preparation method of antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic glaze comprises the following specific preparation steps:
raw material preparation-kernel:
according to the weight portion, 10-30 portions of alkali carbonate, 60-80 portions of feldspar, 3-5 portions of nano silicon dioxide, 3-5 portions of carboxymethyl cellulose and 8-10 portions of water are taken in sequence, stirred, kneaded, dried and sieved to obtain powder with the particle size distribution range of 100-500 mu m, and an inner core is obtained;
raw material preparation-intermediate coating raw material:
according to the weight parts, 20-50 parts of graphene oxide, 0.3-0.8 part of nano iron powder, 0.2-0.6 part of sodium fluoride and 80-100 parts of organic carbon source solution are sequentially taken, mixed and dispersed, filtered, washed and dried to obtain a raw material of the intermediate coating layer;
preparing core-shell structure ceramic glaze:
according to the weight portion, 60-100 portions of inner core, 8-10 portions of intermediate coating layer raw material and 0.1-0.5 portion of nano silicon dioxide are taken in sequence, mixed and ball milled to obtain the core-shell structure ceramic glaze;
the particle size distribution range of the inner core is 100-500 mu m;
the thickness of the middle coating layer is 5-20 μm;
the thickness of the surface layer is 0.1-3 μm.
An application method of antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic glaze comprises the following specific application steps:
firing the ceramic:
firing the ceramic glaze material for 3-5h at 1480-1600 ℃ in an oxygen-free atmosphere, and cooling to finish firing the ceramic;
preparing a biological antibacterial component:
according to the weight parts, 10-15 parts of antibacterial peptide, 30-40 parts of plant essential oil, 1-3 parts of vanillin and 20-40 parts of diluent are sequentially taken and uniformly mixed to obtain a biological antibacterial component;
penetration of the biological antibacterial component:
and (3) soaking the fired ceramic in the biological antibacterial component, heating and ultrasonically soaking, cooling, and discharging to finish the permeation of the biological antibacterial component.
Preferably, the oxygen-free atmosphere is any one of nitrogen, argon and helium.
Preferably, the plant essential oil is any one of rosemary essential oil, lavender essential oil, rose essential oil, jasmine essential oil, tea essential oil or snow lotus essential oil.
Preferably, the diluent is any one of absolute ethyl alcohol or glycerol.
According to the technical scheme, the ceramic after being fired is soaked in the biological antibacterial component, under the action of heating and ultrasonic cavitation, the biological antibacterial component diffuses and permeates into the middle layer formed by firing and stays in the middle layer, and the volume of the product can shrink to a certain degree in the cooling process after the soaking is finished, so that the binding effect on the biological antibacterial component is further improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated.
Unless otherwise indicated, reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available.
Example 1
Raw material preparation-kernel:
according to the weight parts, 10 parts of alkali metal carbonate, 60 parts of feldspar, 3 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 3 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 8 parts of water are mixed and poured into a kneader, stirred and kneaded at the rotating speed of 100r/min for 3 hours, and dried to obtain a dry kneaded material; pouring the dry kneaded material into a ball milling tank, and screening powder with the particle size distribution range of 100 mu m after ball milling and mixing to obtain an inner core;
raw material preparation-intermediate coating raw material:
taking 20 parts of graphene oxide, 0.3 part of nano iron powder, 0.2 part of sodium fluoride and 80 parts of organic carbon source solution with the mass fraction of 1% in sequence according to the parts by weight, mixing, carrying out constant-temperature ultrasonic dispersion for 45min at the temperature of 55 ℃ and the ultrasonic frequency of 60kHz, carrying out suction filtration, collecting a filter cake, washing the filter cake for 3 times by using deionized water, transferring the washed filter cake into a vacuum drying box, and drying to constant weight under the conditions of the vacuum degree of 100Pa and the temperature of 90 ℃ to obtain a raw material of an intermediate coating layer;
preparing core-shell structure ceramic glaze:
taking 60 parts of inner core, 8 parts of intermediate coating raw material and 0.1 part of nano silicon dioxide in sequence by weight, mixing and pouring into a ball milling tank, wherein the mass ratio of ball materials is 10: 1, adding zirconia ball grinding beads, mixing and ball-milling for 36 hours at the rotating speed of 400r/min, and discharging to obtain the core-shell structure ceramic glaze; the thickness of the middle coating layer is 5 mu m; the thickness of the surface layer is 0.1 μm;
firing the ceramic:
coating the ceramic glaze on the surface of a ceramic blank, heating to 1480 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min in an oxygen-free atmosphere, carrying out heat preservation firing for 3h, cooling to room temperature along with a furnace, and discharging to finish firing of the ceramic;
preparing a biological antibacterial component:
according to the weight parts, 10 parts of antibacterial peptide, 30 parts of plant essential oil, 1 part of vanillin and 20 parts of diluent are sequentially mixed uniformly to obtain a biological antibacterial component;
penetration of the biological antibacterial component:
soaking the fired ceramic in the biological antibacterial component, heating and ultrasonically soaking for 3h at 65 ℃ and ultrasonic frequency of 50kHz, stopping heating, cooling to room temperature, and discharging to finish the permeation of the biological antibacterial component;
the alkali metal carbonate is calcium carbonate;
the organic carbon source is agar;
the oxygen-free atmosphere is nitrogen;
the plant essential oil is rosemary essential oil;
the diluent is absolute ethyl alcohol.
Example 2
Raw material preparation-kernel:
according to the weight parts, 20 parts of alkali metal carbonate, 70 parts of feldspar, 4 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 4 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 9 parts of water are mixed and poured into a kneading machine, stirred and kneaded at the rotating speed of 150r/min for 4 hours, and dried to obtain a dry kneaded material; pouring the dry kneaded material into a ball milling tank, and screening powder with the particle size distribution range of 300 mu m after ball milling and mixing to obtain an inner core;
raw material preparation-intermediate coating raw material:
according to the weight parts, sequentially taking 30 parts of graphene oxide, 0.5 part of nano iron powder, 0.5 part of sodium fluoride and 90 parts of organic carbon source solution, mixing, carrying out constant temperature ultrasonic dispersion for 50min at the temperature of 58 ℃ and the ultrasonic frequency of 70kHz, carrying out suction filtration, collecting a filter cake, washing the filter cake for 4 times by using deionized water, transferring the washed filter cake into a vacuum drying box, and drying to constant weight at the vacuum degree of 150Pa and the temperature of 95 ℃ to obtain a middle coating layer raw material;
preparing core-shell structure ceramic glaze:
according to the weight portion, 80 portions of inner core, 9 portions of intermediate coating layer raw material and 0.3 portion of nano silicon dioxide are mixed and poured into a ball milling tank, and the ball material mass ratio is 20: 1, adding zirconia ball grinding beads, mixing and ball-milling for 42h at the rotating speed of 500r/min, and discharging to obtain the core-shell structure ceramic glaze; the thickness of the middle coating layer is 10 mu m; the thickness of the surface layer is 0.9 μm;
firing the ceramic:
coating the ceramic glaze on the surface of a ceramic blank, heating to 1500 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min in an oxygen-free atmosphere, carrying out heat preservation firing for 4h, cooling to room temperature along with a furnace, and discharging to finish firing of the ceramic;
preparing a biological antibacterial component:
according to the weight parts, sequentially taking 12 parts of antibacterial peptide, 35 parts of plant essential oil, 2 parts of vanillin and 30 parts of diluent, and uniformly mixing to obtain a biological antibacterial component;
penetration of the biological antibacterial component:
soaking the fired ceramic in the biological antibacterial component, heating and ultrasonically soaking for 4h at 68 ℃ and ultrasonic frequency of 60kHz, stopping heating, cooling to room temperature, and discharging to finish the permeation of the biological antibacterial component;
the alkali metal carbonate is barium carbonate;
the organic carbon source is gelatin;
the oxygen-free atmosphere is argon;
the plant essential oil is Mirabilis jalapa flower essential oil;
the diluent is glycerol.
Example 3
Raw material preparation-kernel:
mixing 30 parts by weight of alkali metal carbonate, 80 parts by weight of feldspar, 5 parts by weight of nano silicon dioxide, 5 parts by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose and 10 parts by weight of water, pouring the mixture into a kneader, stirring and kneading the mixture for 5 hours at the rotating speed of 200r/min, and drying the mixture to obtain a dry kneaded material; pouring the dry kneaded material into a ball milling tank, and screening powder with the particle size distribution range of 500 mu m after ball milling and mixing to obtain an inner core;
raw material preparation-intermediate coating raw material:
taking 50 parts of graphene oxide, 0.8 part of nano iron powder, 0.6 part of sodium fluoride and 100 parts of organic carbon source solution in sequence, mixing, carrying out constant temperature ultrasonic dispersion for 60min at the temperature of 65 ℃ and the ultrasonic frequency of 80kHz, carrying out suction filtration, collecting a filter cake, washing the filter cake for 5 times by using deionized water, transferring the washed filter cake into a vacuum drying box, and drying to constant weight under the conditions of the vacuum degree of 200Pa and the temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain a middle coating layer raw material;
preparing core-shell structure ceramic glaze:
taking 100 parts of inner core, 10 parts of intermediate coating raw material and 0.5 part of nano silicon dioxide in sequence by weight, mixing and pouring into a ball milling tank, wherein the mass ratio of ball materials is 40: 1, adding zirconia ball milling beads, mixing and ball milling for 48 hours at the rotating speed of 600r/min, and discharging to obtain a core-shell structure ceramic glaze; the thickness of the middle coating layer is 20 mu m; the thickness of the surface layer is 3 μm;
firing the ceramic:
coating the ceramic glaze on the surface of a ceramic blank, heating to 1600 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min in an oxygen-free atmosphere, carrying out heat preservation firing for 5 hours, cooling to room temperature along with a furnace, and discharging to finish firing of the ceramic;
preparing a biological antibacterial component:
taking 15 parts of antibacterial peptide, 40 parts of plant essential oil, 3 parts of vanillin and 40 parts of diluent in sequence according to parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain a biological antibacterial component;
penetration of the biological antibacterial component:
soaking the fired ceramic in the biological antibacterial component, heating and ultrasonically soaking for 5h at 75 ℃ and the ultrasonic frequency of 70kHz, stopping heating, cooling to room temperature, and discharging to finish the permeation of the biological antibacterial component;
the alkali metal carbonate is calcium carbonate;
the organic carbon source is carboxymethyl cellulose;
the oxygen-free atmosphere is helium;
the plant essential oil is camellia essential oil;
the diluent is absolute ethyl alcohol.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the raw material of the intermediate coating layer is not added, and the rest conditions are kept unchanged.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the nanometer iron powder and the sodium fluoride are not added, and the other conditions are kept unchanged.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the nano-titanium dioxide with equal mass is adopted to replace the nano-silicon dioxide, and the rest conditions are kept unchanged.
The products obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to performance tests, and the specific test methods and test results were as follows:
cutting the products obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 into ceramic sheets having a size of 10cm × 10cm × 5mm, and measuring the antibacterial performance of Escherichia coli according to JIS Z2801: 2006 to obtain an antibacterial ratio of 1; then placing the ceramic wafer in a drying oven with the temperature of 35 ℃, standing for 3 hours continuously, taking out, and measuring the antibacterial performance of escherichia coli according to the same standard again to obtain the antibacterial rate 2; the specific results are shown in table 1;
table 1: product performance test results
The test results in table 1 show that the product obtained by the invention has excellent antibacterial effect, and the antibacterial persistence of the product is remarkably improved as proved by a simulated durability test.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic glaze is characterized by being core-shell structure ceramic powder;
the core-shell structure comprises an inner core, a middle coating layer and a surface layer from inside to outside;
the inner core comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of alkali metal carbonate, 60-80 parts of feldspar, 3-5 parts of nano silicon dioxide and 3-5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose;
the middle coating layer comprises graphene oxide, nano iron powder, sodium fluoride and an organic carbon source; the nanometer iron powder, the sodium fluoride and the organic carbon source are embedded into an interlayer structure of the graphene oxide;
the surface layer comprises nano silicon dioxide;
the particle size distribution range of the inner core is 100-500 mu m;
the thickness of the middle coating layer is 5-20 μm;
the thickness of the surface layer is 0.1-3 μm.
2. The mildew-proof antibacterial ceramic glaze material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alkali metal carbonate is at least one of calcium carbonate and barium carbonate.
3. The mildew-proof antibacterial ceramic glaze material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic carbon source is at least one of agar, gelatin, carboxymethyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, starch and maltodextrin.
4. The preparation method of the antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic glaze according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following specific preparation steps of:
raw material preparation-kernel:
according to the weight portion, 10-30 portions of alkali carbonate, 60-80 portions of feldspar, 3-5 portions of nano silicon dioxide, 3-5 portions of carboxymethyl cellulose and 8-10 portions of water are taken in sequence, stirred, kneaded, dried and sieved to obtain powder with the particle size distribution range of 100-500 mu m, and an inner core is obtained;
raw material preparation-intermediate coating raw material:
according to the weight parts, 20-50 parts of graphene oxide, 0.3-0.8 part of nano iron powder, 0.2-0.6 part of sodium fluoride and 80-100 parts of organic carbon source solution are sequentially taken, mixed and dispersed, filtered, washed and dried to obtain a raw material of the intermediate coating layer;
preparing core-shell structure ceramic glaze:
according to the weight portion, 60-100 portions of inner core, 8-10 portions of intermediate coating layer raw material and 0.1-0.5 portion of nano silicon dioxide are taken in sequence, mixed and ball milled to obtain the core-shell structure ceramic glaze;
the particle size distribution range of the inner core is 100-500 mu m;
the thickness of the middle coating layer is 5-20 μm;
the thickness of the surface layer is 0.1-3 μm.
5. The application method of the antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic glaze according to claim 1, wherein the specific application steps comprise:
firing the ceramic:
firing the ceramic glaze material for 3-5h at 1480-1600 ℃ in an oxygen-free atmosphere, and cooling to finish firing the ceramic;
preparing a biological antibacterial component:
according to the weight parts, 10-15 parts of antibacterial peptide, 30-40 parts of plant essential oil, 1-3 parts of vanillin and 20-40 parts of diluent are sequentially taken and uniformly mixed to obtain a biological antibacterial component;
penetration of the biological antibacterial component:
and (3) soaking the fired ceramic in the biological antibacterial component, heating and ultrasonically soaking, cooling, and discharging to finish the permeation of the biological antibacterial component.
6. The method for applying antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic glaze according to claim 5, wherein the oxygen-free atmosphere is any one of nitrogen, argon and helium.
7. The method for applying the antibacterial and mildewproof ceramic glaze according to claim 5, wherein the plant essential oil is any one of rosemary essential oil, lavender essential oil, rose essential oil, jasmine essential oil, tea essential oil or snow lotus essential oil.
8. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the diluent is one of absolute ethanol and glycerin.
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