CN112830763A - Preparation method of thermal shock resistant antibacterial low-temperature reinforced porcelain - Google Patents
Preparation method of thermal shock resistant antibacterial low-temperature reinforced porcelain Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of thermal shock resistant antibacterial low-temperature reinforced porcelain, which comprises the following steps: preparing a blank; preparing glaze water; glazing, airing, and sintering for 4-6 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere, wherein the maximum sintering temperature is 1080-1120 ℃; wherein the blank raw materials comprise de-oxidized kaolin, potassium feldspar, nano hexacyclic stone powder, dolomite and a flux for the blank; the glaze water raw materials comprise quartz powder, albite, glaze ash, a nano antibacterial agent and a glaze fluxing agent. According to the invention, nano hexacyclic stone powder is added into a green body, and a nano antibacterial agent is added into glaze water, so that the green body and a glaze layer have good antibacterial performance, and a fluxing agent prepared by mixing sodium fluosilicate, Chenwan porcelain stone and borocalcite is respectively added into the green body and the glaze water, so that the one-time firing temperature can be reduced to 1080-1120 ℃, and the high-wear-resistance high-strength low-temperature reinforced porcelain with the water absorption rate of 2 +/-0.5%, the glossiness of over 90, the quenching at 180-20 ℃ without cracking and good green glaze adaptability is prepared.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramics, and particularly relates to a preparation method of thermal shock resistant antibacterial low-temperature reinforced porcelain.
Background
The strengthened porcelain is the porcelain most suitable for high-grade hotels and restaurants, has the characteristics of common high-grade fine porcelain, has unique performances of high strength, acid and alkali resistance and easy washing, can withstand the collision of kitchen operation, is not easy to damage, is suitable for mechanical washing, microwave ovens and electric ovens, and is the ideal porcelain for most ideal Chinese and Western guest restaurants, restaurants and modern families.
The main categories of the reinforced porcelain comprise high-alumina, high-siliceous, magnesium and bone reinforced porcelain, for example, Chinese patent publication (CN111423207A) discloses a high-performance magnesium reinforced porcelain blank, a high-performance magnesium reinforced porcelain product and a preparation method thereof, wherein the blank comprises a base material and an additive, and the base material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25-40 wt% of black magnesia clay, 6-12 wt% of Guangxi resource clay, 8-15 wt% of Guizhou clay, 30-45 wt% of calcined talc, 1-3 wt% of boehmite, 1-5 wt% of light calcined magnesium, 3-8 wt% of potassium feldspar, 1-3 wt% of calcite and 1-3 wt% of bentonite; the additive is zirconia micro powder, and the dosage of the additive is 1-3 wt% of the base material. But the firing temperature is about 1300 ℃. In addition, how to obtain antibacterial properties and thermal stability of the reinforced porcelain is also a focus of increasing attention.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a thermal shock resistant antibacterial low-temperature reinforced porcelain, which can reduce the one-time firing temperature and prepare a high-strength low-temperature reinforced porcelain with good antibacterial and thermal shock resistant performances and good adaptation of a green glaze.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the preparation method of the thermal shock resistant antibacterial low-temperature reinforced porcelain specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a blank: the blank raw material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of germanized kaolin, 15-25 parts of potassium feldspar, 15-25 parts of nano hexacyclic stone powder, 15-25 parts of dolomite and 15-25 parts of blank fluxing agent;
s2, preparing glaze water: the glaze water comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of quartz powder, 8-12 parts of albite, 3-5 parts of glaze ash, 5-8 parts of nano antibacterial agent and 10-15 parts of glaze fluxing agent;
s3, adjusting the water content of the glaze water obtained in the step S2 to be 50% -60%, glazing the blank obtained in the step S1, airing, and sintering for 4-6 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere, wherein the maximum sintering temperature is 1080-1120 ℃.
Preferably, the flux for the blank and the flux for the glaze are both prepared by mixing sodium fluosilicate, Chenwan porcelain stone and borocalcite according to the mass ratio of 3:2: 2.
Preferably, the nano antibacterial agent is prepared by the following method: adding a surfactant and zinc nitrate into a silver nitrate aqueous solution, uniformly mixing under the stirring of 1200-1500r/min, continuously stirring and adding silicon dioxide, continuously stirring for 30-50 minutes, adding a foaming agent, stirring for 8-10 minutes, flatly paving foam in a container, vacuum drying at 60-80 ℃ for 12 hours, collecting powder, grinding, and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain the nano antibacterial agent.
Preferably, the method for preparing the blank in step S1 specifically includes: step S11: mixing the blank raw materials, adding water, performing ball milling by using alumina balls as ball milling media, performing ball milling for 20-30 min, sieving with a 500-mesh sieve, and removing iron to obtain blank pug; step S12: and (5) sequentially carrying out the processes of dehydration, vacuum pugging and ageing on the blank pug obtained in the step S11, and then carrying out blank benefiting and airing on the shaped rough blank to obtain a blank.
Preferably, the glaze water preparation method in step S2 specifically includes: step S21: weighing raw materials, adding quartz powder, albite, glaze ash, a nano antibacterial agent and a glaze fluxing agent into a ball milling device containing an abrasive according to a formula, preliminarily mixing, adding water, adjusting the water content, and carrying out ball milling for 36-48 h at the rotating speed of 200-250 r/min; step S22: after ball milling, the mixture is sieved by a 200-plus 400-mesh sieve and deironing is carried out, and then vacuum stirring and defoaming and natural cooling are carried out. Preferably, the water content of the step S21 is controlled to be 30-40%, the technological conditions of vacuum stirring and defoaming are that the vacuum degree is 0.1-0.5 MPa, the temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the stirring speed is 120-150 r/min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, nano hexacyclic stone powder is added into a green body, and a nano antibacterial agent is added into glaze water, so that the green body and a glaze layer have good antibacterial performance, and a fluxing agent prepared by mixing sodium fluosilicate, Chenwan porcelain stone and borocalcite is respectively added into the green body and the glaze water, so that the one-time firing temperature can be reduced to 1080-1120 ℃, and the high-wear-resistance high-strength low-temperature reinforced porcelain with the water absorption of 2 +/-0.5%, the glossiness of over 90, the quenching at 180-20 ℃ without cracking and good green glaze adaptability is prepared.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a thermal shock resistant antibacterial low-temperature reinforced porcelain, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a blank: the blank raw material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of germanized kaolin, 12 parts of potassium feldspar, 4 parts of nano-hexacyclic stone powder, 8 parts of dolomite and 10 parts of blank fluxing agent, wherein the blank fluxing agent is formed by mixing sodium fluosilicate, Chenwan porcelain stone and borocalcite according to the mass ratio of 3:2: 2; the preparation method of the blank body comprises the following steps: step S11: mixing the blank raw materials, adding water, performing ball milling by using alumina balls as ball milling media, performing ball milling for 30min, sieving with a 500-mesh sieve, and removing iron to obtain blank pug; step S12: and (5) sequentially carrying out the processes of dehydration, vacuum pugging and ageing on the blank pug obtained in the step S11, and then carrying out blank benefiting and airing on the shaped rough blank to obtain a blank.
S2, preparing glaze water: the glaze water comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of quartz powder, 10 parts of albite, 5 parts of glaze ash, 6 parts of a nano antibacterial agent and 12 parts of a glaze fluxing agent, wherein the glaze fluxing agent is formed by mixing sodium fluosilicate, Chenwan porcelain stone and borocalcite according to a mass ratio of 3:2: 2; the preparation method of the glaze water comprises the following steps: step S21: weighing raw materials, adding quartz powder, albite, glaze ash, a nano antibacterial agent and a glaze fluxing agent into a ball milling device containing an abrasive according to a formula, primarily mixing, adding water, adjusting the water content to 35%, and carrying out ball milling for 36 hours at a rotating speed of 225 r/min; step S22: and after ball milling, sieving the mixture by a 300-mesh sieve, removing iron, then carrying out vacuum stirring and defoaming, and naturally cooling, wherein the technological conditions of the vacuum stirring and defoaming are that the vacuum degree is 0.25MPa, the temperature is 60 ℃, and the stirring speed is 135 r/min.
S3, adjusting the water content of the glaze water obtained in the step S2 to 60%, glazing the blank obtained in the step S1, airing, and sintering for 5 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere, wherein the maximum sintering temperature is 1100 ℃.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a thermal shock resistant antibacterial low-temperature reinforced porcelain, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a blank: the blank raw material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of germanized kaolin, 15 parts of potassium feldspar, 5 parts of nano-hexacyclic stone powder, 6 parts of dolomite and 12 parts of blank fluxing agent, wherein the blank fluxing agent is formed by mixing sodium fluosilicate, Chenwan porcelain stone and borocalcite according to the mass ratio of 3:2: 2; the preparation method of the blank body comprises the following steps: step S11: mixing the blank raw materials, adding water, performing ball milling by using alumina balls as ball milling media, performing ball milling for 25min, sieving with a 500-mesh sieve, and removing iron to obtain blank pug; step S12: and (5) sequentially carrying out the processes of dehydration, vacuum pugging and ageing on the blank pug obtained in the step S11, and then carrying out blank benefiting and airing on the shaped rough blank to obtain a blank.
S2, preparing glaze water: the glaze water comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of quartz powder, 12 parts of albite, 5 parts of glaze ash, 8 parts of a nano antibacterial agent and 15 parts of a glaze fluxing agent, wherein the glaze fluxing agent is formed by mixing sodium fluosilicate, Chenwan porcelain stone and borocalcite according to a mass ratio of 3:2: 2; the preparation method of the glaze water comprises the following steps: step S21: weighing raw materials, adding quartz powder, albite, glaze ash, a nano antibacterial agent and a glaze fluxing agent into a ball milling device containing an abrasive according to a formula, primarily mixing, adding water, adjusting the water content to 40%, and carrying out ball milling for 48 hours at a rotating speed of 200 r/min; step S22: and after ball milling, sieving the mixture by a 200-mesh sieve, removing iron, then carrying out vacuum stirring and defoaming, and naturally cooling, wherein the technological conditions of the vacuum stirring and defoaming are that the vacuum degree is 0.1MPa, the temperature is 55 ℃, and the stirring speed is 150 r/min.
S3, adjusting the water content of the glaze water obtained in the step S2 to 55%, glazing the blank obtained in the step S1, airing, and sintering for 6 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere, wherein the maximum sintering temperature is 1120 ℃.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a thermal shock resistant antibacterial low-temperature reinforced porcelain, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a blank: the blank raw material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of germanized kaolin, 10 parts of potassium feldspar, 3 parts of nano-hexacyclic stone powder, 5 parts of dolomite and 8 parts of blank fluxing agent, wherein the blank fluxing agent is formed by mixing sodium fluosilicate, Chenwan porcelain stone and borocalcite according to the mass ratio of 3:2: 2; the preparation method of the blank body comprises the following steps: step S11: mixing the blank raw materials, adding water, performing ball milling by using alumina balls as ball milling media, performing ball milling for 20min, sieving with a 500-mesh sieve, and removing iron to obtain blank pug; step S12: and (5) sequentially carrying out the processes of dehydration, vacuum pugging and ageing on the blank pug obtained in the step S11, and then carrying out blank benefiting and airing on the shaped rough blank to obtain a blank.
S2, preparing glaze water: the glaze water comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of quartz powder, 8 parts of albite, 3 parts of glaze ash, 5 parts of a nano antibacterial agent and 10 parts of a glaze fluxing agent, wherein the glaze fluxing agent is formed by mixing sodium fluosilicate, Chenwan porcelain stone and borocalcite according to a mass ratio of 3:2: 2; the preparation method of the glaze water comprises the following steps: step S21: weighing raw materials, adding quartz powder, albite, glaze ash, a nano antibacterial agent and a glaze fluxing agent into a ball milling device containing an abrasive according to a formula, preliminarily mixing, adding water, adjusting the water content to 30%, and ball milling for 42 hours at a rotating speed of 250 r/min; step S22: and after ball milling, sieving the mixture by a 400-mesh sieve, removing iron, then carrying out vacuum stirring and defoaming, and naturally cooling, wherein the process conditions of the vacuum stirring and defoaming are that the vacuum degree is 0.5MPa, the temperature is 50 ℃, and the stirring speed is 120 r/min.
S3, adjusting the water content of the glaze water obtained in the step S2 to be 50%, glazing the blank obtained in the step S1, airing, and sintering for 4 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere, wherein the maximum sintering temperature is 1080 ℃.
The nano antibacterial agents of the above examples 1 to 3 were prepared by the following methods: adding a surfactant and zinc nitrate into a silver nitrate aqueous solution, uniformly mixing under the stirring of 1200-1500r/min, continuously stirring and adding silicon dioxide, continuously stirring for 30-50 minutes, adding a foaming agent, stirring for 8-10 minutes, flatly paving foam in a container, vacuum drying at 60-80 ℃ for 12 hours, collecting powder, grinding, and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain the nano antibacterial agent.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example 1 differs from the above example 1 only in that: the flux for the blank and the flux for the glaze are both replaced by sodium fluosilicate and borocalcite which are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3: 2.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example 2 differs from the above example 1 only in that: the flux for the blank and the flux for the glaze are replaced by sodium fluosilicate, potassium feldspar and borocalcite and mixed according to the mass ratio of 3: 2.
The porcelain products obtained in the above examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were subjected to physical property tests, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: tables showing the results of physical property tests of examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 2
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited by the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the thermal shock resistant antibacterial low-temperature reinforced porcelain is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a blank: the blank raw material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of germanized kaolin, 10-15 parts of potassium feldspar, 3-5 parts of nano hexacyclic stone powder, 5-8 parts of dolomite and 8-12 parts of blank fluxing agent;
s2, preparing glaze water: the glaze water comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of quartz powder, 8-12 parts of albite, 3-5 parts of glaze ash, 5-8 parts of nano antibacterial agent and 10-15 parts of glaze fluxing agent;
s3, adjusting the water content of the glaze water obtained in the step S2 to be 50% -60%, glazing the blank obtained in the step S1, airing, and sintering for 4-6 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere, wherein the maximum sintering temperature is 1080-1120 ℃.
2. The preparation method of the thermal shock resistant antibacterial low-temperature reinforced porcelain according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the flux for the blank and the flux for the glaze are prepared by mixing sodium fluosilicate, Chenwan porcelain stone and borocalcite according to the mass ratio of 3:2: 2.
3. The preparation method of the thermal shock resistant antibacterial low-temperature reinforced porcelain according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the nano antibacterial agent is prepared by the following method: adding a surfactant and zinc nitrate into a silver nitrate aqueous solution, uniformly mixing under the stirring of 1200-1500r/min, continuously stirring and adding silicon dioxide, continuously stirring for 30-50 minutes, adding a foaming agent, stirring for 8-10 minutes, flatly paving foam in a container, vacuum drying at 60-80 ℃ for 12 hours, collecting powder, grinding, and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain the nano antibacterial agent.
4. The preparation method of the thermal shock resistant antibacterial low-temperature reinforced porcelain according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method for preparing the blank in the step S1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step S11: mixing the blank raw materials, adding water, performing ball milling by using alumina balls as ball milling media, performing ball milling for 20-30 min, sieving with a 500-mesh sieve, and removing iron to obtain blank pug;
step S12: and (5) sequentially carrying out the processes of dehydration, vacuum pugging and ageing on the blank pug obtained in the step S11, and then carrying out blank benefiting and airing on the shaped rough blank to obtain a blank.
5. The preparation method of the thermal shock resistant antibacterial low-temperature reinforced porcelain according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the glaze water preparation method in the step S2 specifically comprises the following steps:
step S21: weighing raw materials, adding quartz powder, albite, glaze ash, a nano antibacterial agent and a glaze fluxing agent into a ball milling device containing an abrasive according to a formula, preliminarily mixing, adding water, adjusting the water content, and carrying out ball milling for 36-48 h at the rotating speed of 200-250 r/min;
step S22: after ball milling, the mixture is sieved by a 200-plus 400-mesh sieve and deironing is carried out, and then vacuum stirring and defoaming and natural cooling are carried out.
6. The preparation method of the thermal shock resistant antibacterial low-temperature reinforced porcelain according to claim 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: the water content in the step S21 is controlled to be 30-40%.
7. The preparation method of the thermal shock resistant antibacterial low-temperature reinforced porcelain according to claim 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: the technological conditions of vacuum stirring and defoaming are that the vacuum degree is 0.1MPa to 0.5MPa, the temperature is 50 ℃ to 60 ℃, and the stirring speed is 120r/min to 150 r/min.
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| CN113233868A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-10 | 福建省德化新凯丰陶瓷有限公司 | Preparation process of antibacterial blank reinforcing agent for ceramic ornaments |
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