CN111115962B - Method for multi-combination treatment of industrial mariculture tail water - Google Patents
Method for multi-combination treatment of industrial mariculture tail water Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
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- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of mariculture, and particularly relates to a multi-combination treatment method for industrial mariculture tail water. The method comprises the following steps: precipitating and pretreating culture tail water in a buffer pool; carrying out engineering treatment on the culture tail water subjected to precipitation and pretreatment; residual nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salt is eliminated in the ecological treatment unit. The invention combines the high-efficiency engineering water treatment and the ecological water treatment technology, can effectively treat the tail water generated by the high-density industrial mariculture, can reach the standard after treatment and discharge, and has the characteristics of small floor area, high removal efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutritive salts, low energy consumption, low operation cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mariculture, and particularly relates to a multi-combination treatment method for industrial mariculture tail water.
Background
China is a big aquaculture country, and the culture yield accounts for the first world. According to the annual yearbook of Chinese fishery statistics in 2019, the yield of Chinese aquaculture in 2018 is 4991.06 ten thousand tons, and the fishing amount is far exceeded. The mariculture industry has rapidly developed in China in the last two decades, and the land-based seawater industrial culture, particularly the circulating water culture mode, can realize the high-density culture of aquatic organisms such as fishes, shrimps and the like by optimizing the culture water environment. Meanwhile, the aquaculture wastewater mixed with a large amount of residual baits, aquatic animal feces, input product dissolved substances and metabolic products is directly or simply treated and then directly discharged into the environment, so that partial region eutrophication is easily caused, how to treat the aquaculture wastewater is discharged in a harmless manner, or the recycling is gradually the key for realizing the healthy and continuous development of the mariculture industry whether to meet the environmental protection requirement.
Compared with freshwater aquaculture wastewater, the seawater aquaculture wastewater cannot be directly used as a fertilizer for crops, and the problems of complex treatment procedure, long treatment period and the like exist. The freshwater aquaculture wastewater can be used for absorbing nutrient substances in the aquaculture wastewater by constructing a freshwater artificial wetland and utilizing vegetables, plants, benthic fishes and the like to achieve the aim of purifying the water body. In the actual production at present, the mariculture wastewater is directly discharged to the sea after simple primary precipitation, and the requirement of the water quality index of the discharged water is difficult to achieve. Aiming at the relevant design of the mariculture wastewater, the method has the defects of relatively long treatment period, limited effect, large occupied area, small controllability, limited water treatment amount in unit time and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a method for treating industrial seawater culture tail water in a multi-combination mode, the method is used for treating seawater culture waste water, different treatment units are connected in series to respectively treat solid particles, organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus nutritive salts and the like according to the water quality characteristics of the culture tail water, and a culture tail water treatment system built according to the method has the characteristics of relatively small floor area, large culture waste water treatment amount in unit time, high pollutant treatment efficiency and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for multi-combination treatment of industrial mariculture tail water, comprising:
precipitating and pretreating culture tail water in a buffer pool;
carrying out engineering treatment on the culture tail water subjected to precipitation and pretreatment;
residual nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salt is eliminated in the ecological treatment unit.
The buffer pool comprises an abnormal tail water buffer pool and a culture tail water collecting buffer pool;
tail water containing disinfectant and bactericide enters the abnormal tail water buffer tank for precipitation and digestion, and precipitates and suspended matters are squeezed into concentrated sludge by a squeezer and then are removed;
the culture tail water and the normal culture tail water which are precipitated and cleared by the abnormal tail water buffer pool enter the culture tail water collecting buffer pool to be precipitated.
The engineering treatment of the aquaculture tail water comprises the following steps:
filtering by a primary coarse grid, wherein after the primary coarse grid is connected with a culture tail water collecting buffer tank, the culture tail water subjected to precipitation or pretreatment is filtered by the primary coarse grid to remove large particles and wastes;
primary mechanical filtration, wherein the particles are filtered by a mechanical filter device;
primary biological treatment, namely intercepting the particles through a primary biological treatment tank and implementing denitrification treatment;
primary separation of the micro particles, namely, primary separation of the micro particles is carried out through a primary micro particle separation device;
performing secondary biological treatment, namely performing nitrification treatment and aeration in a secondary biological treatment tank;
secondary separation of the micro particles, namely performing secondary separation on the micro particles by using a micro particle secondary separation device;
and (3) performing three-stage biological treatment, namely performing nitrification treatment and aeration in a three-stage biological treatment tank.
The gaps between the bars of the first-level coarse grating are 3-15 mm.
And the particles filtered by the primary mechanical filtering device are squeezed to form concentrated sludge.
The micro-particle primary separation device and the micro-particle secondary separation device both adopt an air flotation machine or a protein separator.
Brush filler is arranged in the primary biological treatment tank to intercept particulate matters and perform denitrification,
porous fillers are uniformly distributed in the secondary biological treatment tank and the tertiary biological treatment tank, and nitration treatment is carried out through the porous fillers.
The ecological treatment unit comprises an ecological pond, an artificial wetland and/or a microalgae/clonal algae culture pond.
The treated water treated by the ecological treatment unit and reaching the standard after detection can be cultivated and recycled.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. aiming at the culture wastewater with large flow and rich solid particle, nitrogen and phosphorus nutritive salt, the invention establishes a multi-combination treatment process for factory mariculture tail water by applying biological treatment methods such as physical filtration, microbial nitrification, denitrification, algae photosynthesis and the like, and has good water body purification effect, wherein the removal rate of the solid particle reaches more than 85 percent, and the removal rate of the dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus nutritive salt reaches more than 90 percent.
2. The invention adopts the four-stage physical filtering device to respectively filter large-scale and micro solid particles, has high filtering efficiency, improves the cleanness degree of the water body on one hand, and indirectly improves the biological treatment efficiency on the other hand.
3. The invention adopts three-stage biological treatment, and respectively implements the nitrification process and the denitrification process, thereby more effectively and more efficiently removing the nitrogen nutritive salt.
4. The nutrient salt in the total dissolved state of the water body is complementarily absorbed by microorganisms and plants, so that the removal effect is good; the introduction of the engineering algae can effectively utilize the residual nutritive salt in the water body, and can generate additional economic benefit besides purifying the water quality.
5. The invention combines the engineering high-efficiency treatment and the ecological treatment, and has good tail water treatment effect, low operation cost and smaller floor area.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a method for multi-combination treatment of industrial mariculture tail water, which comprises the following steps:
precipitating and pretreating culture tail water in a buffer pool;
carrying out engineering treatment on the culture tail water subjected to precipitation and pretreatment;
residual nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salt is eliminated in the ecological treatment unit.
The buffer pool comprises an abnormal tail water buffer pool and a culture tail water collecting buffer pool;
tail water containing disinfectant and bactericide enters the abnormal tail water buffer tank for precipitation and digestion, and precipitates and suspended matters are squeezed into concentrated sludge by a squeezer and then are removed;
the culture tail water and the normal culture tail water which are precipitated and cleared by the abnormal tail water buffer pool enter the culture tail water collecting buffer pool to be precipitated.
The cultivation tail water is subjected to engineering treatment and comprises the following steps:
filtering by a primary coarse grid, wherein after the primary coarse grid is connected with a culture tail water collecting buffer tank, the culture tail water subjected to precipitation or pretreatment is filtered by the primary coarse grid to remove large particles and wastes;
in the embodiment of the invention, the gaps of the bars of the primary coarse grating are 3-15 mm.
Primary mechanical filtration, wherein the particles are filtered by a mechanical filter device; the filtered particles are pressed to form a thickened sludge.
Primary biological treatment, namely intercepting the particles through a primary biological treatment tank and implementing denitrification treatment; brush filler is arranged in the primary biological treatment tank to intercept particles and implement denitrification treatment to convert ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and the like into nitrogen.
Primary separation of the micro particles, wherein the primary separation device of the micro particles performs primary separation on the micro particles in an air floatation mode; in the embodiment of the invention, the primary micro-particle separation device adopts an air flotation machine or a protein separator.
Performing secondary biological treatment, namely performing nitrification treatment in a secondary biological treatment tank and performing a large amount of aeration; and porous fillers are distributed in the secondary biological treatment tank, and nitrification treatment is carried out through the porous fillers.
The micro particles are subjected to secondary separation, and a micro particle secondary separation device is used for carrying out secondary separation on the micro particles in an air floatation mode; in the embodiment of the invention, the micro-particle secondary separation device adopts an air flotation machine or a protein separator.
Three-stage biological treatment, namely carrying out nitration treatment in a three-stage biological treatment tank and carrying out a large amount of aeration. Porous fillers are uniformly distributed in the three-stage biological treatment tank, and nitrification treatment is carried out through the porous fillers. Large algae are distributed in one half of the rear end of the third-stage biological treatment tank to further absorb nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salts in the water body.
The engineering processing unit constructs a heat preservation workshop, and the temperature difference between the inlet water and the outlet water of the culture tail water is within 5 ℃.
The ecological treatment unit comprises an ecological pond, an artificial wetland and/or a microalgae/clonal algae culture pond, and further absorbs residual nitrogen and phosphorus nutritive salt in the water body. The treated water which is treated by the ecological treatment unit and reaches the standard after detection can be cultivated and recycled.
The microalgae culture pond of the ecological treatment unit can mixedly culture oysters, hard shell clams and other shellfishes; the cloned algae culture pond can be harvested regularly to be used as feed for abalones and the like; the ecological pond can construct a biological chain mainly comprising bottom sowing shellfish, emergent seawater plants, filter feeding fishes and the like; the artificial wetland can adopt a subsurface flow type, and the upper part of the wetland is planted with hippocampus, suaeda salsa and the like.
The invention relates to a method for multi-combination treatment of industrial seawater culture tail water, wherein the culture tail water treatment process comprises the following steps:
(1) feeding the culture tail water containing the disinfectant and the bactericide into an abnormal culture tail water buffer pool for precipitation and digestion;
(2) the normal culture tail water and the abnormal culture tail water after precipitation and digestion treatment enter a normal culture tail water buffer pool 2 for pretreatment; comprises adding a pH regulator and the like;
(3) filtering the culture tail water through a primary coarse grid to remove large solid wastes;
(4) carrying out primary mechanical filtration on the culture tail water, and squeezing the filtered substances in an air floatation mode to form concentrated sludge; wherein the mechanical filter is preferably 160-200 meshes;
(5) feeding the culture tail water into a primary biological treatment tank for denitrification to intercept particulate matters; aeration is not suitable in the process;
(6) feeding the culture tail water into a primary micro-particle separation device, and removing micro solid particles in an air floatation mode;
(7) feeding the culture tail water into a secondary biological treatment tank for nitrification to remove ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen;
(8) feeding the culture tail water into a micro particle secondary separation device, and removing micro solid particles in an air floatation mode;
(9) feeding the culture tail water into a three-stage biological treatment tank, and removing ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and the like in the water body again;
(10) the culture tail water can be discharged into an ecological pond, an artificial wetland, a microalgae/macroalgae treatment culture pond according to the area, the planning and the like of an enterprise to eliminate residual nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutritive salts in the water body, and finally the treated water can be discharged up to the standard or recycled after being disinfected and adjusted in temperature.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps that breeding tail water firstly enters a breeding tail water buffer pool through a water inlet system for pretreatment, and then large solid particles are removed through a physical filtering device; removing the micro solid particles under the action of air floatation; the microorganisms attached to the biological membrane in the biological treatment tank remove nitrogen nutritive salts such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and the like through nitrification and denitrification; the residual nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salt is absorbed by the engineering algae, and finally the treated effluent can be discharged after reaching the standard or recycled after being disinfected and adjusted in temperature. The invention adopts the pretreatment such as precipitation, four-stage physical filtration, three-stage biological treatment, engineering algae and other treatment links to carry out the treatment of the culture tail water to the utmost extent and high efficiently so as to realize the discharge and recycling after reaching the standard.
Example one
The invention is tested in aquaculture enterprises in Tianjin pond water-making area, and according to the aquaculture tail water treatment process designed by the invention, one indoor treatment shed is built, and an aquaculture tail water buffer tank-physical filtration-biofilm reactor-algae treatment tank combined system is constructed for the research on the reuse of purified aquaculture water. The initial concentration of inorganic nitrogen (ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and nitrate) in the aquaculture water body reaches 10mg/L, the initial concentration of total nitrogen is 15mg/L, and the initial concentration of phosphate is 0.8 mg/L; the initial concentration of total phosphorus reaches 1.2mg/L, and the suspended matter reaches 100 mg/L. Inorganic nitrogen is generated after the treatment of the tail water treatment system,The removal rate of total nitrogen, phosphate, total phosphorus, COD and suspended matters can reach more than 90 percent. The total nitrogen of the tail water after treatment is 1mg/L, the inorganic phosphorus is 0.3mg/L, and the COD isMnThe concentration of the suspension is 5mg/L and the concentration of the suspension is 15 mg/L.
The multi-combination treatment process for the industrial seawater culture tail water combines the high-efficiency engineering water treatment and the ecological water treatment technology, can effectively treat the tail water generated by the high-density industrial seawater culture, can achieve standard discharge after treatment, and has the characteristics of small floor area, high removal efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutritive salts, low energy consumption and the like.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, extension, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for multi-combination treatment of industrial mariculture tail water is characterized by comprising the following steps:
precipitating and pretreating culture tail water in a buffer pool;
carrying out engineering treatment on the culture tail water subjected to precipitation and pretreatment;
residual nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salt is eliminated in the ecological treatment unit;
the buffer pool comprises an abnormal tail water buffer pool and a culture tail water collecting buffer pool;
tail water containing disinfectant and bactericide enters the abnormal tail water buffer tank for precipitation and digestion, and precipitates and suspended matters are squeezed into concentrated sludge by a squeezer and then are removed;
feeding the culture tail water subjected to precipitation and digestion by the abnormal tail water buffer pool and the normal culture tail water into a culture tail water collecting buffer pool for precipitation;
the engineering treatment of the aquaculture tail water comprises the following steps:
filtering by a primary coarse grid, wherein the primary coarse grid is connected with a culture tail water collecting buffer pool, and then filtering the precipitated culture tail water by the primary coarse grid to remove large particles and wastes;
primary mechanical filtration, wherein the particles are filtered by a mechanical filter device;
primary biological treatment, namely intercepting the particles through a primary biological treatment tank and implementing denitrification treatment;
primary separation of the micro particles, namely, primary separation of the micro particles is carried out through a primary micro particle separation device;
performing secondary biological treatment, namely performing nitrification treatment and aeration in a secondary biological treatment tank;
secondary separation of the micro particles, namely performing secondary separation on the micro particles by using a micro particle secondary separation device;
performing three-stage biological treatment, namely performing nitrification treatment and aeration in a three-stage biological treatment tank;
the micro-particle primary separation device and the micro-particle secondary separation device both adopt an air flotation machine or a protein separator.
2. The method for the multi-combination treatment of the industrial mariculture tail water according to claim 1, wherein the gaps between the bars of the primary coarse grating are 3-15 mm.
3. The method for multi-combination treatment of factory-like seawater culture tail water according to claim 1, wherein the particles filtered out by the primary mechanical filtration device are pressed to form a concentrated sludge.
4. The method for multi-combination treatment of industrial seawater culture tail water according to claim 1, wherein brush packings are arranged in the primary biological treatment tank to intercept particulate matter and perform denitrification.
5. The method for multi-combination treatment of industrial seawater culture tail water according to claim 1, wherein porous fillers are uniformly distributed in the secondary biological treatment tank and the tertiary biological treatment tank, and nitrification treatment is performed through the porous fillers.
6. The method for multi-combination treatment of factory-like mariculture tail water according to claim 1, wherein the ecological treatment unit comprises an ecological pond, an artificial wetland and/or a microalgae/clonal algae cultivation pond.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the detected treated water treated by the ecological treatment unit is recycled for aquaculture.
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| CN112209573B (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-07-23 | 北京美斯顿科技开发有限公司 | Breeding tail water treatment system |
| CN113754203B (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2023-04-18 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | Treatment method of aquaculture tail water |
| CN113896333A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-01-07 | 宁波大学 | Aquaculture tail water treatment system and treatment method |
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