CN111112576B - A method of manufacturing beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer - Google Patents
A method of manufacturing beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer Download PDFInfo
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- CN111112576B CN111112576B CN202010022558.5A CN202010022558A CN111112576B CN 111112576 B CN111112576 B CN 111112576B CN 202010022558 A CN202010022558 A CN 202010022558A CN 111112576 B CN111112576 B CN 111112576B
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- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 241000251131 Sphyrna Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 67
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007528 sand casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/02—Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressure devices, e.g. cast-forging
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种制造铍青铜防爆锤的方法，其利用金属铸型成型，所述金属柱形包括水平分型的上半型和下半型；所述上半型上设置有上铸型半腔，所述下半型上对应设置有与上铸型半腔对应的下铸型半腔，所述上铸型半腔的顶面中心设置有上半芯，所述下铸型半腔的底面中心设置有下半芯；所述防爆锤头型腔的外侧位于上半型和下半型的分型面上设置有排气道；所述上半型上设置有上压头；所述下半型的中心设置有储料腔，所述储料腔的底部设置有下压头；所述储料腔与下铸型半腔之间设置有流道。本发明还涉及利用上述金属铸型制造铍青铜防爆锤的方法，以解决现有铸造技术生产铍青铜防爆锤头存在的密度低、组织粗大、使用中易蹦块的问题。
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer, which is formed by using a metal mold, and the metal column includes a horizontally divided upper half and a lower half; The lower mold half cavity is correspondingly provided with a lower mold half cavity corresponding to the upper mold half cavity, the top surface center of the upper mold half cavity is provided with an upper half core, and the lower mold half cavity is provided with an upper half core. The center of the bottom surface is provided with a lower half core; the outer side of the explosion-proof hammer head cavity is provided with an exhaust channel on the parting surfaces of the upper half type and the lower half type; an upper pressure head is arranged on the upper half type; The center of the lower mold is provided with a material storage cavity, and the bottom of the material storage cavity is provided with a lower pressure head; a flow channel is provided between the material storage cavity and the lower mold half cavity. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer by using the above-mentioned metal casting mold, so as to solve the problems of low density, coarse structure and easy to jump blocks in use in the production of beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer heads with the existing casting technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of manufacturing of explosion-proof tools, in particular to a method for manufacturing a beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer.
Background
The beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer is a safety tool used in special inflammable and explosive occasions, the hammer head of the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer does not generate sparks during impact, and the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer head has the antimagnetic performance in places with magnetic fields, so that the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer is considered to be an ideal explosion-proof tool at present.
The traditional manufacturing method of the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer head comprises three types of combination of casting, forging and casting-forging, wherein the casting of the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer head is formed by pouring and solidifying a sand mould under the gravity condition, and the problems of low density, rough surface and large size fluctuation generally exist. The forging method of the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer is characterized in that a bar is plastically deformed within a forging temperature range to obtain an explosion-proof hammer blank, the method needs a long process flow and large equipment tonnage, and due to the limitation of material plasticity, cracks are easy to occur in forging forming to cause high rejection rate. The casting and forging combined manufacturing method of the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer head is characterized in that a blank with a shape close to that of the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer head is firstly prepared by a sand casting method, and then die forging forming is carried out by a die forging machine.
A beryllium bronze explosion-proof octagonal hammer extrusion casting mold is designed in a paper 'application of extrusion casting in an explosion-proof hand tool', although chemical components (containing 1.9-2.2% of beryllium and 0.2-0.5% of nickel) of beryllium bronze and characteristic process parameters of extrusion casting are given, the casting temperature is 1100-.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a metal mold for manufacturing a beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer and a manufacturing method of the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer, which aim to solve the problems of low density, large structure and easy jumping block in use in the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer produced by the prior casting technology and simultaneously solve the problem of high rejection rate caused by easy cracking of the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer produced by the prior forging or casting and forging combined technology.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for manufacturing a beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer utilizes metal casting molding.
The metal casting mold comprises a horizontally-split upper half mold and a lower half mold; an upper casting half cavity is arranged on the upper half mould, a lower casting half cavity corresponding to the upper casting half cavity is correspondingly arranged on the lower half mould, and an explosion-proof hammer head cavity is formed after the upper casting half cavity and the lower casting half cavity are closed; an upper half core is arranged at the center of the top surface of the upper casting mold half cavity, a lower half core is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the lower casting mold half cavity, and the upper half core and the lower half core are frustum-shaped and have conical tops which are relatively combined to form a hammer eye core; an exhaust passage is arranged on the parting surface of the upper half mould and the lower half mould on the outer side of the explosion-proof hammer head cavity; an upper pressure head is arranged on the upper half mould and is communicated with the upper casting mould half cavity; a material storage cavity is arranged in the center of the lower half mold, and a lower pressure head is arranged at the bottom of the material storage cavity; and a runner is arranged between the material storage cavity and the lower casting half cavity.
Which comprises the following steps:
(a) smelting the beryllium bronze alloy to obtain beryllium bronze alloy liquid;
(b) closing the mold and locking the mold: pouring beryllium bronze alloy liquid into a material storage cavity of the lower half mold within 2-5 seconds, closing the upper half mold and the lower half mold, pressurizing and locking, wherein the applied pressure (N) is not less than the total horizontal projection area (mm) of the explosion-proof hammer cavity2）×（100~170）（MPa）；
(c) Pressurizing and solidifying: pushing the beryllium bronze alloy liquid in the storage cavity by using the lower pressure head within 1-3 seconds after the mold locking pressure is added to a set value, enabling the alloy liquid to enter an explosion-proof hammer cavity through a flow channel, increasing the pressure to enable the internal pressure of the beryllium bronze alloy liquid to reach 100-170 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 1-10 seconds, applying downward pressure to the beryllium bronze alloy liquid by using the upper pressure head to enable the part below the upper pressure head to form high pressure of 100-200 MPa for feeding, and keeping the pressure when the bottom surface of the upper pressure head is flush with the top surface of the explosion-proof hammer cavity until the beryllium bronze alloy liquid is completely solidified to obtain a beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank with a pouring channel and a material cake;
(d) cutting off excess materials: the lower pressure head continues to move upwards to separate the pouring channel and the material cake from the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank, and the pouring channel, the material cake and the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank are ejected out;
(e) finishing and heat treatment: and carrying out heat treatment on the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank, and polishing to obtain the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer.
In the method, the beryllium bronze alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: be 1.8-2.2%, and the balance of Cu.
In the method, the smelting temperature in the step (a) is 1200-1400 ℃. Preferably 1300 deg.c.
In the method, the pouring temperature in the step (b) is 960-
In the method, the pressurizing and locking pressure (N) in the step (b) is more than or equal to the total area (mm) of the horizontal projection of the explosion-proof hammer head cavity2）×170（MPa）。
In the method, the internal pressure of the beryllium bronze alloy liquid in the explosion-proof hammer head cavity in the step (c) is 170 MPa.
In the method, the upper half core is shorter than the lower half core by 3-5 mm.
In the method, a plurality of exhaust passages are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the explosion-proof hammer head cavity.
In the method, each explosion-proof hammer head cavity is connected with two runners, and the two runners are respectively arranged on two sides of the hammer eye core.
In the method, each upper casting mold half cavity is symmetrically provided with upper pressure heads at two sides of an upper half core.
In the method, the number of the explosion-proof hammer head cavities is 4-12, and the explosion-proof hammer head cavities are centrosymmetric by taking the material storage cavity as a center.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the hammerhead is formed under high pressure, the density of the hammerhead is high, the crystal grains are uniform and fine, and the density can be improved to 8.76g/cm3Meanwhile, the common defects of shrinkage cavity and looseness in casting are avoided;
(2) the liquid beryllium bronze metal is directly solidified and formed in the cavity without excessive plastic deformation, so that the liquid beryllium bronze metal has no cracking defect;
(3) the inclination directions of the upper half core and the lower half core of the hammer eye core are opposite, and the section of the middle part of the hammer eye formed after butt joint is the smallest, so that the hammer handle can be prevented from falling off; the upper half core is 3-5mm shorter than the lower half core, so that a workpiece is kept on the lower die when the die is opened, and the workpiece is convenient to discharge;
(4) the metal mold is molded, and the molded blank has high surface smoothness and high dimensional precision;
(5) the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head are both cylindrical, the fit clearance between the upper pressure head and the through hole is easy to control uniformly, and interference fit is avoided, so that the effective pressure applied to the molten metal is high;
(6) the die has multiple cavities, indirect pressurizing and filling, direct pressurizing and feeding, strong adaptability to the shape complexity of the hammer head, high production efficiency and wide application range;
(7) cutting processing is not needed, and the material utilization rate is high;
(8) the process has less excess materials. The process yield reaches more than 80 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a metal mold according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the lower half structure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer head.
Wherein, 1 upper half mould, 2 lower half mould, 3 upper mould half cavity, 4 lower mould half cavity, 5 upper half core, 6 lower half core, 7 parting surface, 8 exhaust passage, 9 upper pressure head, 10 material storage cavity, 11 lower pressure head, 12 flow channel, 13 mandril and 14 hammer eyes.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to several embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and the present invention shall be covered thereby.
Example 1
A metal casting mould for manufacturing a beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer comprises an upper half mould 1 and a lower half mould 2 which are horizontally divided; an upper casting mold half cavity 3 is arranged on the upper half mold 1, a lower casting mold half cavity 4 corresponding to the upper casting mold half cavity 3 is correspondingly arranged on the lower half mold 2, and an explosion-proof hammer head cavity is formed after the upper casting mold half cavity 3 and the lower casting mold half cavity 4 are closed.
The metal casting mold is made of hot-work grinding tool steel and is horizontally divided, and the parting surface of the upper half mold and the parting surface of the lower half mold are positioned on the horizontal central plane of the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer head.
An upper half core 5 is arranged at the center of the top surface of the upper casting mold half cavity 3, a lower half core 6 is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the lower casting mold half cavity 4, and the upper half core 5 and the lower half core 6 are frustum-shaped and have conical tops which are relatively combined to form a hammer eye core. The upper half core 5 is 3-5mm shorter than the lower half core 6. The upper half core and the lower half core are made of H13 steel, the inclination directions of the upper half core and the lower half core are opposite, and the upper half core and the lower half core are in butt joint to form a hammer eye with the smallest middle section and large two end sections so as to prevent the hammer handle from loosening and falling off.
And the bottom of the lower casting mold half cavity is provided with ejector rods 13, the ejector rods 13 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the lower half core and are connected with an ejection device, the ejection device can adopt a hydraulic cylinder, and when the casting mold is finished and the blank needs to be ejected, the hydraulic cylinder drives the ejector rods to move upwards so as to eject the blank out of the explosion-proof hammer head cavity.
And an exhaust passage 8 is arranged on the parting surface 7 of the upper half type 1 and the lower half type 2 at the outer side of the explosion-proof hammer head cavity. The exhaust passage 8 is provided with a plurality of exhaust passages which are uniformly arranged at the outer side of the explosion-proof hammer head cavity.
An upper pressure head 9 is arranged on the upper half mould 1, and the upper pressure head 9 is communicated with the upper casting mould half cavity 3; a material storage cavity 10 is arranged in the center of the lower half mold 2, and a lower pressure head 11 is arranged at the bottom of the material storage cavity 10; a runner 12 is arranged between the material storage cavity 10 and the lower casting mold half cavity 4. Every two runners 12 are connected to the explosion-proof hammer head die cavity, two runners 12 set up respectively in the both sides of hammer eye core. The lower pressure head can move up and down at the bottom of the storage cavity, so that the volume of the storage cavity is changed to provide pressure, the metal casting mold adopts a lower pressure head to pressurize and indirectly fill the mold, and the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head are used for feeding and solidifying the pressure.
In the metal casting mold, upper pressure heads 9 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of each upper casting mold half cavity 3, which are positioned on the upper half core 5. The number of the explosion-proof hammer head cavities is 4-12 and the explosion-proof hammer head cavities are centrosymmetric by taking the material storage cavity 10 as a center.
The upper pressure head is cylindrical, the diameter of the upper pressure head is 16.0mm, the length of the upper pressure head is 50.0mm, a through hole is formed in the upper casting mold half cavity, the upper pressure head penetrates through the through hole, the upper pressure head is driven by the upper hydraulic press to move up and down in the through hole and apply downward pressure to the beryllium bronze alloy liquid.
The lower pressure head is cylindrical, has the diameter of 139.0mm and the length of 100.0mm, is arranged at the bottom end of the storage cavity, can be directly used as the bottom surface of the storage cavity, can move up and down under the drive of the hydraulic machine to change the size of the storage cavity, presses alloy liquid into the explosion-proof hammer head cavity from the storage cavity, and simultaneously provides pressure.
Example 2
A method for manufacturing a beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer by using the metal mold in the embodiment 1, which comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting the beryllium bronze alloy to obtain beryllium bronze alloy liquid; the beryllium bronze alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: be 1.80% and the balance Cu, Ni-free; the melting temperature is 1200 ℃.
(2) Closing the mold and locking the mold: and (3) pouring the beryllium bronze alloy liquid into the material storage cavity of the lower half mold by gravity for 2-5 seconds, closing the upper half mold and the lower half mold, pressurizing and locking, wherein the pouring temperature is 1200 ℃. The applied pressure (N) is more than or equal to the horizontal projection area (mm) of the whole cavity2) X 100 (MPa); the pressurizing, locking and die assembly is to directly compress the upper and lower dies by utilizing pressurizing equipment. The pressurizing equipment is a hydraulic press, the nominal force of a main cylinder is 6000 kN, the upper extrusion cylinder is 3500kN, and the lower extrusion cylinder is 3500 kN.
(3) Pressurizing and solidifying: and pushing the beryllium bronze alloy liquid in the storage cavity by using the lower pressure head within 1-3 seconds after the mold locking pressure is added to a set value, enabling the alloy liquid to enter an explosion-proof hammer cavity through a flow channel, increasing the pressure to enable the internal pressure of the beryllium bronze alloy liquid to reach 100MPa, keeping the pressure for 1-5 seconds, applying downward pressure to the beryllium bronze alloy liquid by using the upper pressure head to enable the part below the upper pressure head to form high pressure of 100MPa for feeding, and keeping the pressure when the bottom surface of the upper pressure head is flush with the top surface of the explosion-proof hammer cavity until the beryllium bronze alloy liquid is completely solidified to obtain a beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank with a pouring channel and a material cake.
(4) Cutting off excess materials: and the lower pressure head and the ejector rod simultaneously move upwards to eject the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank with the pouring channel and the material cake, the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank is transferred to a punching work part, the pouring channel and the material cake are separated from the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank by using a punching machine, and the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank is subjected to heat treatment.
(5) Finishing and heat treatment: and carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum bronze explosion-proof hammer blank, and polishing to obtain the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer.
Example 3
A method for manufacturing a beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer by using the metal mold in the embodiment 1, which comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting the beryllium bronze alloy to obtain beryllium bronze alloy liquid; the beryllium bronze alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: be 2.00% and the balance Cu, Ni-free; the melting temperature is 1300 ℃.
(2) Closing the mold and locking the mold: and (3) pouring the beryllium bronze alloy liquid into the material storage cavity of the lower half mold by gravity for 2-5 seconds, closing the upper half mold and the lower half mold, pressurizing and locking, wherein the pouring temperature is 1200 ℃. The applied pressure (N) is more than or equal to the horizontal projection area (mm) of the whole cavity2）×160（MPa）。
(3) Pressurizing and solidifying: and pushing the beryllium bronze alloy liquid in the storage cavity by using the lower pressure head within 1-3 seconds after the mold locking pressure is added to a set value, enabling the alloy liquid to enter an explosion-proof hammer cavity through a flow channel, increasing the pressure to enable the internal pressure of the beryllium bronze alloy liquid to reach 160MPa, keeping the pressure for 1-10 seconds, applying downward pressure to the beryllium bronze alloy liquid by using the upper pressure head to enable the part below the upper pressure head to form 200MPa high pressure for feeding, and keeping the pressure when the bottom surface of the upper pressure head is flush with the top surface of the explosion-proof hammer cavity until the beryllium bronze alloy liquid is completely solidified to obtain a beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank with a pouring channel and a material cake.
(4) Cutting off excess materials: and the lower pressure head and the ejector rod simultaneously move upwards to eject the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank with the pouring channel and the material cake, the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank is transferred to a punching work part, the pouring channel and the material cake are separated from the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank by using a punching machine, and the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank is subjected to heat treatment.
(5) Finishing and heat treatment: and carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum bronze explosion-proof hammer blank, and polishing to obtain the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer.
Example 4
A method for manufacturing a beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer by using the metal mold comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting the beryllium bronze alloy to obtain beryllium bronze alloy liquid; the beryllium bronze alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: be 2.20% and the balance Cu, Ni-free; the melting temperature is 1400 ℃.
(2) Closing the mold and locking the mold: and (3) pouring the beryllium bronze alloy liquid into the material storage cavity of the lower half mold by gravity for 2-5 seconds, closing the upper half mold and the lower half mold, pressurizing and locking, wherein the pouring temperature is 1200 ℃. The applied pressure (N) is more than or equal to the horizontal projection area (mm) of the whole cavity2）×170（MPa）。
(3) Pressurizing and solidifying: and pushing the beryllium bronze alloy liquid in the storage cavity by using the lower pressure head within 1-3 seconds after the mold locking pressure is added to a set value, enabling the alloy liquid to enter an explosion-proof hammer cavity through a flow channel, increasing the pressure to enable the internal pressure of the beryllium bronze alloy liquid to reach 170MPa, keeping the pressure for 1-10 seconds, applying downward pressure to the beryllium bronze alloy liquid by using the upper pressure head to enable the part below the upper pressure head to form high pressure of 170MPa for feeding, keeping the pressure when the bottom surface of the upper pressure head is flush with the top surface of the explosion-proof hammer cavity, and standing until the beryllium bronze alloy liquid is completely solidified to obtain a beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank with a pouring channel and a material cake.
(4) Cutting off excess materials: and the lower pressure head and the ejector rod simultaneously move upwards to eject the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank with the pouring channel and the material cake, the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank is transferred to a punching work part, the pouring channel and the material cake are separated from the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank by using a punching machine, and the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank is subjected to heat treatment.
(5) Finishing and heat treatment: and carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum bronze explosion-proof hammer blank, and polishing to obtain the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer.
Examples of effects
The beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer heads prepared in the examples 2 to 4 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in the following table 1.
Table 1 results of performance testing
In example 2, under the holding pressure of 100MPa and the feeding pressure of 100MPa, the crystal grains of the formed part are refined, and the density is improved, so that the hardness and the tensile strength are correspondingly increased; because no casting riser is arranged and the runner has compact structure, the processing excess material is less, the process yield is high and can reach more than 80 percent.
In example 3, the holding pressure was 160MPa, the feeding pressure was 200MPa, the pressure was further increased, and the grain size and the structure of the molded article were refined and dense, thereby increasing the hardness and the tensile strength.
In example 4, the content of Be was 2.20%, and the higher content of Be increased the hardness of the material, and at the same time, the grain size of the material was refined at the higher holding pressure of 170MPa and the feeding pressure of 170MPa, and the hardness, tensile strength and density of the product were improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for manufacturing a beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer is characterized in that the method utilizes metal casting molding;
the metal casting mold comprises an upper half mold (1) and a lower half mold (2) which are horizontally divided; an upper casting mold half cavity (3) is arranged on the upper half mold (1), a lower casting mold half cavity (4) corresponding to the upper casting mold half cavity (3) is correspondingly arranged on the lower half mold (2), and an explosion-proof hammer head cavity is formed after the upper casting mold half cavity (3) and the lower casting mold half cavity (4) are closed; an upper half core (5) is arranged at the center of the top surface of the upper casting mold half cavity (3), a lower half core (6) is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the lower casting mold half cavity (4), the upper half core (5) and the lower half core (6) are frustum-shaped, and the conical tops are relatively combined to form a hammer eye core; an exhaust passage (8) is arranged on a parting surface (7) of the upper half mould (1) and the lower half mould (2) at the outer side of the explosion-proof hammer head cavity; an upper pressure head (9) is arranged on the upper half mould (1), and the upper pressure head (9) is communicated with the upper casting mould half cavity (3); a material storage cavity (10) is arranged in the center of the lower half mold (2), and a lower pressure head (11) is arranged at the bottom of the material storage cavity (10); a runner (12) is arranged between the material storage cavity (10) and the lower casting mold half cavity (4);
which comprises the following steps:
(a) smelting the beryllium bronze alloy to obtain beryllium bronze alloy liquid;
(b) closing the mold and locking the mold: pouring beryllium bronze alloy liquid into a material storage cavity of the lower half mold within 2-5 seconds, closing the upper half mold and the lower half mold, pressurizing and locking, wherein the applied pressure is more than or equal to X (100-170) MPa of the total horizontal projection area of the cavity of the explosion-proof hammer head; the unit of the pressure is N, and the unit of the horizontal projection total area of the explosion-proof hammer cavity is mm2；
(c) Pressurizing and solidifying: pushing the beryllium bronze alloy liquid in the storage cavity by using the lower pressure head within 1-3 seconds after the mold locking pressure is added to a set value, enabling the alloy liquid to enter an explosion-proof hammer cavity through a flow channel, increasing the pressure to enable the internal pressure of the beryllium bronze alloy liquid to reach 100-170 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 1-10 seconds, applying downward pressure to the beryllium bronze alloy liquid by using the upper pressure head to enable the part below the upper pressure head to form high pressure of 100-200 MPa for feeding, and keeping the pressure when the bottom surface of the upper pressure head is flush with the top surface of the explosion-proof hammer cavity until the beryllium bronze alloy liquid is completely solidified to obtain a beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank with a pouring channel and a material cake;
(d) cutting off excess materials: the lower pressure head continues to move upwards to separate the pouring channel and the material cake from the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank, and the pouring channel, the material cake and the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank are ejected out;
(e) finishing and heat treatment: and carrying out heat treatment on the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer blank, and polishing to obtain the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer.
2. The method for manufacturing the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer according to claim 1, wherein the beryllium bronze alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: be 1.8-2.2%, and the balance of Cu.
3. The method for manufacturing the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer according to claim 1, wherein the smelting temperature in the step (a) is 1200-1400 ℃.
4. The method for manufacturing the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer according to claim 1, wherein the upper half core (5) is shorter than the lower half core (6) by 3-5 mm.
5. The method for manufacturing the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of exhaust passages (8) are uniformly arranged outside the explosion-proof hammer head cavity.
6. The method for manufacturing the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer according to claim 1, wherein each explosion-proof hammer head cavity is connected with two flow passages (12), and the two flow passages (12) are respectively arranged on two sides of a hammer eye core.
7. The method for manufacturing the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer according to claim 1, wherein each upper mold half cavity (3) is symmetrically provided with upper pressure heads (9) at two sides of an upper half core (5).
8. The method for manufacturing the beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer according to claim 1, wherein the number of the explosion-proof hammer head cavities is 4-12, and the explosion-proof hammer head cavities are centrosymmetric by taking the storage cavity (10) as a center.
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| CN118357448B (en) * | 2024-04-29 | 2025-05-16 | 重庆通耀智能设备有限责任公司 | Precision casting equipment for ultra-high chromium cast ball and precision casting process using equipment |
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