CN110340327A - Alloy bar production method based on Quench and liquid forging - Google Patents
Alloy bar production method based on Quench and liquid forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN110340327A CN110340327A CN201910768474.3A CN201910768474A CN110340327A CN 110340327 A CN110340327 A CN 110340327A CN 201910768474 A CN201910768474 A CN 201910768474A CN 110340327 A CN110340327 A CN 110340327A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/02—Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressure devices, e.g. cast-forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
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Abstract
The invention proposes the alloy bar production methods based on Quench and liquid forging, belong to the bar manufacturing field of crusher, are realized on liquid forging machine based on special metals bar mold；The step of alloy bar is made using special metals bar mold are as follows: 1) molten steel melting, 2) mold preheating, 3) molding and cooling water circulate, 4) it is poured, 5) TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION, 6) blank depanning, 7) finishing is checked, 8) process quenched of Pyatyi quenching+wind quenching+mist, 9) tempering；The technical performance index of alloy bar is made: 1. hardness improve 10-15%；2. cast structure toughness improves 160%；3. weight increases by 8-15%；4. service life improves 2 times.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the bar manufacturing field of crusher, especially a kind of alloy bar based on Quench and liquid forging
Production method.
Background technique
The industries such as China's metallurgy, building materials, road and bridge, mine, building and electric power have the large size of a large amount of different size broken
Machine equipment, crusher are directly contacted with sand, soil, rock, mineral etc. during the work time, especially granite, basalt compression
Intensity is in 200MPa or so, and granitello may be up to 300MPa or more, and industrial and mining condition is very severe, bar serious wear and lose
Effect, consumption are very big.The annual various metal wear resistant materials in the whole nation in the industry fields such as metallurgy, building materials, mine, building and electric power
Consumption more than millions of tons.Therefore the wear resistance castings applied in certain circumstances are required to dense structure, and hardness is high, wear-resisting
Performance is good, this is extremely difficult to the requirement to wear resistance castings for common traditional sand casting process and lost foam process.
Therefore, researching and developing board hammer of impact crusher with long service life can be reduced loss caused by abrasion, reduce enterprise
Industry production cost has important economy and realistic meaning.
Summary of the invention
According to the use characteristic of such product: bar requires high rigidity, high-wearing feature and other positions demanding strong
Toughness, while answering the demand in market and mating manufacturer, by studying and capturing repeatedly, the invention proposes one kind based on Quench with
The alloy bar production method of liquid forging.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that
Alloy bar production method based on Quench and liquid forging, it is characterised in that: based on special metals bar mold in liquid
It is realized in morphotype forging machine；
The structure of the special metals bar mold: water-cooled alloy bar precast-forging mold, including upper die and lower die, upper mold
It is connect by guidance set with lower die, the upper mold includes Upper Die-sleeve, upper mold core, upper Quench part, chill plate in water-cooled, upper to swash
Cold part is fixed in the gap between Upper Die-sleeve and upper mold core side, and chill plate is fixed on Upper Die-sleeve and upper mold core top in water-cooled
In gap between face, Upper Die-sleeve, upper mold core are equipped with pressure chamber on chill plate three in water-cooled；Under the lower die includes
Die holder, lower die-sleeve, lower mold core, lower Quench part, chill plate, ejector and mode locker in water-cooled, lower die-sleeve are fixed on lower die holder
On, lower Quench part is fixed in the gap between lower die-sleeve and lower mold core side, under water-cooled chill plate be fixed on lower die-sleeve with
In gap between lower mold core bottom surface, it is equipped with liftout room under lower die-sleeve, lower mold core, water-cooled on chill plate, on ejector
Push-down head is located in liftout room, and push-down head is used to eject the blank in lower mold core, the top surface of push-down head and lower mold core forming cavity
Bottom surface it is concordant, symmetrically arranged two mode lockers are separately fixed in the left and right sides of lower die-sleeve, and mode locker is for locking
Upper and lower mould；After the upper mold and lower die molding, the upper mold core of upper mold and the lower mold core of lower die are wrapped in Quench part, in water-cooled
In the Quench component that chill plate forms under chill plate, lower Quench part, water-cooled；Swash under chill plate and water-cooled in the water-cooled
The cooling water cavity of cold plate constitutes circulation cooling circuit by water inlet pipe and outlet pipe and water supply device；
The method that alloy bar is made using special metals bar mold, the specific steps are as follows:
1) molten steel melting: molten steel is by following component and mass percentage composition: C=2.8-3.5, Si=≤ 0.8, Cr=25-28, Mn=
0.7-0.8, Mo=0.55-0.7, V=0.2-0.5, P < 0.06, S < 0.04, CrC=7-9, surplus Fe；2) mold preheats: mould
Has temperature control at 150~300 DEG C；3) molding and cooling water circulate: mold clamping power is 800~1200KN, after molding
And carry out mode locking；Cooling water in water-cooled under chill plate and water-cooled in chill plate passes through water supply device and realizes cooling water circulation
Flowing；4) it is poured: molten steel being poured into the forming cavity of mold, molten steel pouring temperature are as follows: 1250~1350 DEG C；5) liquid is squeezed
Pressure: after molten steel is poured into mold, Quench is carried out to molten steel in such a way that mold core is wrapped in Quench part；In molten steel by liquid
It is changed into solid-state process, the seaming chuck of liquid forging machine, which enters in upper mold pressure chamber, squeezes molten steel, and pressure is 5800~
6200KN, the speed of seaming chuck are 0.165mm/s, and seaming chuck pressure maintaining 3~6 minutes until solidification of molten steel molding, obtains blank；
6) blank depanning: upper and lower mould separation, the blank of taking-up slow down cooling velocity by flyash or refractory cotton, make blank certainly
So it is cooled to room temperature state；7) finishing is checked: overlap, burr on removal blank；8) work that Pyatyi quenching+wind quenching+mist is quenched
Skill processing: blank room temperature enters furnace, is warming up to 280~320 DEG C, keeps the temperature 30~60 minutes；380~420 DEG C are warming up to, heat preservation 60
~90 minutes；480~520 DEG C are warming up to, keeps the temperature 60~90 minutes；630~670 DEG C are warming up to, keeps the temperature 60~90 minutes；Heating
To 1000~1050 DEG C, 200~250 minutes are kept the temperature；Blank after coming out of the stove, which first carries out wind quenching, to carry out mist again and quenches processing；9) it returns
Fire: blank melts down, and temperature is 180~250 DEG C, keeps the temperature 300~380 minutes, comes out of the stove air-cooled, product is made.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is further limited, the guidance set in the alloy bar mold mainly includes guiding
Column, guide sleeve and locking nut, guide post are fixedly connected with lower die holder, and the guide sleeve slided in guide post is fixed with Upper Die-sleeve
Connection.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is further limited, the ejector in the alloy bar mold by liftout hydraulic cylinder and
Push-down head composition, fixed liftout hydraulic cylinder on the lower die seat can push push-down head to make liftout movement.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is further limited, the mode locker in the alloy bar mold is mainly by mode locking hydraulic oil
Cylinder and hinged fixture block composition on the piston rod.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is further improved, cavity surface, the upper pressure of push-down head and liquid forging machine of the mold
High-temperature resistant coating layer is equipped on head；Slip coating is coated on the high-temperature resistant coating layer of the seaming chuck of the liquid forging machine
Layer.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is further limited, the optimal signal component value of molten steel are as follows: C=3.15, Si=0.696, Cr=
25.067, Mn=0.759, Mo=0.673, V=0.278, P=0.021, S=0.009, CrC=8.073, surplus Fe.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is further limited, the air-blast quenching controls air quantity when handling are as follows: 18908-24380
M3/H blower three, wind pressure are as follows: 610-728Pa, blank surface temperature reach: 970-1050 DEG C.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is further limited, the water mist pressure that the mist is quenched are as follows: 4Pa, spray time are as follows: 10-
30min, blank surface temperature: 400-600 DEG C.
The utility model has the advantages that the present invention improves the toughness and compactness of casting, the service life of wear resistance castings is improved, while also solving
Mold determined at high temperature, has taken the problem that molded part is unsmooth and die life is short；Present invention greatly reduces be produced into
This, promotes the use of with good economic efficiency and social benefit in industrial and mining enterprises.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of invention.
Fig. 2 is the mold structure diagram in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is upper mold bottom view in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the Quench structural diagram of base plate of upper chiller in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the usage state diagram of Fig. 1.
Bottom coating formula table shown in Fig. 6.
Investment precoat formula table shown in Fig. 7.
Slip coating formula table shown in Fig. 8.
Fig. 9 is liquid forging sample hardness number comparison diagram under different pressures in survey report.
Figure 10 is liquid forging sample impact flexibility comparative result figure under different pressures in survey report.
Figure 11 is different process sample wear weight loss under 1J ballistic work in survey report.
Figure 12 is different process sample wear weight loss under 2J ballistic work in survey report.
Figure 13 is different process sample metallographic microstructure in survey report.
Figure 14 is (a) technique sample metallographic microstructure in survey report.
Figure 15 is (b) technique sample metallographic microstructure in survey report.
Figure 16 is (c) technique sample metallographic microstructure in survey report.
Figure 17 is (d) technique sample metallographic microstructure in survey report.
Figure 18 is (e) technique sample metallographic microstructure in survey report.
Specific embodiment
Most preferred embodiment: the alloy bar production method based on Quench and liquid forging, it is characterised in that: based on dedicated
Alloy bar mold is realized on liquid forging machine；
The structure of the special metals bar mold: as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, water-cooled alloy bar precast-forging mold, including
Upper mold 1 and lower die 2, upper mold are connect by guidance set 3 with lower die, the upper mold 1 including Upper Die-sleeve 101, upper mold core 102, on
Chill plate 104 on Quench part 103, water-cooled, Upper Die-sleeve are connect by pull rod 4 with the sliding block 501 on liquid forging machine 5, upper to swash
Cold part is fixed between Upper Die-sleeve and the side of upper mold core, in water-cooled chill plate be fixed on Upper Die-sleeve and upper mold core top surface it
Between, Upper Die-sleeve, upper mold core are equipped with pressure chamber 105 in water-cooled on chill plate three, the seaming chuck of liquid forging machine passes through upper
Pressure chamber enters in upper mold core, and the shape of upper pressure chamber matches with the seaming chuck shape of liquid forging machine；The lower die 2 includes lower die
Seat 201, lower die-sleeve 202, lower mold core 203, lower Quench part 204, chill plate 205, ejector 206 and mode locker 207 in water-cooled,
Lower die-sleeve is fixed, and lower Quench part is fixed between lower die-sleeve and the side of lower mold core on the lower die seat, and chill plate is solid under water-cooled
It is scheduled between lower die-sleeve and lower mold core bottom surface, is equipped with liftout room 208, liftout under lower die-sleeve, lower mold core, water-cooled on chill plate
Push-down head on device is located in liftout room, and push-down head is used to eject the blank in lower mold core, the top surface of push-down head and lower mold core
The bottom surface of forming cavity is concordant, and symmetrically arranged two mode lockers are separately fixed in the left and right sides of lower die-sleeve, and mode locker is used
In locking upper and lower mould；In the water-cooled under chill plate and water-cooled chill plate cooling water cavity by water inlet pipe and outlet pipe with
Water supply device constitutes circulation cooling circuit；After the upper mold and lower die molding, the upper mold core of upper mold and the lower mold core package of lower die
In the Quench component that chill plate forms under chill plate, lower Quench part, water-cooled in upper Quench part, water-cooled；
As shown in Fig. 2, the guidance set 3 mainly includes guide post 301, guide sleeve 302 and locking nut 303, guide post with
Lower die holder is fixedly connected, and the guide sleeve slided in guide post is fixedly connected with Upper Die-sleeve；
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the upper Quench part 103 is identical with the structure of lower Quench part 204；Upper Quench part 103 is by Zuo Jileng
Side plate 1031, right Quench side plate 1032, preceding Quench side plate 1033, rear Quench side plate 1034 are constituted；
The structure of chill plate in water-cooled as shown in Figure 4 are as follows: cooling water cavity is equipped in plate body, cooling water cavity passes through 6 He of water inlet pipe
Outlet pipe 7 and water supply device constitute circulation cooling circuit；Upper Quench part and lower Quench part can use and chill plate in water-cooled
With the identical structure of chill plate under water-cooled, i.e., cooling water cavity is equipped in Quench side plate, cooling water cavity passes through water inlet pipe and water outlet
Pipe constitutes circulation cooling circuit with water supply device；
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, ejector 206 is made of liftout hydraulic cylinder 2061 and push-down head 2062, is fixed on the lower die seat
Liftout hydraulic cylinder push-down head can be pushed to make liftout movement；
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, mode locker 207 is mainly by mode locking hydraulic cylinder 2071 and hinged fixture block 2072 on the piston rod
Composition；Mode locker is in order to avoid occurring longitudinal crackle on molding blank；
It is to extend mould in this way as shown in Fig. 2, being equipped with high-temperature resistant coating layer 10 in the cavity surface and push-down head of the mold
The service life of tool；
The connection type of part to each other belongs to routine techniques in this field in the upper die and lower die, such as welds or is bolted
Mode does not elaborate；
The method that alloy bar is made using special metals bar mold, the specific steps are as follows: 1) molten steel melting: molten steel is by following
Chemical element composition: mass percent meter, C=3.15, Si=0.696, Cr=25.067, Mn=0.759, Mo=0.673, V=0.278
, P=0.021, S=0.009, CrC=8.073, surplus Fe；The CrC is chromium carbide；2) mold preheats: mold temperature control exists
150~300 DEG C；First mould that the mold of new clothes, per tour start production or off-time are when being more than 3 hours, it is necessary to mold progress
Preheating, for the first time preheating temperature be 300 DEG C, heat preservation 1 hour, later preheating temperature is not less than 200 DEG C, and mold temperature must not when casting
Lower than 150 DEG C；Upper die and lower die integrally preheat, and preheating method uses electric heating radiant tube；Electric heating radiant tube is separate piece, more
Root electric heating radiant tube is placed between mold or more die joint by bracket, is heated to mold；3) molding and cooling water
It circulates: as shown in figure 5, the sliding block 501 on liquid forging machine pushes upper mold and lower die to mold by pull rod 4, and passing through lock
Mold locks upper and lower mould, and mold clamping power is 800~1200KN；Water supply device is opened, in water-cooled under chill plate and water-cooled
Cooling water in chill plate realizes that cooling water circulates by water supply device；4) be poured: molten steel is poured by pouring attachment 9
In the forming cavity of mold, molten steel pouring temperature are as follows: 1300 DEG C；5) TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION: after molten steel is poured into mold, using mold core
The mode being wrapped in Quench component carries out Quench to molten steel；After upper mold and lower die molding, under the upper mold core and lower die of upper mold
In the Quench component that mold core is wrapped in Quench part, chill plate forms under chill plate, lower Quench part, water-cooled in water-cooled；Swash
It is cold to refer to that the cooling water flowed using Rapid Circulation and Quench part with large heat capacity carry out the molten metal material in mold core
It is quickly cooled down, i.e. the upper heat of Quick diffusing mold core；Be changed into solid-state process in molten steel by liquid, liquid forging machine it is upper
Pressure head 502, which enters in upper mold pressure chamber, squeezes molten steel, and pressure 6000KN, the speed of seaming chuck is 10mm/s, seaming chuck
Pressure maintaining 5 minutes until solidification of molten steel molding, obtains blank；6) blank depanning: releasing mode locker, and upper and lower mould separation passes through
Ejector takes out blank, and blank slows down cooling velocity by flyash or refractory cotton, blank is made to naturally cool to room temperature
State；After blank depanning, to be placed in rapidly in flyash or the refractory cotton of ground level laying, then use flyash or resistance to again
Guncotton is covered on blank and is kept the temperature, and blank carries out finishing after naturally cooling to normal temperature state；This step is in order to anti-
Only there is the problem of high temperature hot tearing in blank；7) finishing is checked: overlap, burr on removal blank；Blank is apparent
Overlap, burr are polished smooth with polishing machine, then carry out geometric dimension inspection to liquid forging bar again；8) Pyatyi quenching+wind
Quench+the process quenched of mist: blank room temperature enters furnace, is warming up to 300 DEG C, keeps the temperature 45 minutes；390 DEG C are warming up to, keeps the temperature 80 points
Clock；500 DEG C are warming up to, keeps the temperature 80 minutes；650 DEG C are warming up to, keeps the temperature 90 minutes；1000 DEG C are warming up to, keeps the temperature 230 minutes；Out
Blank after furnace, which first carries out wind quenching, to carry out mist again and quenches processing；Air quantity is controlled when air-blast quenching processing are as follows: 18908-24380
M3/H blower three, wind pressure are as follows: 700Pa, blank surface temperature reach: 1000 DEG C；The water mist pressure that the mist is quenched are as follows: 4Pa,
Spray time are as follows: 20min, blank surface temperature: 450 DEG C；9) be tempered: blank melts down, and temperature is 230 DEG C, keeps the temperature 350 points
Clock comes out of the stove air-cooled, product is made.
High-temperature resistant coating layer in the present invention is made of bottom coating, investment precoat, is also sprayed on the seaming chuck of equipment
There is slip coating；Bottom coating formula as shown in fig. 6, investment precoat formula as shown in fig. 7, slip coating formula is as shown in Figure 8；
Spray paint: the first mould that 1. per tour starts, it is uniform to all positions contacted with molten steel such as upper and lower pressure chamber, die cavity, upper push-down head
Ground sprayed layer undercoat coating three times, thickness about 0.2~0.6mm, then spray plane coating two times, thickness about 0.2~0.4mm；After 2.,
A mould is often done, an investment precoat is sprayed；3. while it is uniform to seaming chuck and pressure chamber and the progress of pressure head anastomotic position often to do a mould
Brushing slip coating is primary, and the purpose is to the frictional resistance that the lubrication reinforced between seaming chuck and pressure chamber reduces core pulling.
Each element effect in molten steel chemical component:
Carbon C and chromium Gr: in rich chromium cast iron, carbon and chromium are two most important elements, and C can improve matrix hardness and wearability.Cr
It is the essential element to form eutectic carbide, makes that eutectic cell is tiny, carbide size is small, distance is close between carbide, to metal
The protective effect of matrix is good.Metal peeling can be prevented in use, improve wearability.
Silicon Si:Si is free ferrite in high-chromium casting matrix, and Si makes matrix hardness rapid decrease, reduces casting
The harden ability of part is not easy to obtain high rigidity after casting quenching；
Manganese Mn:Mn has auxiliary harden ability in high-chromium casting, Mn and Mo be used in combination it is highly effective to harden ability is improved, still
Mn too high levels easily form more residual austenite, and casting hardness is caused to decline, and influence the wear-resisting property of casting；
Molybdenum Mo:Mo primarily serves harden ability in high-chromium casting, so that cast(ing) surface deep hardness is reached balanced, to improve resistance to
Mill property；
Vanadium V:V plays the role of refining crystal in high-chromium casting, prevents from peeling off, while improving wear-resisting property, also significantly
The tensile strength of high casting is proposed.
The technology of the present invention innovative point: 1) in prior art, bar uses local Quench mode during coagulation forming, i.e.,
The side of mold core has chill effect to molten steel, to improve tissue toughness and the compactness in bar part, guarantees bar
Service life.In actual use, because the top and bottom of mold core do not carry out Quench to molten steel, to cause the crystalline substance in bar
Grain is coarse, organizes unsound problem, leads to the reduction of bar overall performance, Wear Resistance energy is poor, hardness is low, easy to damage.This
Invention carries out quick Quench to molten steel in such a way that mold core is wrapped in Quench component, thoroughly solves each Quench effect of bar
The inconsistent problem of fruit avoids the coarse grains being easy to appear in traditional sand casting and lost foam casting, organizes not fine and close etc. ask
Topic, improves the toughness and compactness of the tissue of casting, ensure that the service life of wear resistance castings, the labour for reducing worker is strong
Degree, improves work efficiency；Environment-friendly and green casting, no solid pollution discharge；Molten steel utilization rate 100%；It is comprehensive to save power consumption 20%
More than；2) mold core and die sleeve with a thickness of 150-300mm.According to shape of product and weight, scientific design liquid molten steel is poured
Weight is cast, the molten steel of feeding part, using hydraulic program by molten steel abundant feeding within the set time, is reached there are in upper pressure chamber
The requirement cast to no riser；3) process that Pyatyi quenching+wind quenching+mist is quenched: it can prevent blank from going out using Pyatyi quenching
The problem of existing hot tearing；Wind quenching+mist, which is quenched, can make the harden ability of product more preferable, and product obtains optimal hardness, Wear Resistance energy
More effectively improve；4) technical performance index of alloy bar: 1. hardness improve 10-15%；2. cast structure toughness improves
160%；3. weight increases by 8-15%；4. service life improves 2 times.
It is tested report using special metals bar mold to obtained alloy bar:
1. alloy bar sampling plan: different tests number respectively corresponds the liquid forging sample under different pressures, is as follows:
;
2. experiment of hardness is reported
1) experimental facilities: using conventional experiment of hardness device, such as: the electronic Michael Burawoy hardometer of THBRV-187.5；
2) test result: as shown in Fig. 9, it can be seen that with the increase of liquid forging machine seaming chuck pressure, the hardness of sample
The trend being gradually increased is presented;
3. impact flexibility laboratory report
1) experimental facilities: using conventional impact flexibility experimental provision, such as: JB-50B type shock machine；
2) test result: as shown in Fig. 10, the absorption ballistic work of sample under different liquid forging machine pressure is compared as a result, discovery
The wherein best sample for liquid forging force 6000KN of toughness, secondly the sample under pressure 1900KN and 4500KN, metal mold are tried
Sample toughness is promoted lower.With the raising of pressure, workpiece toughness can get a promotion this explanation, but not increase always, but
Reach best toughness under the conditions of certain pressure under some state;
4. impact wear laboratory report
1) experimental facilities: using conventional impact wear experimental provision, such as:: MLD-10 dynamic load abrasion tester
2) test result: since rich chromium cast iron (bar) belongs to fragile material, therefore selection 1J ballistic work first is tested, but
It can be seen that under the effect of low ballistic work from the experimental result of Figure 11, the sample and the equal table of pressurized sample of metal mold gravity casting
Reveal good wear-resisting property, it can not whether there is or not raisings from wear weight loss amount significant difference its wearability.By can be more in Figure 12
Which kind of intuitively find out, under the premise of increasing ballistic work, no matter technique, with the increase of wearing- in period, the weightlessness of abrasion
Amount is all ever-increasing, but increased degree is different.Firstly, the abrasion loss of sample is significantly less than other under liquid forging 6000KN
Three kinds of situations.Generally speaking, result above is it can be proved that liquid forging process can be obviously improved the wearability of rich chromium cast iron workpiece
Can, and permanent mold casting ratio, the polishing machine of sample is more than doubled under 6000KN pressure;
5. metallographic structure laboratory report
1) grind away, polishing: after Rockwell hardness is tested, the size of sample is not substantially change, and is directly placed it in
On the metallographic-sample polisher of model PG-2DA, respectively with 100#, 200#, 500#, 800#, 1000#, 1200#, 2000#
Abrasive paper for metallograph carries out pre-grinding to sample, does not during which stop to be rinsed with water, and keeps flour milling foreign.Use steel dedicated after the completion of pre-grinding
Polishing cloth polished, handle, can't see any polishing scratch until flour milling is smooth.It is finally rinsed using clear water, and is put into rapidly
In dehydrated alcohol, taking-up is dried up with hair dryer after 3-4 seconds, prevents flour milling oxidation corrosion;
2) corrode: the corrosion of rich chromium cast iron, what is generally selected is the nital that volume fraction is 4%.Mill is determined before corrosion
Face is clean, dry, foreign, and when corrosion immerses sample flour milling in ready nital, etching time 150s,
Make its surface that color transition occur.After corrosion, sample is taken out into the water, remaining pickling is fallen, is then put into rapidly
Dehydrated alcohol, taking-up is dried up with hair dryer after 3-4 seconds;
3) structure observation:, can whether qualified with the metallography microscope sem observation sample preparation result of low power after corrosion, if without asking
Topic can continue to observe, and take pictures.Experimental facilities and experiment condition: experimental facilities: DM200 metallographic microscope, amplification factor: 100
Again, 200 times;
4) test result: result is as shown in Fig. 13, sample metallographic microstructure: (a) without pressure, 100X；(a) without pressure, 200X；
(b) 970KN, 100X；(b) 970KN, 200X；(c) 1900KN, 100X；(c) 1900KN, 200X；(d) 4500KN, 100X；(d
) 4500KN, 200X；(e) 6000KN, 100X；(e) 6000KN, 200X.It can be seen according to the metallograph (a) that low power is amplified
There is the nascent carbon just having in hypereutectic high chromium cast iron tissue in metal mold cooling procedure in the rich chromium cast iron of eutectic composition out
Compound, quantity is more, and distribution is random, and existing coarse lath-like microstructure also has hexagonal corynebacterium tissue；In 970KN
Under pressure, coarse lath-shaped primary carbide becomes the carbide of elongate, and has certain direction, and hexagon is blocky just
Raw carbide is reduced, and tissue obtains certain refinement.Continue to increase with pressure, primary carbide is become by coarse lath-shaped
For hexagon corynebacterium, and part has the tendency that nodularization, and size reduces, uniform in size, is distributed disperse;
The report of 6.SEM histological examination
Experimental facilities: device model ZEISS EVO tungsten filament series of scans Electronic Speculum;
Test result: shown in Figure 14, (a) is without pressure, 1000X；Shown in Figure 15, (b) 970KN, 100X；Shown in Figure 16, (c)
1900KN, 1000X；Shown in Figure 17, (d) 4500KN, 1000X；Shown in Figure 18, (e) 6000KN, 1000X.It can from figure
Out, occur more coarse primary carbide in the metal mold sample not pressurizeed, the shape of these primary carbides and
Difference in size is larger, is distributed random, uneven.And the nascent carbonization of hexagonal plate strip originally coarse in pressurization casting mold
Object becomes curved surface corynebacterium and tiny hexagon is fast, and quantity is more, is distributed also relatively uniform.Secondly, with freezing pressure
Increase, the piece interlamellar spacing of carbide reduces, and keeps component distributing more uniform.Meanwhile under the conditions of pressure is lesser at the beginning of strip
There is a cavity among raw carbide, and the primary carbide after refinement is analyzed main former then without there is this phenomenon
Because being because primary carbide is grown with small crystal face shape, when primary carbide is long in the process of setting of hypereutectic high chromium cast iron
Greatly to a certain extent after, laterally grown in a manner of outflanking, forming the hollow shell an of hexagon, then proceeded to inwardly solidifying
Gu just forming solid hexagon primary carbide when pressure is big, this tissue is conducive to improve its wearability.
Claims (8)
1. the alloy bar production method based on Quench and liquid forging, it is characterised in that: existed based on special metals bar mold
It is realized on liquid forging machine；
The structure of the special metals bar mold: water-cooled alloy bar precast-forging mold, including upper die and lower die, upper mold
It is connect by guidance set with lower die, the upper mold includes Upper Die-sleeve, upper mold core, upper Quench part, chill plate in water-cooled, upper to swash
Cold part is fixed in the gap between Upper Die-sleeve and upper mold core side, and chill plate is fixed on Upper Die-sleeve and upper mold core top in water-cooled
In gap between face, Upper Die-sleeve, upper mold core are equipped with pressure chamber on chill plate three in water-cooled；Under the lower die includes
Die holder, lower die-sleeve, lower mold core, lower Quench part, chill plate, ejector and mode locker in water-cooled, lower die-sleeve are fixed on lower die holder
On, lower Quench part is fixed in the gap between lower die-sleeve and lower mold core side, under water-cooled chill plate be fixed on lower die-sleeve with
In gap between lower mold core bottom surface, it is equipped with liftout room under lower die-sleeve, lower mold core, water-cooled on chill plate, on ejector
Push-down head is located in liftout room, and push-down head is used to eject the blank in lower mold core, the top surface of push-down head and lower mold core forming cavity
Bottom surface it is concordant, symmetrically arranged two mode lockers are separately fixed in the left and right sides of lower die-sleeve, and mode locker is for locking
Upper and lower mould；After the upper mold and lower die molding, the upper mold core of upper mold and the lower mold core of lower die are wrapped in Quench part, in water-cooled
In the Quench component that chill plate forms under chill plate, lower Quench part, water-cooled；Swash under chill plate and water-cooled in the water-cooled
The cooling water cavity of cold plate constitutes circulation cooling circuit by water inlet pipe and outlet pipe and water supply device；
The method that alloy bar is made using special metals bar mold, the specific steps are as follows:
1) molten steel melting: molten steel is by following component and mass percentage composition: C=2.8-3.5, Si=≤ 0.8, Cr=25-28, Mn=
0.7-0.8, Mo=0.55-0.7, V=0.2-0.5, P < 0.06, S < 0.04, CrC=7-9, surplus Fe；2) mold preheats: mould
Has temperature control at 150~300 DEG C；3) molding and cooling water circulate: mold clamping power is 800~1200KN, after molding
And carry out mode locking；Cooling water in water-cooled under chill plate and water-cooled in chill plate passes through water supply device and realizes cooling water circulation
Flowing；4) it is poured: molten steel being poured into the forming cavity of mold, molten steel pouring temperature are as follows: 1250~1350 DEG C；5) liquid is squeezed
Pressure: after molten steel is poured into mold, Quench is carried out to molten steel in such a way that mold core is wrapped in Quench part；In molten steel by liquid
It is changed into solid-state process, the seaming chuck of liquid forging machine, which enters in upper mold pressure chamber, squeezes molten steel, and pressure is 5800~
6200KN, the speed of seaming chuck are 0.165mm/s, and seaming chuck pressure maintaining 3~6 minutes until solidification of molten steel molding, obtains blank；
6) blank depanning: upper and lower mould separation, the blank of taking-up slow down cooling velocity by flyash or refractory cotton, make blank certainly
So it is cooled to room temperature state；7) finishing is checked: overlap, burr on removal blank；8) work that Pyatyi quenching+wind quenching+mist is quenched
Skill processing: blank room temperature enters furnace, is warming up to 280~320 DEG C, keeps the temperature 30~60 minutes；380~420 DEG C are warming up to, heat preservation 60
~90 minutes；480~520 DEG C are warming up to, keeps the temperature 60~90 minutes；630~670 DEG C are warming up to, keeps the temperature 60~90 minutes；Heating
To 1000~1050 DEG C, 200~250 minutes are kept the temperature；Blank after coming out of the stove, which first carries out wind quenching, to carry out mist again and quenches processing；9) it returns
Fire: blank melts down, and temperature is 180~250 DEG C, keeps the temperature 300~380 minutes, comes out of the stove air-cooled, product is made.
2. the alloy bar production method based on Quench and liquid forging according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the conjunction
The guidance set that golden plate is hammered into shape in mold mainly includes guide post, guide sleeve and locking nut, and guide post is fixedly connected with lower die holder,
The guide sleeve slided in guide post is fixedly connected with Upper Die-sleeve.
3. the alloy bar production method according to claim 1 or claim 2 based on Quench and liquid forging, it is characterised in that: institute
The ejector stated in alloy bar mold is made of liftout hydraulic cylinder and push-down head, fixed liftout hydraulic oil on the lower die seat
Cylinder can push push-down head to make liftout movement.
4. the alloy bar production method based on Quench and liquid forging according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the conjunction
Mode locker in golden plate hammer mold is mainly made of mode locking hydraulic cylinder and hinged fixture block on the piston rod.
5. the alloy bar production method according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 based on Quench and liquid forging, it is characterised in that:
High-temperature resistant coating layer is equipped on the seaming chuck of the cavity surface of the mold, push-down head and liquid forging machine；The liquid forging
Slip coating layer is coated on the high-temperature resistant coating layer of the seaming chuck of machine.
6. the alloy bar production method based on Quench and liquid forging according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the steel
The optimal signal component value of liquid are as follows: C=3.15, Si=0.696, Cr=25.067, Mn=0.759, Mo=0.673, V=0.278, P=
0.021, S=0.009, CrC=8.073, surplus Fe.
7. the according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 6 alloy bar production methods based on Quench and liquid forging, feature exist
In: air quantity is controlled when air-blast quenching processing are as follows: 18908-24380 M3/H blower three, wind pressure are as follows: 610-728Pa, hair
Blank surface temperature reaches: 970-1050 DEG C.
8. the alloy bar production method based on Quench and liquid forging according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the mist
The water mist pressure quenched are as follows: 4Pa, spray time are as follows: 10-30min, blank surface temperature: 400-600 DEG C.
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