CN111098759A - Electric vehicle battery equalization equipment cooperatively charged with direct current charging pile - Google Patents

Electric vehicle battery equalization equipment cooperatively charged with direct current charging pile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111098759A
CN111098759A CN202010088720.3A CN202010088720A CN111098759A CN 111098759 A CN111098759 A CN 111098759A CN 202010088720 A CN202010088720 A CN 202010088720A CN 111098759 A CN111098759 A CN 111098759A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
battery
charging
equalizing
controller
direct current
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Pending
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CN202010088720.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐家轩
张帆
孔亚广
陈张平
赵晓东
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Hangzhou Dianzi University
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Hangzhou Dianzi University
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Priority to CN202010088720.3A priority Critical patent/CN111098759A/en
Publication of CN111098759A publication Critical patent/CN111098759A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/22Balancing the charge of battery modules
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/62Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12Electric charging stations

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric vehicle battery equalizing device cooperatively charged with a direct current charging pile. The controller is connected with each equalizing charge module in a bidirectional mode, the controller is connected with each equalizing switch in a bidirectional mode, and the controller is connected with the communication interface in a bidirectional mode. The equalizing charge module is respectively connected with each corresponding equalizing switch, and all the equalizing switches are connected to the equalizing charge interface. The communication interface is connected with a communication module of the direct current charging pile, and the direct current charging pile control module obtains a control signal of the equalizing device through the communication module and charges a battery pack on the electric vehicle by controlling the direct current charging switch. Under the unbalanced condition of battery, the controller charges and each branch road of control equalizing charge module is charged through the quick module of charging of control direct current stake and is discharged, promotes the battery life greatly when can carrying out quick charge to the battery.

Description

Electric vehicle battery equalization equipment cooperatively charged with direct current charging pile
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile technology, power electronics and automation, in particular to an electric vehicle battery equalization device cooperatively charged with a direct current charging pile.
Background
At present, domestic electric automobile power batteries are generally composed of single batteries in series/parallel connection, in the process of battery industrialization, different enterprises have formed different single battery standard systems according to technical characteristics and industrial levels of the enterprises, the influence of battery grouping position difference, temperature influence quantity and the like is caused, along with the increase of the operation mileage of an electric automobile, repeated charge and discharge of a vehicle in the use process gradually causes the voltage consistency of the single batteries to be poor, and larger difference is generated, particularly, the conditions of high-capacity and high-rate charge and discharge are more serious, and the charge and discharge capacity (total capacity) of a whole automobile battery is greatly restricted. The endurance mileage of the whole electric automobile and the service life of the battery are seriously influenced. Because the existing direct current charging pile still uses a series charging method for most of the battery packs of the electric automobile, the service life problem caused by overcharging of a single battery cannot be effectively solved by controlling a series charging strategy. The invention aims to design an external balancing device, and charges and maintains the power battery of the electric vehicle by a method of cooperative charging of a direct current charging pile.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the electric vehicle battery equalization equipment which is charged in cooperation with the direct current charging pile.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
the invention provides an electric vehicle battery equalizing device cooperatively charged with a direct current charging pile.
The controller is connected with each equalizing charge module in a bidirectional mode, the controller is connected with each equalizing switch in a bidirectional mode, and the controller is connected with the communication interface in a bidirectional mode.
The equalizing charge module is respectively connected with each corresponding equalizing switch, and all the equalizing switches are connected to the equalizing charge interface.
The communication interface is connected with a communication module of the direct current charging pile, and the direct current charging pile control module obtains a control signal of the equalizing device through the communication module and charges a battery pack on the electric vehicle by controlling the direct current charging switch.
The series battery pack comprises N battery monomers connected end to end, and the positive and negative levels of each battery monomer are respectively connected with a corresponding change-over switch through a charging circuit. The change-over switch is connected with the sampling circuit, and the sampling circuit is connected with the battery management system. The positive pole of the series battery pack is connected with a direct-current charging positive pole interface on the direct-current charging pile, and the negative pole of the series battery pack is connected with a direct-current charging negative pole interface on the direct-current charging pile.
When charging, the controller is connected with the battery management system on the electric vehicle in a bidirectional mode, and the balanced charging interface is connected with a change-over switch on the electric vehicle.
The battery management system obtains the voltage and the current of the single battery through sampling, a battery SOC-voltage curve with different charging times is built in the battery management system, the charging times of the battery are recorded, and the SOC values of the battery can be in one-to-one correspondence through the current voltage, so that the SOC value of the corresponding battery is estimated. The battery management system sends the SOC value, the current and the voltage information of the battery monomer to the controller; the controller judges the balancing condition of the single batteries through the acquired information, and if the single batteries are unbalanced, the controller sends a signal to the equalizing charge module to control the equalizing charge module to balance the corresponding single batteries.
The invention also provides an electric vehicle equalizing charge method, which adopts the electric vehicle battery equalizing device and the direct current charging pile, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the battery management system controls the change-over switch to connect the charging line of each battery monomer with the sampling line, and transmits the model, the charging and discharging times, the voltage and the current of the current battery monomer to the battery management system.
The SOC-voltage curve of the battery in the database is matched through the charging and discharging times and models of the battery monomer, the current SOC value of the battery monomer can be corresponded through the current battery voltage, signals are transmitted to the controller through the communication interface in the balancing device, and meanwhile the selector switch is converted to the balancing charging interface to be connected.
The controller controls charging and discharging by providing a charging control strategy, and adjusts the voltage level of each battery cell to the same level through the equalization switch.
Further, control direct current charge switch is closed, carries out quick charge to the group battery, when the group battery was full of soon, carries out the equilibrium to battery monomer again, prevents that battery monomer is because the inequality that the difference caused in charging process to prevent to overcharge. And stopping charging when the last battery monomer is full, and indicating that the electric vehicle is charged completely.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: this electric automobile equalizing equipment fills the mode that electric pile charges in coordination through design and direct current, fills the electric pile communication through this device and direct current, is obtaining the SOC of battery through the BMS, and two kinds of charge modes have been established according to the charge situation of battery under the prerequisite of data such as electric current, voltage, one kind breaks away from in direct current fills electric pile, only relies on equalizing equipment to accomplish battery equalization, draws the SOC value of battery to same level through the charging and the discharge of control battery and accomplishes battery equalization promptly. One is to cooperatively control the direct current charging pile to fully charge the battery under the condition that the single battery is not overcharged. Under the unbalanced condition of battery, the controller charges and each branch road of control equalizing charge module is charged through the quick module of charging of control direct current stake and is discharged, promotes the battery life greatly when can carrying out quick charge to the battery.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the device of the present invention and the charging cooperating with the dc charging post.
Detailed Description
For further understanding of the features and technical means of the present invention, as well as the specific objects and functions attained by the present invention, the advantages and spirit of the present invention will be further understood by reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
The device comprises a controller (device main control module), N equalizing charge modules, N equalizing switches, a communication interface and an equalizing charge interface. The controller is connected with each equalizing charge module in a bidirectional mode, each equalizing switch in a bidirectional mode and the communication interface in a bidirectional mode, the equalizing charge modules are connected with the corresponding equalizing switches respectively, and all the equalizing switches are connected to the equalizing charge interface.
Each equalizing charge module comprises a charge module and a discharge module, and the controller controls the charge module to perform equalizing charge on the battery by controlling the on-off of a switch of the equalizing charge module.
The controller is mainly connected with and controls the quick charging module of the direct current charging pile and the battery equalizing charging module of the equalizing charging device through communication lines, and the controller is connected with a BMS (battery management system) in a two-way mode.
Based on the design of the charging device, the invention designs the power battery of the electric vehicle, which is suitable for the equalizing charging device. The battery pack comprises N single batteries connected end to end, and the positive and negative levels of the single batteries are respectively connected with a change-over switch through charging lines. The change-over switch is connected with the sampling circuit, and the sampling circuit is connected with the BMS. The positive pole of the series battery pack is connected with the direct charging positive pole interface, and the negative pole is connected with the direct charging negative pole interface.
The communication module of the direct current charging pile is connected with the communication interface of the equalizing charging device and is in bidirectional connection with the charging pile control module, and when the charging pile control module obtains a control signal of a controller of the equalizing charging device, the charging pile control module controls the charging module to charge the battery pack by controlling the direct current charging switch to be switched on and off.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1, the invention designs an equalizing charge device for cooperatively charging a power battery of an electric vehicle in a communication manner with a state network charging pile, which comprises an electrical control module (controller), an equalizing charge module, an equalizing switch and a communication interface. The controller is connected with each equalizing charge module in a bidirectional mode, each equalizing switch in a bidirectional mode and the communication interface in a bidirectional mode, the equalizing charge modules are connected with the corresponding equalizing switches respectively, and all the equalizing switches are connected to the equalizing charge interface.
In this example, the controller is connected to the equalizing charge module and the communication interface of the equalizing charge device, and is connected to the battery BMS and the communication module of the dc charging pile through the communication interface, respectively, so as to control the dc charging pile and the equalizing module to perform charging.
Based on the design of equalizing charge device, this embodiment has designed a cooperation and this equalizing charge device's electric motor car group battery structure, and the battery cell links to each other with change over switch through positive and negative level, both connects equalizing charge interface and also connects the inside sampling circuit of battery. The battery pack of the electric vehicle is respectively provided with two charging interfaces, the charging interfaces are respectively balanced and connected with a charging device, and the direct-current charging interface is connected with a direct-current charging pile.
The change over switch is through linking to each other battery charging line and BMS, and BMS obtains battery cell voltage, current information through the sampling, embeds the battery SOC-voltage curve of different charging number of times in the BMS to the number of times of charging of record battery can the SOC of one-to-one correspondence battery through current voltage, thereby estimate the SOC value of corresponding battery cell. The BMS is connected with a communication interface of the equalizing charge device and sends the SOC, current and voltage information of the battery to the controller.
The controller obtains parameters such as voltage, current, temperature and SOC of each single battery, a control strategy of the battery is built in, and the direct current charging pile and the battery balancing module are controlled through communication, so that balancing of the battery is completed.
In this example, because the heavy current can produce the loss to the measuring circuit unit when charging, and the certain degree influences measurement accuracy, and because the device need not keep track of battery cell data, so adopt change over switch to measure and the switching of charging, and whole change over switch can be done every BMS sampling power and every charging unit's one-to-one switching, parameter transmission to controller when the BMS acquires the battery, the battery equalization condition is judged through the SOC value that acquires to the controller, if the battery is unbalanced, send signal to the equalizing charge module, the control equalizing charge module is carried out the equilibrium to the battery.
The battery equalization module comprises N equalization units which are respectively connected with the equalization interface through N equalization switches, when the positive and negative levels of the battery are connected with the equalization charging interface through the change-over switch, the equalization switches can control a charging loop of the equalization device to be connected with two ends of the battery in parallel or a discharging loop of the equalization device to be connected with two ends of the battery in parallel, so that the charging loop and the discharging loop are controlled to be disconnected, each equalization module is uniquely corresponding to a corresponding single battery, the charging and discharging strategies of the battery are very flexible, algorithm control of the fastest equalization speed and the most power-saving algorithm can be carried out based on the control, and the equalization of the battery pack can be completed by controlling the charging and discharging of the equalization batteries and combining battery information feedback obtained by the BMS in the charging process.
Because the equalizing charge speed is far less than the direct current charge speed, this device combines the positive and negative both ends that the direct current fills electric pile and connect the series battery to charge the battery, the controller passes through the communication interface of equalizing charge device and reaches the communication module that the direct current fills electric pile with control signal, communication module passes to the electric pile control module that fills with the signal, thereby it charges to the electric motor car battery to fill electric pile control module to direct current charging switch send signal control direct current and fill electric pile, and fill electric pile control module and charge the module and link to each other, can control the charging current size. This completes integration of dc charging and equalizing charging.
In order to further convey the idea of the present invention, this embodiment shows an example of a system control flow of equalizing charge, in which a BMS controls a switch to connect a charging line of each small battery to a battery sampling line, signals such as the current battery type, the charging and discharging frequency, the voltage, and the current are transmitted to the BMS, an SOC-voltage curve in a database is matched according to the charging and discharging frequency and type of the battery, the current battery SOC value is corresponded by the current battery voltage, and the signals are transmitted to a controller through a communication interface in an equalizing charge device, and the switch is connected to an equalizing charge module through switching, so that the controller controls charging and discharging of the circuit by providing a charging control strategy for the equalizing charge circuit, controls a dc charging switch to be closed after the battery voltages are pulled horizontally to the same starting point through the equalizing circuit, and charges the battery rapidly, when the battery is fully charged, the battery is balanced again to prevent imbalance of the battery caused by difference in the charging process, so that overcharge is prevented. And stopping charging when the last battery is full, and indicating that the charging is finished.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides an electric motor car battery equalizing device with direct current charging stake collaborative charging which characterized in that:
the system comprises a controller, N equalizing charge modules, N equalizing switches, a communication interface and an equalizing charge interface;
the controller is bidirectionally connected with each equalizing charge module, the controller is bidirectionally connected with each equalizing switch, and the controller is bidirectionally connected with the communication interface;
the equalizing charge module is respectively connected with each corresponding equalizing switch, and all the equalizing switches are connected to the equalizing charge interface;
the communication interface is connected with a communication module of the direct current charging pile, and the direct current charging pile control module obtains a control signal of the equalizing device through the communication module and charges a battery pack on the electric vehicle by controlling the direct current charging switch;
the series battery pack comprises N battery monomers which are connected end to end, and the positive and negative levels of each battery monomer are respectively connected with a corresponding selector switch through a charging circuit; the selector switch is connected with the sampling circuit, and the sampling circuit is connected with the battery management system; the positive electrode of the series battery pack is connected with a direct-charging positive electrode interface on the direct-current charging pile, and the negative electrode of the series battery pack is connected with a direct-charging negative electrode interface on the direct-current charging pile;
when charging, the controller is bidirectionally connected with a battery management system on the electric vehicle, and the equalizing charging interface is connected with a selector switch on the electric vehicle;
the battery management system obtains the voltage and the current of the single battery through sampling, a battery SOC-voltage curve with different charging times is built in the battery management system, the charging times of the battery are recorded, and the SOC values of the battery can be in one-to-one correspondence through the current voltage, so that the SOC value of the corresponding battery monomer is estimated; the battery management system sends the SOC value, the current and the voltage information of the battery monomer to the controller; the controller judges the balancing condition of the single batteries through the acquired information, and if the single batteries are unbalanced, the controller sends a signal to the equalizing charge module to control the equalizing charge module to balance the corresponding single batteries.
2. An equalizing charge method for an electric vehicle, which adopts the equalizing device for the batteries of the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, and is characterized in that the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the battery management system controls the change-over switch to connect the charging line of each battery monomer with the sampling line, and transmits the model, the charging and discharging times, the voltage and the current of the current battery monomer to the battery management system;
matching a battery SOC-voltage curve in a database through the charging and discharging times and models of the battery monomer, corresponding to the current SOC value of the battery monomer through the current battery voltage, transmitting a signal to a controller through a communication interface in the balancing device, and simultaneously converting a selector switch to an equalizing charging interface for connection;
the controller controls charging and discharging by providing a charging control strategy, and adjusts the voltage level of each battery cell to the same level through the equalization switch.
3. The equalizing charging method for electric vehicle as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises: the method comprises the steps that firstly, the battery pack is rapidly charged through the direct current charging pile, when the battery pack is rapidly fully charged, the single batteries are balanced, unbalance caused by difference in the charging process of the single batteries is prevented, and overcharging is prevented; and stopping charging when the last battery monomer is full, and indicating that the electric vehicle is charged completely.
CN202010088720.3A 2020-02-12 2020-02-12 Electric vehicle battery equalization equipment cooperatively charged with direct current charging pile Pending CN111098759A (en)

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CN202010088720.3A CN111098759A (en) 2020-02-12 2020-02-12 Electric vehicle battery equalization equipment cooperatively charged with direct current charging pile

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CN202010088720.3A CN111098759A (en) 2020-02-12 2020-02-12 Electric vehicle battery equalization equipment cooperatively charged with direct current charging pile

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113002365A (en) * 2021-02-01 2021-06-22 国网浙江省电力有限公司杭州供电公司 Single-to-multiple equalizing charging method for cooperative charging with direct current charging pile

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JP6601929B1 (en) * 2019-01-31 2019-11-06 マレリ株式会社 Cell balance device
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CN102170154A (en) * 2011-04-21 2011-08-31 无锡市凌翔电气驱动技术有限公司 An active equalizing system and an equalizing method of power lithium ion battery
CN103812153A (en) * 2012-11-12 2014-05-21 芜湖宏宇汽车电子有限责任公司 Active balance type BMS control module and control method for new energy automobile
CN107681706A (en) * 2016-08-01 2018-02-09 宁波三星智能电气有限公司 A kind of direct-current charging post
CN106253383A (en) * 2016-08-12 2016-12-21 辽宁比科新能源股份有限公司 A kind of Li-ion batteries piles auto charge and discharge balancing equipment
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JP6601929B1 (en) * 2019-01-31 2019-11-06 マレリ株式会社 Cell balance device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113002365A (en) * 2021-02-01 2021-06-22 国网浙江省电力有限公司杭州供电公司 Single-to-multiple equalizing charging method for cooperative charging with direct current charging pile

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