CN111097046B - 一种“关-开”型可视化诊疗纳米探针 - Google Patents

一种“关-开”型可视化诊疗纳米探针 Download PDF

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CN111097046B
CN111097046B CN201911310174.7A CN201911310174A CN111097046B CN 111097046 B CN111097046 B CN 111097046B CN 201911310174 A CN201911310174 A CN 201911310174A CN 111097046 B CN111097046 B CN 111097046B
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曾乐勇
吴頔
殷质彬
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种“关‑开”型可视化诊疗纳米探针,其结构为金纳米簇@介孔二氧化硅@二氧化锰;其制备是:a)将谷胱甘肽加入到氯金酸溶液中,冰浴搅拌;加入四丁基硼氢化铵,调节pH至2‑4;离心透析,得到金纳米簇溶液;b)将CTAB加入金纳米簇中,搅拌;调节pH至8‑10,加正硅酸乙酯,持续搅拌;至有乳白色物质生成时,加入乙酸乙酯和N‑[3‑(三甲氧基硅基)]丙基]乙二胺;搅拌反应离心,将沉淀物分散至水中得金纳米簇@介孔二氧化硅;c)取金纳米簇@介孔二氧化硅,加高锰酸钾和甲酰胺,超声反应后离心,将沉淀物分散至水中,得AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2。本发明的探针具有磁共振成像和光动力治疗功能,可应用于肿瘤磁共振成像诊断和光动力治疗中。

Description

一种“关-开”型可视化诊疗纳米探针
技术领域
本发明涉及纳米探针,具体的说是一种“关-开”型可视化诊疗纳米探针。
背景技术
随着生物纳米技术的发展,以纳米材料为基本单元的分子探针在肿瘤诊断和治疗中发挥着越来越重要的作用。然而,传统的纳米探针不具有靶向功能,或者靶向型纳米探针的体内可靠性不高,不仅对正常机体组织带来了潜在威胁,而且降低了诊疗效率,限制了其在肿瘤精准诊疗中的应用。如果可以构建肿瘤微环境响应型纳米探针,不仅可以提高纳米探针在肿瘤部位的富集,提高诊疗性能,而且利用纳米探针的 “关-开”特性,可以降低正常组织对纳米探针的非特异性摄取。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种“关-开”型可视化诊疗纳米探针,以解决传统纳米探针不具有靶向功能,或者由于靶向性纳米探针在体内可靠性差而导致诊疗效率低、应用受限的问题。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:
一种“关-开”型可视化诊疗纳米探针,该探针的结构为金纳米簇@介孔二氧化硅@二氧化锰。
所述的“关-开”型可视化诊疗纳米探针,按照如下方法制备:
a)制备金纳米簇:
将0.01-0.1g谷胱甘肽加入到20mL浓度为2-20mM的氯金酸溶液中,并于冰浴中搅拌;然后迅速加入0.05-0.2g四丁基硼氢化铵,再用盐酸调节溶液pH至2-4;然后离心,取上清液进行透析,得到棕黄色的金纳米簇溶液;
b)制备金纳米簇@介孔二氧化硅:
将0.03-0.3g的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)加入到10mL步骤a)所制备的金纳米簇溶液中,持续搅拌;用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8-10,然后迅速加入0.08-0.8mL正硅酸乙酯,持续搅拌;至体系中有乳白色物质生成时,加入1-5mL乙酸乙酯和30-300μL N-[3-(三甲氧基硅基)]丙基]乙二胺;搅拌反应1-3h后离心,将沉淀物分散至100mL水中,即得到乳白色的金纳米簇@介孔二氧化硅溶液;
c)制备金纳米簇@介孔二氧化硅@二氧化锰:
取步骤b)制备好的金纳米簇@介孔二氧化硅溶液50mL,加入0.01-0.05g高锰酸钾和0.1-0.8mL甲酰胺,超声反应0.5-2h后离心,将沉淀物分散至100mL水中,得到灰黑色的金纳米簇@介孔二氧化硅@二氧化锰溶液。
进一步的,步骤a)中,谷胱甘肽的用量优选为0.03-0.06g;氯金酸的浓度优选为8-12mM;四丁基硼氢化铵的用量优选为0.08-0.15g。
进一步的,步骤b)中其中CTAB的用量优选为0.1g;pH值优选为9;正硅酸乙酯的体积优选为0.4 mL;乙酸乙酯的体积优选为2.5mL;N-[3-(三甲氧基硅基)]丙基]乙二胺的体积优选为150μL;反应时间优选为1.5小时。
进一步的,步骤c)中,高锰酸钾的用量优选为0.025g;甲酰胺的体积优选为0.45mL;反应时间优选为1小时。
本发明的金纳米簇@介孔二氧化硅@二氧化锰(AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2)纳米探针具有磁共振成像和光动力治疗功能,可应用于肿瘤磁共振成像诊断和光动力治疗中。在正常生理环境中,该纳米探针表面被MnO2层保护,激光照射不会产生活性氧自由基(关)。在肿瘤微环境中,肿瘤细胞中的谷胱甘肽降解MnO2层,恢复产生活性氧自由基(开),降解产生的Mn2+提供磁共振成像功能。
附图说明
图1是实施例1制备的AuNCs@mSiO2的透射电镜图。
图2是实施例1制备的AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2的透射电镜图。
图3是实施例2制备的AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2被谷胱甘肽降解后的透射电镜图。
图4是实施例3制备的AuNCs@mSiO2、AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2和被谷胱甘肽降解的AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2,在808纳米激光照射下,溶液中的DPBF的吸光度随辐照时间的变化情况。
图5是实施例4制备的AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2被谷胱甘肽降解前后的磁共振弛豫曲线。
具体实施方式
实施例1
a)将0.05g的谷胱甘肽加入到20mL浓度为10 mM的氯金酸溶液中,并在冰浴中进行搅拌,然后迅速加入0.1g的四丁基硼氢化铵,用盐酸调节溶液的pH值为3,离心、取其上清液进行透析(半透膜截留分子量≤3500,24h),得到金纳米簇溶液。
b)将0.1g的CTAB加入到10 mL金纳米簇溶液中,持续搅拌;用氢氧化钠调节其pH值为8,迅速加入0.4mL的正硅酸乙酯;搅拌至乳白色物质生成时,加入2.5 mL的乙酸乙酯和150 μL的N-[3-(三甲氧基硅基)]丙基]乙二胺;搅拌反应1.5小时后,将产物离心、水洗,分散至100 mL水中,得到AuNCs@SiO2溶液。
c)在体积为50mL的AuNCs@SiO2溶液中加入0.025g高锰酸钾和0.45mL甲酰胺,超声反应1小时,将产物离心、水洗,分散至100 mL水中,得到AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2溶液。
利用透射电子显微镜分别对步骤b)制备的AuNCs@mSiO2和步骤c)制备的AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2进行表征,结果如图1和2。从图1中可以看出,AuNCs@mSiO2为球形,整体尺寸约为100-200纳米,尺寸在2-5纳米的金纳米簇包裹在介孔二氧化硅内部。从图2中可以看出,AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2的表面被层状的二氧化锰覆盖,片层厚度约为5纳米。
实施例2
a)将0.1g的谷胱甘肽加入到20mL浓度为18 mM的氯金酸溶液中,并在冰浴中进行搅拌,然后迅速加入0.18g的四丁基硼氢化铵,用盐酸调节溶液的pH值为4,离心、取其上清液进行透析(半透膜截留分子量≤3500,24h),得到金纳米簇溶液。
b)将0.2g的CTAB加入到10 mL金纳米簇溶液中,用氢氧化钠调节其pH值为10,迅速加入0.6mL的正硅酸乙酯;搅拌至乳白色物质生成时,加入4 mL的乙酸乙酯和200 μL的N-[3-(三甲氧基硅基)]丙基]乙二胺;搅拌反应3小时后,将产物离心、水洗,分散至100 mL水中,得到AuNCs@SiO2溶液。
c)在体积为50mL的AuNCs@SiO2溶液中加入0.04g高锰酸钾和0.6mL甲酰胺,超声反应1小时,将产物离心、水洗,分散至100 mL水中,得到AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2
在AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2溶液中加入1 mL的0.1mM的谷胱甘肽,搅拌反应3小时,离心、将沉淀分散至分100 mL水中。利用透射电子显微镜对谷胱甘肽降解后的AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2进行表征,结果如图3。从图3中可以看出,表面的层状二氧化锰已经消失,表明谷胱甘肽能够降解二氧化锰。
实施例3
a)将0.03g的谷胱甘肽加入到20mL浓度为8 mM的氯金酸溶液中,并在冰浴中进行搅拌,然后迅速加入0.075g的四丁基硼氢化铵,用盐酸调节溶液的pH值为5,离心、取其上清液进行透析(半透膜截留分子量≤3500,24h),得到金纳米簇溶液。
b)将0.05g的CTAB加入到10 mL金纳米簇溶液中,用氢氧化钠调节其pH值为9,迅速加入0.2 mL的正硅酸乙酯;搅拌至乳白色物质生成时,加入2 mL的乙酸乙酯和100 μL的N-[3-(三甲氧基硅基)]丙基]乙二胺;搅拌反应2小时后,将产物离心、水洗,分散至100 mL水中,得到AuNCs@SiO2溶液。
c)在体积为50 mL的AuNCs@SiO2溶液中加入0.02 g高锰酸钾和0.2 mL甲酰胺,超声反应2小时,将产物离心、水洗,分散至100 mL水中,得到AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2
在AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2溶液中加入1 mL的0.075mM的谷胱甘肽,搅拌反应2小时,离心、将沉淀分散至分100 mL水中。将DPBF加入到AuNCs@mSiO2、AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2和被谷胱甘肽降解后的AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2溶液中,然后利用808nm激光对以上溶液进行照射1-5分钟,离心取其上清进行紫外-可见吸收光谱测量,比较DPBF吸光度的变化,结果如图4。从图4中可以看出,当808纳米激光照射5分钟时,在AuNCs@mSiO2和被谷胱甘肽降解的AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2溶液中,DPBF吸光度降低至57%左右,显示产生的活性氧自由基与DPBF发生了反应;但在AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2溶液中,DPBF吸收光基本不变,显示没有活性氧自由基产生。结果表明谷胱甘肽响应型的AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2具有“关-开”的光动力治疗性能。
实施例4
a)将0.08g的谷胱甘肽加入到20mL浓度为12 mM的氯金酸溶液中,并在冰浴中进行搅拌,然后迅速加入0.05g的四丁基硼氢化铵,用盐酸调节溶液的pH值为4,离心、取其上清液进行透析(半透膜截留分子量≤3500,24h),得到金纳米簇溶液。
b)将0.08g的CTAB加入到10 mL金纳米簇溶液中,用氢氧化钠调节其pH值为10,迅速加入0.4 mL的正硅酸乙酯;搅拌至乳白色物质生成时,加入4 mL的乙酸乙酯和200 μL的N-[3-(三甲氧基硅基)]丙基]乙二胺;搅拌反应1.5小时后,将产物离心、水洗,分散至100mL水中,得到AuNCs@SiO2溶液。
c)在体积为50 mL的AuNCs@SiO2溶液中加入0.04 g高锰酸钾和0.075 mL甲酰胺,超声反应3小时,将产物离心、水洗,分散至100 mL水中,得到AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2
在AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2溶液中加入1 mL的0.05mM的谷胱甘肽,搅拌反应1小时,离心、将沉淀分散至分100 mL水中。将AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2和被谷胱甘肽降解后的AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2溶液稀释为不同浓度,进行磁共振成像性能表征,比较两种材料的弛豫效率,结果如图5。从图5中可以看出,未经谷胱甘肽降解的AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2的磁共振弛豫效率为41.65mM-1·s-1,但谷胱甘肽降解后的AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2的磁共振弛豫效率增大为102.93mM-1·s-1,表明谷胱甘肽响应型的AuNCs@mSiO2@MnO2具有增强的磁共振成像性能。

Claims (1)

1.一种“关-开”型可视化诊疗纳米探针,其特征是,该探针的结构为金纳米簇@介孔二氧化硅@二氧化锰;
该探针按照如下方法制备:
a)制备金纳米簇:
将0.01-0.1g谷胱甘肽加入到20mL浓度为2-20mM的氯金酸溶液中,并于冰浴中搅拌;然后迅速加入0.05-0.2g四丁基硼氢化铵,再用盐酸调节溶液pH至2-4;然后离心,取上清液进行透析,得到棕黄色的金纳米簇溶液;
b)制备金纳米簇@介孔二氧化硅:
将0.03-0.3g的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵加入到10mL步骤a)所制备的金纳米簇溶液中,持续搅拌;用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8-10,然后迅速加入0.08-0.8mL正硅酸乙酯,持续搅拌;至体系中有乳白色物质生成时,加入1-5mL乙酸乙酯和30-300μL N-[3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基]乙二胺;搅拌反应1-3h后离心,将沉淀物分散至100mL水中,即得到乳白色的金纳米簇@介孔二氧化硅溶液;
c)制备金纳米簇@介孔二氧化硅@二氧化锰:
取步骤b)制备好的金纳米簇@介孔二氧化硅溶液50mL,加入0.01-0.05g高锰酸钾和0.1-0.8mL甲酰胺,超声反应0.5-2h后离心,将沉淀物分散至100mL水中,得到灰黑色的金纳米簇@介孔二氧化硅@二氧化锰溶液。
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