CN111096323A - Mulberry borer attractant and application thereof - Google Patents
Mulberry borer attractant and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111096323A CN111096323A CN201911374495.3A CN201911374495A CN111096323A CN 111096323 A CN111096323 A CN 111096323A CN 201911374495 A CN201911374495 A CN 201911374495A CN 111096323 A CN111096323 A CN 111096323A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/18—Vapour or smoke emitting compositions with delayed or sustained release
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N27/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing hydrocarbons
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
- A01N35/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aliphatically bound aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of forestry insect prevention and control, and particularly relates to a mulberworm attractant and application thereof. The attractant is used for trapping and killing the mulworms, can efficiently and specifically attract imagoes, so that the purpose of concentrated trapping and killing is achieved, the egg laying amount of the mulworms can be remarkably reduced, the insect population density in the next year is reduced, and the purpose of prevention and control is achieved; experiments prove that more than 99 percent of the trapped and killed insects are target insects, the proportion of other insects is very small, no attractant effect on beneficial insects is found, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of forestry insect prevention and control, and particularly relates to a mulberry moth attractant and application thereof.
Background
The mulberry stem borer (Diahpaniapylalis) belongs to the family of the borer family, Lepidoptera, also known as leaf roller, budworm, oil worm, etc. The host plant of the mulberry borer is mainly mulberry and is one of the important pests of the mulberry. The insect is caused and harmed in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Anhui, Shandong, Liaoning, Jilin, Shanxi, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guizhou, Taiwan and other provinces in China. The larva is the mulberry leaf which is the most seriously damaged in summer and autumn, and the mulberry leaf is the most seriously damaged in late autumn, so that the yield of the mulberry leaf is reduced, the quality is deteriorated, and the silkworm production is influenced. The mulberry borer is threshed and studded into rolled leaves or folded leaves by larvae in summer and autumn, the larvae hide the chewing mesophyll, residual veins and upper epidermis to form transparent gray brown films, and then the transparent gray brown films are broken to form holes, which are called as 'skylight opening'. The excrement pollutes the leaves and affects the quality of the mulberry leaves. The mulberry leaves are withered and yellow due to the pest in 9-10 months, which affects silkworm feeding in autumn or causes silkworm diseases.
The mulberry borer mainly takes 1 year generation and 5 generations as main, and mature larvae spin and knot a thin cocoon in bark cracks and holes to overwinter. In the 2 nd year, the temperature rises, and the winter larvae pupate, emerge, mate and lay eggs successively. The larvae of each age appeared in the dominant phase: the larvae of 1 generation from 4 months to 5 months, the larvae of 2 generation from 6 months to 6 months, the larvae of 3 generation from 7 months to 8 months, and the larvae of 4 generation from 9 months to 10 months. Each insect state calendar period: 5-6 days of adult stage, 5-6 days of egg stage, 16-18 days of larva stage, 7-14 days of pupa stage and about 250 days of overwintering generation larva.
The prevention and control difficulties of the mulberry borer mainly comprise the following points that the mulberry borer in most areas of ① China occurs for 5-6 generations, the generation overlapping phenomenon is serious, the prevention and control suitable period is difficult to determine, the ② mulberry borer has a leaf rolling habit, part of medicaments cannot directly act on insect bodies, and the prevention and control effect is not ideal, the prevention and control suitable period of the ③ mulberry borer is sometimes overlapped with the silkworm period to ensure the production of the mulberry, the insect condition is aggravated due to delayed prevention and control, the ④ mulberry is single in pesticide variety, aged, laggard in prevention and control mode, and the like.
(1) Physical and chemical trapping: the light trapping, feeding, sex attractant and other methods are adopted to trap and kill the mulberry borer imagoes, and the insect source base number is reduced.
(2) Chemical control: the main adopted pesticides include dichlorvos, dimethoate, phoxim, malathion, methomyl and the like for prevention and treatment, and low-concentration and low-residue medicaments are adopted for short-term prevention and treatment. Chemical prevention and cure are carried out by paying special attention to the proper period of prevention and cure, the concentration of liquid medicine and the residue of liquid medicine, so as to prevent pesticide poisoning accidents. Silkworm mainly takes mulberry leaves as food, and pesticide used by mulberry is greatly limited.
(3) Biological control: the mulberry borer has a large amount of parasitic natural enemies, predatory natural enemies and pathogenic microorganisms in the nature, and can be used for directional, ecological, environment-friendly and efficient prevention and control of the mulberry borer. The parasitic wasps of the mulberry borer are various in types, and the sandflies, the tea bugs, the walking worms, the wasps and the like also have habit of catching the mulberry borer and can be attracted or artificially bred for utilization. In addition, biological agents such as beauveria bassiana and metarhizium anisopliae appear in succession, and some of them may be used at an appropriate period. But biological control is not commercially available at present.
Due to the need for survival and reproduction, phytophagous pests need to feed on the stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, nectar, etc. of the plants. The food can not only provide nutrient substances required by the growth and development of insects, but also provide precursor substances required by some insects for synthesizing self pheromone. Every plant-feeding insect has its specific feeding range and preference, which is the result of long-term co-evolution of insects and plants. The plant volatile matter is the language of the plant, is a mixture of various volatile plant secondary matters and has rich diversity. More than 1700 volatile substances have been identified from the volatile components of more than 90 plants, and more than 100 components have been identified from the volatile components of mulberry leaves. These substances mainly include: fatty acid derivatives such as green leaf volatile, terpene compounds such as monoterpene, hemiterpene, sesquiterpene and diterpene, phenylpropanoid and benzene compounds, and short chain compounds with strong volatility such as ethanol and acetaldehyde. Thus, the plant volatile substance provides various information about food for the insect, and the phytophagous insect can find suitable and favorite food according to the qualitative and quantitative composition of the plant volatile substance. Numerous studies have shown that, although several tens to hundreds of components can be contained in a single plant volatile, the number of informative substances is usually less than ten, and the composition, relative proportions and even release thereof can have a large influence on the attractant activity.
Plant volatile matters play an important role in adjusting the relationship between plants and pests and the growth and decay of pest populations. The use of such chemical information for pest control has long been used. In the beginning of the 20 th century, people began to utilize fermented sugar water and sugar-vinegar liquor to simulate insect food-borne odors such as rotten fruits, plant honeydew and plant wound exudate and perform pest trapping and killing. The traditional food attractant has a wide insect attraction spectrum and has strong attraction and killing effects on various lepidoptera, coleopteran and dipteran pests. For example: the sweet and sour liquor can trap and kill various pests such as noctuid, snout moth's larva, leaf roller, scarab, longicorn beetle, fruit fly, and muscae volitantes. These conventional feeding attractants play a certain role in the prevention and control of agricultural and forestry pests. With the development of science and technology, especially the progress of chemical analysis technology and insect olfactory electrophysiological technology, people continuously deepen the understanding of food odor of pests. The artificial combination of volatile substances simulates the preference of food smell of pests, and continuously develops a novel food attractant for the pests such as fruit flies, night moths, thrips, beetles and the like, and is widely applied all over the world.
The attractant provided by the invention can efficiently and specifically attract the adult mulworms, so that the aim of concentrated trapping is achieved, the egg laying amount of the mulworms can be remarkably reduced, the population density of the mulworms in the next year is reduced, and the aim of prevention and treatment is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multocida suppressalis attractant and application thereof, wherein the attractant comprises the following components: leaf alcohol, 2-methyl-2-butanol, palmitic acid, myrcene, and 2-methylbutanal.
The invention also aims to provide the application of the muller attractant in the prevention and treatment of the muller.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical measures:
a mulworms attractant comprising:
folyl alcohol, also known as cis-3-hexeneAlcohol of the formula CH3CH2CH＝CHCH2CH2OH；
2-methyl-2-butanol of the formula C5H12O；
Palmitic acid, also known as hexadecanoic acid, of formula C16H32O2；
Myrcene, also known as 7-methyl-3-methylene-1, 6-octadiene, of formula C10H16；
2-methyl butyraldehyde of the formula C5H10O。
The mulworms attractant, as described above, preferably comprises: 10-20 parts of leaf alcohol, 3-7 parts of 2-methyl-2-butanol, 5-15 parts of palmitic acid, 3-7 parts of myrcene and 3-7 parts of 2-methyl butyraldehyde, which are in parts by volume.
The attractant preferably comprises: 15 parts of leaf alcohol, 5 parts of 2-methyl-2-butanol, 10 parts of palmitic acid, 5 parts of myrcene and 5 parts of 2-methyl butyraldehyde in parts by volume.
The application of the mulberry moth attractant in the prevention and treatment of the mulberry moth comprises the steps of preparing an attractant slow-release agent by using the attractant; or the attractant of the invention and other insecticidal reagents are used for preparing the attractant of the mulberry stem borer.
In the above application, when the mulberworm attractant slow-release agent is prepared, the added volatile substances are conventional organic substances in the field, including but not limited to absolute ethyl alcohol.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
1. the invention provides an attractant for mulworms, which provides a new selectivity for prevention and treatment of the mulworms.
2. The invention has the advantages of practicality, convenience, high specificity, strong attractant effect, no pollution, time saving, labor saving and labor saving.
Detailed Description
The technical schemes of the invention are conventional schemes in the field if not particularly stated; the reagents or materials, if not specifically mentioned, are commercially available.
Example 1:
screening of a formula of the mulberry moth attractant:
according to the formulation of table 1, prepared attractants of different formulations were fitted to insect traps on the market, which were suspended in the forest by means of a bracket or a tree trunk. The number of the mulberry moths attracted by each trap on the first day is recorded, and the insect attracting effect between the mulberry moths and the traps is compared. (experiment scale is 30 mu, number of traps per mu is 2, each trap is loaded with 20ml of attractant, 5g of methomyl 10% powder is added, and then diluted to 200ml with water)
The experimental site: liangshan Ningnan county, Sichuan province
Experiment time: year 2019, month 5
And (3) testing insect species: mulberry borer
TABLE 1 attraction effect of different attractants on mulworms
And (4) analyzing results:
the experimental data show that the formula of the group 1 contains all volatile components of mulberry leaves, has a certain attracting effect on the mulberry borers, and the number of the mulberry borers reaches 29; the luring specificity of the formula of the group 2 on the mulberry borers is far higher than that of the formula 1, and the number of the pests can reach 68; the formula of the group 3 is a broad-spectrum attractant for phytophagous pests, and has almost no attraction effect on mulberries. Thus, the present invention employs a second group of attractant formulations.
Example 2:
a mulworms attractant comprising:
and (3) fully and uniformly mixing the mixture, and adding the mixture into a slow release bottle to prepare the mulworms attractant.
Example 3:
evaluation of the effect of the mulberry field attractant of the muller moth attractant:
in this example, the attracting effect of the attractant prepared in example 2 was evaluated by the following method:
when the mulberry field is used for prevention and control, the prepared attractant is matched with an insect trap on the market, and the trap is hung in a forest by utilizing a bracket or a trunk.
The attractant is matched with an insect trap to serve as an experimental group, and the absolute ethyl alcohol is matched with the insect trap to serve as a control group; the two are respectively hung in the mulberry field, the number of the mulberry moths lured by each trap is recorded every day, and the insect luring effects of the two are compared. (experiment scale is 5 mu, the number of traps per mu is 2, each trap is loaded with 20ml of attractant, 5g of methomyl 10% powder is added, the mixture is diluted to 200ml by water, the water is supplemented to 200ml every day, the service life is 7-10 days)
The experimental site: liangshan Ningnan county, Sichuan province
Experiment time: year 2019, month 5
And (3) testing insect species: mulberry borer
TABLE 2 Mulberry borer field luring results (head)
| Day one | The next day | The third day | The fourth day | The fifth day | |
| Experimental group | 58 | 59 | 48 | 34 | 31 |
| Control group | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
And (4) analyzing results:
the experimental data show that the muller moth attractant has a good attraction effect on muller moth, the muller moth attractant has strong specificity, more than 99% of the trapped and killed insect species are target insect species, the proportion of other insect species is very small, most of the insect species are pests, and the attractant effect on beneficial insects is not found.
Claims (8)
1. A mulworms attractant comprising: leaf alcohol, 2-methyl-2-butanol, palmitic acid, myrcene, and 2-methylbutanal.
2. The mulleria nubilalis attractant of claim 1, wherein: 10-20 parts of leaf alcohol, 3-7 parts of 2-methyl-2-butanol, 5-15 parts of palmitic acid, 3-7 parts of myrcene and 3-7 parts of 2-methyl butyraldehyde, which are in parts by volume.
3. The mulleria nubilalis attractant of claim 1, wherein: 15 parts of leaf alcohol, 5 parts of 2-methyl-2-butanol, 10 parts of palmitic acid, 5 parts of myrcene, 5 parts of 2-methylbutanal.
4. Use of the muller attractant of claim 1 in the preparation of a muller attractant.
5. The use of the mulworms attractant of claim 1 in the preparation of drugs for the control of mulworms.
6. The use of the mulberworm attractant of claim 1 in the preparation of a mulberworm attractant slow release formulation.
7. The use of the mulberworm attractant of claim 1 in the preparation of a luring and killing agent for mulberworm.
8. The use of claim 6, wherein the volatile substance added to the sustained release agent is absolute ethyl alcohol.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113661982A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-19 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) | Composition for preventing and treating mulberry borers and application thereof |
| CN113854288A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2021-12-31 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) | Attractant for female moths of mulworms and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113892486A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-01-07 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) | Egg laying repellent for female moths of mulberry moths, preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113661982A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-19 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) | Composition for preventing and treating mulberry borers and application thereof |
| CN113661982B (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2022-06-28 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) | Composition for preventing and treating mulberry borer and application thereof |
| CN113892486A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-01-07 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) | Egg laying repellent for female moths of mulberry moths, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113892486B (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-07-29 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) | Egg laying repellent for female moths of mulberry moths, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113854288A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2021-12-31 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) | Attractant for female moths of mulworms and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113854288B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-05-24 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) | Mulberry borer female moth attractant and preparation method and application thereof |
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