CN111093589A - 康复装置及其在锻炼肩部区域中的用途 - Google Patents

康复装置及其在锻炼肩部区域中的用途 Download PDF

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CN111093589A
CN111093589A CN201880060001.1A CN201880060001A CN111093589A CN 111093589 A CN111093589 A CN 111093589A CN 201880060001 A CN201880060001 A CN 201880060001A CN 111093589 A CN111093589 A CN 111093589A
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rehabilitation device
arm
rehabilitation
arms
armrest
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CN111093589B (zh
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T·泰瓦伊宁
J·托诺宁
J·豪塔玛基
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David Health Solutions Ltd
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David Health Solutions Ltd
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
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  • Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Therapy (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种适合于肩部区域的康复和/或锻炼的康复装置，该康复装置设有框架(1)，该框架连接至动力生成设备(2)、靠背部件(10)、座位部件(11)和扶手(21)。根据本发明的康复装置的特征在于，它还包括第一支撑臂(23)、第二支撑臂(24)和运动臂(22)，运动臂与所述相应的第一和第二支撑臂连接。根据本发明的康复装置的特征还在于，所述扶手(21)铰接在所述相应的运动臂(22)中，并且所述动力生成设备(2)与所述运动臂(22)连接。另外，本发明涉及康复装置在锻炼肩部区域中的用途。

Description

康复装置及其在锻炼肩部区域中的用途
技术领域
本发明涉及一种装置，该装置适于修复和/或锻炼肩部区域，以防止、减轻和/或治愈肩部区域的疼痛。
背景技术
肩痛是世界范围内的一个巨大问题。在所有的肌肉骨骼问题中，肩部疾病导致休病假最多。肩痛是65岁以上人群中最常见的肌肉骨骼疾病，在过去40年中，其患病率增加了两倍。每两个人中就有一个人在他们的一生中经历肩部疼痛。尽管有这些数据，但是通过生物力学最佳方法可测量、可监测和可重复地恢复和锻炼肩膀是不可能的。
设计用于增强肩膀和肩膀区域肌肉的设备通常主要用于增强大肌肉(使上肢运动)。然而，肩部问题和疼痛的原因通常在其他地方。在大多数情况下，此类问题是由支撑肩关节的小肌肉无力以及移动和稳定肩胛骨的肌肉无力引起的。因此，常规的健身锻炼设备不适用于锻炼这些肌肉。
从US2008/0300511A1中已知一种肩部力量锻炼装置，该装置允许两个肩部的内部和外部旋转。
另外，US2014/0194260A1公开了一种使用角度可调的锻炼装置的方法。
肩袖由四块肌肉组成，其中只有一块肩胛下肌将上臂向内旋转。肩胛下肌、棘下肌和小圆肌将上臂向外旋转。从FI126770B中已知一种用于锻炼肩袖的康复装置。
身体两旁锯齿肌，即前锯肌，使肩胛骨具有多种运动能力和稳定性。现有技术没有专门用于锻炼该前锯肌的装置。
在物理治疗中，通过伸出手的运动来锻炼前锯肌。在最初的康复阶段，一只手或两只手同时进行的所称的肩胛骨式上推是一种典型的锻炼方法。锻炼时，一只手或两只手伸直靠在墙壁上，同时将身体推离墙壁。在这种情况下，仅肩胛骨可以运动。在康复过程中，墙壁和身体之间的角度会增加，并且锻炼需要更多的体力。在最后阶段，在地板上进行锻炼，身体几乎处于水平位置。
进行锻炼的第二种选择涉及使用各种抵抗力来代替自己的体重。仰卧时，可以使用例如杠铃或哑铃。在站立或坐姿时，可以使用例如橡皮绳、各种滑轮或胸部按压设备。
只要正确执行这些锻炼，就可以有效激活前锯肌。然而，当肩膀受伤，要锻炼的肌肉无力并且整体上肩胛骨控制不足时，就会出现问题。在这种情况下，运动将不可避免地完全失去控制，并且该特定目标肌肉将无法充分激活。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种使得肩部运动的装置，该装置有效地激活前锯肌，同时在受控的情况下进行运动，以便不论在何种情况下都正确。
该目的通过独立权利要求1中限定的装置和独立权利要求10中限定的用途来实现。在从属权利要求中定义了本发明的优选实施例。
本发明涉及一种康复装置，其适合于肩部区域的康复和/或锻炼，该康复装置具有连接至动力生成设备2的框架1、靠背部件10、座位部件11和扶手21。根据本发明的康复装置的特别之处是，另外包括第一支撑臂23、第二支撑臂24和运动臂22，运动臂与所述相应的第一和第二支撑臂连接。根据本发明的康复装置的特征还在于，所述支撑臂21铰接在所述相应的运动臂22上，并且所述动力生成设备与所述运动臂22连接。
在本发明的一个优选的实施方式中，康复装置中的每个扶手21由相应的运动臂22和相应的支撑臂23、24可移动地支撑在预定轨迹上。所述轨迹可以进一步从静止位置到极限位置，反之亦然。
在本发明的第二优选实施例中，康复装置的扶手21可以相对于彼此同步或异步地移动。
在本发明的另一优选实施例中，康复装置的动力生成设备2包括滑轮31，该滑轮可以运动以改变为康复装置的部件产生的动力。
另外，康复装置可以设置有用于将存储的数据传输到装置的装置，并且还设置有用于基于存储的数据自动调整以下至少一项的装置：扶手21、运动臂22、支撑件臂23、24、靠背部件10、座位部件11、动力生成设备2以及其他部件。这些数据可以存储在云服务中和/或包含每个使用者的个人数据，以用于调整装置。
优选地，根据本发明的康复装置适于尤其激活前锯肌(身体两旁锯齿肌)。
根据本发明的康复装置可以设置有用于执行等距测量的装置。
本发明还涉及上述康复装置在锻炼肩部区域中的用途。使用根据本发明的康复装置的特别之处是，使用者将所述臂放置在扶手21中，并且将一个或两个手臂在预定轨迹上的所述静止位置和所述极限位置之间移动，同时所述扶手21支撑使用者的手臂，以最小化支撑斜方肌肌肉上部的激活。
附图说明
通过附图更详细地示出了本发明的优选实施例，其中：
图1a示出了处于静止位置的本发明装置的右侧视图；
图1b示出了处于静止位置的本发明装置的前视图；
图1c示出了处于静止位置的本发明装置的左侧视图；
图1d示出了处于静止位置的本发明装置的第一示意图；
图1e示出了处于静止位置的本发明装置的俯视图；
图1f示出了处于静止位置的本发明装置的第二示意图；
图2a示出了本发明装置在左极限位置的右侧视图；
图2b示出了本发明装置在左极限位置的前视图；
图2c示出了本发明装置在左极限位置的左侧视图；
图2d示出了本发明装置在左极限位置的第一示意图；
图2e示出了本发明装置在左极限位置的俯视图；
图2f示出了本发明装置在左极限位置的第二示意图；
图3a示出了本发明装置的动力生成设备的侧视图，其中两个运动臂推到极限位置；
图3b示出了本发明装置的动力生成设备的前视图，其中两个运动臂推到极限位置；
图3c示出了本发明的装置的动力生成设备的示意图，其中两个运动臂推到极限位置；
图3d示出了本发明装置的滑车齿轮的细节，该滑车齿轮由该装置的动力生成设备的滑轮与缆线形成，其中两个运动臂推到极限位置；
图4a示出了本发明装置的动力生成设备的侧视图，其中运动臂之一推到极限位置；
图4b示出了本发明装置的动力生成设备的前视图，其中运动臂之一推到极限位置；
图4c示出了本发明装置的动力生成设备的示意图，其中运动臂之一推到极限位置；和
图4d示出了本发明装置的滑车齿轮的细节，该滑车齿轮由该装置的动力生成设备的滑轮与缆线形成，其中两个运动臂推到极限位置。
具体实施方式
图1a-1f示出了处于静止位置的本发明的康复装置。靠背部件10和座位部件11形成座架，使用者坐在座架上。在座架的两侧，有支撑使用者手臂的单元，该单元由两个支撑臂23、24、一个运动臂22和扶手21组成。支撑臂23、24与设备的框架1连接
图2a-2f示出了处于极限位置和静止位置的根据本发明的康复装置。当设置在极限位置时，该支撑使用者左臂的单元可优化使用者前锯肌的运动，其中支撑使用者左臂的单元由两个支撑臂23、24、一个运动臂22和扶手21组成。
在本发明的优选实施例中，如图2a-2f所示，支撑臂的单元可以在静止位置和极限位置之间异步运动，或者可以同步地运动，以使两个侧向单元同时到达极限位置，并同时恢复到静止位置。
图3a-3d示出了传动缆线32通过固定滑轮30和移动滑轮31的轨迹，其中两个运动臂被推到极限位置；在这种情况下，移动滑轮31位于上方位置。
图4a-4d示出了传动缆线32通过固定滑轮30和移动滑轮31的轨迹，其中一个运动臂22被推到极限位置而另一运动臂22被推到静止位置。在这种情况下，与处于静止位置的运动臂22相对应的移动滑轮31位于下方位置。
根据本发明的装置的优选实施例允许受控和安全的前锯肌运动。该装置是双功能的。它既可以进行类似于上肢推举的多关节运动(对上身施加很大的压力)(胸部推举)，也可以将肩胛骨上推运动精确地定向到前锯肌。两种锻炼都针对肩关节的康复和运动进行优化。两种锻炼都可以用两只手交替进行或用两只手同时进行，以使运动臂22同步运动。
在多关节运动开始时，从正面看，使用者的上臂与身体形成50-70度的角度，优选为55-65度，更优选为59-61度，最优选为大约60度。在多关节运动开始时，从正面看，使用者的上臂与身体形成80-100度的角度，优选为85-95度，更优选为89-91度，最优选为大约90度。从上方看，在不同位置的运动臂22相互形成角度β1和/或β2，该角度β1和/或β2大体上为42-52度，优选为46-48度，最优选为约47度。从侧面看，运动臂22和靠背一起形成角度1和/或2，该角度1和/或2大体上为88-98度，优选地92-94度，最优选地大约93度。
座位部件11和靠背部件10处于相互的角度，使得使用者能够在靠在靠背部件上的同时舒适地就坐在座位部件上。通常，这样的角度优选地大体上为约100度。
构造根据本发明的装置的传动，使得可以将运动臂22预设在相对向前的位置中以上推肩胛骨，然后，使用者不需要向上推动运动臂22即可单独执行肩胛骨上推。在康复的最初阶段，这一点尤其重要，在康复阶段，通常禁止进行大的上推运动。在肩胛骨上推中，通过特殊的扶手21，即垫子，防止肘关节弯曲，该特殊的扶手21通过特殊的转动机构铰接在运动臂22中。同时，为了最小化斜方肌的“支撑”激活，扶手21支撑使用者的手臂。这很重要，因为肩部患者的斜方肌的上部通常活动过度，而前锯齿肌的激活非常弱。以此方式改善了肌肉激活率。
另外，可以旨在使影响锻炼位置的调节次数最小化，并且装置部件可以由电动机根据存储在存储器中的数据自动调整。因此，由靠背部件10和座位部件11形成的座架在前后方向上调节，而座位部件11在上下方向上调节，以获得最佳的肩关节角度和锻炼位置。
另外，该装置的靠背部件10可以设计成为使用者的肩胛骨向后移动留出空间。这对于有效的肩胛骨上推锻炼特别重要。当进行较大的多关节上推时，在运动的初始位置，肩胛骨向后并朝彼此移动也很重要。如果不是这种情况，肩骨尖端将压在肩关节窝的前边缘，因此可能在重复运动中引起疼痛和糜烂。
该装置可包括集成智能，并且可以通过功率和角度传感器每秒收集大约25次性能数据。该装置允许进行等距测量，这在诊断和康复监测中非常方便。
附图中使用的参考数字
1 框架
2 动力生成设备
10 靠背部件
11 座位部件
21 扶手
22 运动臂
23 第一支撑臂
24 第二支撑臂
30 固定滑轮
31 移动滑轮
32 传动缆线
静止位置的运动臂与靠背之间的α1角度
极限位置的运动臂与靠背之间的α2角度
静止位置的运动臂之间的β1角度
极限位置的运动臂之间的β2角度

Claims (10)

1.一种适于肩部区域的康复和/或锻炼的康复装置，所述装置设有框架(1)，所述框架连接至
-动力生成设备(2)；
-靠背部件(10)；
-座位部件(11)；和
-扶手(21)；
其特征在于，还包括
-第一支撑臂(23)；
-第二支撑臂(24)；和
-运动臂(22)，所述运动臂与所述相应的第一和第二支撑臂连接；
以及在其中
-所述扶手(21)铰接在所述相应的运动臂(22)中；和
-所述动力生成设备(2)与所述运动臂(22)连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的康复装置，其中每个扶手(21)由相应的运动臂(22)和相应的支撑臂(23、24)可移动地支撑在预定的轨迹上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的康复装置，其中所述轨迹从静止位置到极限位置，反之亦然。
4.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的康复装置，其中所述扶手(21)能够相对于彼此同步或异步地移动。
5.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的康复装置，其中所述动力生成设备(2)包括滑轮(31)，所述滑轮能够移动以改变为所述康复装置的不同部件产生的动力。
6.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的康复装置，其中所述康复装置设置有用于将存储的数据传输到所述设备的装置，并且还设置有基于存储的数据自动调整以下至少一项的装置：扶手(21)、运动臂(22)、支撑臂(23、24)、靠背部件(10)、座位部件(11)、动力生成设备(2)和其他部件。
7.根据权利要求6所述的康复装置，其中数据存储在云服务中和/或包含每个使用者的个人数据，以用于调节所述设备。
8.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的康复装置，其特别地适于激活前锯肌(身体两旁锯齿肌)。
9.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的康复装置，其中所述康复装置设置有用于执行等距测量的装置。
10.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的康复装置的用途，其特征在于，使用者将手臂放置在扶手(21)中，并且在预定轨迹上将一个或两个手臂在所述静止位置和所述极限位置之间移动，同时所述扶手(21)支撑使用者的手臂，以最小化支撑斜方肌上部的激活。
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