CN111086312A - 一种防紫外线复合针织面料及其加工方法 - Google Patents

一种防紫外线复合针织面料及其加工方法 Download PDF

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CN111086312A
CN111086312A CN201911226796.1A CN201911226796A CN111086312A CN 111086312 A CN111086312 A CN 111086312A CN 201911226796 A CN201911226796 A CN 201911226796A CN 111086312 A CN111086312 A CN 111086312A
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knitted
ultraviolet
fabric
layer
yarns
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王鸿博
王峰
高卫东
唐家裕
孙丰鑫
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Jiangnan University
Jiangyin Xiangfei Fashion Co Ltd
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Jiangyin Xiangfei Fashion Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种防紫外线复合针织面料，包括从内向外依次层叠的亲肤层、编织网布层、针织基布层，所述亲肤层由水刺无纺布制成，所述编织网布层是由竹炭纤维纱线进行经纬相互交替浮沉编织而成的小网孔网布，所述针织基布层的外表面涂覆有防水透气薄膜，所述针织基布层通过防紫外线纱线针织而成，所述防紫外线纱线为植入氧化锌纳米颗粒的大麻纤维纱线。所述针织基布层和防水透气薄膜之间还设置有弹力编织布层。本发明采用多层复合结构，对皮肤无刺激，亲肤透气性好，防紫外线性能优异，使用寿命长。

Description

一种防紫外线复合针织面料及其加工方法
技术领域
本发明属于纺织的技术领域，具体涉及一种防紫外线复合针织面料及其加工方法。
背景技术
随着生活水平的日益提高，人们对于服装的功能和特性等方面越来越苛求，服装设计师对于功能性面料也就越来越关注。除了考虑服装的生态、舒适、柔软等方面外，还要关注其安全性。人们经常进行户外活动，接受阳光的照射，适度的阳光照射对身体很有好处。但是如果在户外进行长期活动，阳光中的紫外线对身体也会造成一定的伤害。如使皮肤老化产生皱纹，产生斑点，皮肤粗糙，造成皮肤炎甚至皮肤癌等。因此，人们在户外活动时需要服装具有防紫外线功能。市场上有通过在布料表面涂覆防紫外线剂，但该种方式，会造成面料不透气并且耐洗涤性能较差，涂层易被洗掉，还会造成皮肤过敏，并且失去防紫外线的效果。同时，现有的复合织物很多由胶水粘合而成，造成织物柔软性和透气性差。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种防紫外线复合针织面料及其加工方法，针对现有技术中的不足，生产出具有亲肤性好，防紫外线性能优异，使用寿命长，且兼具抗菌抑菌效果的复合结构针织物。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
本发明的第一方面提供了一种防紫外线复合针织面料，包括从内向外依次层叠的亲肤层、编织网布层、针织基布层，所述亲肤层由水刺无纺布制成，所述编织网布层是由竹炭纤维纱线进行经纬相互交替浮沉编织而成的小网孔网布，所述针织基布层的外表面涂覆有防水透气薄膜，所述针织基布层通过防紫外线纱线针织而成，所述防紫外线纱线为植入氧化锌纳米颗粒的大麻纤维纱线。
所述水刺无纺布的纤维原料为蚕丝纤维，即所述亲肤层由蚕丝纤维制成。
所述防水透气薄膜是六甲基二硅醚纳米级涂层膜。
所述针织基布层和防水透气薄膜之间还设置有弹力编织布层。
所述弹力编织布层为平纹组织结构，所述弹力编织布的经纱为超细旦涤纶纱线，纬纱为珍珠纤维纱线。
所述氧化锌纳米颗粒的粒径为2～100nm。
本发明的第二方面提供了一种所述防紫外线复合针织面料的加工方法，包括以下步骤：
将蚕丝纤维制成的水刺无纺布、由竹炭纤维纱线进行经纬相互交替浮沉编织而成的小网孔网布、防紫外线纱线针织而成的针织基布依次退绕，按次序层叠平铺后输入到可实现纵向缝纫的缝纫机或针织机中，将三层织物包缝，通过包缝线实现三层织物的结合；在包缝后织物的针织基布层表面喷涂六甲基二硅醚疏水溶剂，将喷涂后的织物输入到等离子体设备进行涂层的加固，在针织基布层表面形成一层防水透气薄膜，得到所述防紫外线复合针织面料；
或，将蚕丝纤维制成的水刺无纺布、由竹炭纤维纱线进行经纬相互交替浮沉编织而成的小网孔网布、防紫外线纱线针织而成的针织基布、弹力编织布依次退绕，按次序层叠平铺后输入到可实现纵向缝纫的缝纫机或针织机中，将四层织物包缝，通过包缝线实现四层织物的结合；在包缝后织物的弹力编织布层表面喷涂六甲基二硅醚疏水溶剂，将喷涂后的织物输入到等离子体设备进行涂层的加固，在弹力编织布层表面形成一层防水透气薄膜，得到所述防紫外线复合针织面料。
所述针织基布的加工方法如下：将大麻纤维浸润在粒径为2～100nm的氧化锌纳米颗粒的分散溶液中，静置1～128h，取出后自然晾干，将上述带有氧化锌纳米颗粒的大麻纤维采用半空气层组织，通过一横列的纬平针和一横列的满针罗纹交替编织成针织基布。
所述分散溶液的溶剂为乙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯。
所述弹力编织布为平纹组织结构，所述弹力编织布的经纱为超细旦涤纶纱线，纬纱为珍珠纤维纱线。
所述等离子体设备为低压等离子体设备，工作气压为：1-3×10-2mbar，所通入的气体为氩气、氦气等惰性气体的一种，处理时间为5-10min，处理功率为50-150W。
由于采用上述技术方案，本发明具有以下优点和有益效果：
本发明所用针织基布通过植入氧化锌纳米颗粒的大麻纤维纱线针织而成，采用半空气层组织，通过一横列的纬平针和一横列的满针罗纹交替编织而成。所述植入氧化锌纳米颗粒的大麻纤维纱线是通过将大麻纤维浸润在氧化锌纳米颗粒的分散溶液中，大麻纤维中心有细长的空腔并与纤维表面纵向分布着的许多裂纹和小空洞相连，能够很好的容纳氧化锌纳米颗粒，使氧化锌纳米颗粒附着在大麻纤维表面。
本发明采用植入氧化锌纳米颗粒的大麻纤维纱线进行针织，编织成针织基布，配合亲肤层、编织网布、弹力编织布、针织基布和防水透气薄膜，生产出具有亲肤性好，防紫外线性能优异，使用寿命长，且兼具抗菌抑菌效果的复合结构针织物。
本发明采用多层复合结构，对皮肤无刺激，亲肤透气性好，防紫外线性能优异，使用寿命长。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本发明，下面结合优选实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。本领域技术人员应当理解，下面所具体描述的内容是说明性的而非限制性的，不应以此限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
一种防紫外线复合针织面料的加工方法，包括以下步骤：将蚕丝纤维制成的水刺无纺布、由竹炭纤维纱线进行经纬相互交替浮沉编织而成的小网孔网布、防紫外线纱线针织而成的针织基布依次退绕，按次序层叠平铺后输入到可实现纵向缝纫的缝纫机或针织机中，将三层织物包缝，通过包缝线实现三层织物的结合；在包缝后织物的针织基布层表面喷涂六甲基二硅醚疏水溶剂，将喷涂后的织物输入到等离子体设备进行涂层的加固，在针织基布层表面形成一层防水透气薄膜，得到所述防紫外线复合针织面料；
所述针织基布的加工方法如下：将大麻纤维浸润在粒径为2～100nm的氧化锌纳米颗粒的分散溶液(乙醇)中，静置72h，取出后自然晾干，将上述带有氧化锌纳米颗粒的大麻纤维采用半空气层组织，通过一横列的纬平针和一横列的满针罗纹交替编织成针织基布。
所述等离子体设备为低压等离子体设备，工作气压为：1-3×10-2mbar，所通入的气体为氩气、氦气等惰性气体的一种，处理时间为5-10min，处理功率为50-150W。
本实施例制备的防紫外线复合针织面料，包括从内向外依次层叠的亲肤层、编织网布层、针织基布层，所述亲肤层由水刺无纺布制成，所述编织网布层是由竹炭纤维纱线进行经纬相互交替浮沉编织而成的小网孔网布，所述针织基布层的外表面涂覆有防水透气薄膜，所述针织基布层通过防紫外线纱线针织而成，所述防紫外线纱线为植入氧化锌纳米颗粒的大麻纤维纱线。
所述水刺无纺布的纤维原料为蚕丝纤维，即所述亲肤层由蚕丝纤维制成。
所述防水透气薄膜是六甲基二硅醚纳米级涂层膜。
所述氧化锌纳米颗粒的粒径为2～100nm。
本实施例中以蚕丝水刺无纺布作为亲肤层，亲肤透气性好，能够保持皮肤表面湿度，减弱阳光照射伤害。
编织网布层为由竹炭纤维纱线进行经纬相互交替浮沉编织而成的小网孔网布。编织网布与水刺无纺布复合强度好，编织网布的竹炭纤维纱线，吸湿透气好，抗菌抑菌效果好，同时竹炭纤维对200-400nm的紫外线透过率几乎为零，而这一波长的紫外线对人体的伤害最大，因此，本发明中编织网布层也具有良好的抗紫外线功能。
本实施例中针织基布层通过防紫外线纱线针织而成，为了保证良好的透气性，同时降低阳光的透过率，针织基布采用半空气层组织，通过一横列的纬平针和一横列的满针罗纹交替编织而成。防紫外线纱线为植入氧化锌纳米颗粒的大麻纤维纱线。通过将大麻纤维浸润在氧化锌纳米颗粒的分散溶液中，大麻纤维中心有细长的空腔并与纤维表面纵向分布着的许多裂纹和小空洞相连，能够很好的容纳氧化锌纳米颗粒，使氧化锌纳米颗粒附着在大麻纤维表面。
所述防水透气薄膜为六甲基二硅醚纳米级涂层膜，其制作步骤包括为在包缝后的织物的针织基布表面喷涂疏水溶剂，将喷涂后的织物输入到等离子体设备进行涂层的加固，所述疏水溶剂为六甲基二硅醚或表面能更低的有机溶剂，所述等离子体设备为低压等离子体设备，工作气压为：1-3×10-2mbar，所通入的气体为氩气、氦气等惰性气体的一种，处理时间为5-10min，处理功率为50-150W。
将该防紫外线面料进行抗紫外线性能测试，得到其紫外线防护系数(UPF)为82.9，紫外线透过率(UVA)为3.26。
实施例2
一种防紫外线复合针织面料的加工方法，包括以下步骤：将蚕丝纤维制成的水刺无纺布、由竹炭纤维纱线进行经纬相互交替浮沉编织而成的小网孔网布、防紫外线纱线针织而成的针织基布、弹力编织布依次退绕，按次序层叠平铺后输入到可实现纵向缝纫的缝纫机或针织机中，将四层织物包缝，通过包缝线实现四层织物的结合；在包缝后织物的弹力编织布层表面喷涂六甲基二硅醚疏水溶剂，将喷涂后的织物输入到等离子体设备进行涂层的加固，在弹力编织布层表面形成一层防水透气薄膜，得到所述防紫外线复合针织面料。
所述针织基布的加工方法如下：将大麻纤维浸润在粒径为2～100nm的氧化锌纳米颗粒的分散溶液(乙醇)中，静置72h，取出后自然晾干，将上述带有氧化锌纳米颗粒的大麻纤维采用半空气层组织，通过一横列的纬平针和一横列的满针罗纹交替编织成针织基布。
所述等离子体设备为低压等离子体设备，工作气压为：1-3×10-2mbar，所通入的气体为氩气、氦气等惰性气体的一种，处理时间为5-10min，处理功率为50-150W。
本发明制备的防紫外线复合针织面料，包括从内向外依次层叠的亲肤层、编织网布层、针织基布层、弹力编织布层，所述亲肤层由水刺无纺布制成，所述编织网布层是由竹炭纤维纱线进行经纬相互交替浮沉编织而成的小网孔网布，所述针织基布层的外表面涂覆有防水透气薄膜，所述针织基布层通过防紫外线纱线针织而成，所述防紫外线纱线为植入氧化锌纳米颗粒的大麻纤维纱线。
所述水刺无纺布的纤维原料为蚕丝纤维，即所述亲肤层由蚕丝纤维制成。
所述防水透气薄膜是六甲基二硅醚纳米级涂层膜。
所述弹力编织布层为平纹组织结构，所述弹力编织布的经纱为超细旦涤纶纱线，纬纱为珍珠纤维纱线。
所述氧化锌纳米颗粒的粒径为2～100nm。
将该防紫外线面料进行抗紫外线性能测试，得到其紫外线防护系数(UPF)为78.9，紫外线透过率(UVA)为4.34。
实施例3
一种防紫外线复合针织面料的加工方法，包括以下步骤：
将蚕丝纤维制成的水刺无纺布、由竹炭纤维纱线进行经纬相互交替浮沉编织而成的小网孔网布、防紫外线纱线针织而成的针织基布依次退绕，按次序层叠平铺后输入到可实现纵向缝纫的缝纫机或针织机中，将三层织物包缝，通过包缝线实现三层织物的结合；在包缝后织物的针织基布层表面喷涂六甲基二硅醚疏水溶剂，将喷涂后的织物输入到等离子体设备进行涂层的加固，在针织基布层表面形成一层防水透气薄膜，得到所述防紫外线复合针织面料。
所述针织基布的加工方法如下：将大麻纤维浸润在粒径为2～100nm的氧化锌纳米颗粒的分散溶液(乙醇)中，静置128h，取出后自然晾干，将上述带有氧化锌纳米颗粒的大麻纤维采用半空气层组织，通过一横列的纬平针和一横列的满针罗纹交替编织成针织基布。
所述等离子体设备为低压等离子体设备，工作气压为：1-3×10-2mbar，所通入的气体为氩气、氦气等惰性气体的一种，处理时间为5-10min，处理功率为50-150W。
本实施例制备的防紫外线复合针织面料，包括从内向外依次层叠的亲肤层、编织网布层、针织基布层，所述亲肤层由水刺无纺布制成，所述编织网布层是由竹炭纤维纱线进行经纬相互交替浮沉编织而成的小网孔网布，所述针织基布层的外表面涂覆有防水透气薄膜，所述针织基布层通过防紫外线纱线针织而成，所述防紫外线纱线为植入氧化锌纳米颗粒的大麻纤维纱线。
所述水刺无纺布的纤维原料为蚕丝纤维，即所述亲肤层由蚕丝纤维制成。
所述防水透气薄膜是六甲基二硅醚纳米级涂层膜。
所述氧化锌纳米颗粒的粒径为2～100nm。
将该防紫外线面料进行抗紫外线性能测试，得到其紫外线防护系数(UPF)为85.3，紫外线透过率(UVA)为3.15。
以上所述仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本发明，任何熟悉本专利的技术人员在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内，当可利用上述提示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例，但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明方案的范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种防紫外线复合针织面料，其特征在于，包括从内向外依次层叠的亲肤层、编织网布层、针织基布层，所述亲肤层由水刺无纺布制成，所述编织网布层是由竹炭纤维纱线进行经纬相互交替浮沉编织而成的小网孔网布，所述针织基布层的外表面涂覆有防水透气薄膜，所述针织基布层通过防紫外线纱线针织而成，所述防紫外线纱线为植入氧化锌纳米颗粒的大麻纤维纱线。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防紫外线复合针织面料，其特征在于，所述水刺无纺布的纤维原料为蚕丝纤维，即所述亲肤层由蚕丝纤维制成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的防紫外线复合针织面料，其特征在于，所述防水透气薄膜是六甲基二硅醚纳米级涂层膜。
4.根据权利要求1所述的防紫外线复合针织面料，其特征在于，所述针织基布层和防水透气薄膜之间还设置有弹力编织布层。
5.根据权利要求4所述的防紫外线复合针织面料，其特征在于，所述弹力编织布层为平纹组织结构，所述弹力编织布的经纱为超细旦涤纶纱线，纬纱为珍珠纤维纱线；
所述氧化锌纳米颗粒的粒径为2～100nm。
6.一种权利要求1至5任一项所述的防紫外线复合针织面料的加工方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
将蚕丝纤维制成的水刺无纺布、由竹炭纤维纱线进行经纬相互交替浮沉编织而成的小网孔网布、防紫外线纱线针织而成的针织基布依次退绕，按次序层叠平铺后输入到可实现纵向缝纫的缝纫机或针织机中，将三层织物包缝，通过包缝线实现三层织物的结合；在包缝后织物的针织基布层表面喷涂六甲基二硅醚疏水溶剂，将喷涂后的织物输入到等离子体设备进行涂层的加固，在针织基布层表面形成一层防水透气薄膜，得到所述防紫外线复合针织面料；
或，将蚕丝纤维制成的水刺无纺布、由竹炭纤维纱线进行经纬相互交替浮沉编织而成的小网孔网布、防紫外线纱线针织而成的针织基布、弹力编织布依次退绕，按次序层叠平铺后输入到可实现纵向缝纫的缝纫机或针织机中，将四层织物包缝，通过包缝线实现四层织物的结合；在包缝后织物的弹力编织布层表面喷涂六甲基二硅醚疏水溶剂，将喷涂后的织物输入到等离子体设备进行涂层的加固，在弹力编织布层表面形成一层防水透气薄膜，得到所述防紫外线复合针织面料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的防紫外线复合针织面料的加工方法，其特征在于，所述针织基布的加工方法如下：将大麻纤维浸润在粒径为2～100nm的氧化锌纳米颗粒的分散溶液中，静置1～128h，取出后自然晾干，将上述带有氧化锌纳米颗粒的大麻纤维采用半空气层组织，通过一横列的纬平针和一横列的满针罗纹交替编织成针织基布。
8.根据权利要求7所述的防紫外线复合针织面料的加工方法，其特征在于，所述分散溶液的溶剂为乙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯。
9.根据权利要求6所述的防紫外线复合针织面料的加工方法，其特征在于，所述弹力编织布为平纹组织结构，所述弹力编织布的经纱为超细旦涤纶纱线，纬纱为珍珠纤维纱线。
10.根据权利要求6所述的防紫外线复合针织面料的加工方法，其特征在于，所述等离子体设备为低压等离子体设备，工作气压为：1-3×10-2mbar，所通入的气体为氩气、氦气等惰性气体的一种，处理时间为5-10min，处理功率为50-150W。
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