CN111085900B - Low-glossiness archaized brick and polishing method thereof - Google Patents
Low-glossiness archaized brick and polishing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111085900B CN111085900B CN201911333971.7A CN201911333971A CN111085900B CN 111085900 B CN111085900 B CN 111085900B CN 201911333971 A CN201911333971 A CN 201911333971A CN 111085900 B CN111085900 B CN 111085900B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
- B24B19/22—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B29/00—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
- B24B29/02—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
- C09G1/02—Polishing compositions containing abrasives or grinding agents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polishing method of a low-glossiness archaized brick, which comprises the following steps: firstly, 100-plus-500-mesh resin grinding discs are adopted for coarse grinding, then 600-plus-2000-mesh resin grinding discs are adopted for fine grinding, and finally 150-plus-300-mesh fiber grinding wheels are adopted for polishing; wherein, water is introduced in the coarse grinding process; and introducing polishing solution in the fine grinding and polishing processes. The polishing solution is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of modified alumina, 20-30 parts of silicon dioxide, 55-65 parts of water, 2-5 parts of a silane coupling agent, 5-8 parts of a dispersing agent, 0.5-5 parts of a surfactant, 1-5 parts of an organic base and 0.5-5 parts of a passivating agent. The polishing method reduces the roughness of the surface of the antique brick and improves the antifouling property of the antique brick; but does not improve the glossiness of the surface of the antique brick, so that the natural stone imitation effect is more vivid and the decorative performance is outstanding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic tiles, in particular to a low-glossiness archaized tile and a polishing method thereof.
Background
The antique brick is a glazed brick with antique effect, has unique glaze and classical flavor, and is a product popular with consumers. With the progress of the technology, the antique brick gradually expands various glaze effects, such as a wood antique brick, a carpet antique brick and a natural stone antique brick; the main research direction at present is to imitate the natural stone grains. However, the gloss of natural stone is widely distributed within 2-60 degrees; how to obtain the antique bricks with various glossiness through the adjustment of the process and the formula is a technical problem to be solved.
On the other hand, matte bricks, soft bricks and glossy bricks are currently on the market in terms of glossiness; the matte brick generally refers to a brick with the gloss of 10-30 degrees; the soft light brick is a brick with the glossiness of 30-60 degrees; the bright brick refers to a brick with the glossiness of more than 60 degrees; wherein, soft light brick and inferior light brick mainly regard archaize brick to and a small amount of polished tile. The bright brick mainly comprises a polished brick and a full-polished glaze.
At present, the main method for changing the surface glossiness of the ceramic tile is polishing, and generally, grinding heads with different meshes and water are adopted to polish the surface glaze layer of the ceramic tile so as to obtain ceramic tile glaze surfaces with different glossiness. However, in the conventional polishing process, in order to achieve higher glossiness (more than 60 degrees), the polishing amount of the surface of the ceramic tile is higher, a large amount of waste residues are generated, and meanwhile, the surface of the ceramic tile is excessively smooth and is not resistant to pollution. For improvement, the ceramic industry develops a semi-polishing (soft polishing) technology, and the obtained brick body has low glossiness, such as soft tiles, matt tiles (satin tiles) and the like. However, the prior production technology is difficult to produce ceramic tiles with the gloss degree of 2-10 degrees by polishing.
Further, for the polishing process, in addition to ensuring glossiness, it is necessary to ensure consideration of roughness of the surface after polishing, presence or absence of waviness of the surface, and the like. The technical common knowledge of a person skilled in the art is: only by increasing the number of polishing times and reducing the particle size of the grinding media can the roughness and the glossiness be reduced; i.e. the gloss and the roughness are varied synchronously. Namely, the brick with lower glossiness has higher surface roughness, better anti-skid performance and poorer stain resistance; the brick with higher glossiness has lower surface roughness, poorer anti-skid performance and better stain resistance. That is, it is difficult to simultaneously achieve low gloss and low roughness in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a polishing method of a low-glossiness archaized brick, which can effectively polish the glaze surface of the archaized brick, so that the glossiness of the glaze surface of the archaized brick is less than or equal to 10 ℃, and the surface roughness of the glaze surface of the archaized brick is less than or equal to 200 nm.
The invention also aims to solve the technical problem of providing the antique brick with low glossiness.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention discloses a polishing method of a low-glossiness archaized brick, which comprises the following steps:
(1) providing an antique brick body, wherein the antique brick body comprises a bottom blank layer, and a bottom glaze layer, a pattern layer and a particle glaze layer which are sequentially arranged on the bottom blank layer;
(2) adopting a resin grinding sheet with 100-500 meshes to perform coarse grinding on the archaized brick blank; introducing water in the coarse grinding process;
(3) fine grinding is carried out on the archaized brick blank body by adopting a 600-2000-mesh resin grinding sheet; introducing polishing solution in the fine grinding process;
(4) polishing the archaized brick blank by using a 150-plus-300-mesh fiber grinding wheel to obtain the low-glossiness archaized brick; introducing polishing solution in the polishing process;
the polishing solution is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
5-15 parts of modified alumina, 20-30 parts of silicon dioxide, 55-65 parts of water, 2-5 parts of a silane coupling agent, 5-8 parts of a dispersing agent, 0.5-5 parts of a surfactant, 1-5 parts of an organic base and 0.5-5 parts of a passivating agent.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, in the step (2), resin grinding plates of 240 meshes, 300 meshes and 400 meshes are sequentially adopted to carry out coarse grinding on the archaized brick blank;
the rotating speed of the resin grinding piece in the coarse grinding process is 1000-3000rpm, the pressure of the resin grinding piece on the archaized brick blank body is 0.2-0.5MPa, and the flow rate of the introduced water is 300-1000 mL/min.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, in the step (3), resin grinding sheets of 600 meshes, 800 meshes, 1000 meshes and 1200 meshes are sequentially adopted to finely grind the archaized brick blank;
the rotating speed of the resin grinding sheet in the fine grinding process is 1000-3000rpm, the pressure of the resin grinding sheet on the archaized brick blank body is 0.1-0.3MPa, and the flow of the introduced polishing solution is 100-500 mL/min.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, in the step (4), polishing the archaized brick blank by sequentially adopting 180-mesh and 240-mesh fiber grinding wheels;
the rotating speed of the fiber grinding wheel is 2000-5000rpm in the polishing process, the pressure of the fiber grinding wheel on the archaized brick blank is 0.1-0.3MPa, and the flow of the introduced polishing solution is 50-200 mL/min.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the glossiness of the archaized brick blank is 2-5 degrees, and the surface roughness is more than or equal to 10 microns;
the glossiness of the polished archaized brick blank is 2-10 degrees, and the surface roughness is less than or equal to 200 nm.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the modified alumina is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
70-85% of aluminum oxide, 0.5-5% of amino silane coupling agent, 8-15% of organic solvent and 2-10% of water;
wherein the average particle size of the modified alumina is 10-100nm, and the average particle size of the modified silicon dioxide is 5-20 nm;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing an aminosilane coupling agent, water and an organic solvent, and reacting for 20-60min at 50-80 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) mixing the mixed solution with alumina, stirring and mixing for 20-40 minutes at 60-90 ℃ to obtain the modified alumina.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the organic solvent is one or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol and acetone;
the aminosilane coupling agent is one or more of gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and gamma-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the silane coupling agent is gamma-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane and/or gamma-mercaptopropyl triethoxysilane;
the dispersing agent is one or more of ethylene glycol, glycerol and polyethylene glycol;
the surfactant is one or more of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, polyoxyethylene alkanolamide, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfate;
the organic base is one or more of dihydroxyethyl ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, ethylenediamine and diethanolamine;
the passivating agent is benzotriazole.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the preparation method of the polishing solution comprises:
(1) preparing modified alumina;
(2) uniformly mixing silicon dioxide, a silane coupling agent and a dispersing agent, and carrying out ball milling for 0.2-1h to obtain treated silicon dioxide;
(3) uniformly mixing the modified alumina and the treated silicon dioxide, heating to 90-120 ℃, and reacting for 0.5-1h to obtain composite abrasive particles;
(4) adding a surfactant into water, stirring uniformly, adding composite abrasive particles, and adding a passivating agent and organic alkali while stirring to obtain the finished product of the polishing solution for the archaized brick.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a low-glossiness archaized brick which is obtained by the polishing method; the glossiness of the low-glossiness archaized brick is 2-10 degrees, and the surface roughness is less than or equal to 200 nm.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a polishing method of an antique brick, which is characterized in that the surface of the antique brick is subjected to coarse grinding, fine grinding and polishing in sequence by adopting different polishing liquids and polishing abrasive discs/grinding wheels with different granularities, so that the roughness of the surface of the antique brick is reduced, and the antifouling property of the antique brick is improved; but does not improve the glossiness of the surface of the antique brick, so that the natural stone imitation effect is more vivid and the decorative performance is outstanding.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a low gloss archaized tile polishing method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for preparing the polishing slurry of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is only noted that the invention is intended to be limited to the specific forms set forth herein, including any reference to the drawings, as well as any other specific forms of embodiments of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a polishing method of a low-gloss antique brick, which comprises the steps of:
s1: providing an archaized brick blank;
wherein, the antique green brick is prepared by pulverizing, distributing, pressing, drying, applying ground coat, ink-jet printing or silk-screen printing, applying particle glaze and sintering;
after firing and before polishing, the glossiness of the antique brick body is 2-5 degrees, and the surface roughness is more than or equal to 10 mu m.
It should be noted that, on the surface of some conventional ceramic tiles, such as full-polished tiles, etc., the glaze layer generally includes ground glaze, printed patterns, overglaze or ground glaze, inkjet patterns, particle glaze and overglaze. Thus, during polishing, it is the glaze layer that is polished. In the existing research and development process, in order to endow the archaized brick with some special functions, such as generating negative ions, preventing skidding, imitating fine natural stone and the like, the particle glaze applied on the surface of the archaized brick is not provided with a surface glaze layer. Therefore, in the polishing process, the particle glaze layer is directly polished. The technical personnel in the field know that, in the particle glaze, a large amount of mica particles are often contained, the hardness is small, and the whole is easily damaged by brittleness to form pits in the polishing process, so that a large amount of grinding and polishing work is often needed in the later period to achieve the aim of reducing the roughness, but the glossiness of the archaized brick can be synchronously improved. In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following polishing process:
s2: adopting a resin grinding sheet with 100-500 meshes to perform coarse grinding on the archaized brick blank;
specifically, resin grinding plates of 240 meshes, 300 meshes and 400 meshes are sequentially adopted to carry out coarse grinding on the archaized brick blank; the invention has no limit to the concrete material and model of the resin abrasive disc. For example, a series of resin abrasive sheets manufactured by Quanzhou grinding tools, Inc. can be used, but not limited thereto.
In the coarse grinding process, the rotating speed of the resin grinding piece is 1000-3000rpm, and the pressure of the resin grinding piece on the archaized brick blank body is 0.2-0.5 MPa; water is introduced in the coarse grinding process, and the flow rate is 300-1000 mL/min. Preferably, the rotating speed of the resin grinding piece is 1000-2000rpm, the pressure of the resin grinding piece on the archaized brick blank body is 0.3-0.5MPa, and the flow rate of the introduced water is 500-800 mL/min.
It should be noted that, in the grinding process of the conventional ceramic tile, a silicon carbide/diamond grinding disc with a particle size of less than 100 meshes is generally used for rough grinding, and then resin floppy discs with different specifications are used for polishing. However, since the hardness of the silicon carbide or diamond disk is so high that the mica in the particle glaze is liable to be brittle and broken during polishing to be taken out as a whole to form small pits, a large number of fine polishing works are required to eliminate adverse effects of the pits on the roughness during the later polishing, which causes problems of an increase in the gloss and a decrease in the roughness. The invention does not have the coarse grinding process, directly adopts the resin abrasive disc for coarse grinding, and takes water as a grinding medium, which can reduce the surface roughness without carrying out the particles in the particle glaze.
S3: fine grinding is carried out on the archaized brick blank body by adopting a 600-2000-mesh resin grinding sheet;
specifically, resin grinding sheets of 600 meshes, 800 meshes, 1000 meshes and 1200 meshes are sequentially adopted to carry out fine grinding on the archaized brick blank;
the rotating speed of the resin grinding piece in the fine grinding process is 1000-3000rpm, and the pressure of the resin grinding piece on the archaized brick blank body is 0.1-0.3 MPa; the polishing solution is introduced during the fine grinding process, and the flow rate is 100-500 mL/min. Preferably, the rotating speed of the resin grinding sheet is 1500-.
Specifically, the polishing solution for the antique brick is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of modified alumina, 20-30 parts of silicon dioxide, 55-65 parts of water, 2-5 parts of a silane coupling agent, 5-8 parts of a dispersing agent, 0.5-5 parts of a surfactant, 1-5 parts of an organic base and 0.5-5 parts of a passivating agent;
in the formula of the polishing solution, the modified alumina is a main grinding medium; because the hardness of the alumina is higher, the surface to be polished can be damaged to a greater extent in the grinding process; therefore, the invention modifies the alumina to improve the elastic modulus. Specifically, the modified alumina is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
70-85% of aluminum oxide, 0.5-5% of amino silane coupling agent, 8-15% of organic solvent and 2-10% of water;
the preparation method of the modified alumina comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing an aminosilane coupling agent, water and an organic solvent, and reacting for 20-60min at 50-80 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) mixing the mixed solution with alumina, stirring and mixing for 20-40 minutes at 60-90 ℃ to obtain the modified alumina.
By the process, aminosilane can be loaded on the surface of alumina, so that silica can be conveniently and uniformly loaded on the surface of the alumina at a later stage, and the property of the alumina abrasive grain is changed.
In the formula of the modified alumina, the alumina is alpha-Al2O3、β-Al2O3、γ-Al2O3But is not limited thereto. The particle size of the alumina is 10-100nm, preferably 50-100 nm; the aluminum oxide with the granularity has a good grinding effect, and the polishing efficiency is improved.
In the formula of the modified alumina, the aminosilane coupling agent is one or more of gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and gamma-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane; preferably, N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane is selected, has high amino group content in the structure, can be effectively combined with alumina, and can be conveniently connected with silicon dioxide at the later stage. The amount of aminosilane coupling agent is 0.5-5%, preferably 1-3%.
In the formula of the modified alumina, the organic solvent is one or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol and acetone; preferably, propanol is selected; the boiling point is higher, and higher temperature can be adopted in the reaction process to promote the reaction of the alumina and the amino silane coupling agent. The amount of the organic solvent is 8-15%, preferably 10-15%.
In the formula of the polishing solution, the added weight portion of the silicon dioxide is 20-30 portions, and the average grain diameter is 5-20 nm; silica with smaller particle size is adopted and modified by a silane coupling agent, and can be well loaded on the outer layer of the modified alumina abrasive particles, so that the polishing solution disclosed by the invention can effectively reduce the surface roughness of the archaized brick, but does not improve the surface glossiness of the archaized brick. Preferably, the particle size of the silica is 10-20 nm.
Preferably, in order to improve the polishing effect of the polishing solution for the antique brick, the weight ratio of the silicon dioxide to the modified alumina is controlled to be (1.5-5): 1, preferably (2-3): 1; the silica in this ratio range can better cover the surface of the alumina abrasive grains.
In the formula of the polishing solution, a silane coupling agent selects gamma-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane and/or gamma-mercaptopropyl triethoxysilane; the two silane coupling agents can react with an aminosilane coupling agent loaded on the surface of modified alumina under a certain condition, so that silica with smaller particle size is loaded on the surface of the alumina. Preferably, the silane coupling agent is gamma-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane. The adding weight portion of the silane coupling agent is 2-5 portions.
In the formula of the polishing solution, the dispersing agent is one or more of ethylene glycol, glycerol and polyethylene glycol; the dispersing agent can promote the dispersion of the silica, thereby promoting the modification of the silica by the silane coupling agent. Preferably, the dispersant is polyethylene glycol, such as PEG200, PEG400, PEG600, and the like, but is not limited thereto. The addition weight portion of the dispersant is 5-8 portions.
In the formula of the polishing solution, the organic base is one or more of hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, ethylenediamine and diethanolamine; the glaze layer of the surface of the antique brick contains a large amount of glass, and the glaze layer can be greatly damaged by adopting inorganic alkali with strong alkalinity, so that the organic alkali has a certain buffering effect and can also adjust the pH value of the polishing solution. Preferably, the organic base is diethanolamine. The organic base is added in 1-5 weight portions, preferably 2-4 weight portions.
In the polishing solution formulation of the present invention, benzotriazole can be used as the passivating agent, but is not limited thereto. The passivant is added in 0.5-5 parts by weight, preferably 1-3 parts by weight.
Because the main abrasive particles in the polishing solution are alumina with silica loaded on the surface, the abrasive particles are easy to agglomerate, flocculate and delaminate, and the polishing solution is unstable. For this purpose, the polishing solution of the present invention further contains 0.5 to 5 parts, preferably 2 to 5 parts, of a surfactant. Specifically, the surfactant may be a nonionic surfactant and/or an anionic surfactant. Anions generated by the ionization of the anionic surfactant can be mutually exclusive with hydroxyl on the surface of the abrasive particles, so that the phenomena of agglomeration, flocculation and delamination do not occur.
Wherein, the nonionic surfactant is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene alkanolamide, etc., but is not limited thereto; anionic surfactants such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, etc., but not limited thereto. Preferably, a mixture of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is selected; and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether: sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate ═ 1 (2-3).
In order to play the role of the polishing solution for the antique brick, the following preparation method is combined; referring to fig. 2, the preparation method of the polishing solution for the archaized brick of the invention comprises the following steps:
s100: preparing modified alumina;
specifically, S1 includes:
s101: uniformly mixing an aminosilane coupling agent, water and an organic solvent, and reacting for 20-60min at 50-80 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
specifically, the mixing temperature is controlled to be lower than 80 ℃ so as to reduce the volatilization amount of the organic solvent as much as possible; the dispersibility of the system is enhanced.
S102: mixing the mixed solution with alumina, stirring and mixing for 20-40 minutes at 60-90 ℃ to obtain the modified alumina.
Specifically, the reaction temperature is 60-90 ℃, and the organic solvent and water can be gradually evaporated within the range; thereby effectively bonding the aminosilane coupling agent on the surface of the alumina abrasive particles.
S200: uniformly mixing silicon dioxide, a silane coupling agent and a dispersing agent, and carrying out ball milling for 0.2-1h to obtain treated silicon dioxide;
the silica and the silane coupling agent can be well combined through a ball milling loading process.
S300: uniformly mixing the modified alumina and the treated silicon dioxide, heating to 90-120 ℃, and reacting for 0.5-1h to obtain composite abrasive particles;
specifically, at this temperature, the amino coupling agent on the surface of the modified alumina reacts with the silane coupling agent in the treated silica, so that the silica is supported on the surface of the alumina, and the elastic modulus of the abrasive particles is improved.
S400: adding a surfactant into water, stirring uniformly, adding composite abrasive particles, and adding a passivating agent and organic alkali while stirring to obtain the finished product of the polishing solution for the archaized brick.
S4: polishing the archaized brick blank by using a 150-plus-300-mesh fiber grinding wheel to obtain the low-glossiness archaized brick;
specifically, the archaized brick blank is polished by sequentially adopting 180-mesh and 240-mesh fiber grinding wheels.
The rotating speed of the fiber grinding wheel is 2000-5000rpm in the polishing process, the pressure of the fiber grinding wheel on the archaized brick blank is 0.1-0.3MPa, and the polishing solution is introduced in the polishing process, wherein the flow rate of the polishing solution is 50-200 mL/min.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a low-glossiness archaized brick which is obtained by adopting the polishing method; the glossiness is 2-10 degrees, and the surface roughness is less than or equal to 200 nm; meanwhile, the static friction coefficient is more than or equal to 0.7, and the surface stain resistance is more than or equal to grade 3.
The invention is illustrated below in specific examples:
example 1
The embodiment provides a polishing method of a low-glossiness archaized brick, which comprises the following steps:
(1) providing an antique brick body, wherein the antique brick body comprises a bottom blank layer, and a bottom glaze layer, a pattern layer and a particle glaze layer which are sequentially arranged on the bottom blank layer;
(2) adopting a resin grinding sheet with 100-500 meshes to perform coarse grinding on the archaized brick blank; introducing water in the coarse grinding process;
specifically, resin grinding discs of 100 meshes, 200 meshes, 300 meshes, 400 meshes and 500 meshes are adopted in sequence for coarse grinding; the rotational speed of the grinding disc is 3000rpm, the pressure is 0.4MPa, and the water flow is 1000 mL/min.
(3) Fine grinding is carried out on the archaized brick blank body by adopting a 600-2000-mesh resin grinding sheet; introducing polishing solution in the fine grinding process;
wherein, resin grinding sheets of 600 meshes, 800 meshes, 1000 meshes, 1400 meshes and 1800 meshes are sequentially adopted for fine grinding; the rotating speed of a grinding disc is 1000rpm, the pressure is 0.1MPa, and the flow of introduced polishing solution is 500 mL/min;
(4) polishing the archaized brick blank by using a 150-plus-300-mesh fiber grinding wheel to obtain the low-glossiness archaized brick; introducing polishing solution in the polishing process;
wherein, fiber grinding wheels of 200 meshes and 300 meshes are adopted for polishing in sequence; the rotation speed of the grinding wheel is 5000rpm, the pressure is 0.1MPa, and the flow of the polishing solution is 100 mL/min.
The formula of the polishing solution is as follows:
10 parts of modified alumina, 20 parts of silicon dioxide, 55 parts of water, 4 parts of gamma-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, 6 parts of PEG 6006, 3 parts of surfactant, 1 part of diethanolamine and 1 part of benzotriazole;
the formula of the modified alumina is as follows:
75% of aluminum oxide, 4.5% of N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 13.5% of propanol and 7% of water;
wherein the alumina is alpha-Al2O3The average particle size is 90 nm; the average particle size of the silicon dioxide is 10 nm; the surfactant is a mixture of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether: twelve aspectsSodium alkyl benzene sulfonate 1: 3.
The preparation method of the polishing solution comprises the following steps:
(1.1) preparing modified alumina;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1.1.1) uniformly mixing an aminosilane coupling agent, water and an organic solvent, and reacting for 30min at 70 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
(1.1.2) mixing the mixed solution with alumina, and stirring and mixing the mixture for 30 minutes at 80 ℃ to obtain modified alumina;
(1.2) uniformly mixing silicon dioxide, a silane coupling agent and a dispersing agent, and carrying out ball milling for 0.3h to obtain treated silicon dioxide;
(1.3) uniformly mixing the modified alumina and the treated silicon dioxide, heating to 115 ℃, and reacting for 0.6h to obtain the composite abrasive particles;
and (1.4) adding a surfactant into water, uniformly stirring, adding the composite abrasive particles, and then adding a passivating agent and organic alkali while stirring to obtain the finished product of the polishing solution for the archaized brick.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a polishing method of a low-glossiness archaized brick, which comprises the following steps:
(1) providing an antique brick body, wherein the antique brick body comprises a bottom blank layer, and a bottom glaze layer, a pattern layer and a particle glaze layer which are sequentially arranged on the bottom blank layer;
(2) adopting a resin grinding sheet with 100-500 meshes to perform coarse grinding on the archaized brick blank; introducing water in the coarse grinding process;
specifically, resin grinding plates of 240 meshes, 300 meshes and 400 meshes are adopted for coarse grinding in sequence; the rotational speed of the grinding disc is 1500rpm, the pressure is 0.4MPa, and the water flow is 700 mL/min.
(3) Fine grinding is carried out on the archaized brick blank body by adopting a 600-2000-mesh resin grinding sheet; introducing polishing solution in the fine grinding process;
wherein, resin grinding sheets of 600 meshes, 800 meshes, 1000 meshes and 1200 meshes are sequentially adopted for fine powder grinding; the rotating speed of a grinding disc is 2000rpm, the pressure is 0.1MPa, and the flow of introduced polishing solution is 400 mL/min;
(4) polishing the archaized brick blank by using a 150-plus-300-mesh fiber grinding wheel to obtain the low-glossiness archaized brick; introducing polishing solution in the polishing process;
wherein, the fiber grinding wheels of 180 meshes and 240 meshes are adopted for polishing in sequence; the rotation speed of the grinding wheel is 4000rpm, the pressure is 0.2MPa, and the flow of the polishing solution is 150 mL/min.
The formula and preparation method of the polishing solution are the same as those of example 1.
Comparative example 1
The present comparative example provides a polishing method of an archaized tile, comprising:
(1) providing an archaized brick blank; the antique brick body comprises a bottom blank layer, and a bottom glaze layer, a pattern layer and a particle glaze layer which are sequentially arranged on the bottom blank layer;
(2) adopting 30-mesh and 80-mesh silicon carbide grinding wheels to perform coarse grinding on the archaized brick blank; introducing 1000mL/min of water in the coarse grinding process, and controlling the pressure to be 0.2 MPa; the rotating speed of the grinding wheel is controlled to be 1000 rpm;
(3) resin grinding sheets of 200 meshes, 300 meshes, 400 meshes, 500 meshes, 600 meshes, 800 meshes, 1000 meshes, 1200 meshes, 1500 meshes, 1800 meshes, 2000 meshes and 2500 meshes are sequentially adopted to carry out fine grinding on the antique brick blank; 1000mL/min of water is introduced in the fine grinding process, the pressure is controlled to be 0.2MPa, and the rotating speed of a grinding disc is controlled to be 1500 rpm.
Comparative example 2
The present comparative example provides a polishing method of an archaized tile, comprising:
(1) providing an archaized brick blank; the antique brick body comprises a bottom blank layer, and a bottom glaze layer, a pattern layer and a particle glaze layer which are sequentially arranged on the bottom blank layer;
(2) adopting 30-mesh and 80-mesh silicon carbide grinding wheels to perform coarse grinding on the archaized brick blank; introducing 1000mL/min of water in the coarse grinding process, and controlling the pressure to be 0.2 MPa; the rotating speed of the grinding wheel is controlled to be 1000 rpm;
(3) resin grinding sheets of 200 meshes, 300 meshes, 400 meshes, 600 meshes, 800 meshes, 1000 meshes, 1200 meshes and 1500 meshes are sequentially adopted to carry out fine grinding on the antique brick blank; 1000mL/min of water is introduced in the fine grinding process, the pressure is controlled to be 0.2MPa, and the rotating speed of a grinding disc is controlled to be 1500 rpm.
Comparative example 3
The present comparative example provides a polishing method of an archaized tile, comprising:
(1) providing an archaized brick blank; the antique brick body comprises a bottom blank layer, and a bottom glaze layer, a pattern layer and a particle glaze layer which are sequentially arranged on the bottom blank layer;
(2) adopting 30-mesh and 80-mesh silicon carbide grinding wheels to perform coarse grinding on the archaized brick blank; introducing 1000mL/min of water in the coarse grinding process, and controlling the pressure to be 0.2 MPa; the rotating speed of the grinding wheel is controlled to be 1000 rpm;
(3) resin grinding sheets of 200 meshes, 300 meshes, 400 meshes, 600 meshes, 800 meshes, 1000 meshes, 1200 meshes and 1500 meshes are sequentially adopted to carry out fine grinding on the antique brick blank; 1000mL/min of water is introduced in the fine grinding process, the pressure is controlled to be 0.2MPa, and the rotating speed of a grinding disc is controlled to be 1500 rpm.
(4) And (5) waxing the surface of the polished ceramic tile blank.
The antique bricks obtained by polishing in examples 1 and 2 and comparative example 1 are tested; wherein, the measurement of the friction coefficient refers to GB/T4100-2015 appendix M; the test for the resistance to soiling is referred to GB/T3810.14-2016.
The results are given in the following table:
the polishing liquids of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to polishing experiments, and the results were as follows:
while the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A polishing method of a low-glossiness archaized brick is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) providing an antique brick body, wherein the antique brick body comprises a bottom blank layer, and a bottom glaze layer, a pattern layer and a particle glaze layer which are sequentially arranged on the bottom blank layer;
(2) coarse grinding the archaized brick blank body by using a resin grinding disc with 500 meshes in 240 and 500 meshes; introducing water in the coarse grinding process;
(3) fine grinding is carried out on the archaized brick blank body by adopting a 600-2000-mesh resin grinding sheet; introducing polishing solution in the fine grinding process;
(4) polishing the archaized brick blank by using a 150-plus-300-mesh fiber grinding wheel to obtain the low-glossiness archaized brick; introducing polishing solution in the polishing process;
the polishing solution is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
5-15 parts of modified alumina, 20-30 parts of silicon dioxide, 55-65 parts of water, 2-5 parts of a silane coupling agent, 5-8 parts of a dispersing agent, 0.5-5 parts of a surfactant, 1-5 parts of an organic base and 0.5-5 parts of a passivating agent;
the preparation method of the polishing solution comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing modified alumina;
(2) uniformly mixing silicon dioxide, a silane coupling agent and a dispersing agent, and carrying out ball milling for 0.2-1h to obtain treated silicon dioxide;
(3) uniformly mixing the modified alumina and the treated silicon dioxide, heating to 90-120 ℃, and reacting for 0.5-1h to obtain composite abrasive particles; the silica abrasive particles are loaded on the outer layer of the modified alumina;
(4) adding a surfactant into water, stirring uniformly, adding composite abrasive particles, and adding a passivating agent and organic alkali while stirring to obtain the finished product of the polishing solution for the archaized brick.
2. The polishing method of low-gloss antique brick according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the blank of the antique brick is roughly ground by using 240-mesh, 300-mesh and 400-mesh resin grinding plates in sequence;
the rotating speed of the resin grinding piece in the coarse grinding process is 1000-3000rpm, the pressure of the resin grinding piece on the archaized brick blank body is 0.2-0.5MPa, and the flow rate of the introduced water is 300-1000 mL/min.
3. The polishing method of low-gloss antique bricks according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the antique brick bodies are finely ground by using 600-mesh, 800-mesh, 1000-mesh and 1200-mesh resin grinding plates in sequence;
the rotating speed of the resin grinding sheet in the fine grinding process is 1000-3000rpm, the pressure of the resin grinding sheet on the archaized brick blank body is 0.1-0.3MPa, and the flow of the introduced polishing solution is 100-500 mL/min.
4. The polishing method of the low-gloss antique brick according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the antique brick blank is polished by using a 180-mesh and 240-mesh fiber grinding wheel in sequence;
the rotating speed of the fiber grinding wheel is 2000-5000rpm in the polishing process, the pressure of the fiber grinding wheel to the archaized brick blank is 0.1-0.3MPa, and the flow of the introduced polishing solution is 50-200 mL/min.
5. The polishing method of a low-gloss archaized brick according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the gloss of the archaized brick body is 2 to 5 degrees, and the surface roughness is not less than 10 μm;
the glossiness of the polished archaized brick blank is 2-10 degrees, and the surface roughness is less than or equal to 200 nm.
6. The method of polishing a low gloss antique tile according to claim 1, wherein said modified alumina is prepared from the following raw materials in weight percent:
70-85% of aluminum oxide, 0.5-5% of amino silane coupling agent, 8-15% of organic solvent and 2-10% of water;
wherein the average particle size of the modified alumina is 10-100nm, and the average particle size of the silicon dioxide is 5-20 nm;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing an aminosilane coupling agent, water and an organic solvent, and reacting for 20-60min at 50-80 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) mixing the mixed solution with alumina, stirring and mixing for 20-40 minutes at 60-90 ℃ to obtain the modified alumina.
7. The method of polishing a low-gloss antique brick according to claim 6, wherein the organic solvent is selected from one or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol and acetone;
the aminosilane coupling agent is one or more of gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and gamma-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane.
8. The method of polishing a low-gloss antique brick according to claim 1, wherein the silane coupling agent is gamma-mercaptopropyl-trimethoxysilane and/or gamma-mercaptopropyl-triethoxysilane;
the dispersing agent is one or more of ethylene glycol, glycerol and polyethylene glycol;
the surfactant is one or more of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, polyoxyethylene alkanolamide, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfate;
the organic base is one or more of dihydroxyethyl ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, ethylenediamine and diethanolamine;
the passivating agent is benzotriazole.
9. A low gloss archaized tile, characterized in that it has been treated by the polishing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8; the glossiness of the low-glossiness archaized brick is 2-10 degrees, and the surface roughness is less than or equal to 200 nm.
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