CN111116236A - Wear-resistant environment-friendly brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Wear-resistant environment-friendly brick and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111116236A
CN111116236A CN201911393881.7A CN201911393881A CN111116236A CN 111116236 A CN111116236 A CN 111116236A CN 201911393881 A CN201911393881 A CN 201911393881A CN 111116236 A CN111116236 A CN 111116236A
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wear
resistant
glaze
ceramic tile
parts
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CN201911393881.7A
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Inventor
谢岳荣
霍振辉
徐鹏飞
钟鹏
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Zhaoqing Lehua Ceramic Sanitary Ware Co ltd
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Zhaoqing Lehua Ceramic Sanitary Ware Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B29/00—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
    • B24B29/02—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/001—Applying decorations on shaped articles, e.g. by painting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
    • B28B11/044—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with glaze or engobe or enamel or varnish
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a wear-resistant environment-friendly brick, which comprises the following steps: preparing a green body, applying a ground coat, printing a pattern, applying a wear-resistant glaze, firing and polishing. The chemical components of the wear-resistant glaze are as follows: SiO 2248～52％、Al2O322～25％、Fe2O30.1～0.2％、TiO20.6～0.8％、CaO 5～8％、MgO 5～7％、K2O 4～6％、Na2O 2～3％、ZnO 0.05～0.15％、CeO20.01～0.02％、ThO20.02-0.035%, SrO 0.01-0.03%, and LOI 1.5-2.5%. After polishing, the glossiness of the wear-resistant glaze is 15-25 degrees; and the polished glaze is fine and smooth, and has good stain resistance without waxing. Simultaneously, wear-resisting glaze hardness is high, has promoted the coefficient of wear resistance of brick face, prevents that the brick face from producing a large amount of mar in daily use.

Description

Wear-resistant environment-friendly brick and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic tiles, in particular to a wear-resistant environment-friendly brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of economy, the ceramic industry in China is also rapidly developed, but the homogenization of marble products is very serious. The glossiness of the common marble-imitated full-glazed brick is about 90 degrees, and the glossiness of the soft glazed brick is 40-55 degrees, so that the gloss marble-imitated material product still has a great difference with natural marble, the fidelity is not high, the natural stone application market cannot be replaced, and the requirements of health and environmental protection of modern homes cannot be met.
In terms of glossiness, matte bricks, soft bricks and bright bricks are on the market at present; the matte brick generally refers to a brick with the glossiness of 10-30 degrees; the soft light brick is a brick with the glossiness of 30-60 degrees; the bright brick refers to a brick with the glossiness of more than 60 degrees; wherein, soft light brick and inferior light brick mainly regard archaize brick to and a small amount of polished tile. The bright brick mainly comprises a polished brick and a full-polished glaze.
At present, the main method for changing the surface glossiness of the ceramic tile is polishing, and generally, grinding heads with different meshes and water are adopted to polish the surface glaze layer of the ceramic tile so as to obtain ceramic tile glaze surfaces with different glossiness. However, in the conventional polishing process, in order to achieve higher glossiness (more than 60 degrees), the polishing amount of the surface of the ceramic tile is higher, a large amount of waste residues are generated, and meanwhile, the surface of the ceramic tile is excessively smooth and is not resistant to pollution. In order to improve the quality, the ceramic industry develops a semi-polishing (soft polishing) technology, and the obtained brick body has low glossiness, such as soft polished bricks, matt polished bricks (satin polished bricks) and the like, but the polishing amount is not enough, so that the pollution resistance is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method of an abrasion-resistant environment-friendly brick, and the glaze surface of the prepared ceramic brick has high stain resistance, strong abrasion resistance and high skid resistance.
The invention also aims to solve the technical problem of providing a wear-resistant environment-friendly brick.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention discloses a preparation method of a wear-resistant environment-friendly brick, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing ceramic powder, pressing and drying the powder to obtain a green body;
(2) applying a ground coat on the green body to form a ground coat layer;
(3) printing a pattern on the ground glaze layer to form a pattern layer;
(4) applying a wear-resistant glaze on the pattern layer to form a overglaze layer;
(5) sintering the green body obtained in the step (4) to obtain a ceramic tile green body;
(6) polishing the ceramic tile blank to obtain a finished wear-resistant environment-friendly brick;
the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO 2248～52％、Al2O322～25％、Fe2O30.1～0.2％、TiO20.6～0.8％、CaO 5～8％、MgO 5～7％、K2O 4～6％、Na2O 2～3％、ZnO 0.05～0.15％、CeO20.01～0.02％、ThO20.02～0.035％、SrO 0.01～0.03％、LOI 1.5～2.5％。
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the step (6) comprises the following steps:
(6.1) carrying out coarse grinding on the ceramic tile blank by adopting a resin grinding disc with 100-500 meshes;
(6.2) finely grinding the ceramic tile blank by adopting 600-1500-mesh resin grinding discs;
and (6.3) polishing the ceramic tile blank by using a 150-300 mesh fiber grinding wheel to obtain a finished wear-resistant environment-friendly brick.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, in the step (6.1), the pressure of the resin grinding sheet on the ceramic tile blank body is 0.2-0.5 MPa;
in the step (6.2), the pressure of the resin abrasive disc on the ceramic tile blank body is 0.1-0.3 MPa;
in the step (6.3), the pressure of the fiber grinding wheel on the ceramic tile blank is 0.1-0.3 MPa.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the step (6) comprises the following steps:
(6.1) carrying out coarse grinding on the ceramic tile green body by sequentially adopting 240-mesh, 300-mesh and 400-mesh resin grinding discs;
(6.2) finely grinding the ceramic tile blank body by sequentially adopting 600-mesh, 1000-mesh and 1500-mesh resin grinding discs;
and (6.3) polishing the ceramic tile blank by sequentially adopting 180-mesh and 240-mesh fiber grinding wheels to obtain a finished wear-resistant environment-friendly brick.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the wear-resistant glaze is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of potassium feldspar, 13-16 parts of albite, 12-17 parts of kaolin, 18-21 parts of calcined alumina, 10-13 parts of quartz, 4-10 parts of wollastonite, 5-10 parts of talc, 1-2 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 0.5-2 parts of strontium carbonate and 1-2 parts of rare earth.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the ground coat comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO 2250～55％、Al2O313～18％、Fe2O30.1～0.2％、TiO20.2～0.5％、CaO 3.5～5％、MgO 2～4.6％、K2O 4.5～7.2％、Na2O 0.5～1％、ZnO 4～5.5％、SrO 2～3％、BaO 0.2～1.4％、LOI 3.5～6％。
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the fineness of the ground coat is that the residue of a 325-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 0.7 percent, the specific gravity is 1.90-1.93 g/mL, and the flow rate is 60-100 s;
the fineness of the wear-resistant glaze is that the residue of a 325-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 0.5%, the specific gravity is 1.86-1.9 g/mL, and the flow rate is 30-40 s.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, in the step (2), the glazing amount of the ground coat is 350-400 g/m2；
In the step (3), the glazing amount of the wear-resistant glaze is 400-450 g/m2。
As an improvement of the technical scheme, in the step (5), the sintering temperature is 1190-1210 ℃, and the sintering period is 50-60 min.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a wear-resistant environment-friendly brick prepared by the preparation method of the wear-resistant environment-friendly brick.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a preparation method of a wear-resistant environment-friendly brick, which comprises the steps of preparing powder, pressing and drying to obtain a green body, then sequentially applying base glaze, printing patterns, applying wear-resistant glaze, then sintering and polishing to obtain the wear-resistant environment-friendly brick. Specifically, after polishing, the glossiness of the wear-resistant glaze reaches 15-25 degrees, and the wear-resistant glaze is more similar to natural marble. After polishing, no wax water for resisting stains is required to be applied, the glaze surface is fine and smooth, and the technical problems of unqualified performance and difficult cleaning of the sub-polished tile without wax water for resisting stains are solved; meanwhile, rare earth components are added into the wear-resistant glaze, so that the ceramic tile has an environment-friendly function of degrading formaldehyde. In addition, the wear-resistant glaze has high hardness, so that the wear-resistant coefficient of the brick surface of the ceramic brick is high, and the brick surface is prevented from generating a large number of scratches in daily use.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a wear-resistant environment-friendly brick, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing ceramic powder, pressing and drying the powder to obtain a green body;
specifically, the ceramic powder comprises common white powder and mixed powder, and the mixed powder is formed by mixing a pigment and the common white powder. Before pressing, the common white powder and the mixed pigment are reasonably distributed through a material distribution process, so that the effect of texture whole body is achieved.
Specifically, the specific formula of the green body and the raw materials used are not particularly limited, and can be selected by those skilled in the art according to the corresponding production conditions; preferably, a porcelain brick blank formula is adopted, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the blank is matched with the glaze so as to ensure that the defect of glaze cracking is avoided.
(2) Applying a ground coat on the green body to form a ground coat layer;
specifically, the ground glaze comprises the following chemical components: SiO 2250～55％、Al2O313～18％、Fe2O30.1～0.2％、TiO20.2～0.5％、CaO 3.5～5％、MgO 2～4.6％、K2O 4.5～7.2％、Na2O 0.5～1％、ZnO 4～5.5％、SrO 2～3％、BaO 0.2～1.4％、LOI 3.5～6％。
The fineness of the ground coat is that the residue of a 325-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 0.7 percent, the specific gravity is 1.90-1.93 g/mL, and the flow rate is 60-100 s.
Specifically, the glaze spraying, the glaze throwing and the like can be adopted. Preferably, a glazing mode of bell jar glaze pouring is adopted, the bell jar glaze pouring can effectively ensure the uniform distribution of glaze, the redundant glaze slip can be recycled, and the cost is saved. Wherein the glazing amount of the ground coat is 350-400 g/m2The proper glazing amount can effectively shield the surface defects of the blank body, and good conditions are provided for the sufficient color development of the decorative patterns.
(3) Printing a pattern on the ground glaze layer to form a pattern layer;
specifically, the ink-jet printing is carried out at the temperature of 40-50 ℃, the temperature of the ink-jet printing is controlled, the absorption speed of the brick surface to the ink-jet ink can be accelerated, the ink halation effect is reduced, and the penetration line is more vivid.
(4) Applying a wear-resistant glaze on the pattern layer to form a overglaze layer;
specifically, the wear-resistant glaze is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of potassium feldspar, 13-16 parts of albite, 12-17 parts of kaolin, 18-21 parts of calcined alumina, 10-13 parts of quartz, 4-10 parts of wollastonite, 5-10 parts of talc, 1-2 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 0.5-2 parts of strontium carbonate and 1-2 parts of rare earth.
The particle size of quartz and calcined alumina is 5-10 mu m, the quartz and calcined alumina are not melted after being fired and exist in the form of crystals, and therefore the wear resistance and the skid resistance of the glaze surface are improved. The rare earth elements can provide negative ions to achieve the effect of decomposing harmful components in the air.
The preparation method of the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following steps: the raw materials are uniformly mixed according to a formula, and are ball-milled until the residue sieved by a 325-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 0.5 percent after a proper amount of water is added. Specifically, after the formula and the preparation method are adopted, the fineness of the wear-resistant glaze is equal to or less than 0.5 percent of the residue of a 325-mesh sieve, the specific gravity is 1.86-1.9 g/mL, and the flow rate is 30-40 s.
Specifically, the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO 2248～52％、Al2O322～25％、Fe2O30.1～0.2％、TiO20.6～0.8％、CaO 5～8％、MgO 5～7％、K2O 4～6％、Na2O 2～3％、ZnO 0.05～0.15％、CeO20.01～0.02％、ThO20.02～0.035％、SrO 0.01～0.03％、LOI1.5～2.5％。
(5) Firing the green body obtained in the step (4) to obtain a ceramic tile green body;
specifically, the sintering temperature is 1190-1210 ℃, and the sintering period is 50-60 min. The ceramic tile is sintered at the temperature, so that the green body and the glaze can be fully sintered, and the ceramic tile with stable performance is obtained. Alumina in the overglaze can be separated out independently in the sintering process, and the protruding overglaze improves the anti-skid property and wear resistance coefficient of the ceramic tile overglaze.
(6) Polishing the ceramic tile blank to obtain a finished wear-resistant environment-friendly brick;
specifically, the step (6) comprises the following steps:
(6.1) carrying out coarse grinding on the ceramic tile blank by adopting a resin grinding disc with 100-500 meshes;
specifically, resin grinding discs of 240 meshes, 300 meshes and 400 meshes are sequentially adopted to carry out coarse grinding on the ceramic tile green body; however, the mesh number combination of the resin grinding pieces is not limited thereto. The invention has no limitation to the specific material and model of the resin abrasive sheet, and can select the series resin abrasive sheets produced by the grinding tool of Quanzhou, but is not limited to the material and the model.
In the coarse grinding process, the rotating speed of the resin grinding disc is 1500-3000 rpm, and the pressure of the resin grinding disc on the ceramic tile green body is 0.2-0.5 MPa; and introducing water in the coarse grinding process, wherein the flow rate of the water is 500-1000 mL/min. Preferably, the rotating speed of the resin grinding sheet is 2000-3000rpm, the pressure of the resin grinding sheet on the ceramic tile blank body is 0.3-0.5 MPa, and the flow rate of the introduced water is 500-800 mL/min.
The high-temperature viscosity ranges of the ground glaze and the wear-resistant glaze are reasonable, the flatness of the formed glaze surface is high by controlling the glazing and firing processes, and a diamond or silicon carbide millstone below 100 meshes is not needed for rough grinding.
(6.2) finely grinding the ceramic tile blank by adopting 600-1500-mesh resin grinding discs;
specifically, resin grinding sheets of 600 meshes, 1000 meshes and 1500 meshes are sequentially adopted to carry out fine grinding on the ceramic tile blank; however, the mesh number combination of the resin grinding pieces is not limited thereto.
In the fine grinding process, the rotating speed of the resin grinding sheet is 2000-3000rpm, and the pressure of the resin grinding sheet on the ceramic tile green body is 0.1-0.3 MPa; water is introduced in the fine grinding process, and the flow rate is 500-1000 mL/min.
And (6.3) polishing the ceramic tile blank by using a 150-300-mesh fiber grinding wheel to obtain a finished wear-resistant environment-friendly brick.
Specifically, the ceramic tile blank is polished by sequentially adopting 180-mesh and 240-mesh fiber grinding wheels to obtain a finished wear-resistant environment-friendly brick. The combination of the fiber-grinding wheel is not limited thereto.
The rotating speed of the fiber grinding wheel is 2000-5000rpm in the polishing process, the pressure of the fiber grinding wheel on the ceramic tile blank is 0.1-0.3MPa, and water is introduced in the polishing process, wherein the flow rate of the water is 500-1000 mL/min.
On the one hand, in the grinding and polishing process of the conventional ceramic tile, a silicon carbide/diamond grinding disc with a particle size of less than 100 meshes is generally used for rough grinding, and then resin floppy discs with different specifications are used for polishing. However, the hardness of the silicon carbide and diamond grinding disc is very high, and micro-protruding alumina particles in the glaze surface are very easily taken away in the grinding and polishing process, so that the performance of the glaze surface is reduced. Meanwhile, because the pits are very small, the silicon carbide and diamond grinding discs with small meshes (5-150 meshes) are difficult to grind, and a large amount of resin grinding discs with large meshes (200-3000 meshes) are required to be used for fine polishing in the later period. However, such fine polishing may greatly improve the smoothness and gloss of the glaze, and although it may improve the stain resistance, it may also reduce the wear resistance and slip resistance of the glaze. On the other hand, if the glaze is not polished, the concave-convex structure on the surface of the glaze is too obvious, the hand feeling is rough, the stain resistance is poor, and the diffuse reflection formed by the concave-convex structure can reduce the glossiness of the glaze (generally at 7-14 degrees), so that the glaze is not beneficial to imitating some natural stones. Therefore, the polishing process is improved, and the micro-concavo-convex structure is kept as much as possible on the basis of slightly improving the glossiness and the flatness of the brick surface, so that the aims of relatively high pollution resistance, skid resistance and decoration simulation are fulfilled.
Under the matching effect of the process and the glaze formula, the wear-resistant environment-friendly brick obtained by the invention has the surface glossiness of 15-25 degrees and is more similar to natural marble (without polishing). And the glaze surface has high flatness, is smooth and fine, does not need waxing and has strong stain resistance. And the glaze surface has high hardness, high wear-resisting coefficient and excellent anti-skid performance.
The invention is illustrated below in specific examples:
example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a wear-resistant environment-friendly brick, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing ceramic powder, pressing and drying the powder to obtain a green body;
(2) applying a ground coat on the green body to form a ground coat layer;
wherein, the ground coat comprises the following chemical components: SiO 2254.33％、Al2O316.81％、Fe2O30.96％、TiO20.24％、CaO 4.25％、MgO 4.14％、K2O 5.05％、Na2O 0.74％、ZnO 4.8％、SrO 2.6％、BaO0.58％、LOI 5.5％；
The fineness of the ground coat is 0.6 percent of the sieved residue of a 325-mesh sieve, the specific gravity is 1.91g/mL, and the flow rate is 80 s; the glazing amount of the ground coat is 365g/m2。
(3) Printing a pattern on the ground glaze layer to form a pattern layer;
(4) applying a wear-resistant glaze on the pattern layer to form a overglaze layer;
specifically, the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following chemical components: SiO 2250.83％、Al2O324.95％、Fe2O30.12％、TiO20.78％、CaO 7.31％、MgO 6.25％、K2O 5.48％、Na2O 2.29％、ZnO 0.08％、CeO20.01％、ThO20.03％、SrO 0.02％、LOI 1.85％；
The formula of the wear-resistant glaze comprises: 31 parts of potassium feldspar, 14 parts of albite, 12.5 parts of kaolin, 19 parts of calcined alumina, 11 parts of quartz, 5 parts of wollastonite, 5 parts of talc, 1 part of calcined zinc oxide, 0.5 part of strontium carbonate and 1 part of rare earth.
The fineness of the wear-resistant glaze is 0.5 percent of the screen residue of 325 meshes, the specific gravity is 1.88g/mL, and the flow rate is 32 s; the glazing amount of the wear-resistant glaze is 420g/m2
(5) Sintering the green body obtained in the step (4) to obtain a ceramic tile green body;
wherein the sintering temperature is 1205 ℃, and the period is 60 min.
(6) Roughly grinding the ceramic tile blank by using a 250-mesh resin grinding sheet;
in the coarse grinding process, the rotating speed of the resin grinding disc is 2000 rpm; the pressure of the resin abrasive disc on the ceramic tile green body is 0.5MPa, and the water flow is 900 mL/min.
(7) Carrying out fine grinding on a ceramic tile blank by using a 1200-mesh resin grinding sheet;
in the fine grinding process, the rotating speed of the resin grinding piece is 2000 rpm; the pressure of the resin abrasive disc on the ceramic tile green body is 0.3MPa, and the water flow is 1000 mL/min.
(8) And polishing the ceramic body by using a 300-mesh fiber grinding wheel to obtain a finished product of the wear-resistant environment-friendly brick.
In the polishing process, the rotating speed of the fiber grinding wheel is 4000 rpm; the pressure of the fiber grinding wheel to the ceramic tile green body is 0.1MPa, and the water flow is 500 mL/min.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a wear-resistant environment-friendly brick, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing ceramic powder, pressing and drying the powder to obtain a green body;
(2) applying a ground coat on the green body to form a ground coat layer;
wherein, the ground coat comprises the following chemical components: SiO 2253.49％、Al2O315.68％、Fe2O30.94％、TiO20.36％、CaO 4.12％、MgO 3.92％、K2O 7.11％、Na2O 0.82％、ZnO 4.63％、SrO 2.44％、BaO0.87％、LOI 5.62％；
The fineness of the ground coat is 0.5 percent of the screen residue of a 325-mesh sieve, the specific gravity is 1.92g/mL, and the flow rate is 70 s; the glazing amount of the ground coat is 380g/m2。
(3) Printing a pattern on the ground glaze layer to form a pattern layer;
(4) applying a wear-resistant glaze on the pattern layer to form a overglaze layer;
specifically, the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following chemical components: SiO 2251.2％、Al2O323.63％、Fe2O30.16％、TiO20.65％、CaO 7.08％、MgO 6.24％、K2O 5.88％、Na2O 2.99％、ZnO 0.92％、CeO20.01％、ThO20.025％、SrO 0.025％、LOI 1.19％；
The formula of the wear-resistant glaze comprises: 33 parts of potassium feldspar, 13 parts of albite, 12 parts of kaolin, 19 parts of calcined alumina, 10.5 parts of quartz, 5 parts of wollastonite, 6 parts of talc, 1 part of calcined zinc oxide, 0.5 part of strontium carbonate and 1 part of rare earth.
The fineness of the wear-resistant glaze is 0.3 percent of the screen residue of 325 meshes, the specific gravity is 1.9g/mL, and the flow rate is 31 s; the glazing amount of the wear-resistant glaze is 430g/m2
(5) Sintering the green body obtained in the step (4) to obtain a ceramic tile green body;
wherein the sintering temperature is 1195 ℃, and the period is 58 min.
(6) Carrying out coarse grinding on the ceramic tile blank by using resin grinding discs of 240 meshes, 300 meshes and 400 meshes in sequence;
in the coarse grinding process, the rotating speed of the resin grinding disc is 1800 rpm; the pressure of the resin abrasive disc on the ceramic tile green body is 0.4MPa, and the water flow is 800 mL/min.
(7) Carrying out fine grinding on the ceramic tile blank by adopting 600-mesh, 1000-mesh and 1500-mesh resin grinding sheets;
in the fine grinding process, the rotating speed of the resin grinding piece is 2500 rpm; the pressure of the resin abrasive disc on the ceramic tile green body is 0.2MPa, and the water flow is 800 mL/min.
(8) And polishing the ceramic body by using fiber grinding wheels of 180 meshes and 240 meshes to obtain a finished product of the wear-resistant environment-friendly brick.
In the polishing process, the rotating speed of the fiber grinding wheel is 3500 rpm; the pressure of the fiber grinding wheel to the ceramic tile green body is 0.2MPa, and the water flow is 600 mL/min.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a wear-resistant environment-friendly brick, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing ceramic powder, pressing and drying the powder to obtain a green body;
(2) applying a ground coat on the green body to form a ground coat layer;
wherein, the ground coat comprises the following chemical components: SiO 2254.85％、Al2O315.3％、Fe2O30.94％、TiO20.39％、CaO 3.95％、MgO 4.31％、K2O 6.64％、Na2O 0.62％、ZnO 5.01％、SrO 2.25％、BaO0.54％、LOI 5.2％；
The fineness of the ground coat is 0.5 percent of the screen residue of a 325-mesh sieve, the specific gravity is 1.9g/mL, and the flow rate is 65 s; the glazing amount of the ground coat is 380g/m2。
(3) Printing a pattern on the ground glaze layer to form a pattern layer;
(4) applying a wear-resistant glaze on the pattern layer to form a overglaze layer;
specifically, the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following chemical components: SiO 2250.94％、Al2O323.89％、Fe2O30.11％、TiO20.73％、CaO 7.78％、MgO 6.23％、K2O 5.16％、Na2O 2.95％、ZnO 0.65％、CeO20.01％、ThO20.02％、SrO 0.02％、LOI 1.51％；
The formula of the wear-resistant glaze comprises: 32 parts of potassium feldspar, 13 parts of albite, 12 parts of kaolin, 19 parts of calcined alumina, 10.5 parts of quartz, 5 parts of wollastonite, 5.5 parts of talc, 1.5 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 0.5 part of strontium carbonate and 1 part of rare earth.
The fineness of the wear-resistant glaze is 0.4 percent of the screen residue of 325 meshes, the specific gravity is 1.87g/mL, and the flow rate is 32 s; the glazing amount of the wear-resistant glaze is 430g/m2
(5) Sintering the green body obtained in the step (4) to obtain a ceramic tile green body;
wherein the sintering temperature is 1195 ℃, and the period is 60 min.
(6) Carrying out coarse grinding on the ceramic tile blank by using resin grinding discs of 240 meshes, 300 meshes and 400 meshes in sequence;
in the coarse grinding process, the rotating speed of the resin grinding disc is 2500 rpm; the pressure of the resin grinding sheet on the ceramic tile green body is 0.4MPa, and the water flow is 700 mL/min.
(7) Carrying out fine grinding on the ceramic tile blank by adopting 600-mesh, 1000-mesh and 1500-mesh resin grinding sheets;
in the fine grinding process, the rotating speed of the resin grinding piece is 2800 rpm; the pressure of the resin abrasive disc on the ceramic tile green body is 0.15MPa, and the water flow is 800 mL/min.
(8) And polishing the ceramic body by using fiber grinding wheels of 180 meshes and 240 meshes to obtain a finished product of the wear-resistant environment-friendly brick.
In the polishing process, the rotating speed of the fiber grinding wheel is 4500 rpm; the pressure of the fiber grinding wheel to the ceramic tile green body is 0.1MPa, and the water flow is 550 mL/min.
The wear-resistant environment-friendly bricks in the embodiments 1 to 3 are detected; wherein, the method in GB/T3810.3 is adopted to test the water absorption and the modulus of rupture, and the method in GB/T3810.6 is adopted to test the surface wear resistance; the stain resistance of the composite material is tested by adopting a test method in GB/T3810.14; the method in GB/T4100 is adopted to test the anti-skid performance. The results are given in the following table:
water absorption rate Modulus of rupture Wear resistance Resistance to soiling Coefficient of friction Glaze surface
Example 1 0.1％ 54MPa Grade 5 4 stage 0.76 Smooth hand touch
Example 2 0.09％ 61MPa Grade 5 4 stage 0.82 Smooth hand touch
Example 3 0.03％ 58MPa Grade 5 4 stage 0.81 Smooth hand touch
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the wear-resistant environment-friendly brick is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing ceramic powder, pressing and drying the powder to obtain a green body;
(2) applying a ground coat on the green body to form a ground coat layer;
(3) printing a pattern on the ground glaze layer to form a pattern layer;
(4) applying a wear-resistant glaze on the pattern layer to form a overglaze layer;
(5) sintering the green body obtained in the step (4) to obtain a ceramic tile green body;
(6) polishing the ceramic tile blank to obtain a finished wear-resistant environment-friendly brick;
the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO 2248～52％、Al2O322～25％、Fe2O30.1～0.2％、TiO20.6～0.8％、CaO 5～8％、MgO 5～7％、K2O 4～6％、Na2O 2～3％、ZnO0.05～0.15％、CeO20.01～0.02％、ThO20.02～0.035％、SrO 0.01～0.03％、LOI 1.5～2.5％。
2. The method for preparing the wear-resistant environment-friendly brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (6) comprises the following steps:
(6.1) carrying out coarse grinding on the ceramic tile blank by adopting a resin grinding disc with 100-500 meshes;
(6.2) finely grinding the ceramic tile blank by adopting 600-1500-mesh resin grinding discs;
and (6.3) polishing the ceramic tile blank by using a 150-300 mesh fiber grinding wheel to obtain a finished wear-resistant environment-friendly brick.
3. The method for preparing the wear-resistant environment-friendly brick as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step (6.1), the pressure of the resin grinding plate on the ceramic brick blank is 0.2-0.5 MPa;
in the step (6.2), the pressure of the resin abrasive disc on the ceramic tile blank body is 0.1-0.3 MPa;
in the step (6.3), the pressure of the fiber grinding wheel on the ceramic tile blank is 0.1-0.3 MPa.
4. The method for preparing the wear-resistant environment-friendly brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (6) comprises the following steps:
(6.1) carrying out coarse grinding on the ceramic tile green body by sequentially adopting 240-mesh, 300-mesh and 400-mesh resin grinding discs;
(6.2) finely grinding the ceramic tile blank body by sequentially adopting 600-mesh, 1000-mesh and 1500-mesh resin grinding discs;
and (6.3) polishing the ceramic tile blank by sequentially adopting 180-mesh and 240-mesh fiber grinding wheels to obtain a finished wear-resistant environment-friendly brick.
5. The method for preparing the wear-resistant ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein the wear-resistant glaze is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of potassium feldspar, 13-16 parts of albite, 12-17 parts of kaolin, 18-21 parts of calcined alumina, 10-13 parts of quartz, 4-10 parts of wollastonite, 5-10 parts of talc, 1-2 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 0.5-2 parts of strontium carbonate and 1-2 parts of rare earth.
6. The preparation method of the wear-resistant environment-friendly brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ground glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO 2250～55％、Al2O313～18％、Fe2O30.1～0.2％、TiO20.2～0.5％、CaO3.5～5％、MgO 2～4.6％、K2O 4.5～7.2％、Na2O 0.5～1％、ZnO 4～5.5％、SrO 2～3％、BaO0.2～1.4％、LOI 3.5～6％。
7. The preparation method of the wear-resistant environment-friendly brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fineness of the ground coat is that the residue of a 325-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 0.7%, the specific gravity is 1.90-1.93 g/mL, and the flow rate is 60-100 s;
the fineness of the wear-resistant glaze is that the residue of a 325-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 0.5%, the specific gravity is 1.86-1.9 g/mL, and the flow rate is 30-40 s.
8. The method for preparing the wear-resistant environment-friendly brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the glaze applying amount of the ground coat is 350-400 g/m2；
In the step (3), the glazing amount of the wear-resistant glaze is 400-450 g/m2。
9. The preparation method of the wear-resistant environment-friendly brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the firing temperature is 1190-1210 ℃ and the firing period is 50-60 min.
10. An abrasion-resistant environment-friendly brick, which is prepared by the preparation method of the abrasion-resistant environment-friendly brick as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN201911393881.7A 2019-12-30 2019-12-30 Wear-resistant environment-friendly brick and preparation method thereof Pending CN111116236A (en)

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