CN111082694B

CN111082694B - Pulse circuit, pulse power supply and electromagnetic transmitting device

Info

Publication number: CN111082694B
Application number: CN201811215678.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙浩; 于歆杰; 李臻; 李蓓; 黄松岭
Original assignee: Tsinghua University
Current assignee: Tsinghua University
Priority date: 2018-10-18
Filing date: 2018-10-18
Publication date: 2021-03-26
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-18
Also published as: CN111082694A

Abstract

The application relates to a pulse circuit, a pulse power supply and an electromagnetic transmitting device. The pulse circuit comprises an energy storage circuit, a charging circuit and an output circuit. The first inductor winding has a first end and a second end. The cathode of the first diode is connected with the first end. An anode of the first diode is connected to the second terminal. The switching circuit includes a switching element. The switch element is connected between the first end and the cathode of the first diode and used for controlling the on-off of the current of the first inductance coil. The charging circuit is connected with the energy storage circuit. The charging circuit charges the first inductance coil through the first end. The output circuit is connected with the second end and used for connecting a load and supplying power to the load. The pulse circuit can control the off time of the switch element according to needs, so that time delay caused by pre-charging of the first inductance coil is avoided, and the working efficiency can be improved.

Description

Pulse circuit, pulse power supply and electromagnetic transmitting device

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of energy, in particular to a pulse circuit, a pulse power supply and an electromagnetic transmitting device.

Background

High power pulse power supply. The pulse power supply is mainly divided into a capacitive type, an inductive type and a rotary mechanical type: the capacitive pulse power supply is the most mature and most used power supply technology at present; the rotary mechanical type pulse power supply, also called as an inertial energy storage type pulse power supply, has higher energy density and is an important way for realizing the miniaturization of the power supply at present, but the rotary mechanical type pulse power supply is difficult to be put into practical application at present due to complex technology; compared with a capacitive power supply, the inductive pulse power supply has higher energy storage density, has the advantages of simple control, high power density, easy cooling and the like compared with the energy storage of a rotating machine, has good application prospect, and becomes the key point for the research of scholars at home and abroad.

The existing pulse power supply needs to pass a long charging process before discharging the load, and the discharging starts immediately after the charging process is finished. The charging process takes time, so that the pulse power supply needs a prior charging process after receiving the trigger signal, and the pulse power supply can be discharged after a certain time delay after receiving the trigger signal, thereby influencing the use of the pulse power supply.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on this, it is necessary to provide a pulse circuit, a pulse power supply and an electromagnetic transmitting device, aiming at the problem that the pulse power supply can discharge after a certain time delay after receiving the trigger signal.

A pulse circuit, comprising:

a tank circuit, comprising:

the first inductance coil is provided with a first end and a second end, and the current flows from the first end to the second end;

a first diode, an anode of the first diode being connected to the second terminal;

the switch circuit comprises a switch element, the switch element is connected between the first end and the cathode of the first diode and is used for controlling the on-off of the current of the first inductance coil;

the charging circuit is connected with the energy storage circuit and charges the first inductance coil through the first end;

and the output circuit is connected with the second end and used for connecting a load and supplying power to the load.

In one embodiment, the charging circuit includes a first capacitor and a first thyristor, an anode of the first thyristor is connected to the second terminal through the first capacitor, and a cathode of the first thyristor is connected to the first terminal through the switching element.

In one embodiment, the output circuit includes:

a second inductor coil having a third end and a fourth end, the third end connected to the second end;

and the cathode of the second diode is connected with the second end, and the anode of the second diode and the fourth end are used for connecting the load.

In one embodiment, the switching element includes a second thyristor, the switching circuit further includes a third thyristor and a second capacitor, a cathode of the third thyristor is connected to the first terminal, and an anode of the third thyristor is connected to an anode of the second diode through the second capacitor.

In one embodiment, the switching element is an insulated gate bipolar transistor.

In one embodiment, the first inductor winding is made of a superconducting material.

In one embodiment, at least one of the first capacitance and the second capacitance is a pulsed capacitance.

In one embodiment, at least one of the first thyristor, the second thyristor and the third thyristor is a fast thyristor.

A pulse power supply comprises the pulse circuit.

An electromagnetic transmitting device comprises the pulse power supply and an accelerating device, wherein the pulse power supply is connected with the accelerating device and is used for supplying power to the accelerating device.

In the pulse circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application, the first inductor coil has a first end and a second end. The cathode of the first diode is connected with the first end, and the anode of the first diode is connected with the second end. After the charging circuit precharges the first inductor, the first diode, the switching element, and the first inductor may form a current loop. The electric energy may be stored in a loop formed by the first diode, the switching element, and the first inductor. When the output circuit needs to supply power to the load, the current in the first inductance coil can be rapidly reduced by opening the switch element, and the current in the output circuit can be rapidly increased at the moment, so that the load can be supplied with power. The pulse circuit can control the off time of the switch element according to the requirement, so that power can be supplied to the load at any time, the time delay caused by pre-charging the first inductance coil is avoided, and the working efficiency can be improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pulse circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pulse circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of an electromagnetic radiation device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numerals:

pulse circuit 10

Energy storage circuit 100

First inductor winding 110

First end 112

Second end 114

First diode 120

Switching circuit 130

Switching element 131

The second thyristor 132

Third thyristor 133

Second capacitor 134

Charging circuit 200

First capacitor 210

First thyristor 220

Output circuit 300

Second inductor 310

Third end 312

Fourth end 314

Second diode 320

Load 330

Load resistor 331

Load inductor 332

Pulse power supply 20

Electromagnetic emitting device 30

Acceleration device 350

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the pulse circuit, the pulse power supply and the electromagnetic transmitting device of the present application are further described in detail by the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

The numbering of the components as such, e.g., "first", "second", etc., is used herein only to distinguish the objects as described, and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "connected" and "coupled" when used in this application, unless otherwise indicated, includes both direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the present application.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a pulse circuit 10, where the pulse circuit 10 includes an energy storage circuit 100, a charging circuit 200, and an output circuit 300. The tank circuit 100 includes a first inductor 110, a first diode 120, and a switching circuit 130. The first inductor winding 110 has a first end 112 and a second end 114. The current flows from the first end 112 to the second end 114. The anode of the first diode 120 is connected to the second terminal 114. The switching circuit 130 includes a switching element 131. The switch element 131 is connected between the first terminal 112 and the cathode of the first diode 120, and is used for controlling the current on/off of the first inductor 110. The charging circuit 200 is connected to the tank circuit 100. The charging circuit 200 charges the first inductor 110 through the first terminal 112. The output circuit 300 is connected to the second terminal 114, and is used for connecting a load 330 and supplying power to the load 330.

In this embodiment, the energy storage circuit 100 may be used to store electric energy. The charging circuit 200 can charge the first inductor 110 in the tank circuit 100. After half a cycle of LC oscillation, the current in the charging circuit 200 may drop to zero. In this case, the first inductor 110 and the first diode 120 form a current loop. The inductor current can be maintained in the loop for a longer time. When the output circuit 300 is required to supply power to the load 330, the loop formed by the first inductance coil 110, the switching element 131 and the first diode 120 is disconnected by the switching element 131. At this time, the output circuit 300 may generate current due to flux linkage conservation and rapidly supply power to the load 330. Wherein the load 330 may be a device requiring instantaneous high energy. The output circuit 300 may be charged by an external charger. The output circuit 300 may have an energy storage element such as a capacitor.

In the pulse circuit 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application, the first inductor 110 has a first end 112 and a second end 114. The cathode of the first diode 120 is connected to the first terminal 112, and the anode of the first diode 120 is connected to the second terminal 114. After the charging circuit 200 precharges the first inductor 110, the first diode 120, the switching element 131 and the first inductor 110 may form a current loop. The electric energy may be stored in a loop formed by the first diode 120, the switching element 131, and the first inductor 110. When the output circuit 300 needs to supply power to the load 330, the current in the first inductor 110 can be rapidly decreased by opening the switching element 131, and the current in the output circuit 300 can be rapidly increased, so as to supply power to the load 330. The pulse circuit 10 can control the off time of the switching element 131 as required, so that power can be supplied to the load 330 at any time, time delay caused by pre-charging the first inductor 110 is avoided, and the working efficiency can be improved.

In one embodiment, the charging circuit 200 includes a first capacitor 210 and a first thyristor 220. The anode of the first thyristor 220 is connected to the second terminal 114 via the first capacitor 210. The cathode of the first thyristor 220 is connected to the first terminal 112 via the switching element 131. The plate of the first capacitor 210 connected to the anode of the first thyristor 220 may be precharged with a positive voltage. When the first inductor winding 110 in the tank circuit 100 needs to be precharged, the first inductor winding 110 can be precharged by triggering and turning on the first thyristor 220.

In one embodiment, the output circuit 300 includes a second inductor 310 and a second diode 320. The second inductor winding 310 has a third end 312 and a fourth end 314. The third end 312 is connected to the second end 114. The cathode of the second diode 320 is connected to the second terminal 114. The anode of the second diode 320 and the fourth terminal 314 are used to connect the load 330. The second inductor winding 310 and the first electrical winding may be strongly coupled. The first inductor 110 is precharged and the current is maintained in the loop formed by the first diode 120, the switching element 131 and the first inductor 110. Due to the effect of unidirectional conduction of the second diode 320. Current cannot flow into the output circuit 300. When the switching element 131 is turned off, the first coil current is rapidly decreased and the second inductor coil 310 current is rapidly increased due to the flux linkage conservation principle. The load 330 may be powered by the second inductor 310. In this case, the second inductor 310, the load 330, and the second diode 320 form a loop.

In one embodiment, the switching element 131 includes a second thyristor 132. The switch circuit 130 further includes a third thyristor 133 and a second capacitor 134. The cathode of the third thyristor 133 is connected to the first terminal 112. The anode of the third thyristor 133 is connected to the anode of the second diode 320 through the second capacitor 134. The second capacitor 134 may be pre-charged. The positive plate of the second capacitor 134 may be connected to the anode of the third thyristor 133. When it is desired to precharge the first inductor winding 110, the first thyristor 220 and the second thyristor 132 may be turned on simultaneously. The first capacitor 210 charges the first inductor 110. At this time, the third thyristor 133 cannot pass current due to the presence of the third thyristor 133. When power needs to be supplied to the load 330, the third thyristor 133 is turned on. The second capacitor 134 can be pulsed with the current of the third thyristor 133. The current pulse causes the current through the second thyristor 132 to be zero. At this time, the current in the first inductor 110 is rapidly reduced, so that the output circuit 300 rapidly generates the current. The current passing through the first inductor 110 is turned off by the second capacitor 134 and the third thyristor 133, so that the current open-circuit voltage can be reduced, and the capability of the pulse circuit 10 for turning off a large current can be improved.

Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, the switch element 131 is an insulated gate bipolar transistor. The driving voltage of the insulated gate bipolar transistor can be small. The use of the igbt as the switching element 131 can improve the ability of the pulse circuit 10 to turn off a large current and can reduce the generation of an open circuit voltage.

In one embodiment, the first inductor winding 110 is made of a superconducting material. The superconducting material has a low resistance, which reduces the loss of current when maintained in the tank circuit 100. In one embodiment, the superconducting material may be a second generation high temperature superconducting material Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide (YBCO).

In one embodiment, at least one of the first capacitor 210 and the second capacitor 134 is a pulsed capacitor. The pulse capacitor can store the energy for charging the pulse capacitor in a longer time interval. And can release the stored energy rapidly within a very short time interval to form a strong impact current and a strong impact power.

In one embodiment, at least one of the first thyristor 220, the second thyristor 132 and the third thyristor 133 is a fast thyristor. The fast thyristor can be used for rectification, chopping, inversion and frequency conversion circuits with higher frequency. The fast thyristor has the advantages of higher conduction and turn-off speed, low damage degree to the thyristor and durability.

Referring to fig. 3, the embodiment of the present application further provides a pulse power supply 20, where the pulse power supply 20 includes the pulse circuit 10. When the load 330 requires a large current, the load 330 may be powered by several pulse circuits 1010 connected in parallel or in series.

The embodiment of the present application further provides an electromagnetic emission device 30. The electromagnetic emitting device 30 includes the pulse power source 20 and an accelerating device 350. The pulse power supply 20 is connected to the acceleration device 350, and the pulse power supply 20 is used for supplying power to the acceleration device 350.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present patent. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A pulse circuit, comprising:

energy storage circuit (100) comprising:

a first inductor winding (110), the first inductor winding (110) having a first end (112) and a second end (114), current flowing from the first end (112) to the second end (114);

a first diode (120), an anode of the first diode (120) being connected to the second terminal (114);

a switching circuit (130) comprising a switching element (131), wherein the switching element (131) is connected between the first terminal (112) and the cathode of the first diode (120) and is used for controlling the current of the first inductance coil (110) to be switched on and off;

a charging circuit (200) connected to the tank circuit (100) for charging the first inductor winding (110) via the first terminal (112), the charging circuit (200) comprising a first capacitor (210);

the output circuit (300) is connected with the second end (114) and is used for connecting a load (330) and supplying power to the load (330);

the output circuit (300) comprises:

a second inductor winding (310), said second inductor winding (310) having a third end (312) and a fourth end (314), said third end (312) being connected to said second end (114);

a second diode (320), a cathode of the second diode (320) being connected to the second terminal (114), an anode of the second diode (320) and the fourth terminal (314) being for connection to the load (330);

the charging circuit (200) charges the first inductance coil (110) in the energy storage circuit (100), when the LC oscillation is performed for a half period, the current in the charging circuit (200) is reduced to zero, and the first inductance coil (110) and the first diode (120) form a current loop; when the switch element (131) is opened, the current of the first inductance coil (110) is reduced, the current of the second inductance coil (310) is increased, and the load (330) is supplied with power through the second inductance coil (310).

2. The pulse circuit according to claim 1, wherein the charging circuit (200) comprises a first thyristor (220), an anode of the first thyristor (220) being connected to the second terminal (114) via the first capacitor (210), a cathode of the first thyristor (220) being connected to the first terminal (112) via the switching element (131).

3. The pulse circuit according to claim 2, wherein the switching element (131) comprises a second thyristor (132), the switching circuit (130) further comprises a third thyristor (133) and a second capacitor (134), a cathode of the third thyristor (133) is connected to the first terminal (112), and an anode of the third thyristor (133) is connected to an anode of the second diode (320) via the second capacitor (134).

4. A pulse circuit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the switching element (131) is an insulated gate bipolar transistor.

5. The pulsing circuit of claim 1 wherein said first inductor winding (110) is made of a superconducting material.

6. The pulsing circuit of claim 3 wherein at least one of said first capacitor (210) and said second capacitor (134) is a pulsing capacitor.

7. The pulse circuit (10) of claim 3 wherein at least one of the first thyristor (220), the second thyristor (132), and the third thyristor (133) is a fast thyristor.

8. A pulsed power supply, characterized in that it comprises a pulse circuit (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. An electromagnetic emitting device, characterized in that it comprises a pulsed power supply (20) according to claim 8 and an accelerating device (350), said pulsed power supply (20) being connected to said accelerating device, said pulsed power supply (20) being adapted to power said accelerating device (350).