CN111076819A - Noise equivalent temperature difference device of infrared thermal imager with ultra-large field of view and testing method - Google Patents
Noise equivalent temperature difference device of infrared thermal imager with ultra-large field of view and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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Abstract
The invention provides a noise equivalent temperature difference device and a testing method for an infrared thermal imager with an ultra-large view field. The method solves the problem that the infrared noise equivalent temperature difference of the ultra-large field of view cannot be tested, and obtains the test result meeting the precision requirement; a three-dimensional noise model is introduced, and is subdivided into seven components according to time noise and space noise, so that the noise of the infrared imaging system can be comprehensively evaluated; the invention samples the original gray data without being influenced by the image processing algorithm, and can effectively improve the accuracy of the test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of infrared imaging, in particular to a noise equivalent temperature difference device of an infrared imaging system and a testing method.
Background
The infrared imaging system obtains the heat map distribution of the target and the background by detecting the infrared radiation characteristics. The noise equivalent temperature difference is one of main performance parameters of the infrared imaging system, and can represent the temperature sensitivity of the system to a target. The working distance of the infrared imaging system can be evaluated through laboratory data test of noise equivalent temperature difference.
The traditional noise equivalent temperature difference testing equipment comprises a blackbody radiation source, a target plate, a collimator, an analog video acquisition device, calculation software and a monitor. The schematic diagram of the test equipment is shown in fig. 2. 1 is the black body controller, 2 is the black body radiation source, 3 is the collimation light pipe, 4 is infrared imaging system, 5 is the low pressure difference signal acquisition industrial computer, and 6 is half moon target. The black body radiation source is used for providing radiation energy which can be detected by an infrared imaging system, and the target surface is provided with a hollow half-moon target pattern; the collimating light pipe converts the light source incident from the black body into a parallel light source, so that stray light can be effectively inhibited; the industrial personal computer can complete gray data acquisition of the infrared imaging system and temperature control of the blackbody radiation source. The collected gray scale data comprises two parts, wherein background black body radiation data serve as a basis for calculating noise, and the background black body radiation data and the half-moon target radiation data serve as a basis for calculating signals.
The specific test method is as follows:
1) the infrared imaging system is aligned to the center of the field of view of the collimator of the measuring device, the focal length of the imaging system is adjusted, and the clearest imaging is ensured. Setting the level of the infrared thermal imaging system as a manual gain;
2) adjusting the background temperature to be T1 and the half-moon target temperature to be T2, the temperature difference must be within the linear region of the signal transfer function. Collecting N frames of images (N is not less than 100) in a target area and a background area respectively, wherein each frame of imaging data forms a group of two-dimensional gray array;
3) and testing the noise equivalent temperature difference by using infrared performance testing and analyzing software on the industrial personal computer.
The traditional noise equivalent temperature difference test method has the following defects:
1) because the focal length of the collimator is limited (the general field angle is about 10 degrees), for an infrared imaging system with a large field of view and an ultra-large field of view, the size of a half-moon target on an imaging surface is extremely small, and the national standard calculation requirement cannot be met;
2) the traditional NETD test equipment generally collects analog video signals to perform performance test. Because the laboratory environment is complex, the scene reflected into the parallel light tube is influenced by the image processing algorithm, and the gray data is changed, so that the test result is seriously deviated from the true value. Therefore, the test is required to be adjusted to a manual gain;
3) the signal transfer function of the infrared system is the ratio of the signal value of the corresponding temperature difference between the target and the background and the temperature difference between the target and the background, and has a certain deviation due to the test environment and the test equipment. In the traditional NETD test method, a temperature difference value is generally set artificially as a target and background temperature difference, and if a selected temperature difference point appears in a near nonlinear region or a linear region after being shifted, a test result is greatly influenced;
4) the noise of the infrared imaging system can be divided into time low-frequency noise, time high-frequency noise, space low-frequency noise and space high-frequency noise. The traditional test equipment only uses time high-frequency noise to represent noise information of the infrared imaging system, and does not consider the influence of other components on the infrared imaging system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a noise equivalent temperature difference device of an infrared thermal imager with an ultra-large field of view and a testing method. The invention aims to overcome the limitation of the prior art, provides a large-field-of-view noise equivalent temperature difference testing method by improving the traditional testing method, and can ensure that the testing result meets the precision requirement.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the utility model provides an ultra-large visual field thermal infrared imager noise equivalent temperature difference device, including the black body controller, the black body radiation source, the collimator, infrared imaging system and low pressure difference signal acquisition industrial computer, the black body radiation source is connected to the black body controller, the black body radiation source provides radiant energy, the light source of incidenting with the black body is converted into parallel light source through the collimator and gets into infrared imaging system, infrared imaging system aims at the visual field center of measuring the collimator, transmit test data to the industrial computer, the industrial computer gathers grey data from infrared imaging system, and carry out temperature control to the black body radiation source through the black body controller.
The test method of the noise equivalent temperature difference device of the infrared thermal imager with the ultra-large view field comprises the following steps:
1) the determination of the temperature difference is completed through a signal transfer function;
controlling the temperature range of the black body radiation source to be set to be [ T1 ℃, T2 ℃), acquiring the gray level interval temperature difference Delta T, corresponding to average gray level data G (i) of temperature difference points, and fitting a signal transfer function by using a least square method to obtain a signal transfer function:
wherein, N is the number of acquisition frames, and Delta T (i) is the ith temperature difference;
introducing nonlinear algorithm iteration, calculating and determining a temperature difference value delta Temp meeting the requirement of linearity error, wherein the linearity K is as follows:
2) selecting a region of interest (ROI) of two temperature points, and calculating to obtain the temperature points of 1)
And
and
respectively as a target andthe infrared thermal imaging system acquires data of the two temperature points to obtain temperature difference values of the target and the background, the temperature difference values are respectively used as radiation signals of the target and the background and are respectively marked as G1And G2；
3) Introducing a 3D noise algorithm to divide the time noise and the space noise of the gray data into seven components for calculating the noise N of the infrared imaging systemRMS；
Where T is the number of frames of the gradation data, V is the number of columns of the gradation data, H is the number of rows of the gradation data, GTVHIs the noise mean value G in a time, row and column three-dimensional coordinate systemTAs the mean value of the noise in the down and row directions of the time coordinate system, GVAs the mean value of the noise in the time and row directions in a column-direction coordinate system, GHIs the mean value of the noise in the time and row directions in a column-wise coordinate system, GVHAveraging for each frame yields the mean value of the noise in the time direction, GTHObtaining the mean value of the noise in the column direction for averaging in the time and row directions, GTVAveraging in the time direction and the column direction to obtain a noise mean value in the row direction, wherein M is a three-dimensional noise mean value obtained by averaging in the time direction, the column direction and the row direction;
4) calculating the noise equivalent temperature difference by using a NETD (zaoshengdingxiaowencha) calculation formula:
NETD＝NRMS×ΔTemp/(G2-G1)×ρ1×ρ2
where ρ is1Emissivity of black body, p2Is the percentage of energy after transmission decay.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the method solves the problem that the infrared noise equivalent temperature difference of the ultra-large view field cannot be tested, namely, a blackbody radiation source is used for replacing a half-moon target, the original gray data of a plurality of temperature points are respectively collected, the optimal temperature difference value meeting the linear error requirement is obtained through analysis, and the test result meeting the precision requirement is obtained;
2) the invention introduces a three-dimensional noise model, and the three-dimensional noise model is subdivided into seven components according to time noise and space noise, so that the noise of an infrared imaging system can be comprehensively evaluated;
3) the invention samples the original gray data without being influenced by the image processing algorithm, and can effectively improve the accuracy of the test.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional method.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present invention;
the system comprises a black body controller 1, a black body radiation source 2, a collimating light pipe 3, an infrared imaging system 4 and a low-voltage differential signal acquisition industrial personal computer 5.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
The utility model provides an ultra-large visual field thermal infrared imager noise equivalent temperature difference device, including the black body controller, the black body radiation source, the collimator, infrared imaging system and low pressure difference signal acquisition industrial computer, the black body radiation source is connected to the black body controller, the black body radiation source provides radiant energy, the light source of incidenting with the black body is converted into parallel light source through the collimator and gets into infrared imaging system, infrared imaging system aims at the visual field center of measuring the collimator, transmit test data to the industrial computer, the industrial computer gathers grey data from infrared imaging system, and carry out temperature control to the black body radiation source through the black body controller.
The test method of the noise equivalent temperature difference device of the infrared thermal imager with the ultra-large view field comprises the following steps:
1) the determination of the temperature difference is completed through a signal transfer function;
controlling the temperature range of the black body radiation source to be set to be [ T1 ℃, T2 ℃), acquiring the gray level interval temperature difference Delta T, corresponding to average gray level data G (i) of temperature difference points, and fitting a signal transfer function by using a least square method to obtain a signal transfer function:
wherein, N is the number of acquisition frames, and Delta T (i) is the ith temperature difference;
introducing nonlinear algorithm iteration, calculating and determining a temperature difference value delta Temp meeting the requirement of linearity error, wherein the linearity K is as follows:
2) selecting a region of interest (ROI) of two temperature points, and calculating to obtain the temperature points of 1)
And
and
the infrared thermal imaging system acquires data of the two temperature points to obtain temperature difference values of the target and the background, and the temperature difference values are respectively used as radiation signals of the target and the background and are respectively marked as G1And G2；
3) Introducing a 3D noise algorithm to divide the time noise and the space noise of the gray data into seven components for calculating the noise N of the infrared imaging systemRMS；
Where T is the number of frames of the gradation data, V is the number of columns of the gradation data, H is the number of rows of the gradation data, GTVHIs the noise mean value G in a time, row and column three-dimensional coordinate systemTAs the mean value of the noise in the down and row directions of the time coordinate system, GVAs the mean value of the noise in the time and row directions in a column-direction coordinate system, GHIs the mean value of the noise in the time and row directions in a column-wise coordinate system, GVHFlattening for each frameAll obtain the noise mean value in the time direction, GTHObtaining the mean value of the noise in the column direction for averaging in the time and row directions, GTVAveraging in the time direction and the column direction to obtain a noise mean value in the row direction, wherein M is a three-dimensional noise mean value obtained by averaging in the time direction, the column direction and the row direction;
4) calculating the noise equivalent temperature difference by using a NETD (zaoshengdingxiaowencha) calculation formula:
NETD＝NRMS×ΔTemp/(G2-G1)×ρ1×ρ2
where ρ is1Emissivity of black body, p2Is the percentage of energy after transmission decay.
See the working principle diagram of fig. 1: reference numeral 1 is a black body controller, reference numeral 2 is a black body radiation source, reference numeral 3 is a collimation light pipe, reference numeral 4 is an infrared imaging system, and reference numeral 5 is a low-voltage differential signal acquisition industrial personal computer.
Arranging a testing device as shown in figure 1, and focusing to enable imaging to be clear after an infrared imaging system is electrified and works stably;
the blackbody radiation source was set at 20 ℃ and the temperature was raised to 30 ℃ each time at 0.1 ℃ intervals. And selecting the interested area of the blackbody radiation source as an image acquisition calculation area. Recording gray data corresponding to each blackbody radiation source temperature value;
and calculating a signal transfer function of the infrared imaging system by using a least square method, and iterating according to a given nonlinear error to obtain an optimal temperature difference value. And finishing the correlation calculation according to the calculating party of the noise equivalent temperature difference. It is required to test not less than 3 times and average as a final test result.
1 certain type infrared imaging system NETD test result (part)
| Temperature/. degree.C | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 |
| NETD/mk | 89.9 | 88.7 | 88.9 | 87.1 | 86.1 | 84.1 | 81.4 |
The system comprises a non-refrigeration type infrared thermal imaging system, a refrigeration type area array infrared imaging system and a refrigeration type linear infrared imaging system. The test results are shown in table 2. And the test result of the traditional test equipment is taken as a standard, so that the test error is within 2 percent.
TABLE 2 data sheet for comparison test with standard equipment (part)
| Product(s) | Standard equipment | Method for producing a composite material |
| Uncooled infrared imaging system | 95.2mk | 93.4mk |
| Refrigeration type area array infrared imaging system | 42mk | 42.9mk |
| Refrigeration type linear infrared imaging system | 55.3mk | 55.1mk |
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides an equivalent temperature difference device of super large visual field thermal infrared imager noise which characterized in that:
super large visual field thermal infrared imager noise equivalent temperature difference device, including the black body controller, the black body radiation source, the collimator, infrared imaging system and low pressure difference signal acquisition industrial computer, the black body radiation source is connected to the black body controller, the black body radiation source provides radiant energy, convert the light source of black body incidence into parallel light source through the collimator and get into infrared imaging system, infrared imaging system aims at the visual field center of measuring the collimator, transmit test data to the industrial computer, the industrial computer gathers grey data from infrared imaging system, and carry out temperature control to the black body radiation source through the black body controller.
2. A testing method by using the noise equivalent temperature difference device of the infrared thermal imager with the ultra-large field of view as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the determination of the temperature difference is completed through a signal transfer function;
controlling the temperature range of the black body radiation source to be set to be [ T1 ℃, T2 ℃), acquiring the gray level interval temperature difference Delta T, corresponding to average gray level data G (i) of temperature difference points, and fitting a signal transfer function by using a least square method to obtain a signal transfer function:
wherein, N is the number of acquisition frames, and Delta T (i) is the ith temperature difference;
introducing nonlinear algorithm iteration, calculating and determining a temperature difference value delta Temp meeting the requirement of linearity error, wherein the linearity K is as follows:
2) selecting a region of interest (ROI) of two temperature points, and calculating to obtain the temperature points of 1)
And
and
the infrared thermal imaging system acquires data of the two temperature points to obtain temperature difference values of the target and the background, and the temperature difference values are respectively used as radiation signals of the target and the background and are respectively marked as G1And G2；
3) Introducing a 3D noise algorithm to divide the time noise and the space noise of the gray data into seven components for calculating the noise N of the infrared imaging systemRMS；
Where T is the number of frames of the gradation data, V is the number of columns of the gradation data, H is the number of rows of the gradation data, GTVHIs the noise mean value G in a time, row and column three-dimensional coordinate systemTTo go down in a time coordinate systemNoise mean, G, in the direction and column directionVAs the mean value of the noise in the time and row directions in a column-direction coordinate system, GHIs the mean value of the noise in the time and row directions in a column-wise coordinate system, GVHAveraging for each frame yields the mean value of the noise in the time direction, GTHObtaining the mean value of the noise in the column direction for averaging in the time and row directions, GTVAveraging in the time direction and the column direction to obtain a noise mean value in the row direction, wherein M is a three-dimensional noise mean value obtained by averaging in the time direction, the column direction and the row direction;
4) calculating the noise equivalent temperature difference by using a NETD (zaoshengdingxiaowencha) calculation formula:
NETD＝NRMS×ΔTemp/(G2-G1)×ρ1×ρ2
where ρ is1Emissivity of black body, p2Is the percentage of energy after transmission decay.
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| CN111947785A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-17 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Temperature measurement thermal infrared imager noise equivalent temperature difference calibration method |
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