CN111071049A - Voltage output reverse connection prevention circuit - Google Patents
Voltage output reverse connection prevention circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111071049A CN111071049A CN202010048992.0A CN202010048992A CN111071049A CN 111071049 A CN111071049 A CN 111071049A CN 202010048992 A CN202010048992 A CN 202010048992A CN 111071049 A CN111071049 A CN 111071049A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- resistor
- diode
- electrode
- triode
- reverse connection
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a voltage output reverse connection prevention circuit, which comprises an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube, a triode, a first resistor, a first diode, a second diode and a second resistor, wherein the triode is connected with the first resistor; the source electrode of the MOS tube is connected with an output signal Vout of the transformer, and the drain electrode of the MOS tube is connected with the positive output end; the base electrode of the triode is connected with the enable output signal, the collector electrode of the triode is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube, and the emitter electrode of the triode is grounded; the first end of the first resistor is connected with the forward output end, the second end of the first resistor is connected with the cathode of the first diode, and the anode of the first diode and the cathode of the second diode are both connected with the base electrode of the triode; the positive electrode of the second diode and the first end of the second resistor are both connected with the emitting electrode of the triode, and the second end of the second resistor is connected with the negative output end. The anti-reverse function can be realized, and meanwhile, the second resistor samples the output current of the charger, so that the output charging current of the charger can be controlled and overcurrent protection can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of charging, in particular to a voltage output reverse connection prevention circuit.
Background
With the gradual popularization of electric vehicles, the safety performance of a large-current vehicle charging power supply applied to the vehicle is also concerned widely. The most critical safety performance of electric vehicles is the safety performance of fuel cells. And the automobile power supply is directly connected with the fuel cell, and if the positive end and the negative end of the output of the automobile power supply are reversed, the danger of battery explosion can occur. In the electric vehicle, the cable is complex to assemble, and the condition of connecting the positive end and the negative end of the battery reversely occurs in the assembling and maintaining processes. The power supply can be directly damaged, and the battery explosion can be possibly caused, so that an anti-reverse connection circuit is added into the automobile power supply, and the safety performance of the electric automobile is improved.
At present, the traditional scheme generally adopts a relay with an output end connected in series, a control circuit detects the voltage of the output end and then controls the switch of the relay to be closed. Because the output current of the automobile power supply is more than 100A, the relay can meet the requirements at present, but the relay is resistant to high temperature difference and high in cost. Therefore, a new output reverse connection prevention scheme with high reliability, simple circuit and low cost is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a voltage output anti-reverse connection circuit which can realize an anti-reverse function, and meanwhile, a second resistor R2 samples the output current of a charger, so that the output charging current of the charger can be controlled and overcurrent protection can be realized.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a voltage output reverse connection prevention circuit, which includes a MOS transistor Q1, a triode Q2, a first resistor R1, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, and a second resistor R2;
the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with an output signal Vout of the transformer, and the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the positive output end;
the base electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with an enable output signal, the collector electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS transistor Q1, and the emitter electrode of the triode Q2 is grounded;
a first end of a first resistor R1 is connected with a positive output end, a second end of the first resistor R1 is connected with a negative electrode of a first diode D1, and an anode of the first diode D1 and a negative electrode of a second diode D2 are both connected with a base of a triode Q2;
an anode of the second diode D2 and a first end of the second resistor R2 are both connected to an emitter of the transistor Q2, and a second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to a negative output terminal.
Preferably, the device further comprises a third resistor R3, and the third resistor R3 is connected with the second resistor R2 in parallel.
Preferably, the transistor further comprises a fourth resistor R4, one end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q1, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2.
Preferably, the device further comprises a third diode D3, wherein the anode of the third diode D3 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q1, and the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q1.
Preferably, the device further comprises a fifth resistor R5, and the fifth resistor R5 is connected in parallel with the third diode D3.
Preferably, the third diode D3 is a zener diode.
Preferably, a sixth resistor R6 is connected between the base of the transistor Q2 and the enable output signal.
Preferably, the circuit further comprises a seventh resistor R7, and the seventh resistor R7 is connected in parallel with the second diode D2.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the circuit of the invention has flexible design and simple structure, and can realize the anti-reverse function only by using two diodes D1 and D2 and a second resistor R1.
2. The second resistor R2 can effectively detect the output current of the charger during normal charging, and carry out current limitation and overcurrent protection on the charger or the storage battery.
3. In the reverse connection state, namely the positive output end is connected with the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery, the negative output end is connected with the positive end of the rechargeable battery, the MOS tube can be forced to enter a cut-off state, the reaction speed is high, and the cost is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the anti-reverse connection circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a first state diagram of the reverse connection preventing circuit in the reverse connection condition;
fig. 3 is a state diagram two of the reverse connection preventing circuit in the reverse connection condition.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention discloses a voltage output reverse connection prevention circuit, which comprises a MOS transistor Q1, a triode Q2, a first resistor R1, a first diode D1, a second diode D2 and a second resistor R2. The source of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the output signal Vout of the transformer, and the drain of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the forward output terminal BATTERY +. The base electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with the enable output signal MCU _ CONTROL, the collector electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q1, and the emitter electrode of the triode Q2 is grounded. The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the positive output terminal batt +, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the negative electrode of the first diode D1, and the positive electrode of the first diode D1 and the negative electrode of the second diode D2 are both connected to the base of the transistor Q2. An anode of the second diode D2 and a first end of the second resistor R2 are both connected to an emitter of the transistor Q2, and a second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to a negative output terminal batt-. BATTERY + and BATTERY-are energy storage load signals of a low-voltage storage BATTERY or a super capacitor and the like.
When the positive output terminal BATTERY + is connected with the positive electrode of the BATTERY and the negative output terminal BATTERY-is connected with the negative electrode of the BATTERY when the positive output terminal BATTERY + is normally connected with the energy storage load. The enable output signal MCU _ CONTROL is controlled by the singlechip, the MCU outputs high level in normal work, the triode Q2 is conducted, at the moment, the grid-source voltage of the MOS tube Q1 is negative pressure (larger than the MOS starting threshold), the source electrode and the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 are conducted, so Vout charges BATTERY + and BATTERY-through the MOS tube Q1, and normal charging is realized as shown in figure 1.
As shown in fig. 2, when the positive and negative electrodes of the load BATTERY or super capacitor are connected in reverse, i.e. the positive output terminal BATTERY is connected to the positive electrode of the BATTERY, and the negative output terminal BATTERY + is connected to the negative electrode of the BATTERY. At this time, the load battery or the super capacitor is short-circuited by the current second resistor R2, and the second resistor R2 is a sampling resistor. Meanwhile, D2 is positively biased to be conducted, the conduction voltage drop is 0.7V, namely Vbe of a triode Q2 is-0.7V, and the emitter of the triode is forced to be reversely biased. At this time, the MCU _ CONTROL forces the MOS transistor Q1 to enter a cut-off state regardless of whether the single chip outputs a high level. Therefore, the MOS transistor Q1 in the main circuit is turned off rapidly, and VOUT inside the charger is physically disconnected from the battery at this time, thereby protecting the charger and the battery itself, as shown in fig. 3.
The MOS tube is a P-channel MOSFET.
The invention also comprises a third resistor R3, and the third resistor R3 is connected with the second resistor R2 in parallel. The third resistor R3 and the second resistor R2 are connected in parallel, so that the size of the sampling resistor can be adjusted conveniently, and the output current and the sampling output current of the charger can be controlled more flexibly.
The invention also comprises a fourth resistor R4, wherein one end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with the collector electrode of the triode Q2. The fourth resistor R4 is a voltage dividing resistor.
The invention also comprises a third diode D3, wherein the anode of the third diode D3 is connected with the gate of the MOS transistor Q1, and the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected with the source of the MOS transistor Q1. The invention further comprises a fifth resistor R5, wherein the fifth resistor R5 is connected with the third diode D3 in parallel. When the triode Q2 is turned on, the fifth resistor R5 and the fourth resistor R4 form a voltage division of Vout, the gate driving voltage of the MOS transistor Q1 is controlled within a reasonable range, and the third diode D3 connected in parallel is a zener diode and plays a role in protecting the gate of the MOS transistor Q1, thereby enhancing the reliability of the operation of the MOS transistor Q1 during the charging process.
A sixth resistor R6 is connected between the base of the transistor Q2 and the enable output signal. This facilitates regulation of the magnitude of the base current of transistor Q2.
The invention also comprises a seventh resistor R7, wherein the seventh resistor R7 is connected with the second diode D2 in parallel. R7 acts as a pull-down resistor at the base of transistor Q2 and prevents false conduction of transistor Q2 when the MCU does not provide a signal to transistor Q2.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A voltage output anti-reverse connection circuit is characterized by comprising an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube Q1, a triode Q2, a first resistor R1, a first diode D1, a second diode D2 and a second resistor R2;
the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with an output signal Vout of the transformer, and the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the positive output end;
the base electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with an enable output signal, the collector electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS transistor Q1, and the emitter electrode of the triode Q2 is grounded;
a first end of a first resistor R1 is connected with a positive output end, a second end of the first resistor R1 is connected with a negative electrode of a first diode D1, and an anode of the first diode D1 and a negative electrode of a second diode D2 are both connected with a base of a triode Q2;
an anode of the second diode D2 and a first end of the second resistor R2 are both connected to an emitter of the transistor Q2, and a second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to a negative output terminal.
2. The voltage output anti-reverse connection circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a third resistor R3, wherein the third resistor R3 is connected in parallel with the second resistor R2.
3. The voltage output anti-reverse connection circuit as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a fourth resistor R4, wherein one end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q1, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2.
4. The voltage output anti-reverse connection circuit as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a third diode D3, wherein the anode of the third diode D3 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q1, and the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q1.
5. The voltage output anti-reverse connection circuit according to claim 4, further comprising a fifth resistor R5, wherein the fifth resistor R5 is connected in parallel with a third diode D3.
6. The voltage output anti-reverse connection circuit according to claim 4, wherein the third diode D3 is a zener diode.
7. The voltage output anti-reverse connection circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein a sixth resistor R6 is connected between the base of the transistor Q2 and the enable output signal.
8. The voltage output anti-reverse connection circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a seventh resistor R7, wherein the seventh resistor R7 is connected in parallel with a second diode D2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010048992.0A CN111071049A (en) | 2020-01-16 | 2020-01-16 | Voltage output reverse connection prevention circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010048992.0A CN111071049A (en) | 2020-01-16 | 2020-01-16 | Voltage output reverse connection prevention circuit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111071049A true CN111071049A (en) | 2020-04-28 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010048992.0A Pending CN111071049A (en) | 2020-01-16 | 2020-01-16 | Voltage output reverse connection prevention circuit |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111817561A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-10-23 | 东风柳州汽车有限公司 | Binary channels step-down circuit |
| CN113437726A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-24 | 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Reverse-connection-preventing self-recovery overcurrent protection circuit |
| CN113872262A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-12-31 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery anti-reverse circuit and electronic temperature measuring instrument |
| WO2022141027A1 (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-07-07 | 深圳欣锐科技股份有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted drive anti-reverse connection apparatus and device |
-
2020
- 2020-01-16 CN CN202010048992.0A patent/CN111071049A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111817561A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-10-23 | 东风柳州汽车有限公司 | Binary channels step-down circuit |
| CN111817561B (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2023-03-10 | 东风柳州汽车有限公司 | Two-channel voltage reduction circuit |
| CN113872262A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-12-31 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery anti-reverse circuit and electronic temperature measuring instrument |
| WO2022141027A1 (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-07-07 | 深圳欣锐科技股份有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted drive anti-reverse connection apparatus and device |
| CN113437726A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-24 | 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Reverse-connection-preventing self-recovery overcurrent protection circuit |
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Address after: Building 7, No. 15, Weiting Tingrong Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu Province, 215000 Applicant after: Suzhou Hager Electric Control Co.,Ltd. Address before: 215100 Rongting street, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: SUZHOU HAIGE NEW ENERGY AUTO ELECTRIC CONTROL SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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