CN111066653A - Method for breeding rice three-line sterile line and maintainer line - Google Patents
Method for breeding rice three-line sterile line and maintainer line Download PDFInfo
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- CN111066653A CN111066653A CN202010051038.7A CN202010051038A CN111066653A CN 111066653 A CN111066653 A CN 111066653A CN 202010051038 A CN202010051038 A CN 202010051038A CN 111066653 A CN111066653 A CN 111066653A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002703 mutagenesis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 231100000350 mutagenesis Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000021329 brown rice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/06—Processes for producing mutations, e.g. treatment with chemicals or with radiation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding a rice three-line sterile line and a maintainer line, which comprises the following steps: (1): radiation, (2): direct seeding planting, (3): maintainer selection, (4): sterile line cross, (5): backcrossing, (6): and (4) carrying out continuous backcrossing. The method does not need to perform the hybridization of the maintainer line and the maintainer line or the maintainer line and the conventional rice, and the process is relatively simple. By using60Co-gamma is subjected to maintainer system radiation mutagenesis, which often causes point mutation, and has better effect on improving single or a plurality of characters, particularly the character improvement effect such as grain type, heading stage and the like.60Co-gamma mutagenesis often causes variation of partial loci of maintainer lines, single plants which meet the target can be stably planted in a short time, and when new maintainer lines which meet the target appear, the maintainer lines can be directly hybridized and backcrossed with sterile lines to breed new sterile lines. The method accelerates the cultivation process of sterile line and maintainer line.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rice breeding, and particularly relates to a method for breeding a rice three-line sterile line and a maintainer line.
Background
The success of the rice three-line matching plays an important role in the utilization process of the rice heterosis, and the breeding of a new three-line sterile line is the key for breeding a new variety of excellent hybrid rice of rice. The current method for breeding the three-line sterile line and the maintainer line is as follows: firstly, hybridizing and backcrossing a maintainer line to be improved with a maintainer line containing target characters or conventional rice, and directionally breeding a new maintainer line with improved target characters; and secondly, hybridizing the obtained new maintainer line with the sterile line, and carrying out continuous backcross to obtain a new sterile line.
The existing technical scheme for cultivating the three-line sterile line and the maintainer line of the rice is as follows: hybridizing a maintainer line needing to be improved with a maintainer line containing target characters or conventional rice and the like to obtain F1 generations, continuously planting to generate F2 generations of population, directionally selecting a maintainer line single plant with improved target characters, continuously planting until the maintainer line single plant is stable, and obtaining a new maintainer line; then the sterile line is crossed with the new maintainer line and is continuously backcrossed to finally obtain the new three-line sterile line of the rice.
(1) One of the disadvantages of this technique is: the hybridization process is time consuming and laborious due to the need to perform maintainer line hybridization with maintainer line or conventional rice.
(2) The second disadvantage of the prior art is that: due to the existence of linkage drag, undesirable traits are often introduced while the maintainer trait of interest is improved, and targeted improvement of the trait of interest is not achieved.
(3) The third disadvantage of the prior art: the maintainer line needs to be stable through long-time selfing, so the breeding process is longer.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to provide a method for breeding a rice three-line sterile line and a maintainer line, and solve the problems of long breeding time and labor waste in the hybridization process of the existing method.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for breeding a rice three-line sterile line and a maintainer line comprises the following steps:
(1): radiation: selecting maintainer seeds in need of improvement, using60Performing radiation mutagenesis on Co-gamma to obtain M0 generation maintainer line seeds;
(2): direct seeding and planting: directly seeding M0 generation maintainer line seeds obtained by mutagenesis in the step (1) in the same year, collecting seeds on main spikes of each individual plant and mixing when the seeds are mature to obtain M1 generation maintainer line seeds;
(3): selecting a maintainer line: continuously planting the M1 generation maintainer line seeds collected in the step (2), selecting maintainer line single plants meeting the breeding target when the seeds are mature, and collecting the seeds to obtain M2 generation maintainer line seeds;
(4): and (3) sterile line hybridization: and (4) continuing planting the M2 generation maintainer line seeds selected in the step (3). When in flowering, the excellent single plant is selected as a male parent and is hybridized with the corresponding sterile line to generate new sterile line seeds. Collecting maintainer line single plants used as male parents during maturation to obtain M3 generation maintainer line seeds;
(5): backcrossing: and (4) continuously planting the new sterile line seeds obtained in the step (4) and the M3 generation maintainer line seeds obtained in the step (4). When in flowering, selecting excellent sterile single plants and maintainer line single plants which accord with breeding targets to carry out backcross continuously, and continuously generating new sterile line seeds and maintainer line seeds;
(6): continuous backcrossing: continuously selecting sterile plants and maintainer line single plants to be continuously backcrossed according to the method in the step (5), and obtaining stable sterile lines and maintainer lines by the continuous backcross for 6-8 generations, namely breeding new sterile lines and maintainer lines by a three-line method.
2. The method for breeding the rice three-line sterile line and the maintainer line according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the radiation dose for the radiation mutagenesis is 280Gy, and the radiation time is 2 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method does not need to perform the hybridization of the maintainer line and the maintainer line or the maintainer line and the conventional rice, and the process is relatively simple.
2. By using60Co-gamma is subjected to maintainer system radiation mutagenesis, so that point mutation is often caused, and the improvement effect on single characters, particularly on characters such as grain type and heading stage is better.
3、60Co-gamma mutagenesis often causes variation of partial loci of maintainer lines, and single plants meeting the target can be stably planted in a short time.
4. When the maintainer line meeting the target variation appears, the maintainer line can be directly hybridized and backcrossed with the sterile line, thus accelerating the cultivation process of the sterile line.
Detailed Description
Example 1: sterile line flood 199A with grain shape growing obtained by radiation mutagenesis
The first step is as follows: radiation: in the spring of 2014, the maintainer line Wufeng B seed is used60Performing radiation mutagenesis on Co-gamma, wherein the radiation dose is 280Gy, and the irradiation time is 2h to obtain M0 generation maintainer line seeds;
the second step is that: direct seeding and planting: in summer 2014, M0 generation maintainer line seeds obtained by mutagenesis are directly planted in Nanchang. Collecting seeds on each single plant main spike and mixing when the seeds are mature to obtain M1 generation maintainer line seeds;
the third step: selecting a maintainer line: in the winter of 2014, M1 generation maintainer line seeds harvested in the summer of 2014 are continuously planted in Hainan. When the seeds are mature, obtaining single plants with longer grain length and collecting the seeds, namely obtaining M2 generation maintainer line seeds with longer grain length;
the fourth step: and (3) sterile line hybridization: in summer 2015, M2 generation maintainer line selected in winter 2014 is planted in Nanchang (about 40 plants). When the flower blooms, the excellent single plant (the grain shape is obviously longer than that of the Wufeng B, and the plant type is excellent) is selected to be hybridized with the Wufeng A to generate new sterile line seeds. Collecting maintainer line single plants used as male parents for planting when the seeds are ripe, and obtaining M3 generation maintainer line seeds;
the fifth step: backcrossing: in the winter of 2015, the seeds of the sterile line and the maintainer line produced in summer of 2015 were further planted in Hainan (40 plants each). When in flowering, selecting a single plant of an excellent sterile line (with long grain shape and excellent plant type) and a single plant of an excellent maintainer line (with long grain shape and excellent plant type) to continue hybridization (namely backcross for 1 generation) to generate new sterile line seeds and maintainer line seeds;
and a sixth step: continuous backcrossing: continuously selecting excellent sterile plants and maintainer line single plants for continuous backcross in Hainan and Nanchang according to the method of the fifth step. In 2018, in winter, a sterile line and a maintainer line are orderly and consistent obtained in Nanchang, the aspect ratio of the sterile line brown rice is 4.1, and is obviously increased compared with Wufeng A (the aspect ratio of the brown rice is 3.0). The sterile line and the maintainer line are planted in large area in Nanchang of 2019, the field is uniform, the sterile line is named as flood 199A, and the corresponding maintainer line is named as flood 199B.
Example 2: sterile line Hongwa with changed grain length and growth period obtained by radiation mutagenesis
The first step is as follows: radiation: in the spring of 2014, the maintainer line Wufeng B seed is used60And (3) performing radiation mutagenesis on the Co-gamma, wherein the radiation dose is 280Gy, and the irradiation time is 2h, so as to obtain M0 generation maintainer line seeds.
The second step is that: direct seeding and planting: in summer 2014, M0 generation maintainer line seeds obtained by mutagenesis are directly sown in Nanchang, and seeds on main ears of each individual plant are collected and mixed when the seeds are mature to obtain M1 generation maintainer line seeds.
The third step: selecting a maintainer line: in the winter of 2014, M1 generation maintainer line seeds harvested in the summer of 2014 are continuously planted in Hainan. When the seeds are ripe, obtaining a maintainer line with a longer grain length and a longer growth period and collecting the seeds, namely obtaining M2 generation seeds of the maintainer line with a longer grain length and a longer growth period;
the fourth step: and (3) sterile line hybridization: in summer 2015, seeds of M2 generation selected in winter 2014 are grown and the growth period of the maintainer line is prolonged, and the seeds are continuously planted in Nanchang (about 40 plants). When in flowering, the excellent single plant is selected as a male parent and hybridized with Wufeng A to generate new sterile line seeds. Collecting maintainer line single plants used as male parents when the seeds are mature to obtain M3 generation seeds;
the fifth step: backcrossing: in the winter of 2015, the seeds of the sterile line and the maintainer line produced in summer of 2015 were further planted in Hainan (40 plants each). When in flowering, selecting the excellent single plant in the sterile line to continue to hybridize with the excellent single plant in the maintainer line (namely backcross for 1 generation) to generate new sterile line seeds and maintainer line seeds;
and a sixth step: continuous backcrossing: continuously selecting excellent sterile plants and maintainer line single plants for continuous backcross in Hainan and Nanchang according to the method of the fifth step. In 2019, a regular and consistent sterile line is obtained in Nanchang, the length-width ratio of the sterile line brown rice grains is 3.6, the growth period is prolonged by about 10 days compared with Wufeng B, the sterile line is named as Hongwu A, and the corresponding maintainer line is named as Hongwu B.
Claims (2)
1. A method for breeding a rice three-line sterile line and a maintainer line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1): radiation: selecting maintainer seeds in need of improvement, using60Performing radiation mutagenesis on Co-gamma to obtain M0 generation maintainer line seeds;
(2): direct seeding and planting: directly seeding M0 generation maintainer line seeds obtained by mutagenesis in the step (1) in the same year, collecting seeds on main spikes of each individual plant and mixing when the seeds are mature to obtain M1 generation maintainer line seeds;
(3): selecting a maintainer line: continuously planting the M1 generation maintainer line seeds collected in the step (2), selecting maintainer line single plants meeting the breeding target when the seeds are mature, and collecting the seeds to obtain M2 generation maintainer line seeds;
(4): and (3) sterile line hybridization: and (4) continuing planting the M2 generation maintainer line seeds selected in the step (3). When in flowering, the excellent single plant is selected as a male parent and is hybridized with the corresponding sterile line to generate new sterile line seeds. Collecting maintainer line single plants used as male parents during maturation to obtain M3 generation maintainer line seeds;
(5): backcrossing: and (4) continuously planting the new sterile line seeds obtained in the step (4) and the M3 generation maintainer line seeds obtained in the step (4). When in flowering, selecting excellent sterile single plants and maintainer line single plants which accord with breeding targets to carry out backcross continuously, and continuously generating new sterile line seeds and maintainer line seeds;
(6): continuous backcrossing: continuously selecting sterile plants and maintainer line single plants to be continuously backcrossed according to the method in the step (5), and obtaining stable sterile lines and maintainer lines by the continuous backcross for 6-8 generations, namely breeding new sterile lines and maintainer lines by a three-line method.
2. The method for breeding the rice three-line sterile line and the maintainer line according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the radiation dose for the radiation mutagenesis is 280Gy, and the radiation time is 2 h.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010051038.7A CN111066653A (en) | 2020-01-17 | 2020-01-17 | Method for breeding rice three-line sterile line and maintainer line |
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| CN202010051038.7A CN111066653A (en) | 2020-01-17 | 2020-01-17 | Method for breeding rice three-line sterile line and maintainer line |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1283384A (en) * | 2000-08-18 | 2001-02-14 | 朱永峰 | Sterile line of hybridized rice with albino marker character on leaves and its new combination |
| CN102524050A (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2012-07-04 | 福建农林大学 | Purple leaf rice sterile line and breeding method thereof |
| CN103782901A (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2014-05-14 | 福建省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Method for breeding erected-wheatear indica type three-line sterile line |
| US20160326536A1 (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2016-11-10 | Exalt State Holdings Limited | Reproduction of female sterility lines and its application in hybrid seed production |
| CN108419670A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-08-21 | 赣州市农业科学研究所 | A kind of long fringe neck novel rice sterile line breeding method |
| CN108935083A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2018-12-07 | 江西农业大学 | A kind of a small amount of propagation method of Three-line rice male-sterile seed |
-
2020
- 2020-01-17 CN CN202010051038.7A patent/CN111066653A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1283384A (en) * | 2000-08-18 | 2001-02-14 | 朱永峰 | Sterile line of hybridized rice with albino marker character on leaves and its new combination |
| CN102524050A (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2012-07-04 | 福建农林大学 | Purple leaf rice sterile line and breeding method thereof |
| US20160326536A1 (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2016-11-10 | Exalt State Holdings Limited | Reproduction of female sterility lines and its application in hybrid seed production |
| CN103782901A (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2014-05-14 | 福建省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Method for breeding erected-wheatear indica type three-line sterile line |
| CN108419670A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-08-21 | 赣州市农业科学研究所 | A kind of long fringe neck novel rice sterile line breeding method |
| CN108935083A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2018-12-07 | 江西农业大学 | A kind of a small amount of propagation method of Three-line rice male-sterile seed |
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