CN111060411B - Intelligent rock mass creep shear testing machine and testing method - Google Patents
Intelligent rock mass creep shear testing machine and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111060411B CN111060411B CN201911375494.0A CN201911375494A CN111060411B CN 111060411 B CN111060411 B CN 111060411B CN 201911375494 A CN201911375494 A CN 201911375494A CN 111060411 B CN111060411 B CN 111060411B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 232
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007660 shear property test Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012520 frozen sample Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0228—Low temperature; Cooling means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0236—Other environments
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent rock mass creep shear testing machine and a testing method, wherein the testing machine comprises a machine body frame device, a shearing device, a power system, a heating-refrigerating system and an intelligent data acquisition and analysis system; the machine body frame device is a supporting component, the shearing device, the power system and the heating-refrigerating system are arranged on the machine body frame device, the shearing device and the power system are used for shearing a sample and collecting shearing data, the heating-refrigerating system simulates different shearing environments, and the data intelligent collecting and analyzing system is used for receiving the shearing data and analyzing the shearing data. The method can simulate the environment of the reduced rock mass, and can test the creep shear strength parameters of the rock mass at high temperature, normal temperature and freezing humidity, thereby improving the accuracy of the creep shear strength parameters of the rock mass; the method has the advantages of low application cost, simplicity in operation, high precision, intelligent simulation of the environment of the rock mass and the like, and has popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rock mass creep shear testing machine, in particular to an intelligent rock mass creep shear testing machine and a testing method.
Background
the intelligent rock creep shear testing machine is developed by using the theory of subjects such as rock mechanics, rock creep-rheology, soil mechanics, mechanical and hydraulic transmission principle, slope engineering, etc. as guidance. In the field of geotechnical engineering research, a large number of geotechnical tests and rock mechanical tests are required to determine physical and mechanical parameters of rock and soil mass and be used for researching rock mechanical properties of geotechnical engineering. For the research on the creep property of the rock mass, the creep shear strength of the rock mass is a key parameter. At present, a rock mass creep shear test is a basic method for measuring a creep shear strength parameter of a rock mass, and main equipment adopted is a three-axis rock mass creep shear tester. At present, the device can not realize the integrated operation of temperature change and humidity, and the measured test data is often only rock mass creep shear data at normal temperature and has certain error with rock mass creep shear strength data at different ground temperatures under actual burial depth. Therefore, the environment of the taken rock core is restored as much as possible, and the accuracy of the parameter data of the rock mass creep shear strength test is improved, so that the development of an intelligent rock mass creep shear testing machine with variable temperature and humidity is very necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent rock mass creep shear testing machine and a testing method, which are used for simulating and reducing the environment of a taken rock mass and improving the accuracy of the test parameter data of the rock mass creep shear strength.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an intelligent rock mass creep shear testing machine comprises a machine body frame device, a shearing device, a power system, a heating-refrigerating system and an intelligent data acquisition and analysis system;
the machine body frame device comprises a machine body base, a machine body bearing platform, an upright post and a transverse plate, wherein the bottom end of the upright post is fixedly connected with the machine body base, the top end of the upright post is connected with the transverse plate through a transverse plate pin, and the machine body bearing platform is arranged in the middle of the upright post;
the shearing device and the power system comprise a shearing box, a sample top cover, a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor, a shearing oil cylinder, a vertical oil cylinder, a shearing oil cylinder servo motor, a shearing oil cylinder hydraulic pump, a vertical oil cylinder servo motor, a vertical oil cylinder hydraulic pump, a hydraulic oil tank, a pressure relay, a servo motor set regulator, a standard weight, a fixed pulley and a shearing traction rope; the shearing box comprises an upper shearing box and a lower shearing box, the lower shearing box is of a double-wall structure with a closed bottom end and an open top end, the bottom end of the lower shearing box is placed on a machine body bearing platform, the upper end and the lower end of the upper shearing box are both of an open structure, the bottom end of the upper shearing box is connected with the inner wall of the lower shearing box through screws, a sample top cover is arranged in a shearing space enclosed by the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box, a fixed pulley is arranged on the machine body bearing platform, one end of a shearing traction rope is connected with the outer wall of one side of the upper shearing box, a standard weight is hung on the other side of the shearing traction rope after the fixed pulley is wound, a sensor support is arranged on the machine body bearing platform on the side opposite to the side where the fixed pulley is arranged, a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor are arranged on the sensor support, and the outer wall of the other side of the upper shearing box is connected with the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor; a shearing oil cylinder is arranged in the same side direction as the fixed pulley, a base of the shearing oil cylinder is connected with the upright column, a piston rod of the shearing oil cylinder is connected with the outer side of the outer wall of the lower shearing box, a base of the vertical oil cylinder is connected with the transverse plate, a vertical pressure loading shaft is arranged at the bottom end of the piston rod of the vertical oil cylinder, and the axis of the vertical pressure loading shaft is superposed with the central line of the sample top cover; the shearing oil cylinder hydraulic pump and the vertical oil cylinder hydraulic pump are respectively and electrically connected with the servo motor set regulator through a shearing oil cylinder servo motor and a vertical oil cylinder servo motor, the shearing oil cylinder is communicated with a hydraulic oil tank through a shearing oil cylinder hydraulic pump through a hydraulic oil pipe, and the vertical oil cylinder is communicated with the hydraulic oil tank through a vertical oil cylinder hydraulic pump through a hydraulic oil pipe;
the heating-refrigerating system comprises a shearing environment test box, a humidifier and a heating-refrigerating device, wherein the shearing environment test box is arranged on a machine body bearing platform and covers the outside of a shearing box, the top of the shearing environment test box is provided with a hole for a vertical pressure loading shaft to pass through, one side surface of the shearing environment test box is provided with two holes for a shearing oil cylinder and a shearing traction rope to pass through respectively, and the other side surface of the shearing environment test box is provided with a hole for a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor to pass through; the humidifier and the heating-refrigerating device are positioned outside the shearing environment test box, the humidifier is communicated with the inside of the shearing environment test box through a humidifying pipe, a heating-refrigerating pipeline is arranged inside the side wall of the shearing environment test box, and two ends of the heating-refrigerating pipeline are communicated with the heating-refrigerating device;
the intelligent data acquisition and analysis system comprises a terminal acquisition processor and a data transmission lead, and the pressure sensor, the displacement sensor and the servo motor set regulator are respectively and electrically connected with the terminal acquisition processor through the data transmission lead.
Furthermore, the heating-refrigerating pipeline is spirally coiled inside the side wall of the shearing environment test box.
Furthermore, a humidifying head is arranged at the end part of the humidifying pipe positioned in the shearing environment test box.
Furthermore, the bottom end of the vertical compression loading shaft is of an embedded ball structure, when shearing motion occurs, the bottom end of the vertical compression loading shaft cannot move along with the movement of the sample top cover, and the vertical compression loading shaft can realize relative movement with the sample top cover.
A shear test method of an intelligent rock mass creep shear test machine comprises the steps of placing a sample in a shear box, placing a sample top cover on the top surface of the sample, and vertically pressing the bottom end of a loading shaft against the sample top cover to vertically press the sample top cover;
the standard weight pulls the upper shearing box to move to one side of the standard weight through a shearing traction rope and a fixed pulley, a stress point of the lower shearing box on the same side as the standard weight is in rigid contact with a piston rod of a shearing oil cylinder and keeps still, the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box move relatively to shear a sample to one side of the standard weight, and the displacement of the upper shearing box is transmitted to a terminal acquisition processor by a displacement sensor in real time; standard weight uses its weight to provide constant shear forcefThe test determines the shear force at constantfDeformation, deformation speed and acceleration data of the sample under the action; the vertical hydraulic cylinder respectively applies different normal loads to a plurality of samples in the same groupσThe deformation, deformation speed and acceleration data obtained by the shear test of each sample are collected and analyzed by a terminal acquisition processor to determine the shear creep failure rule of the sample;
a piston rod of the shearing oil cylinder extends to push the lower shearing box to move, one side of the upper shearing box, which is in contact with the pressure sensing device, is blocked by the pressure sensing device to move relative to the lower shearing box, and the lower shearing box shears the sample towards one side of the pressure sensing device; constant shear rate of extension of shear cylindervThe shear strength of the sample is measured by a pressure sensing device and transmitted to a terminal acquisition processor, which measures the shear strength at constant shear ratevDisplacement deformation and shear strength of test specimen under the conditionτThe change rule of (2); the vertical hydraulic cylinder respectively applies different normal loads sigma to a plurality of samples in the same group, and displacement deformation and shear strength tau obtained by the shear test of each sample are collected and analyzed by a terminal acquisition processor to determine the shear creep failure rule of the samples.
Further, the constant shear force is appliedfOr constant shear ratevDuring a shearing test, moisture is added into the shearing environment test box by the humidifier, and the shearing strength parameters of the test sample under different humidity conditions are measured.
Further, the constant shear force is appliedfOr constant shear ratevIn the shear test, the heater-freezer supplies cold air into the shear environment test chamber to maintain the temperature of the sample and prevent the sample from melting, so as to measure the shear strength parameter of the sample in the frozen state.
Further, the constant shear force is appliedfOr constant shear ratevIn the shear test, the heating-refrigerating device supplies hot air into the shear environment test chamber to melt the sample in an accelerated manner so as to determine the shear strength parameter of the frozen sample in the melting environment.
Further, the constant shear force is appliedfOr constant shear ratevDuring a shearing test, the heating-refrigerating device sequentially and alternately transmits cold air and hot air to the shearing environment test box to carry out freezing-melting circulation on the sample so as to determine the shearing strength parameters and the change rule of the sample under the conditions of different freezing-melting circulation times n.
Compared with the prior art, the method can simulate the environment of the reduced rock mass, and can test the creep shear strength parameters of the rock mass at high temperature, normal temperature and freezing humidity, so that the accuracy of the creep shear strength parameters of the rock mass is improved; the method has the advantages of low application cost, simplicity in operation, high precision, intelligent simulation of the environment of the rock mass and the like, and has popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the shear box;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
in the figure: 1. a pull rope connecting rod; 2. a sensor holder; 3. a sensor support rod; 4. a terminal acquisition processor; 5. a machine body base; 6. a machine body bearing platform; 7. a column; 8. a transverse plate; 9. a transverse plate pin; 10. an upper shearing box; 11. a lower shear box; 12. a sample; 13. shearing a box cover; 14. a ball bearing; 15. a pressure sensor; 16. a displacement sensor; 17. shearing an oil cylinder; 18. a vertical hydraulic cylinder; 19. a shear cylinder servo motor; 20. a shearing oil cylinder hydraulic pump; 21. a vertical hydraulic cylinder servo motor; 22. a hydraulic pump of a vertical hydraulic cylinder; 23. a vertical compression loading shaft; 24. a hydraulic oil tank; 25. a pressure relay; 26. a servo motor unit regulator; 27. a hydraulic oil pipe; 28. standard weights; 29. a fixed pulley; 30. shearing the hauling rope; 31. shearing an environmental test chamber; 32. a humidifying pipe; 33. a humidifier; 34. a humidifying head; 35. a heat-freezer; 36. a heating-cooling line; 37. and a data transmission conductor.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the invention provides an intelligent rock mass creep shear testing machine: the intelligent data acquisition and analysis system comprises a machine body frame device, a shearing device, a power system, a heating-refrigerating system and an intelligent data acquisition and analysis system;
the machine body frame device is a main supporting part and comprises a machine body base 5, a machine body bearing platform 6, four stand columns 7 and a transverse plate 8, wherein the bottom ends of the four stand columns 7 are fixedly connected with four corners of the machine body base 5, the top ends of the four stand columns 7 are connected with the four corners of the transverse plate 8 through transverse plate pins 9, the machine body bearing platform 6 is arranged in the middle of each stand column 7, and the machine body bearing platform 6 is fixedly connected with the stand columns 7;
the shearing device and the power system comprise a shearing box, a sample top cover 13, a pressure sensor 15, a displacement sensor 16, a shearing oil cylinder 17, a vertical oil cylinder 18, a shearing oil cylinder servo motor 19, a shearing oil cylinder hydraulic pump 20, a vertical oil cylinder servo motor 21, a vertical oil cylinder hydraulic pump 22, a hydraulic oil tank 24, a pressure relay 25, a servo motor set regulator 26, a standard weight 28, a fixed pulley 29 and a shearing traction rope 30;
the shearing box comprises an upper shearing box 10 and a lower shearing box 11, the lower shearing box 11 is a double-wall structure with a closed bottom end and an open top end, the bottom end of the lower shearing box 11 is placed on a machine body bearing platform 6, in order to reduce the friction force between the bottom of the lower shearing box 11 and the machine body bearing platform 6 and further improve the shearing test precision, balls 14 are arranged between the bottom surface of the lower shearing box 11 and the machine body bearing platform 6, the upper end and the lower end of the upper shearing box 10 are both of an open structure, before a sample 12 is placed, the bottom end of the upper shearing box 10 is connected with the inner wall of the lower shearing box 11 through screws so as to ensure the coaxiality of the upper shearing box 10 and the lower shearing box 11 when the sample 12 is placed, the sample 12 is placed in a shearing space surrounded by the upper shearing box 10 and the lower shearing box 11, a sample top cover 13 is arranged on the top surface of the sample 12, the screws are taken down to separate the upper shearing box 10 from the lower shearing box 11 after the sample 12 is placed, a fixed pulley 29 is arranged on the machine body bearing platform 6, one end of a shearing traction rope 30 is connected with the outer wall of one side of the upper shearing box 10, a standard weight 28 is hung on the other side of the shearing traction rope after bypassing the fixed pulley 29, a sensor support 2 is arranged on the machine body bearing platform 6 on the side opposite to the side where the fixed pulley 29 is arranged, a pressure sensor 15 and a displacement sensor 16 are arranged on the sensor support 2, and the outer wall of the other side of the upper shearing box 10 is connected with the pressure sensor 15 and the displacement sensor 16;
a shearing oil cylinder 17 is arranged in the same side direction as the fixed pulley 29, the base of the shearing oil cylinder 17 is connected with the upright post 7, the piston rod of the shearing oil cylinder 17 is connected with the outer side of the outer wall of the lower shearing box 11, the base of the vertical oil cylinder 18 is connected with the transverse plate 8, the bottom end of the piston rod of the vertical oil cylinder 18 is provided with a vertical pressure loading shaft 23, and the axis of the vertical pressure loading shaft 23 is superposed with the central line of the sample top cover 13;
the shearing cylinder servo motor 19, the shearing cylinder hydraulic pump 20, the vertical cylinder servo motor 21, the vertical cylinder hydraulic pump 22, the hydraulic oil tank 24 and the servo motor set regulator 26 are all arranged on the machine body base 5, the shearing cylinder hydraulic pump 20 and the vertical cylinder hydraulic pump 22 are respectively and electrically connected with the servo motor set regulator 26 through the shearing cylinder servo motor 19 and the vertical cylinder servo motor 21, the shearing cylinder 17 is communicated with the hydraulic oil tank 24 through a hydraulic oil pipe 27 and the shearing cylinder hydraulic pump 20, the vertical cylinder 18 is communicated with the hydraulic oil tank 24 through the vertical cylinder hydraulic pump 22 and the hydraulic oil pipe 27 communicated with the shearing cylinder hydraulic pump 20 and the vertical cylinder 18 and the vertical cylinder hydraulic pump 22 through the hydraulic oil pipe 27, and a pressure relay 25 is respectively arranged on the hydraulic oil pipe 27 communicated with the shearing cylinder hydraulic pump 17 and the shearing cylinder hydraulic pump 20 and the hydraulic oil pipe 27 communicated with the vertical cylinder hydraulic pump 22;
the heating-refrigerating system comprises a shearing environment test box 31, a humidifier 33 and a heating-refrigerating device 35, wherein the shearing environment test box 31 is arranged on a machine body bearing platform 6 and covers the outside of a shearing box, in order to facilitate the replacement of a sample 12, an openable and closable sealed door is arranged on the shearing environment test box 31, a hole for a vertical pressure loading shaft 23 to pass through is formed in the top of the shearing environment test box 31, two holes are formed in one side surface of the shearing environment test box 31 and used for a shearing oil cylinder 17 and a shearing traction rope 30 to pass through respectively, and a hole for a pressure sensor 15 and a displacement sensor 16 to pass through is formed in the other side surface of the shearing environment test box 31; the humidifier 33 and the heating-refrigerating device 35 are positioned outside the shearing environment test box 31, the humidifier 33 is communicated with the inside of the shearing environment test box 31 through the humidifying pipe 32, the end part of the humidifying pipe 32 positioned inside the shearing environment test box 31 is provided with a humidifying head 34, and the humidifying head 34 is tightly attached to one side wall of the shearing environment test box 31;
in order to improve the traction effect of the shearing hauling rope 30, a hauling rope connecting rod 1 is additionally arranged, one end of the hauling rope connecting rod 1 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the upper shearing box 10, and the other end of the hauling rope connecting rod 1 penetrates through a hole formed in the side surface of the shearing environment test box 31 and then is connected with the shearing hauling rope 30;
in order to improve the contact stability of the pressure sensor 15 and the displacement sensor 16 with the upper shearing box 10, the sensor supporting rod 3 is additionally arranged, one end of the inner side of the sensor supporting rod 3 penetrates through a hole formed in the side surface of the shearing environment test box 31 and then is fixedly connected with the side wall of the upper shearing box 10, one end of the outer side of the sensor supporting rod is positioned outside the shearing environment test box 31, the end part of the outer side of the sensor supporting rod is provided with a vertical supporting surface, and the pressure sensor 15 and the displacement sensor 16 are connected with the supporting surface of the outer side of the sensor supporting rod 3;
a heating-refrigerating pipeline 36 is arranged inside the side wall of the shearing environment test box 31, the heating-refrigerating pipeline 36 is spirally coiled inside the side wall of the shearing environment test box 31, and two ends of the heating-refrigerating pipeline 36 are communicated with the heating-refrigerating device 35 to form a loop, so that the temperature inside the shearing environment test box 31 can be effectively kept constant; the intelligent data acquisition and analysis system comprises a terminal acquisition processor 4 and a data transmission lead 37, wherein the pressure sensor 15, the displacement sensor 16 and the servo motor group regulator 26 are respectively and electrically connected with the terminal acquisition processor 4 through the data transmission lead 37.
The intelligent rock mass creep shear testing machine provided by the invention can realize the test of the shearing creep rupture rule of the sample 12 under constant shearing force and constant shearing speed, when the rock mass creep shear test is carried out, the sample 12 is placed in the shear box firstly, then the screw is removed to separate the upper shear box 10 from the lower shear box 11, the sample top cover 13 is placed on the top surface of the sample 12, and the bottom end of the vertical compression loading shaft 23 is propped against the sample top cover 13;
constant shear force test specimen 12 shear creep failure law: the standard weight 28 pulls the upper shearing box 10 to move to one side of the standard weight 28 through the shearing traction rope 30 and the fixed pulley 29, the stress point of the lower shearing box 11 on the same side with the standard weight 28 is in rigid contact with the piston rod of the shearing oil cylinder 17 and keeps still, the relative movement of the upper shearing box 10 and the lower shearing box 11 shears the sample 12 to one side of the standard weight 28, and the displacement of the upper shearing box 10 is transmitted to the terminal acquisition processor 4 by the displacement sensor 16 in real time for statistics and drawing a displacement curve; standard weight 28 uses its weight to provide constant shear forcefThe test determines the shear force at constantfDeformation, deformation speed and acceleration data of the sample 12 under the action; in order to test the accuracy of data, the vertical hydraulic cylinder 18 applies different normal loads sigma to a plurality of samples 12 in the same group, and deformation, deformation speed and acceleration data obtained by the shear test of each sample 12 are collected and analyzed by the terminal acquisition processor 4 to determine the shear creep failure rule of the sample 12.
When the constant shear rate tests the shear creep rupture law of the sample 12: a piston rod of the shearing oil cylinder 17 extends to push the lower shearing box 11 to move, one side of the upper shearing box 10, which is in contact with the pressure sensing device 15, is blocked by the pressure sensing device 15 to move relative to the lower shearing box 11, and the lower shearing box 11 shears the sample 12 towards one side of the pressure sensing device 15; constant shear rate of extension of the shear cylinder 17vThe pressure sensing device 15 measures the shear strength of the sample 12, held constant, and transmits it to the terminal acquisition processor 4, which measures the shear strength at constant shear ratevDisplacement deformation and shear strength of sample 12 under the conditionsτThe change rule of (2); in order to test the accuracy of data, the vertical hydraulic cylinder 18 applies different normal loads sigma to a plurality of samples 12 in the same group, and the displacement deformation and the shear strength tau obtained by the shear test of each sample 12 are collected and analyzed by the terminal acquisition processor 4 to determine the shear creep failure rule of the sample 12.
Constant shear forcefOr constant shear ratevWhen the shear sample 12 is tested, the shear creep failure rule of the sample 12 under different temperature and humidity conditions can be simulated by matching with the humidifier 33 and the heating-refrigerating device 35: the humidifier 33 adds moisture into the shear environment test box 31, and measures the shear strength parameters of the sample 12 under different humidity conditions; the heater-freezer 35 supplies cold air into the shear environment test chamber 31 to maintain the temperature of the sample 12 and prevent the sample 12 from melting, so as to measure the shear strength parameter of the sample 12 in a frozen state; the heating-freezing device 35 supplies hot gas into the shear environment test box 31 to accelerate melting of the sample 12 so as to measure the shear strength parameter of the frozen sample 12 in a melting environment, and the heating-freezing device 35 alternately transmits cold gas and hot gas to the shear environment test box 31 in sequence so as to carry out freeze-melting circulation on the sample 12 so as to measure the shear strength parameter and the change rule of the sample 12 under the conditions of different times n of freeze-thaw circulation.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any minor modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An intelligent rock mass creep shear testing machine is characterized by comprising a machine body frame device, a shearing device, a power system, a heating-refrigerating system and an intelligent data acquisition and analysis system;
the machine body frame device comprises a machine body base (5), a machine body bearing platform (6), an upright post (7) and a transverse plate (8), wherein the bottom end of the upright post (7) is fixedly connected with the machine body base (5), the top end of the upright post (7) is connected with the transverse plate (8) through a transverse plate pin (9), and the machine body bearing platform (6) is arranged in the middle of the upright post (7);
the shearing device and the power system comprise a shearing box, a sample top cover (13), a pressure sensor (15), a displacement sensor (16), a shearing oil cylinder (17), a vertical oil cylinder (18), a shearing oil cylinder servo motor (19), a shearing oil cylinder hydraulic pump (20), a vertical oil cylinder servo motor (21), a vertical oil cylinder hydraulic pump (22), a hydraulic oil tank (24), a pressure relay (25), a servo motor set regulator (26), a standard weight (28), a fixed pulley (29) and a shearing traction rope (30);
the shearing box comprises an upper shearing box (10) and a lower shearing box (11), the lower shearing box (11) is of a double-wall structure with the bottom end closed and the top end open, the bottom end of the lower shearing box (11) is placed on a machine body bearing platform (6), balls (14) are arranged between the bottom surface of the lower shearing box (11) and the machine body bearing platform (6), the upper end and the lower end of the upper shearing box (10) are of an open structure, the bottom end of the upper shearing box (10) is connected with the inner wall of the lower shearing box (11) through screws, a sample top cover (13) is arranged in a shearing space enclosed by the upper shearing box (10) and the lower shearing box (11), a fixed pulley (29) is arranged on the machine body bearing platform (6), one end of a shearing and traction rope (30) is connected with the outer wall of one side of the upper shearing box (10), a standard weight (28) is suspended at the other end of the shearing traction rope after passing around the fixed pulley (29), and a sensor support (2) is arranged on the machine body bearing platform (6) on the side opposite to the fixed pulley (29), a pressure sensor (15) and a displacement sensor (16) are arranged on the sensor support (2), and the outer wall of the other side of the upper shearing box (10) is connected with the pressure sensor (15) and the displacement sensor (16);
a shearing oil cylinder (17) is arranged in the same side direction as the fixed pulley (29), the base of the shearing oil cylinder (17) is connected with the upright post (7), the piston rod of the shearing oil cylinder (17) is connected with the outer side of the outer wall of the lower shearing box (11), the base of the vertical oil cylinder (18) is connected with the transverse plate (8), the bottom end of the piston rod of the vertical oil cylinder (18) is provided with a vertical pressure loading shaft (23), and the axis of the vertical pressure loading shaft (23) is superposed with the central line of the sample top cover (13);
the shearing oil cylinder hydraulic pump (20) and the vertical oil cylinder hydraulic pump (22) are respectively electrically connected with the servo motor set regulator (26) through a shearing oil cylinder servo motor (19) and a vertical oil cylinder servo motor (21), the shearing oil cylinder (17) is communicated with a hydraulic oil tank (24) through a shearing oil cylinder hydraulic pump (20) through a hydraulic oil pipe (27), and the vertical oil cylinder (18) is communicated with the hydraulic oil tank (24) through the vertical oil cylinder hydraulic pump (22) through the hydraulic oil pipe (27); a pressure relay (25) is respectively arranged on a hydraulic oil pipe (27) communicated with the shearing oil cylinder (17) and the shearing oil cylinder hydraulic pump (20) and a hydraulic oil pipe (27) communicated with the vertical oil cylinder (18) and the vertical oil cylinder hydraulic pump (22);
the heating-refrigerating system comprises a shearing environment test box (31), a humidifier (33) and a heating-refrigerating device (35), wherein the shearing environment test box (31) is arranged on a machine body bearing platform (6) and covers the outside of a shearing box, the top of the shearing environment test box (31) is provided with a hole for a vertical pressure loading shaft (23) to pass through, one side surface of the shearing environment test box (31) is provided with two holes for a shearing oil cylinder (17) and a shearing traction rope (30) to pass through respectively, and the other side surface of the shearing environment test box (31) is provided with a hole for a pressure sensor (15) and a displacement sensor (16) to pass through; the humidifier (33) and the heating-refrigerating device (35) are positioned outside the shearing environment test box (31), the humidifier (33) is communicated with the inside of the shearing environment test box (31) through a humidifying pipe (32), a heating-refrigerating pipeline (36) is arranged inside the side wall of the shearing environment test box (31), and two ends of the heating-refrigerating pipeline (36) are communicated with the heating-refrigerating device (35);
a sensor supporting rod (3) is additionally arranged, one end of the inner side of the sensor supporting rod (3) penetrates through a hole formed in the side face of the shearing environment test box (31) and then is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the other side of the upper shearing box (10), one end of the outer side is located outside the shearing environment test box (31), a longitudinal vertical supporting surface is arranged at the end part of the outer side, and a pressure sensor (15) and a displacement sensor (16) are connected with the supporting surface at one end of the outer side of the sensor supporting rod (3);
the intelligent data acquisition and analysis system comprises a terminal acquisition processor (4) and a data transmission lead (37), and the pressure sensor (15), the displacement sensor (16) and the servo motor set regulator (26) are respectively and electrically connected with the terminal acquisition processor (4) through the data transmission lead (37).
2. The intelligent rock mass creep shear tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heating-refrigerating pipeline (36) is spirally coiled and arranged inside the side wall of the shearing environment test box (31).
3. The intelligent rock mass creep shear tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the end part of the humidifying pipe (32) positioned in the shearing environment test box (31) is provided with a humidifying head (34).
4. The intelligent rock mass creep shear tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom end of the vertical compression loading shaft (23) is of an embedded ball structure.
5. A shear test method of an intelligent rock mass creep shear tester as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: placing a sample (12) in the shear box, placing a sample top cover (13) on the top surface of the sample (12), pressing the bottom end of the vertical pressure loading shaft (23) against the sample top cover (13), and vertically pressing the sample top cover (13);
when a constant shearing force fshear test is carried out, a standard weight (28) pulls an upper shearing box (10) to move to one side of the standard weight (28) through a shearing traction rope (30) and a fixed pulley (29), a stress point of the lower shearing box (11) on the same side with the standard weight (28) is in rigid contact with a piston rod of a shearing oil cylinder (17) and keeps still, the relative movement of the upper shearing box (10) and the lower shearing box (11) shears a sample (12) to one side of the standard weight (28), and the displacement of the upper shearing box (10) is transmitted to a terminal acquisition processor (4) by a displacement sensor (16) in real time; the standard weight (28) provides a constant shearing force f by using the weight thereof, and measures the deformation, the deformation speed and the acceleration data of the sample (12) under the action of the constant shearing force f; the vertical hydraulic cylinder (18) respectively applies different normal loads sigma to a plurality of samples (12) in the same group, deformation speed and acceleration data obtained by the shear test of each sample (12) are collected and analyzed by the terminal acquisition processor (4), and the shear creep failure rule of the samples (12) is determined;
when a constant shearing speed v shear test is carried out, a piston rod of a shearing oil cylinder (17) extends to push a lower shearing box (11) to move, one side of an upper shearing box (10), which is in contact with a pressure sensor (15), is blocked by the pressure sensor (15) to move relative to the lower shearing box (11), and the lower shearing box (11) shears a sample (12) towards one side of the pressure sensor (15); the constant shearing speed v of the stretching of the shearing oil cylinder (17) is kept unchanged, the shear strength of the sample (12) is measured by the pressure sensor (15) and is transmitted to the terminal acquisition processor (4), and the change rules of the displacement deformation and the shear strength tau of the sample (12) under the condition of the constant shearing speed v are measured; the vertical hydraulic cylinder (18) respectively applies different normal loads sigma to a plurality of samples (12) in the same group, and displacement deformation and shear strength tau obtained by the shear test of each sample (12) are collected and analyzed by the terminal acquisition processor (4) to determine the shear creep failure rule of the sample (12);
when the constant shearing force f or the constant shearing speed v shear test is carried out, the humidifier (33) adds moisture into the shear environment test box (31) and measures the shear strength parameters of the test sample (12) under different humidity conditions.
6. The shear test method of the intelligent rock mass creep shear test machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the constant shear force f or constant shear velocity v shear test, the heater-cooler (35) supplies cold air into the shear environment test chamber (31) to maintain the temperature of the sample (12) and prevent the sample (12) from melting, so as to measure the shear strength parameter of the sample (12) in the frozen state.
7. The shear test method of the intelligent rock mass creep shear test machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the constant shear force f or constant shear velocity v shear test, the heating-refrigerating device (35) feeds hot air into the shear environment test chamber (31) to accelerate the melting of the sample (12) so as to determine the shear strength parameter of the frozen sample (12) in the melting environment.
8. The shear test method of the intelligent rock mass creep shear test machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: when the constant shearing force f or the constant shearing speed v is used for a shearing test, the heating-refrigerating device (35) sequentially and alternately transmits cold air and hot air to the shearing environment test box (31) to carry out freezing-melting circulation on the sample (12) so as to measure the shearing strength parameters and the change rule of the sample (12) under the conditions of different freezing-melting circulation times n.
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| CN112504870A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-03-16 | 大连理工大学 | Test system and method for directly measuring interface shear strength at different temperatures |
| CN113720705A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-11-30 | 成都理工大学 | Multifunctional rock structural surface shear creep system and testing method thereof |
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