CN108918819B - Multi-parameter micro test device for simulating dry-wet cycle and use method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-parameter micro test device for simulating dry-wet cycle and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-parameter micro test device for simulating dry and wet circulation and a use method thereof, which relate to the technical field of soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering, and comprise a box body, a base, a soil sample box and a control panel, and further comprise a measuring system, a sampling system, a dry and wet circulation system and a displacement control system which are connected with the control panel; the hot air generated by the hot air generating device and the wet steam generated by the ultrasonic steam generating device enter the soil sample from the soil sample box after being pressurized by the turbine pressurizing device, and meanwhile, the moisture content change in the whole process is detected through the optical fiber, so that the control of dry-wet circulation is realized. The invention has the advantages that the miniature static force contact probe can measure the penetration resistance of the cone tip of the soil body, the cross shear plate can measure the non-drainage shear strength and the shear modulus of the soil sample, and the relation between the two is analyzed by tests aiming at specific soft soil samples, so that the most convenient and feasible scheme can be provided for calculating the shear strength of the on-site soil body through the static force penetration test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering, in particular to a multi-parameter micro test device for simulating dry-wet circulation and a use method thereof.
Background
Firstly, a field cross plate shear test is a main field test method, but is often limited by field condition conditions, the shear test can not be implemented when the depth of the soft soil is greater, the test process is complex and time-consuming, and the test result is also influenced by factors such as the depth of the soil and the shear speed; secondly, indoor unconfined compressive strength and triaxial shear test are carried out, the method is often influenced by factors such as sampling of soft soil samples and difficulty in sample preparation, and the experimental result is also influenced by the quality of the samples, so that the inaccuracy is large; thirdly, the non-drainage shear strength of the soft soil is obtained by utilizing the static sounding index, and the method is wide in applicability, rapid, simple and convenient and is a good method. The field cross plate shear test is generally only used for soft soil, and the results can be used for estimating the bearing capacity of a soft soil foundation, estimating the bearing capacity of a single pile, determining the critical height of a soft soil roadbed and analyzing the stability of the foundation. In contrast, the static sounding has more conditions or wider range, and can be used for filling soil, general cohesive soil, sandy soil and the like, the achievements can be used for dividing soil layers, determining soil types, estimating foundation bearing capacity, estimating single pile bearing capacity, estimating strength indexes C, phi values, deformability indexes and the like of the soil, and in addition, the non-drainage shear strength of the soft soil is obtained through a linear correlation relation between the static sounding specific penetration resistance P or cone head resistance q and the non-drainage shear strength C.
When the basic strength and deformation characteristics of the soil are tested, only single soil single index such as soil compression modulus, clay non-drainage strength, side friction resistance, shear strength or shear modulus can be tested at each time, and no test equipment for multi-parameter comprehensive measurement on the same sample exists.
In the prior art, in an indoor static sounding test for researching soil bodies, only cone tip resistance is generally measured, the influence of side friction resistance is not considered, and the obtained test data has no accuracy. Meanwhile, as the pore water pressure is not monitored in real time in the penetration process, the resistance of the cone tip cannot be reasonably corrected, the resistance of the cone tip cannot reasonably reflect the mechanical property of soil, and the seepage and consolidation characteristics of the soil cannot be evaluated. The reliability of soil stratification and soil property classification cannot be guaranteed.
The prior cross plate shear test is used for testing the non-drainage shear strength of field soil, and a cross plate shear apparatus developed aiming at an indoor test is not designed according to the change of the shear strength index of expansive soil in the dry-wet cycle process, so that the shear strength of the same soil sample under different dry-wet cycle times cannot be provided.
In the prior art, synchronous sampling is not set in the indoor test process, so that the basis is lacked when the test result is analyzed, and the current basic physical property of the soil body cannot be monitored and fed back.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to comprehensively test multiple internal mechanical indexes of a soil body in a dry-wet cycle manner and synchronously sample in the test process, provides a multi-parameter measuring instrument for determining the soil characteristic parameters of special soft clay, is specially used for testing and researching the internal mechanical characteristics and structural characteristics of the soil body of the soft clay in various specific states such as different water contents, different compactibility, different dry-wet cycle times and the like, perfects the defects of the related research in the past, and designs a multi-parameter micro test device for simulating the dry-wet cycle and a using method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the multi-parameter micro test device for simulating dry and wet circulation comprises a box body, a base, a soil sample box and a control panel, wherein the box body is rotatably arranged on the base; the measuring system comprises a cross shear plate for measuring the shear strength of the soil sample, a miniature static contact probe for measuring the penetration resistance and the pore water pressure, an optical fiber for measuring the water content and an optical fiber demodulator, and is used for measuring various physical and mechanical parameters of the soil body; the sampling system comprises a sampler for taking samples at different positions and depths; the sampler, the miniature static touch probe and the cross shear plate are all arranged in the box body, measurement and sampling of a soil sample in the soil sample box are realized through a displacement control system, the optical fiber is distributed in the soil sample box, and the optical fiber demodulator is arranged outside the box body; the dry-wet circulation system comprises a turbine pressurizing device, a hot air generating device and an ultrasonic steam generating device, hot air generated by the hot air generating device and wet steam generated by the ultrasonic steam generating device enter a soil sample from a soil sample box after being pressurized by the turbine pressurizing device, and meanwhile, the moisture content change in the whole process is detected through optical fibers, so that the control of dry-wet circulation is realized.
Furthermore, the displacement control system comprises a displacement controller and two cross beams, the two cross beams are vertically crossed to form four tracks, the cross beams are suspended in the box body through telescopic shafts arranged in the middle of the box body, and the sampler, the miniature static touch probe and the cross shear plate realize horizontal movement on the cross beams through the displacement controller; the box body is rotatably arranged on the base through a base rotating bead, and the displacement controller is connected with the telescopic shaft in a control mode.
Furthermore, the lower part of the telescopic shaft is aligned with the soil sample box.
Furthermore, the turbine pressurizing device, the hot air generating device and the ultrasonic steam generating device are arranged outside the box body, and the wet steam and the hot air enter the soil sample from the bottom of the soil sample box after being pressurized by the turbine pressurizing device.
Further, still include moment of torsion digital display and pore water pressure digital display, moment of torsion digital display and pore water pressure digital display are connected with control panel and set up in the top outside of box.
A method for using a multi-parameter micro test device for simulating dry-wet circulation comprises opening a valve of an ultrasonic steam generator, preheating the ultrasonic steam generator for 1min, opening a turbine pressure device and an optical fiber demodulator to allow water vapor to enter from the bottom of a sample, meanwhile, the change of the water content displayed by the optical fiber demodulator is noticed, when the humidity value required to be simulated is reached, the turbine pressurizing device and the ultrasonic steam generating device are closed and kept stand for 1 to 2min, after the water content value is stabilized, only a valve of the hot air generating device is opened, the hot air generating device is preheated for 2min, the turbine pressurizing device is opened, controlling the degree of dry-wet circulation by controlling the change of the moisture content, closing the turbine pressurizing device and the hot air generating device when the required moisture content is achieved, standing for 1-2 min, so that the complete dry-wet circulation is achieved, and setting different dry-wet circulation times according to the test requirements; after the positions of the sampler, the miniature static contact probe and the cross shear plate on the cross beam are adjusted through the displacement controller, the whole cross beam is controlled to displace downwards, the downward displacement is stopped and the required value is measured after the soil sample is penetrated by a certain depth, and the cross beam returns to the original position after the measurement and the sampling are finished; the relation between the space change of each numerical value in the pattern and the dry-wet cycle is represented in a cloud chart form.
The multi-parameter micro test device for simulating dry and wet cycles and the use method thereof manufactured by the technical scheme of the invention have the beneficial effects that:
the miniature static force contact probe can measure the penetration resistance of the conical tip of the soil body, the cross shear plate can measure the non-drainage shear strength and the shear modulus of the soil sample, the relation between the specific soft soil sample and the soil sample is analyzed through a test, and the simplest and most convenient and feasible scheme can be provided for calculating the shear strength of the on-site soil body through a static force contact test. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) through the integration of a miniature static force contact probe, a cross shear plate and a sampler, various parameters can be obtained through one-time detection, and the improvement mechanism and the effect of the sample can be known conveniently for analyzing the anisotropy in the sample.
(2) Through the combined application of the integrated micro static contact probe and the cross shear plate, the synchronous acquisition of the shear strength and the cone tip resistance data is realized, and a shear strength empirical formula expressed by the cone tip resistance can be deduced.
(3) The method can simulate the dry-wet circulation action in a natural state, reduces the complicated test flow of the traditional mode, and can truly simulate and evaluate the mechanical property and the structural property inside the sample after the dry-wet circulation.
(4) The resistance of the cone tip can be corrected through measuring the pore water pressure, so that the resistance of the cone tip can truly and reasonably reflect the mechanical property of the soil sample.
(5) The same sample can be measured after multiple dry-wet cycles, and compared with the traditional test method, the method eliminates errors caused by different samples, saves time and improves efficiency.
(6) The miniature static force touch probe, the cross shear plate and the sampler are arranged on the cross beam, horizontally reciprocate along the cross beam guide rail, and then are horizontally rotated to position any point in space accurately and quickly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the test apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the beam and measurement system connection of the present invention.
In the above figures, 1, torque digital display; 2. a pore water pressure digital display; 3. a displacement controller; 4. a cross beam; 5. a torque sensor; 6. a control panel; 7. a sampler; 8. a miniature static force touch probe; 9. a cross shear plate; 10. a box body; 11. rotating beads on the base; 12. an optical fiber; 13. a turbo-charging device; 14. a hot air generating device; 15. an ultrasonic steam generating device; 16. an optical fiber demodulator; 17. a base; 18. a power source; 19. a soil sample box; 20. a telescopic shaft.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments is as follows:
a multi-parameter micro test device for simulating dry and wet circulation and a using method thereof are disclosed, as shown in figure 1, the device comprises a box body 10, a base 17, a soil sample box 19 and a control panel (not shown), wherein the box body 10 is rotatably arranged on the base 17, the soil sample box 19 is arranged in the box body 10, and the device further comprises a measuring system, a sampling system, a dry and wet circulation system and a displacement control system which are connected with the control panel.
The measuring system comprises a cross shear plate 9 for measuring the shear strength of a soil sample, a miniature static contact probe 8 for measuring the penetration resistance and the pore water pressure, an optical fiber 12 for measuring the water content and an optical fiber demodulator 16, and is used for measuring various physical and mechanical parameters of the soil body, wherein the sampling system is mainly provided with a sampler 7 for carrying out other related experiments to analyze and summarize the depth after obtaining samples at different positions and depths.
Sampler 7, miniature static force touch probe 8 and cross shear plate 9 all set up in box 10 and realize measuring the sample to the soil sample in the soil sample box 19 through the displacement control system, here, refer to fig. 2, the displacement control system can include displacement controller 3 and two crossbeams 4, two crossbeams 4 vertical cross arrangement form four tracks, crossbeam 4 hangs in box 10 through the telescopic shaft 20 that sets up at box 10 middle part, sampler 7, miniature static force touch probe 8 and cross shear plate 9 realize the horizontal migration on crossbeam 4 through displacement controller 3, box 10 changes pearl 11 rotation setting on base 17 through the base, can realize the rotational displacement of arbitrary angle, displacement controller 3 control connection telescopic shaft 20, telescopic shaft 20's below is just to soil sample box 19, with the soil sample result and the convenient design control program of measuring a plurality of positions department. Through the combination of the three motion modes, the sampler 7, the miniature static contact probe 8 and the cross shear plate 9 can be fully covered in three-dimensional space at each position of the sample.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the optical fibers 12 are disposed within the soil sample box 19, and in particular, the optical fibers 12 are disposed on the inner wall of the soil sample box 19. The optical fiber demodulator 16 is arranged outside the box body 10, the dry-wet circulation system comprises a turbine pressurizing device 13, a hot air generating device 14 and an ultrasonic steam generating device 15, hot air generated by the hot air generating device 14 and wet steam generated by the ultrasonic steam generating device 15 can enter a soil sample from the bottom of the soil sample box 19 after being pressurized by the turbine pressurizing device 13, and meanwhile, the change of the water content in the whole process is detected through the optical fiber 12, so that the control of the dry-wet circulation is realized.
Still include moment of torsion digital display 1 and pore water pressure digital display 2, moment of torsion digital display 1 and pore water pressure digital display 2 are connected with control panel and set up in the top outside of box 10, convenient control and regulation.
Data processing
Measuring the shear strength: firstly, measuring the diameter D (m) of the cross shear plate and the diameter D of the shaft lever of the cross shear platel(m) and a reticle height H (m). Wherein: the height of the damaged soil body is the height of the cross plate, and the diameter of the damaged soil body is the diameter of the cross plate head.
If the torque applied during shearing failure is M, the torque is equal to the resisting torque of the soil body during shearing, i.e. the torque is equal to the resisting torque of the soil body during shearing
When diameter D of the shaft leverlWhen sufficiently small, the last term of the polynomial is ignored and the above equation reduces to:
get Cv＝＝ChWith CuWhen two parameters are replaced by the shear strength of the soil body to be measured, the formula is further simplified:
cone tip resistance q detectable by micro static cone penetrationpSide friction resistance qsAnd pore water pressure PwThe resistance q of the conical tip is summarized by carrying out a plurality of tests on the samplepValue and non-drainage shear strength CuValues are linearly related.
Shear strength empirical formula:
Cu＝aqp+b
wherein: and a and b are empirical coefficients aiming at the water content and the compactness of the tested soil body in the test according to the cross plate shearing and static sounding synchronous test.
Formula for calculating permeability coefficient
Wherein: gamma raywWater gravity, α cone angle, sigmav0Is the initial vertical effective stress; u is cone head penetration speed; a is the radius of the conical head; kDIs a permeability coefficient index.
The application also provides a method for the test device, a valve of the ultrasonic steam generating device 15 is opened, the turbine pressurizing device 13 and the optical fiber demodulator 16 are opened after the ultrasonic steam generating device is preheated for 151min, so that water vapor enters from the bottom of the sample, meanwhile, paying attention to the change of the water content displayed by the optical fiber demodulator 16, closing the turbine pressurizing device 13 and the ultrasonic steam generating device 15 when the humidity value required to be simulated is reached, standing for 1-2 min, only opening a valve of the hot air generating device 14 after the water content value is stable, preheating the hot air generating device for 142min, opening the turbine pressurizing device 13, controlling the degree of dry-wet circulation by controlling the change of the moisture content, closing the turbine pressurizing device 13 and the hot air generating device 14 when the required moisture content is achieved, standing for 1-2 min, so that the complete dry-wet circulation is achieved, and setting different dry-wet circulation times according to the test requirements;
after the positions of the sampler 7, the miniature static contact probe 8 and the cross shear plate 9 on the cross beam 4 are adjusted through the displacement controller 3, the whole cross beam 4 is controlled to partially displace downwards, when the soil sample is penetrated by a certain depth, the downward displacement is stopped and the required value is measured, and the cross beam 4 returns to the original position after the measurement and sampling are finished; the relation between the space change of each numerical value in the pattern and the dry-wet cycle is represented in a cloud chart form.
The invention has been described above with reference to a preferred embodiment, but the scope of protection of the invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made and equivalents can be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention, and features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict, and any reference sign in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned, from which the embodiment is to be regarded as being exemplary and non-limiting in any way. Therefore, all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A multi-parameter micro test device for simulating dry and wet circulation comprises a box body (10), a base (17), a soil sample box (19) and a control panel, wherein the box body (10) is rotatably arranged on the base (17), and the soil sample box (19) is arranged in the box body (10), and is characterized by further comprising a measuring system, a sampling system, a dry and wet circulation system and a displacement control system which are connected with the control panel;
the measuring system comprises a cross shear plate (9) for measuring the shear strength of the soil sample, a miniature static contact probe (8) for measuring the penetration resistance and the pore water pressure, an optical fiber (12) for measuring the water content and an optical fiber demodulator (16), and is used for measuring various physical and mechanical parameters of the soil body; the sampling system comprises a sampler (7) for taking samples at different positions and depths; the sampler (7), the miniature static force contact probe (8) and the cross shear plate (9) are all arranged in the box body (10) and realize measurement and sampling of the soil sample in the soil sample box (19) through a displacement control system, the optical fiber (12) is arranged in the soil sample box (19), and the optical fiber demodulator (16) is arranged outside the box body (10);
the dry-wet circulation system comprises a turbine pressurizing device (13), a hot air generating device (14) and an ultrasonic steam generating device (15), hot air generated by the hot air generating device (14) and wet steam generated by the ultrasonic steam generating device (15) enter a soil sample from a soil sample box (19) after being pressurized by the turbine pressurizing device (13), and meanwhile, the moisture content change in the whole process is detected through an optical fiber (12), so that the control of the dry-wet circulation is realized.
2. The multiparameter miniature test device for simulating the dry-wet cycle according to claim 1, wherein the displacement control system comprises a displacement controller (3) and two cross beams (4), the two cross beams (4) are vertically arranged in a crossed manner to form four tracks, the cross beams (4) are suspended in the box body (10) through telescopic shafts (20) arranged in the middle of the box body (10), and the sampler (7), the miniature static touch probe (8) and the cross shear plate (9) realize horizontal movement on the cross beams (4) through the displacement controller (3); the box body (10) is rotatably arranged on the base (17) through a base rotating bead (11), and the displacement controller (3) is in control connection with the telescopic shaft (20).
3. The multiparameter micro test device for simulating dry-wet cycles of claim 2, wherein the lower portion of the telescopic shaft (20) is aligned with the soil sample box (19).
4. The multiparameter micro test device for simulating the dry-wet cycle according to claim 2, wherein the turbine pressurizing device (13), the hot air generating device (14) and the ultrasonic steam generating device (15) are arranged outside the box body (10), and the wet steam and the hot air enter the soil sample from the bottom of the soil sample box (19) after being pressurized by the turbine pressurizing device (13).
5. The multiparameter miniature test device for simulating dry-wet cycle as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a torque digital display (1) and a pore water pressure digital display (2), wherein the torque digital display (1) and the pore water pressure digital display (2) are connected with a control panel and are arranged outside the top end of the box body (10).
6. A use method of the test device of any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, a valve of the ultrasonic steam generating device (15) is opened, the turbo pressurizing device (13) and the optical fiber demodulator (16) are opened after the ultrasonic steam generating device (15) is preheated for 1min, so that the water vapor enters from the bottom of the sample, meanwhile, the change of the water content displayed by the optical fiber demodulator (16) is noticed, when the humidity value required to be simulated is reached, the turbo pressurizing device (13) and the ultrasonic steam generating device (15) are closed and kept still for 1 to 2min, after the water content value is stabilized, only the valve of the hot air generating device (14) is opened, the hot air generating device (14) is preheated for 2min, the turbo pressurizing device (13) is opened, the degree of the dry-wet cycle is controlled by controlling the change of the water content, the turbo pressurizing device (13) and the hot air generating device (14) are closed and kept still for 1 to 2min when the water content is, so far, the method is a complete dry-wet cycle, and different dry-wet cycle times are set according to test requirements;
after the positions of the sampler (7), the miniature static contact probe (8) and the cross shear plate (9) on the cross beam (4) are adjusted through the displacement controller (3), the whole cross beam (4) is controlled to partially displace downwards, when the soil sample is penetrated by a certain depth, the downward displacement is stopped, the required value is measured, and the cross beam (4) returns to the original position after the measurement and the sampling are finished; the relation between the space change of each numerical value in the pattern and the dry-wet cycle is represented in a cloud chart form.
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