CN107101892A - The lateral dead load of triaxial compressions reverses Rock And Soil test device under hole - Google Patents
The lateral dead load of triaxial compressions reverses Rock And Soil test device under hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN107101892A CN107101892A CN201710410722.8A CN201710410722A CN107101892A CN 107101892 A CN107101892 A CN 107101892A CN 201710410722 A CN201710410722 A CN 201710410722A CN 107101892 A CN107101892 A CN 107101892A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/22—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady torsional forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0021—Torsional
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0044—Pneumatic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/005—Electromagnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
Abstract
Rock And Soil test device is reversed the invention provides a kind of lateral dead load of triaxial compressions under hole, including frame, the lateral experiment portion for carrying out lateral experiment and torsion test is installed on the top of the frame, the vertical experiment portion for carrying out triaxial pressure test is installed in the bottom of frame, and measurement data is obtained by measuring cell and the test cell positioned at ground data main frame is delivered to by cable.The present invention can carry out the lateral dead load of triaxial compressions in situ under any depth, various Rock And Soils, the hole of various moisture content and reverse Rock And Soil experiment, obtain the multinomial intensity index of Rock And Soil, fully meet field experiment indices requirement.Realize original position accurately and rapidly to test Rock And Soil, solve the problem of current rock mass in-situ test lacks easy to use, measurement result accurate measuring apparatus, can be widely used for the Rock And Soil strength test of big ground industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geological exploration field, more particularly to one kind can realize that ground in-situ Rock And Soil is lateral simultaneously
In situ strength test device under the hole of dead load, torsion and Rock And Soil triaxial compression test in situ.
Background technology
The in-situ test intensive parameter of Rock And Soil has obvious by comparison with the conventional method of laboratory test intensive parameter
Advantage：
1) in-situ test under ground body opening can be carried out in proposed place, without sampling, it is to avoid because sampling due to disturbance
The problems such as disturbance of a series of problems brought, such as original state ground sample and change of moisture content；
2) the ground size religion laboratory experiment involved by in-situ test more greatly, thus can more reflect the grand of Rock And Soil
See influence of the structure to the mechanical property of Rock And Soil.
Rock And Soil engineering investigation stage of the in-situ test work mainly before structure engineering design is carried out, it is necessary to
The physical and mechanical parameter of ground is obtained there is provided to data based on design department, therefore, it is necessary to accomplish data it is accurate, can
Lean on, stably, the design structure of Cai Huishi design departments is safe and reliable, and then ensure the safety of life and property.
At present, the in-situ test of the soil body is tested including static load test on the ground, shearing experiment and cuts experiment greatly
Deng；Lower cross shear experiment, lateral loading test, static sounding, dynamic sounding, Standard piercing are tested etc. with drilling.
The experiment of rock mass mainly has rock mass deformation experiment, rock mass strength experiment, rock point load intensity experiment, rock mass sound
Ripple detection (sonic test, acoustic logging, the sonic test of rocvk classification that include surrounding rock of chamber relaxation zone), subgrade settlement are real
Test, the experiment of country rock convergent deformation, the engineering geology displaying figure of chamber etc..
Failure mode of the rock mass under external load or Unloading Effect, which is generally, breaks bad and tension destruction, wherein shearing
Destruction is in the great majority.Therefore, the essence of rock mass damage is exactly failure by shear and tension breakdown strength, the survey in situ of rock mass strength
Examination mainly measures shearing and the tensile strength of rock mass.The ground experiment in situ used at present, can measure the angle of friction of rock mass
C and cohesive forceValue, c,Value is the important indicator of rock mass strength, and it represents the performance that rock mass resists failure by shear.
Rock mass structure unit is by sillar (block, tabular, complete or fragmentation), structural plane (weak structural face, heavily fortified point
Rigid structure face) and the composition such as charges, due to the inhomogeneities of development and the distribution of various structural planes, make its deformation properties
It is more much more complex than rock deformation, thus the deformation of rock mass can not be stated by the deformation of rock, it is necessary to tested by rock mass deformation
Determine it and deform index.Rock mass deformation experiment is to deform spy under certain load effect or Unloading Effect to determine rock mass
Property index and the rock mass field experiment carried out.Deformation modulus, modulus of elasticity and deformation coefficient of rock mass etc. is determined by experiment
Indispensable Mechanics Parameters of Rock Mass in rock engineering.The experiment can obtain the deformation modulus and modulus of elasticity of rock mass.
The physical and mechanical parameter of rock mass is basic data, if cannot get exact value, and the intensity to any rock mass engineering project is set
Meter, deformation analysis, stability, just accurately cannot design and evaluate, so most engineering discipline has safety coefficient
To increase safe guarantee.For colliery engineering, it is related to the design basis data of roadway support, clearly measures tunnel and enclose
The mechanics parameter of rock, to ensure reasonability, economical cost and the duration of design of its support；Expansion rate, scope and the expansion of relaxation zone
Open up rule etc.；Country rock numerical simulation under unloading condition, to be also accurately obtained the mechanics parameter of each layer rock mass of country rock can just obtain
Preferable result.
Rock mass in-situ test is to prepare the effect of test specimen model engineering at the scene to apply external load to rock mass, and then asks for rock
The test method of mechanics parameter, is one of important means of geotechnical engineering investigation.The great advantage of rock mass in-situ test is pair
Rock mass disturbance is small, and the natural structure and ambient condition of rock mass are maintained as much as possible, make the Mechanics Parameters of Rock Mass measured it is directly perceived,
Accurately.
At present, the in-situ test of rock mass is usually to carry out different experiments respectively using multiple independent equipment, further according to
The test data of distinct device obtains dependence test result, and which causes test process cumbersome tediously long, lacks realization full-automatic
The intelligent test device of change.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to provide one kind to carry out Rock And Soil original position triaxial compressions-lateral dead load-torsion under hole
The device of strengths of rock and soil test in situ under the hole of Rock And Soil.
Especially, the present invention provides triaxial compressions under hole-lateral dead load-torsion Rock And Soil test device, including provides
It is provided with the frame of installing space, the frame：
Lateral experiment portion, installed in the top of the frame, including the fixing pipe being fixed in the frame axis, and
It is actively set on the rotating cylinder outside fixing pipe, and radially movable the multiple arcs for being arranged on the rotating cylinder circumference is anti-
Power plate, the radial direction power set between the reaction plate and the rotating cylinder, and drive the rotating cylinder and described
The rotary power unit of reaction plate synchronous rotary；
Vertical experiment portion, is fixed on the bottom of the frame, including cuts the topping machanism of ground vertically downward, and
The triaxial compression test device of triaxial pressure test is carried out to the ground of cutting inside the topping machanism；
Test cell, the measurement data in the lateral experiment portion and the vertical experiment portion is obtained by measuring cell, and
Data host positioned at ground is delivered to by cable.
In an embodiment of the invention, the rotating cylinder is radially provided with fixed mount, the fixed mount
Top and bottom are respectively arranged with the slide rail perpendicular to the rotating cylinder, and the reaction plate is by being arranged at upper and lower ends
Sliding block is stuck on the slide rail.
In an embodiment of the invention, the radial direction power set are the first air bag that flexible material makes, and
The first source of the gas being connected by pipeline with first air bag, first air bag respectively with the reaction plate and the rotation
Cylinder is fixed.
In an embodiment of the invention, the rotary power unit includes being arranged in the fixing pipe driving
The electric rotating machine that the dynamic rotating cylinder is relatively rotated, the inner surface circumference of the rotating cylinder is provided with internal gear, the electric rotating
The external gear engaged with the internal gear is installed in the drive shaft of machine.
In an embodiment of the invention, the topping machanism includes outside circular cylinder, installed in the cylinder
Pressure plate is fixed with the top of the annular cutting knife of internal side, the cutting knife, is installed between the pressure plate and the frame
There are the second air bag for applying axial force, and the source of the gas supplied by pipeline for second air bag；
Second air bag is annular air-pocket, and the pressure plate is annular slab corresponding with the annular air-pocket.
In an embodiment of the invention, the triaxial compression test device includes being arranged on the inside of the cutting knife
Face surrounds annular to apply the 3rd air bag of radial load, and installed in the four gasbags of cutting knife inner top application axial force,
And be the 3rd air bag, the source of the gas of four gasbags supply in the frame, in the 3rd air bag and the
The sensor of detection pressure is installed on four gasbags；
The frame is provided with fixed station, the upper surface of the four gasbags at the center-aisle of second air bag
Fixed with the lower surface of the fixed station, press perpendicular plate is installed on lower surface.
In an embodiment of the invention, loosened soil removes loosened soil during the lateral experiment portion is also included under removal hole
Device, it is described to go loosened soil device to include the section being located between the reaction plate and reaction plate, and be arranged on the fixed mount
And extend radially of the axis of rotation with the sliding rail for the section that is slidably installed, the sliding rail and the counter-force to described
The moving track of plate is overlapped.
In an embodiment of the invention, the formula for calculating lateral dead load is as follows：
Ec(MPa) it is the deformation modulus of lateral static load test, IcFor the form factor of lateral bearing plate, μ is native pool
Pine ratio, p is the pressure (kpa) of p-s curve linears section, scFor displacement (mm) corresponding with p.
In an embodiment of the invention, the formula for calculating lateral twisting resistance is as follows：
Wherein, τ is the shearing between reaction plate and the soil body, MeMoment of torsion during for quasistatic, WPTo reverse section factor；
According to the frictional resistance force value q of side friction between reaction plate and the soil bodysh, and material coefficient α, it can obtain：
In an embodiment of the invention, the formula of calculating triaxial compressions is：
According to mole-coulomb failure envelope, strength envelope is obtained, then obtain shear strength formula：
τfc=c+ σ tan φ
Wherein, c is the cohesive strength of soil, and φ is native Nei Mocha angles.
Strength testing device can enter under any depth, various Rock And Soils, the hole of various moisture content under the hole of the present invention
Row original position triaxial compressions-lateral dead load-torsion Rock And Soil experiment, obtain the multinomial intensity index of Rock And Soil, fully meet existing
Field experiment indices requirement.Realize and Rock And Soil is accurately and rapidly tested under state in the original location, solve current rock mass
The problem of in-situ test lacks easy to use, measurement result accurate measuring apparatus, it can be widely used for the ground of big ground industry
Body intensive parameter is tested.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the test device structural representation of one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view in the lateral experiment portion of one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the test device structural representation of another embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, 2, triaxial compressions-lateral dead load-torsion ground body examination under the hole of one embodiment of the present invention
Trial assembly puts 100 includes a frame 10 that can be come in and gone out by cable in earth drilling in general manner, is installed in frame 10
There are lateral experiment portion 20 and vertical experiment portion 30, and surveyed for receiving and handling lateral experiment portion 20 and vertical experiment portion 30
Measure the measuring unit of data.
Frame 10 can be the frame structure of a tubular, can install corresponding protective housing in outside, internally lead to
Cross various frameworks and different test components are installed.
Lateral experiment portion 20 is arranged on the top of frame 10, for realizing lateral dead load and torsion test under hole, bag
The fixing pipe 11 being fixed on inside frame 10, and the rotating cylinder 12 being actively set on outside fixing pipe 11 are included, and it is radially movable
Ground is arranged on the multiple arcs reaction plate 22 of the circumference of rotating cylinder 12, is provided between reaction plate 22 and rotating cylinder 12 radially dynamic
Power apparatus 21, is also equipped with driving the rotary power unit 23 of rotating cylinder 12 and the synchronous rotary of reaction plate 22 in frame 10.Its
In, each reaction plate 22 can surround a circle, and under the control of radial direction power set 21, the circle radially back and forth
It is mobile.The quantity of specific reaction plate 22 can be 2~4 pieces.Radial direction power set 21 can be hydraulic means, and it passes through hydraulic pressure
Bar is connected with reaction plate 22 and promotes reaction plate 22 to rotate against cylinder 12 and radially moves.
Vertical experiment portion 30 is fixed on the bottom of frame 10, including cuts the topping machanism 31 of ground vertically downward, and
The triaxial compression test device 32 of triaxial pressure test is carried out to the ground of cutting inside topping machanism 31.Topping machanism
31 can carry out the annular cutting of vertical direction, to obtain corresponding ground under the control of power set to the ground of lower section
Sample, and triaxial compression test device 32 can carry out triaxial pressure experiment to the ground sample.
Topping machanism 31 is typically made up of cutting knife 311 and drive device, and cutting knife 311 can be squeezed under the pressure of drive device
In the rock-soil layer for entering lower section, cutting knife 311 can be loop configuration, be tried with cutting out one block of independent cylinder ground in rock-soil layer
Sample.
Triaxial compression test device 32 is used to apply circumferential pressure and vertical pressure to ground sample, then obtains ground
The supplemental characteristic such as shearing strength.
The test cell includes measuring cell and data host, and measuring cell is arranged on lateral experiment portion 20 and vertical real
Test at portion 30, to obtain corresponding measurement data, data host is placed on ground to facilitate the various of operating personnel's processing collection
Experimental data, data host is connected by cable with each measuring cell.Specific measurement part can include measurement pressure, position
Move, measure the respective sensors such as moment of torsion, the cable of measuring cell transmission data guides to ground and number after can passing through fixing pipe 11
Connected according to main frame.
Operationally, during frame 10 is suspended in midair under the hole accomplished fluently, reach after specified location, pass through the data on ground
Various experimental facilities on host computer control hole lower bearing bracket 10 are accordingly tested.
Lateral static load test is carried out first, and process is as follows：Counter-force is promoted by measuring unit control radial direction power set 21
Plate 22 rotates against cylinder 12 and radially moved, and each reaction plate 22 is moved to the corresponding sidewall direction under hole respectively, finally with side wall
Contact, then controls radial direction power set 21 gradually to apply normal force to reaction plate 22, until the pressure that side wall is born reaches reality
Test requirement.In the process, by being separately mounted to the pressure sensor of the outer surface of reaction plate 22, the pressure of side wall can be obtained
Power delta data simultaneously passes to data host by cable in time, and data host locates ground by accordingly can be calculated under hole
Lateral pressure-displacement (P-S) curve of layer, and then obtain the corresponding every ratio limits load, plastic load, pole of Rock And Soil
The indexs such as limit load load.
Calculating process is as follows：According to p-s points of inflexion on a curve, if necessary with reference to s-lgt curvilinear characteristics, ratio limits are determined
Pressure and limiting pressure, when p-s is in transition curve, the desirable pressure evaluation foundation soil corresponding to a certain relative settlement is held
Carry power.
The deformation modulus of soil should according to the straightways of p-s curves, can by homogeneous isotropism semo-infinite elastic fluid bullet
Property theoretical calculation.The deformation modulus E of lateral static load testc(MPa), it can be calculated as follows：
Wherein：IcFor the form factor of lateral bearing plate；μ is native Poisson's ratio；P is the pressure of p-s curve linears section
(kpa)；scFor displacement (mm) corresponding with p.
After the completion of lateral static load test, by radial direction power set 21 reaction plate 22 can be controlled to return to original position.
Torsion test is carried out again, and process is as follows：
Position predetermined under a hole is reselected, promotes reaction plate 22 to be contacted with side wall by radial direction power set 21,
Restart the driving rotating cylinder 12 of rotary power unit 23 to be relatively fixed pipe 11 and rotate, rotating cylinder 12 drives the opposite side of reaction plate 22
Wall is rotated, and now passes through the respective sensor on reaction plate 22, you can by the side force on current reaction plate 22, moment of torsion
Send to measuring unit.By controlling the offside wall of reaction plate 22 to apply the lateral load of different stage, then rotated again,
Different side forces and the data of moment of torsion can be finally measured, corresponding displacement curve is then obtained.
Calculating process is as follows：According to moment of torsion and rotation curve, the shearing that can obtain pressure-bearing plate face is：
In formula：τ is the shearing between reaction plate and the soil body, MeMoment of torsion during for quasistatic, WPTo reverse section factor.
According to the forst law of motion, the frictional resistance force value q of side friction between reaction plate and the soil body can be obtainedsh, it is contemplated that material system
Number α, can be obtained：
As the soil body of scattered property material, the friction between the soil body and reaction plate is different from the friction between rigid body, this be because
For increase of the soil body with water content, meeting is from approximate rigid body to elastomer, viscoelastic body, plastic body and flow direction change, and one
As in the case of, the frictional force between the soil body and other objects is made up of two parts, and a part is the force of sliding friction of the soil body；It is another
Part is the skid resistance produced in the soil body by moisture film tension force.The former property of external load and the soil body suffered by with the soil body in itself
Qualitative correlation, the latter is relevant with water content of soil, the property of the hole aqueous solution and Soil water interactions (general suction).
After the completion of torsion test, by radial direction power set 21 reaction plate 22 can be controlled to return to original position.
Triaxial compression test is carried out again, and process is as follows：
Control frame 10 to reach the predetermined bottom under hole, and topping machanism 31 is contacted with hole bottom, filled using radial direction power
Put 21 control reaction plates 22 to be pressed on the wall of side, reaction plate 22, which applies to the pressure on the wall of side, can be such that whole frame 10 is formed relatively
Fixed rock-steady structure, i.e. counterforce device.Then the ground of 31 pairs of lower sections of control topping machanism is cut, can be in ground
Sample, which is under in-situ stress state, carries out sample preparation, and final topping machanism 31 can directly cut out one piece of independent ground examination
Sample, is applied in vertical direction, horizontal direction by 32 pairs of ground samples cut of triaxial compression test device and equally carried
Lotus, then gradually increase the load of vertical direction, every grade of load repeats this process, until ground sample is by compression failure, measurement
Each data that unit is obtained according to the process can obtain under mohr circle of stress curve and the different load ranks of stress-strain
Curve, the corresponding mechanics parameter of current rock-soil layer is finally can obtain according to corresponding Rock And Soil strength calculation formula.
Calculating process is as follows：According to mole-coulomb failure envelope, strength envelope is obtained.Obtain shear strength formula：
τfc=c+ σ tan φ
In formula：C is the cohesive strength of soil, and φ is native Nei Mocha angles.
The present invention installs multiple test devices by a frame 10, interior under a hole can complete current rock-soil layer
Lateral static load test, torsion test and triaxial compression test.And respectively experiment can any depth, various Rock And Soils,
Tested under the hole of various moisture content, obtain the multinomial intensity index of Rock And Soil, fully meeting field experiment indices will
Ask.Realize original position accurately and rapidly to test Rock And Soil, solve current rock mass in-situ test and lack easy to use, measurement knot
Really the problem of accurate measuring apparatus, the Rock And Soil strength test of big ground industry can be widely used for.
In an embodiment of the invention, reaction plate is installed for activity in being radially provided with for rotating cylinder 12
22 fixed mount 13, fixed mount 13 is fixedly mounted around rotating cylinder 12, is respectively arranged with the top and bottom of fixed mount 13 vertical
Directly in the slide rail of rotating cylinder 12, reaction plate 22 is stuck on slide rail by being arranged on the sliding block at upper and lower ends.When radial direction power dress
When putting 21 promotion reaction plate 22, reaction plate 22 can be passed in and out along fixed mount 13 under the cooperation of sliding block and slide rail.Sliding block and slide rail
The rotation of reaction plate 22 in a circumferential direction can be limited, at the same can limit the moving direction of reaction plate 22 diametrically and
Shift length.Fixed mount 13 can be divided into the installing frame of respective numbers according to the quantity of reaction plate 22.When 12 turns of rotating cylinder
When dynamic, fixed mount 13 is with the synchronous axial system of rotating cylinder 12, while making the also synchronous rotary of reaction plate 22.
In an embodiment of the invention, the radial direction power set 21 can be the made using flexible material
One air bag 211, and the first source of the gas being connected by pipeline with the first air bag 211.First air bag 211 passes through internal inflation
Journey promotes reaction plate 22 to move or its offside wall is pressed.First source of the gas can be fixed in frame 10, single by measuring
The member control course of work, can also set on the ground, be then connected by pipeline with the first air bag 211.First air bag 211
It can be movably arranged between reaction plate 22 and rotating cylinder 12, installing space is limited by fixed mount 13；Can also respectively with counter-force
Plate 22 and/or rotating cylinder 12 are fixed.First air bag 211 can set quantity and position pair of the multiple and quantity with reaction plate 22
Should.
In an embodiment of the invention, the rotary power unit 23 can include be arranged on fixing pipe 11 in
The electric rotating machine 231 for driving rotating cylinder 12 to rotate, and the internal gear 233 on the inner surface circumference of rotating cylinder 12, rotating cylinder
One end of 12 installation internal gears 233 can stretch out the upper end or lower end of fixing pipe 11, and the drive shaft 232 of electric rotating machine 231 is stretched out
Fixing pipe 11 is outer and is engaged by the external gear 234 being fixed in drive shaft 232 with internal gear 233.Operationally, electric rotating
Machine 231 can drive rotating cylinder 12 to be relatively fixed pipe 11 and rotate by drive shaft 232, and then drive reaction plate 22 to rotate.
In an embodiment of the invention, the topping machanism 31 includes a hollow cylinder being arranged in frame 10
Body 321, the top seal of cylinder 321, lower openings are provided with cutting knife 311, pressure plate 313, the second air bag in cylinder 321
312, it is the source of the gas of the second air bag supply, i.e. the second source of the gas may be mounted in frame and can also lay on the ground.Cutting knife
311 can be tubular, and coaxial with frame 10, cutting knife 311 can be slidably installed by the track in frame 10 with frame 10
Together.The pressure plate 313 is arranged on the top of cutting knife 311, facilitates the pressure of the second air bag 312 to be applied on cutting knife 311；
Pressure plate 313 can be fixedly connected with cutting knife 311.Second air bag 312 is arranged on the top of pressure plate 313.
When not in use, cutting knife 311 can be located in the cylinder 321 in frame 10, when the second source of the gas is the second air bag 312
During inflation, the second air bag 312 can apply a downward pressure to bearing plate 313, and then cutting knife 311 is stretched downwards along track
Go out the lower section of cylinder 321, one piece of cylindrical ground sample is cut out to the ground of lower section.Cutting can be to second after finishing
Air bag 312 is deflated, and cutting knife 311 is lost after pressure, can be same in the presence of elastic stretching structure or the second air bag 312
When rise back in cylinder 32110.Elastic stretching structure can be one makes cutting knife 311 remain at cylinder by elastic force
Structure in 321, its elastic force is less than the pressure that the second air bag applies so that under cutting knife 311 can be under the pressure of the second air bag
OK, and after the pressure of the second air bag is lost cutting knife 311 is retracted into original position.
Concentrated on for convenience of the pressure of the second air bag 312 on bearing plate 313, the upper surface of the second air bag 312 can be with machine
Frame 10 is fixedly connected, and lower surface is fixedly connected with bearing plate 313, and the structure can make the second air bag 312 by the machine of top
The cutting knife 311 below reaction force promotion that frame 10 applies is descending faster.Second air bag 312 is used after fixed connection structure,
A pulling force can be applied to it, it is to avoid cutting knife 311 drops in bearing plate 313 when not in use.
Further, it is to improve pressure effect, second air bag 312 can be annular air-pocket, and pressure plate 313 can be with
For annular slab corresponding with annular air-pocket.It can be left using loop configuration at middle part and triaxial compression test device 32 is installed
Space, in addition, loop configuration can also improve utilization ratio to greatest extent.
In an embodiment of the invention there is provided a kind of specific triaxial compression test device 32, it includes installing
Hollow shape is surrounded in the medial surface of cutting knife 311 to apply the 3rd air bag 323 and the inner top installed in cutting knife 311 of radial load
Be the source of the gas that the 3rd air bag 323 and four gasbags 325 are supplied to apply the four gasbags 325 of axial force, i.e. the 3rd source of the gas and
4th source of the gas may be mounted in frame and can also lay on the ground.
3rd air bag 323 is fixed on the medial surface of cutting knife 311 and forms an annular chamber capsule in centre, same with cutting knife 311
Moved further, it applies radial pressure (circumferential pressure), the 3rd gas using the degree of saturation of air bag to the ground sample that centre is placed
Capsule 323 can be made up of one to three piece of arc air bag, and the bottom of confined pressure chamber 321 is ground sample inlet port.Four gasbags 325
The inner top that cutting knife surrounds space is fixed on, can be fixed with frame 10, for the ground in the 3rd air bag 323
Sample applies pressure at right angle.
Operationally, the 3rd air bag 323 is synchronously moved down with cutting knife 311 under the pressure of the second air bag 312, and cutting knife 311 exists
The cutting seam that enough 3rd air bags 323 are walked can be cut out in descending process, when ground sample is inserted in the 3rd air bag 323
Annular blister cavities in after, the 3rd source of the gas can be started and inflated into the 3rd air bag 323, the 3rd air bag 323 after inflation is to centre
Rock sample apply radial pressure, inflated by the 4th source of the gas to four gasbags 325, then four gasbags 325 are by ground sample
Top down pressure, realize flexible extruding.It can be obtained by the sensor on the four gasbags 325 of the 3rd air bag 323
The pressure data of correlation is got, then by corresponding calculating, the deviator stress under different experimental conditions and axial strain can be drawn
Relation curve, drafting strength envelope, mohr circle of stress curve etc., calculating obtains cohesive strength, internal friction angle, Shear Strength Index
Etc. content.
In experiment, to the ground sample taken, apply same load in vertical direction, horizontal direction, then gradually increase
The load of vertical direction, every grade of load repeats this process, until ground sample compression failure, obtains mohr circle of stress curve
And the curve under the different load ranks of stress-strain；All data are obtained using test device and are handled, according to corresponding rock
Soil strength calculation formula obtains the corresponding mechanics parameter of ground sample.
Further, for convenience of four gasbags 325 are installed, it can be set in frame 10 with leading in the middle of the second air bag 312
The corresponding fixed station 14 in road, fixed station 14 can be stretched into the passage in the middle of the second air bag 312, the upper surface of four gasbags 325
Fixed with fixed station 14.Fixed station 14 is set to be defined to the second air bag 312, it is to avoid with the mutual shadow of four gasbags 325
Ring.
In addition, as shown in figure 3, one block of press perpendicular plate 324 can also be fixed in the lower surface of four gasbags 325, vertically
Increased pressure board 324 is with the synchronizing moving of four gasbags 325, when with ground sample contacts, transmission pressure at right angle that can be evenly,
Realize rigidity extruding.
In an embodiment of the invention, visual device (not shown) can be installed in frame 10, this can
View apparatus can be the class of video camera, camera etc. one can in real time under acquisition pores information image acquiring device.Visual device can
To be connected by the data host of cable and ground, so that controllers can respectively be tested according to the image control obtained in real time
The step of, and Real Time Observation experiment effect.Visual device may be mounted at multiple places, such as observe the position laterally tested respectively
Put, and at the position of observation triaxial compression test.
In an embodiment of the invention, this laterally experiment portion can also include loosened soil in removing under hole and go void
Native device (not shown).Loosened soil device is gone to specifically include the section positioned at reaction plate 22, and between reaction plate 22,
And it is arranged on radially extending with the sliding rail for the section that is slidably installed, sliding rail on fixed mount 13 and to rotating cylinder 12
Overlapped with the moving track of reaction plate 22.
Section can be moved using the structure of vertical installation under thrust along sliding rail.When reaction plate 22 is by
When the promotion of one air bag 211 is displaced outwardly, the side of reaction plate 22 is contacted with cutting into slices close to the side of the side of rotating cylinder 12, and is promoted
Cut into slices and moved to the outside of frame 10, when reaction plate 22 is moved to specified location, the leading section of section can stretch out the circumference of frame 10
Surface, now controls rotating cylinder 12 to rotate, you can drive section to cut the side wall of dell, by the loosened soil of hole lower surface
Scrape.The external part of section can be arranged to the arcuate structure for scraping direction bending, the first air bag that reaction plate 22 is subject to
When 211 pressure are more than a predetermined value, the stop of section can be squeezed and contacted with dell side wall, what final reaction plate 22 stretched out
Length is more than the length that section is stretched out, and therefore, the stretching of section can't influence the test effect of reaction plate 22.Work as reaction plate
22 under the drive of the first air bag 211 when bouncing back, it is possible to use the stop of section and section is pushed back into frame 10 along moving track
Interior, when the pulling force that reaction plate 22 is subject to is more than a certain numerical value, reaction plate 22 can overcome the resistance of section and return to original position again
Put.
Although employing the limiting mode of multiple sources of the gas in the respective embodiments described above, in actual use, it can pass through
One source of the gas is that each air bag is inflated, and corresponding magnetic valve is installed at each air bag, it is only necessary to starting corresponding air bag
When, pressure can be provided for corresponding equipment by opening the magnetic valve of corresponding air bag.
So far, although those skilled in the art will appreciate that detailed herein have shown and described multiple showing for the present invention
Example property embodiment, still, still can be straight according to present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
Connect determination or derive many other variations or modifications for meeting the principle of the invention.Therefore, the scope of the present invention be understood that and
Regard as covering other all these variations or modifications.
Claims (10)
1. triaxial compressions-lateral dead load-torsion Rock And Soil test device under hole, including the frame of installing space is provided, it is special
Levy and be, be provided with the frame：
Lateral experiment portion, installed in the top of the frame, including the fixing pipe being fixed in the frame axis, and movable sleeve
Rotating cylinder outside fixing pipe, and radially movable the multiple arcs for being arranged on the rotating cylinder circumference reaction plate, peace
Radial direction power set between the reaction plate and the rotating cylinder, and drive the rotating cylinder and the reaction plate same
Walk the rotary power unit of rotation；
Vertical experiment portion, is fixed on the bottom of the frame, including cuts the topping machanism of ground vertically downward, and positioned at institute
State and the triaxial compression test device of triaxial pressure test is carried out to the ground of cutting inside topping machanism；
Test cell, the measurement data in the lateral experiment portion and the vertical experiment portion is obtained by measuring cell, and is passed through
Cable is delivered to the data host positioned at ground.
2. triaxial compressions-lateral dead load-torsion Rock And Soil test device under hole according to claim 1, its feature exists
In,
Radially being provided with the top and bottom of fixed mount, the fixed mount for the rotating cylinder is respectively arranged with perpendicular to described
The slide rail of rotating cylinder, the reaction plate is stuck on the slide rail by the sliding block being arranged at upper and lower ends.
3. triaxial compressions-lateral dead load-torsion Rock And Soil test device under hole according to claim 1, its feature exists
In,
The radial direction power set are the first air bag that flexible material makes, and the be connected by pipeline with first air bag
One source of the gas, first air bag is fixed with the reaction plate and the rotating cylinder respectively.
4. triaxial compressions-lateral dead load-torsion Rock And Soil test device under the hole according to claim 1-3 is any, its
It is characterised by：
The rotary power unit includes being arranged on to drive the electric rotating machine that the rotating cylinder is relatively rotated in the fixing pipe,
The inner surface circumference of the rotating cylinder is provided with to be provided with internal gear, the drive shaft of the electric rotating machine and nibbled with the internal gear
The external gear of conjunction.
5. triaxial compressions-lateral dead load-torsion Rock And Soil test device under hole according to claim 1, its feature exists
In,
The topping machanism includes outside circular cylinder, installed in the annular cutting knife of the cylinder medial surface, the cutting knife
Top is fixed with pressure plate, and the second air bag for applying axial force, Yi Jitong are provided between the pressure plate and the frame
It is the source of the gas that second air bag is supplied to cross pipeline；
Second air bag is annular air-pocket, and the pressure plate is annular slab corresponding with the annular air-pocket.
6. triaxial compressions-lateral dead load-torsion Rock And Soil test device under hole according to claim 5, its feature exists
In,
The triaxial compression test device includes surrounding annular to apply the 3rd gas of radial load installed in the cutting knife medial surface
Capsule, and apply installed in the cutting knife inner top four gasbags of axial force, and in the frame be the described 3rd
The source of the gas of air bag, four gasbags supply, is provided with the sensor of detection pressure on the 3rd air bag and four gasbags；
The frame is provided with fixed station at the center-aisle of second air bag, the upper surface of the four gasbags with it is described
The lower surface of fixed station is fixed, and press perpendicular plate is provided with lower surface.
7. triaxial compressions-lateral dead load-torsion Rock And Soil test device under hole according to claim 1, its feature exists
In,
What the lateral experiment portion also included loosened soil in removing under hole removes loosened soil device, it is described go loosened soil device include being located at it is described
Section between reaction plate and reaction plate, and be arranged on the fixed mount and extend radially of the axis of rotation to slide peace to described
The sliding rail of the section is filled, the sliding rail is overlapped with the moving track of the reaction plate.
8. triaxial compressions-lateral dead load-torsion Rock And Soil test device under hole according to claim 1, its feature exists
In the formula for calculating lateral dead load is as follows：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>E</mi>
<mi>c</mi>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>I</mi>
<mi>c</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>-</mo>
<msup>
<mi>&mu;</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>pd</mi>
<mi>c</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>c</mi>
</msub>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
Ec(MPa) it is the deformation modulus of lateral static load test, IcFor the form factor of lateral bearing plate, μ is the Poisson's ratio of soil, p
For the pressure (kpa) of p-s curve linears section, scFor displacement (mm) corresponding with p.
9. triaxial compressions-lateral dead load-torsion Rock And Soil test device under hole according to claim 1, its feature exists
In the formula for calculating lateral twisting resistance is as follows：
<mrow>
<mi>&tau;</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>M</mi>
<mi>e</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>W</mi>
<mi>P</mi>
</msub>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
Wherein, τ is the shearing between reaction plate and the soil body, MeMoment of torsion during for quasistatic, WPTo reverse section factor；
According to the frictional resistance force value q of side friction between reaction plate and the soil bodysh, and material coefficient α, it can obtain：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>q</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>&alpha;</mi>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>M</mi>
<mi>e</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>W</mi>
<mi>P</mi>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>.</mo>
</mrow>
10. triaxial compressions-lateral dead load-torsion Rock And Soil test device under hole according to claim 1, its feature exists
In the formula for calculating triaxial compressions is：
According to mole-coulomb failure envelope, strength envelope is obtained, then obtain shear strength formula：
τfc=c+ σ tan φ
Wherein, c is the cohesive strength of soil, and φ is native Nei Mocha angles.
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| CN201710410722.8A CN107101892A (en) | 2017-06-04 | 2017-06-04 | The lateral dead load of triaxial compressions reverses Rock And Soil test device under hole |
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| CN111274670A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-06-12 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Design method for axial compression bearing capacity test of titanium alloy section combined wall plate |
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| CN112326458A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2021-02-05 | 张继红 | Capsule pressure shearing test method and tester |
| CN111274670A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-06-12 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Design method for axial compression bearing capacity test of titanium alloy section combined wall plate |
| CN111274670B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2023-08-08 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Shaft pressure bearing capacity test design method for titanium alloy profile combined wallboard |
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| CN111693361B (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2021-05-14 | 大连理工大学 | Soil body intensity measuring device based on full-flow sounding |
| CN111982961A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-24 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Device and method for testing torsional thermal coupling stress of solder layer of circuit board |
| CN113820190A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-21 | 中北大学 | High-pressure torsion extrusion die |
| CN113820190B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2024-02-06 | 中北大学 | High-pressure torsion extrusion die |
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Effective date of registration: 20210901 Address after: Room 303, unit 4, floor 4, meiheyuan East District, Haidian District, Beijing 100089 Applicant after: Meng Da Address before: 100124 room 1701-1703, No. 37, nanmofang Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing Applicant before: BEIJING LEIYUDA TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20170829 |