CN111034672A - Meat duck feeding method based on three-layer three-dimensional cage - Google Patents

Meat duck feeding method based on three-layer three-dimensional cage Download PDF

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CN111034672A
CN111034672A CN201911244673.0A CN201911244673A CN111034672A CN 111034672 A CN111034672 A CN 111034672A CN 201911244673 A CN201911244673 A CN 201911244673A CN 111034672 A CN111034672 A CN 111034672A
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layer
meat
parts
feeding method
meat duck
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闻治国
杨培龙
李秀梅
蔡红英
赵璐璐
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Feed Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
    • A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/189—Enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/30—Oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
    • A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Abstract

The invention provides a meat duck feeding method based on three-layer three-dimensional cages, wherein the protein content of daily ration fed by the first layer of meat ducks in the three-layer three-dimensional cages is 16.25-17.61%; the protein content of the daily feed for the meat ducks fed on the second layer and the third layer is 15.34-16.25%; according to the meat duck breeding method, on the basis of guaranteeing that the protein requirement of growth and development of the meat ducks is met, the daily ration with different protein contents is selected according to the nutritional requirements of different layers of meat ducks, so that the protein in the daily ration can be fully utilized, the problems that the utilization rate of the daily ration is low and the nitrogen content in meat duck excrement is high due to surplus protein nutrition in the daily ration are effectively solved, and the problem that the nutritional requirement of each layer of meat ducks cannot be met by the daily ration at the same time is solved; in addition, by the feeding method, the whole addition amount of protein in daily ration can be effectively reduced, and the feeding cost of the meat ducks can be reduced.

Description

Meat duck feeding method based on three-layer three-dimensional cage
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of meat duck feeding, in particular to a meat duck feeding method based on a three-layer three-dimensional cage.
Background
China is the first country of waterfowl culture in the world, the development speed of the waterfowl industry is rapidly increased, and the waterfowl industry gradually becomes an important post for rural economy and income increase of farmers. According to the data investigated by the national waterfowl industry technical system, the meat duck yield exceeds 38 hundred million in 2018 years, the duck yield exceeds 750 million tons, and the duck yield accounts for about one third of the total amount of poultry meat. The total yield of the meat duck industry in China exceeds 1000 hundred million yuan, which indicates that the meat duck industry plays a very important role in rural economy in China, is an important industry for farmers to defy and enrich and for rural economic development, is a main source of high-quality animal protein nutrition for Chinese citizens, and plays an irreplaceable role in guaranteeing the safety of food and food in China. However, with the rapid development of the meat duck industry, the environmental pollution caused by meat duck breeding is more and more serious. The excrement produced by Chinese meat ducks every year is more than 3000 million tons, and the excrement causes serious pollution to the ecological environment around the farm. How to effectively reduce the discharge of pollutants in the process of meat duck breeding is the urgent priority of green meat duck breeding.
The excrement of meat duck breeding mainly comes from the feed components which are not digested and utilized, the excrement pollution source lies in the feed, and the effective balancing of the dosage of nitrogen, phosphorus and trace elements in the feed and the improvement of the utilization rate of the feed are effective ways for reducing the excrement pollution of the meat ducks. Therefore, how to reduce the feed overnutrition becomes the development direction of the livestock and poultry feed preparation technology.
With the continuous development of the meat duck industry, the traditional ground flat culture and on-net flat culture can not gradually meet the requirements of human beings on high-quality meat duck products, and the multilayer three-dimensional cage culture mode becomes a novel meat duck breeding mode, so that the meat duck breeding amount is remarkably improved, the meat duck survival rate is greatly improved, and the economic benefit of farmers is effectively improved; however, environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity and the like of different layers of high meat ducks in multi-layer three-dimensional cage culture are greatly different, so that protein nutrition requirement parameters and feeding modes of the meat ducks in the multi-layer three-dimensional cage culture mode are obviously different, the research on parameters such as protein nutrition requirement is still blank, the nutrition requirement difference of the meat ducks in different layers of high meat ducks is not considered in the existing three-dimensional cage culture mode, the same daily ration is adopted for unified feeding, and the problems that the daily ration cannot simultaneously meet the nutrition requirement of each layer of meat ducks, or the daily ration nutrition is too high and the nitrogen content in the excrement of the meat ducks is higher are easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a meat duck feeding method based on a three-layer three-dimensional cage, so as to solve the problems that the daily ration cannot simultaneously meet the nutritional requirements of each layer of meat ducks in the existing multilayer three-dimensional cage feeding mode, or the daily ration has high nutrition and the nitrogen content in the feces of the meat ducks is high.
Based on the aim, the invention provides a meat duck feeding method based on three-layer three-dimensional cages, wherein the protein content of the daily ration fed to the first layer of meat ducks in the three-layer three-dimensional cages is 16.25-17.61%; the protein content of the daily feed for the meat ducks fed on the second layer and the third layer is 15.34-16.25%.
According to the meat duck breeding method, on the basis of guaranteeing that the protein requirement of growth and development of the meat ducks is met, the daily ration with different protein contents is selected according to the nutritional requirements of different layers of meat ducks, so that the protein in the daily ration can be fully utilized, the problems that the utilization rate of the daily ration is low and the nitrogen content in excrement of the meat ducks is high due to surplus protein nutrition in the daily ration are effectively solved, and the problem that the nutritional requirement of each layer of meat ducks cannot be met by the daily ration at the same time; in addition, by the feeding method, the whole addition amount of protein in daily ration can be effectively reduced, and the feeding cost of the meat ducks can be reduced.
Optionally, the daily ration fed by the first layer of meat duck in the three-layer three-dimensional cage has a protein content of 16.25%; the protein content of the daily feed fed to the meat ducks of the second layer and the third layer is 15.34 percent. Through the specific limitation on the protein content in different layers of the daily feed for the meat ducks, the protein content in the daily feed for the meat ducks can be reduced to the maximum extent on the basis of not influencing the growth performance of the meat ducks, the utilization rate of the daily feed for the meat ducks is better improved, and the nitrogen content in excrement of the meat ducks is reduced.
Optionally, the meat duck breeding method is used for breeding meat ducks with the age of 21-42 days.
In the invention, the specific structure of the three-layer three-dimensional cage is not strictly limited, for example, the three-layer three-dimensional cage can be a three-layer three-dimensional cage conventionally used in the field; preferably, the height of the first layer of the three-layer three-dimensional cage is 0.5-0.7 m; the height of the second layer is 1.1-1.3 m; the height of the third layer is 1.7-1.9 m.
Optionally, the breeding temperature in the three-dimensional cage is room temperature, and the humidity is 62-68%; and performing other feeding parameters according to a conventional feeding management mode.
Optionally, the daily ration comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
155.8-193 parts of soybean meal, 660-721.2 parts of corn, 56-80 parts of rapeseed meal, 12-20 parts of soybean oil, 13-14.8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 11.6-12 parts of stone powder, 9.5-10.5 parts of premix, 2.5-3.5 parts of salt, 3.0-9.6 parts of compound amino acid, 0.8-1.2 parts of compound enzyme preparation and 4.5-5.5 parts of chromium sesquioxide. Through the specific limitation of the daily ration, various nutritional requirements for the growth of meat ducks can be met, and the content of crude protein in the daily ration is effectively reduced.
Optionally, per gram of the premix comprises: VA1000IU and VB10.2mg、VB20.5mg、VB50.4mg、VB60.4mg、VB120.2mg、VD3400IU、VE 2IU、VK30.25mg, biotin 0.05mg, folic acid 0.3mg, D-pantothenic acid 2mg, nicotinic acid 2mg, Cu1mg, Fe 10mg, Mn 6mg, Zn10mg, I0.1 mg, Se 0.04mg and choline chloride 50 mg.
Optionally, each part of the compound amino acid is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 1.5-1.7 parts of DL-methionine, 1.5-2.58 parts of L-lysine, 0-0.68 part of L-threonine, 0-0.64 part of L-isoleucine, 0-1.2 parts of L-arginine, 0-0.2 part of L-tryptophan, 0-0.8 part of L-valine, 0-0.84 part of glycine and 0-0.96 part of serine.
Optionally, the complex enzyme preparation comprises: phytase, protease, amylase, xylanase, and glucanase; further, each gram of the complex enzyme preparation comprises phytase 368U, protease 2619U, amylase 314U, xylanase 138U and glucanase 344U.
From the above, the meat duck breeding method based on the three-layer three-dimensional cage provided by the invention at least comprises the following effects:
according to the meat duck breeding method, on the basis of guaranteeing that the protein requirements of growth and development of the meat ducks are met, the daily rations with different protein contents are selected according to the nutritional requirements of different layers of meat ducks, so that the full utilization of the protein in the daily rations can be realized, the problems of low utilization rate of the daily rations and high nitrogen content in meat duck excrement caused by surplus protein nutrition in the daily rations are effectively solved, and the problem that the nutritional requirements of each layer of meat ducks cannot be met by the same daily ration at the same time is solved; in addition, by the feeding method, the whole addition amount of protein in daily ration can be effectively reduced, and the feeding cost of the meat ducks can be reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a calibration curve of chromium oxide in an experimental example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
The following examples used the following starting materials:
compound enzyme preparation: each gram of the complex enzyme preparation comprises phytase 368U, protease 2619U, amylase 314U, xylanase 138U and glucanase 344U; from novicent corporation.
Example 1
A meat duck feeding method with the age of 21-42 days based on three-layer three-dimensional cages comprises the steps that the protein content of daily ration fed by the first layer of meat ducks in the three-layer three-dimensional cages is 16.25%; the protein content of the daily feed fed by the meat ducks on the second layer and the third layer is 15.34 percent, wherein:
the height of the first layer of the three-layer three-dimensional cage is 0.6 m; the height of the second layer is 1.2 m; the height of the third layer is 1.8 m; the feeding temperature in the three-layer three-dimensional cage is room temperature, and the humidity is 65%;
the daily ration with the protein content of 16.25 percent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
174.4g of soybean meal, 690.6g of corn, 68g of rapeseed meal, 16g of soybean oil, 13.9g of calcium hydrophosphate, 11.8g of stone powder, 10g of premix, 3g of salt, 1.6g of DL-methionine, 2.04g of L-lysine, 0.34g of L-threonine, 0.32g of L-isoleucine, 0.6g of L-arginine, 0.1g of L-tryptophan, 0.4g of L-valine, 0.42g of glycine, 0.48g of serine, 1g of complex enzyme preparation and 5g of chromium oxide;
each gram of premix comprises: VA1000IU and VB10.2mg、VB20.5mg、VB50.4mg、VB60.4mg、VB120.2mg、VD3400IU、VE 2IU、VK30.25mg, biotin 0.05mg, folic acid 0.3mg, D-pantothenic acid 2mg, nicotinic acid 2mg, Cu1mg, Fe 10mg, Mn 6mg, Zn10mg, I0.1 mg, Se 0.04mg, and choline chloride 50 mg;
each gram of the complex enzyme preparation comprises phytase 368U, protease 2619U, amylase 314U, xylanase 138U and glucanase 344U;
the daily ration with the protein content of 15.34 percent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
155.8g of soybean meal, 721.2g of corn, 56g of rapeseed meal, 12g of soybean oil, 14.8g of calcium hydrophosphate, 11.6g of stone powder, 10g of premix, 3g of salt, 1.7g of DL-methionine, 2.58g of L-lysine, 0.68g of L-threonine, 0.64g of L-isoleucine, 1.2g of L-arginine, 0.2g of L-tryptophan, 0.8g of L-valine, 0.84g of glycine, 0.96g of serine, 1g of complex enzyme preparation and 5g of chromium sesquioxide;
each gram of premix comprises: VA1000IU and VB10.2mg、VB20.5mg、VB50.4mg、VB60.4mg、VB120.2mg、VD3400IU、VE 2IU、VK30.25mg, biotin 0.05mg, folic acid 0.3mg, D-pantothenic acid 2mg, nicotinic acid 2mg, Cu1mg, Fe 10mg, Mn 6mg, Zn10mg, I0.1 mg, Se 0.04mg, and choline chloride 50 mg;
and each gram of the complex enzyme preparation comprises phytase 368U, protease 2619U, amylase 314U, xylanase 138U and glucanase 344U.
Example 2
The embodiment is a meat duck feeding method with the day age of 21-42 based on three-layer three-dimensional cages, and the meat duck feeding method comprises the steps that the protein content of ration fed by the first layer of meat ducks in the three-layer three-dimensional cages is 17.61%; the protein content of the daily feed fed by the meat ducks on the second layer and the third layer is 16.25%, wherein:
the height of the first layer of the three-layer three-dimensional cage is 0.6 m; the height of the second layer is 1.2 m; the height of the third layer is 1.8 m; the feeding temperature in the three-layer three-dimensional cage is room temperature, and the humidity is 65%;
the ration with 16.25% protein content was the same as the ration with 16.25% protein content in example 1;
the daily ration with the protein content of 17.61 percent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
193g of soybean meal, 660g of corn, 80g of rapeseed meal, 20g of soybean oil, 13g of calcium hydrophosphate, 12g of stone powder, 10g of premix, 3g of salt, 1.5g of DL-methionine, 1.5g of L-lysine, 1g of complex enzyme preparation and 5g of chromium oxide;
each gram of premix comprises: VA1000IU and VB10.2mg、VB20.5mg、VB50.4mg、VB60.4mg、VB120.2mg、VD3400IU、VE 2IU、VK30.25mg, biotin 0.05mg, folic acid 0.3mg, D-pantothenic acid 2mg, nicotinic acid 2mg, Cu1mg, Fe 10mg, Mn 6mg, Zn10mg, I0.1 mg, Se 0.04mg, and choline chloride 50 mg;
and each gram of the complex enzyme preparation comprises phytase 368U, protease 2619U, amylase 314U, xylanase 138U and glucanase 344U.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example is a meat duck feeding method with the age of 21-42 days based on a three-layer three-dimensional cage, the meat duck feeding method is basically the same as the meat duck feeding method in the example 1, and the difference is that the protein content in the ration fed by the first layer of meat ducks in the three-layer three-dimensional cage is 15.34%; the protein content of the daily feed fed by the meat ducks of the second layer and the third layer is 14.55 percent;
the daily ration with the protein content of 14.55 percent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
137.2g of soybean meal, 751.8g of corn, 44g of rapeseed meal, 8g of soybean oil, 15.7g of calcium hydrophosphate, 11.4g of stone powder, 10g of premix, 3g of salt, 1.8g of DL-methionine, 3.12g of L-lysine, 1.02g of L-threonine, 0.96g of L-isoleucine, 1.8g of L-arginine, 0.3g of L-tryptophan, 1.2g of L-valine, 1.26g of glycine, 1.44g of serine, 1g of complex enzyme preparation and 5g of chromium sesquioxide;
each gram of premix comprises: VA1000IU and VB10.2mg、VB20.5mg、VB50.4mg、VB60.4mg、VB120.2mg、VD3400IU、VE 2IU、VK30.25mg, biotin 0.05mg, folic acid 0.3mg, D-pantothenic acid 2mg, nicotinic acid 2mg, Cu1mg, Fe 10mg, Mn 6mg, Zn10mg, I0.1 mg, Se 0.04mg, and choline chloride 50 mg;
and each gram of the complex enzyme preparation comprises phytase 368U, protease 2619U, amylase 314U, xylanase 138U and glucanase 344U.
Examples of the experiments
Design of experiments
Randomly dividing 1200 1-day-old Beijing ducks into 60 pens with controllable environmental temperature, feeding 20 ducks in each pen, wherein the specification and the size of each pen are as follows: 200cm × 120cm × 40cm, and 21 days of feeding, and feeding conventional daily ration for Beijing duck at early growth stage; selecting 540 healthy Beijing ducks with consistent weight and size at 21-day age, randomly dividing the selected 540 21-day-age Beijing ducks into 3 groups, and feeding by adopting the feeding methods of the embodiments 1 and 2 and the comparative example 1 respectively, wherein 10 ducks are fed on each layer in the feeding process and 6 ducks are repeated; the breeding period is 21 days to 42 days;
test material and daily ration
The nutritional levels of the diets of different protein contents used in examples 1, 2 and control 1 are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 nutritional levels of diets of different protein content
Figure BDA0002307206550000061
Figure BDA0002307206550000071
Feeding management
When the duck is 1-21 days old, the Beijing duck is raised on the net and is freely fed and drunk, the temperature of the duck shed is 32 ℃ at first, and then gradually and stably decreases, and the temperature is reduced by 1-2 ℃ every 2 days until the temperature reaches 25 ℃; the humidity gradually increases from the initial 20% to 60%; adopting an artificial light supplement system, and reducing the illumination hours from 24h/d in the early stage to the combination of food intake light supplement and natural illumination; and when the duck shed is 21-42 days old, keeping the temperature of the duck shed at room temperature and the humidity of the duck shed at about 65%, and performing other conventional feeding management modes according to the duck farm.
Index and method of measurement
Growth performance
At the beginning and the end of the test, the fasting weight and the feed intake of the Beijing ducks are recorded by taking the repetition as a unit, and the Average Daily Gain (ADG), the Average Daily Feed Intake (ADFI) and the feed-weight ratio (F/G) of each treatment group at the age of 21-42 days are calculated.
Apparent digestibility of nutrients
The determination of the apparent digestibility of the nutrient is completed by adding 0.5 percent of Cr2O3 external indicator into the daily ration, and the apparent digestibility of the nutrient at different protein levels in the test completion period (41 days and 42 days) is mainly determined; the 41 st and 42 th collection of excrement was repeated every 8 h. And (3) immediately adding 10% hydrochloric acid (preventing ammonia from volatilizing) after each collection, fully and uniformly mixing, taking a 15% fresh excrement urine sample, refrigerating at 4 ℃, uniformly mixing the excrement sample repeatedly collected in the last day with the excrement collected in the previous day, drying in a 65 ℃ oven to constant weight, dampening for 24 hours at room temperature, crushing, sieving with a 40-mesh sieve, and storing for testing. Meanwhile, 100g of test material sample is collected, crushed and sieved by a 40-mesh sieve, and stored to be tested.
Cr2O3And (3) preparing a standard curve: accurately weighing Cr2O3(analytically pure) 0.0500g of the strain is put into a100 clean Kjeldahl flask, 5ml of oxidant is added, and the flask is placed on an electric stove in a ventilation kitchen for digestion until the solution in the flask is orange and transparent. Then transferring the solution into a100 ml volumetric flask without damage, and diluting to a scale; this is Cr2O3Mother liquor containing Cr per ml2O35 mu g of the solution; and (3) numbering 7 additional 100ml volumetric flasks, accurately transferring the mother liquor of 0, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25ml into each volumetric flask, and fixing the volume to the scale by using distilled water. Measuring the optical density of each solution by adopting a spectrum method at the wavelength of 460nm and taking 0ml as a control; drawing Cr according to the concentration of the solution and the optical density reading2O3The standard curve (shown in figure 1) of (A), is prepared for measuring Cr in feed and feces2O3The content is applied.
Cr in feed and excrement2O3And (3) content determination: cr is mixed with strong oxidant (sodium molybdate, concentrated sulfuric acid and perchloric acid in a certain proportion)2O3After digestion, the wavelength is 460nm by spectrometry; the calculation formula is shown in formula 1:
in a sample
Figure BDA0002307206550000081
In formula 1: x is Cr found on the standard curve according to the optical density of the sample liquid2O3Content (. mu.g/ml); w is the sample weight (g); v is the diluted volume (ml) of the sample digest;
and (3) determining apparent digestibility of feed nutrients: the dry matter (Drymatter, DM) content (moisture assay GB/T6435) and the Crude Protein (CP) content (GB/T6432) of the feed and the excrement are determined by a conventional method. Total energy of feed and excrements (GE) was determined using an oxygen bomb calorimeter (Parr 6100calorimeter, USA). The calculation formula is as follows;
apparent digestibility of nutrient substance (%) -100-
Figure DA00023072065548147
Data statistics
Statistical analysis is carried out on test data by adopting two way ANOVA in SAS 8.0, difference significance test is carried out on average value comparison among treatments by adopting Duncan's multiple comparison, and P <0.05 is used as a difference significance judgment standard;
the test results are shown in tables 2 and 3;
table 2 results of the effect of different feeding heights and different protein contents on the growth performance of meat ducks
Figure BDA0002307206550000083
Note: differences were marked by the same column of shoulder-marked lower case letters in the same cage height (P < 0.05).
As can be seen from Table 2:
according to the technical scheme, when the cage height is 0.6m and the protein content in the daily ration is lower than 16.25, the daily gain of the fed meat ducks is remarkably reduced (P is less than 0.05), but the daily feed intake and the feed-weight ratio of the daily ration with different protein contents have no remarkable influence (P is more than 0.05); when the cage height is 0.8m and 1.2m, when the protein content in the daily ration is lower than 15.34, the daily gain of the fed meat duck is obviously reduced (P is less than 0.05), and the daily ration with different protein contents has no obvious influence on daily feed intake and feed weight ratio (P is more than 0.05); in addition, different cage heights significantly affect the daily feed intake and daily gain of the meat ducks (P is more than 0.05), but have no significant effect on the feed-weight ratio (P is less than 0.05); therefore, under the condition of ensuring the growth performance of the meat ducks without obvious influence, the embodiment 1 of the invention obviously reduces the protein content in the daily ration of the meat ducks in different layers.
TABLE 3 Effect of the different examples of diets on the apparent digestibility of nutrients and nitrogen emissions from meat ducks
Figure BDA0002307206550000091
As can be seen from Table 3:
the protein level of the daily ration significantly influences the protein intake, N discharge and apparent digestibility (P <0.05) of nutrients (energy, protein and dry matter) of the meat duck, and the protein intake, N intake and N discharge gradually decrease and the apparent digestibility of the nutrients gradually increases with the decrease of the protein level; on the basis that the growth performance of the meat ducks is not obviously different, compared with the embodiment 2, the N emission of the low-protein daily ration of the meat ducks with different layer heights in the embodiment 1 is respectively reduced by 10.5%, 6.3% and 5.2%.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the discussion of any embodiment above is meant to be exemplary only, and is not intended to intimate that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to these examples; within the idea of the invention, also features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments may be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.
The embodiments of the invention are intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, substitutions, improvements and the like that may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A meat duck feeding method based on three-layer three-dimensional cages is characterized in that the protein content of daily ration fed to the first layer of meat ducks in the three-layer three-dimensional cages is 16.25-17.61%; the protein content of the daily feed for the meat ducks fed on the second layer and the third layer is 15.34-16.25%.
2. The meat duck feeding method according to claim 1, wherein the daily ration fed to the first layer of meat ducks in the three-layer three-dimensional cage has a protein content of 16.25%; the protein content of the daily feed fed to the meat ducks of the second layer and the third layer is 15.34 percent.
3. The meat duck feeding method according to claim 1, wherein the meat duck feeding method is used for feeding meat ducks with the age of 21-42 days.
4. The meat duck feeding method according to claim 1, wherein the height of the first layer of the three-layer three-dimensional cage is 0.5-0.7 m; the height of the second layer is 1.1-1.3 m; the height of the third layer is 1.7-1.9 m.
5. The meat duck feeding method according to claim 1, wherein the feeding temperature in the three-dimensional cage is room temperature, and the humidity is 62-68%.
6. The meat duck feeding method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the daily ration comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
155.8-193 parts of soybean meal, 660-721.2 parts of corn, 56-80 parts of rapeseed meal, 12-20 parts of soybean oil, 13-14.8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 11.6-12 parts of stone powder, 9.5-10.5 parts of premix, 2.5-3.5 parts of salt, 3.0-9.6 parts of compound amino acid, 0.8-1.2 parts of compound enzyme preparation and 4.5-5.5 parts of chromium sesquioxide.
7. The meat duck feeding method according to claim 6, wherein each gram of the premix comprises: VA1000IU, VB10.2mg、VB20.5mg、VB50.4mg、VB60.4mg、VB120.2mg、VD3400IU、VE 2IU、VK30.25mg, biotin 0.05mg, folic acid 0.3mg, D-pantothenic acid 2mg, nicotinic acid 2mg, Cu1mg, Fe 10mg, Mn 6mg, Zn10mg, I0.1 mg, Se 0.04mg, and choline chloride 50 mg.
8. The meat duck feeding method according to claim 6, wherein each part of the compound amino acid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1.5-1.7 parts of DL-methionine, 1.5-2.58 parts of L-lysine, 0-0.68 part of L-threonine, 0-0.64 part of L-isoleucine, 0-1.2 parts of L-arginine, 0-0.2 part of L-tryptophan, 0-0.8 part of L-valine, 0-0.84 part of glycine and 0-0.96 part of serine.
9. The meat duck feeding method according to claim 6, wherein the complex enzyme preparation comprises: phytase, protease, amylase, xylanase and glucanase.
10. The meat duck feeding method according to claim 6 or 9, wherein each gram of the complex enzyme preparation comprises phytase 368U, protease 2619U, amylase 314U, xylanase 138U and glucanase 344U.
CN201911244673.0A 2019-12-06 2019-12-06 Meat duck feeding method based on three-layer three-dimensional cage Pending CN111034672A (en)

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