CN111034626B - Method for preparing cat litter by using biomass waste - Google Patents
Method for preparing cat litter by using biomass waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN111034626B CN111034626B CN201911418813.1A CN201911418813A CN111034626B CN 111034626 B CN111034626 B CN 111034626B CN 201911418813 A CN201911418813 A CN 201911418813A CN 111034626 B CN111034626 B CN 111034626B
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- cat litter
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0155—Litter comprising organic material
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of cat litter, and particularly relates to a method for preparing cat litter by using biomass waste. The method comprises the following steps: dividing the furfural residue into two parts, wherein one part is combusted to obtain a combustion product, and the other part is reserved; mixing furfural residue with a comburent according to a mass ratio of 1 (1-2) to obtain a mixture A; adding corn stigma and a high-boiling-point substance into the mixture A, and then uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B; wherein the mass ratio of the mixture A, the corn stigma and the high-boiling-point substance is 1 (1-1.5) to 0.01-0.03; and granulating and molding the mixture B to obtain the cat litter. The cat litter prepared by the invention has the advantages of sterilization and disinfection effects, plastic molding, strong water absorption and easy treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cat litter, and particularly relates to a method for preparing cat litter by using biomass waste.
Background
Cats remain one of the best partners for humans, and cats, as a "partner" for humans, can provide many benefits to humans, for which reason there are an increasing number of people who prefer to feed cats. During the course of the treatment, the most bothersome is the daily disposal of cat litter, which is both messy and bad.
The cat litter is used for burying the object of excrement and urine for its cat of raising by the owner of raising, has better hydroscopicity, generally can use with the cat litter basin together, pours the appropriate amount of cat litter into the cat litter basin, and the cat that has received the training just can walk into the cat litter basin when needs are excreted and discharge above that. When the cat litter is used, when the excrement or urine of animals contacts with the cat litter, the cat litter and the excrement or urine form an integrated sphere due to the hygroscopicity of the cat litter, so that the cat litter which is not stained with the excrement or urine is not polluted, can be continuously used, is convenient to clean, and brings relaxation, pleasure and environmental protection for raising pets.
The cat litter is used as an essential product for raising pets in cities, and at present, the cat litter on the market can be divided into two major categories: firstly, import cat litter, its most are that transparent silica gel is done, and is crystal clear, gives other people the sensation and is good-looking, except that absorbing water, does not have any other effect, and the chemical synthesis silica gel is difficult to degrade, causes serious secondary pollution after the abandonment, and use cost is very high. Secondly, domestic cat litter is produced by most of bentonite or bean curd residue, and additives such as adhesive, bactericide, deodorant and the like are required to be added, so that the cat litter has the advantage of low cost; the disadvantages are that the dust is too high, the adsorption force is poor, the additive threatens the health of cats, and the additive is not easy to treat after being used, and the pets are easy to cause diseases after being used for a long time. The other part is processed by wood chips, waste paper chips and the like, has the advantages of recycling waste, and has the defects of light weight, easy carrying out, no agglomeration, poor water absorption and difficult cleaning.
Comprehensively analyzing the characteristics of various cat litters, and requiring no pollution, no dust, low price, convenient use and good effect, the method is still a subject worthy of research at present. In view of this, it is very important to design a pure biomass cat litter.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for preparing cat litter by using biomass waste. The preparation method adopts corncobs as raw materials, does not add any additive, and is green and environment-friendly.
The invention also provides the cat litter prepared by the method, which has the sterilization and disinfection effects, can be molded, has strong water absorption and is easy to process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing cat litter by using biomass waste comprises the following steps:
(1) dividing the furfural residue into two parts, wherein one part is combusted to obtain a combustion product, and the other part is reserved; mixing furfural residue with a comburent according to a mass ratio of 1 (1-2) to obtain a mixture A;
(2) adding corn stigma and a high-boiling-point substance into the mixture A, and then uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B; wherein the mass ratio of the mixture A, the corn stigma and the high-boiling-point substance is 1 (1-1.5) to 0.01-0.03;
(3) and granulating and molding the mixture B to obtain the cat litter.
Preferably, the furfural residue and the high boilers are byproducts (i.e., biomass waste) generated in the furfural production process. The preparation of furfural can be achieved by the following method:
the furfural production process adopts a direct method, sulfuric acid is used as a catalyst, and corncobs (corn stalks, cotton seed shells, bagasse and other crops can also be used as raw materials). Crushing a raw material corncob by using a crusher, adding dilute sulfuric acid, stirring and mixing uniformly by using an acid mixing machine, feeding the mixture into a hydrolysis kettle, introducing steam from the bottom of the hydrolysis kettle, taking furfural obtained by hydrolysis out of the hydrolysis kettle by using the steam to form aldehyde steam, condensing the aldehyde steam to form stock solution, feeding the stock solution into a distillation tower for distillation, evaporating azeotrope of the furfural and water at the tower top, carrying out azeotropic composition and condensation and layering, wherein the aldehyde is proportioned into crude aldehyde, refluxing the water phase into the tower, and discharging most of water, acetic acid, high-boiling-point substances and other waste liquids formed in the hydrolysis process at the tower bottom, namely furfural production waste water or furfural tower bottom waste water. And the crude aldehyde is subjected to supplementary neutralization and then enters a refining system for refining to obtain a finished product of furfural. The mixture of the hydrolyzed corncobs and the sulfuric acid is the furfural residue.
Specifically, in the step (2), the corn stigma is added into the mixture A, and then the high-boiling-point substance is added by using a high-pressure spray gun.
Preferably, the step (3) is granulated and formed by a ring die granulator, and the forming temperature is 200-240 ℃.
The cat litter prepared by the method is provided.
Preferably, the moisture content of the cat litter is 5-7%, and the cat litter is cylindrical with the diameter of 3-10mm and the length of 20-100 mm.
The cat litter is prepared by using the waste materials in the process of preparing furfural from corncobs, and is ingenious in design, resource-saving, green and environment-friendly.
In the process of preparing furfural, high-boiling-point substances are generated during distillation and separation of furfural, and are difficult to treat; the furfural residue contains a large amount of water, cellulose, mineral substances and a small amount of sulfuric acid, and is usually burnt as a fuel; after combustion, the furfural residues can generate a large amount of alkaline plant ash (calcium oxide, potassium carbonate, magnesium oxide and the like), and dust is large in alkalinity and difficult to utilize, but the acidic furfural residues can be neutralized with the alkaline ash. Therefore, when the cat litter is prepared, the furfural residues and the comburent (mainly plant ash) are mixed, the alkaline oxide in the plant ash is used for absorbing the water in the furfural residues, and the sulfuric acid in the furfural residues is neutralized to be alkalescent; adding corn silk into the mixture, and absorbing powdery furfural residues and plant ash by utilizing the winding effect of the corn silk; finally, adding the high-boiling-point substances into the mixture by using a high-pressure spray gun to further play roles in bonding, dedusting and flavoring; plastic lignin in the furfural residues is utilized to carry out high-temperature granulation molding in a common mechanical extrusion mode (a ring die granulator), and simultaneously, redundant water in the furfural residues is eliminated.
In the invention, the process of preparing furfural by using corncobs is the prior art, and the conventional technology in the field is adopted; or refer to patents CN110590718A, CN102757413B, CN 105174254B.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the pure biomass raw material cat litter is prepared by using the biomass waste in the furfural production process by using the corncobs, so that the economic benefit of furfural production is greatly improved;
2. the cat litter prepared by the method is rich in mineral substances of plant ash, has natural sterilization and disinfection effects, has faint scent of furfural residues and high-boiling residues, can be molded by using lignin in the furfural residues, has strong water absorption of short fiber elements in the furfural residues, and can absorb and agglomerate cat excrement by using crushed corn stigma, so that the cat litter is convenient to clean;
3. the used cat litter can be directly flushed into the closestool, does not block the closestool and is convenient to treat;
4. the preparation method is simple, does not use additives, is green and environment-friendly, and is convenient to popularize and use.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated, but is not intended to be limited, by the following examples.
Example 1
Separating corn to obtain corn cob and corn stigma.
The process for preparing furfural by adopting corncobs comprises the following steps: crushing the corncobs to the grain size of 15-20mm, and adding sulfuric acid to obtain a corncob mixture, wherein the mass concentration of the sulfuric acid is 10%, and the dosage of the sulfuric acid is 0.20 kg/(kg of corncobs). Then steam stripping hydrolysis is carried out, the steam temperature is 172 ℃, and the hydrolysis time is 1.5 h. And (3) collecting furfural gas in the processes of steam stripping hydrolysis and pressure slag discharge, condensing and distilling to obtain a furfural product, wherein the hydrolyzed corncob mixture is furfural slag. And collecting high-boiling residues generated in the furfural separation process for later use.
It should be noted that, the preparation of furfural by using corncob is prior art, and the invention is not limited to the method for preparing furfural in example 1.
The preparation method of the cat litter comprises the following steps:
the furfural residue is divided into two parts according to the ratio of 1:1, wherein one half is burnt to obtain a comburent, and the other half is reserved.
Mixing furfural residues with a combustion product according to a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixture A; adding the corn silk into the mixture A,
then, adding a high-boiling-point substance by using a high-pressure spray gun, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B; wherein the mass ratio of the mixture A to the corn stigma to the high-boiling-point substance is 1:1: 0.01; granulating and molding the mixture B at the molding temperature of 200 ℃ to obtain the cat litter; the moisture content of the resulting litter was 7%.
Example 2
Procedure for making furfural reference example 1.
The preparation method of the cat litter comprises the following steps:
the furfural residue is divided into two parts, one part is burnt to obtain a combustion product, and the other part is reserved; wherein the mass ratio of the standby furfural residues to the combustion products is 1: 2.
Mixing the furfural residue and the comburent completely to obtain a mixture A; adding stigma Maydis into mixture A, and recycling
Adding a high-boiling-point substance into the high-pressure spray gun, and then uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B; wherein the mass ratio of the mixture A to the corn stigma to the high-boiling-point substance is 1:1.5: 0.03; granulating and molding the mixture B at the molding temperature of 240 ℃ to obtain the cat litter; the moisture content of the resulting litter was 5%.
Example 3
Procedure for making furfural reference example 1.
The preparation method of the cat litter comprises the following steps:
the furfural residue is divided into two parts, one part is burnt to obtain a combustion product, and the other part is reserved; wherein the mass ratio of the standby furfural residues to the combustion products is 1: 1.5.
Mixing the furfural residue and the comburent completely to obtain a mixture A; adding stigma Maydis into mixture A, and recycling
Adding a high-boiling-point substance into the high-pressure spray gun, and then uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B; wherein the mass ratio of the mixture A to the corn stigma to the high-boiling-point substance is 1:1.25: 0.02; granulating and molding the mixture B at the molding temperature of 220 ℃ to obtain the cat litter; the moisture content of the resulting litter was 6%.
The cat litter of the embodiment 1-3 is formed by laying a layer of cat litter with the thickness of 3-4cm in a clean cat litter basin, so that the cat litter can be continuously used for half a month without odor in summer and for one month in winter, and the used cat litter can be directly flushed into a closestool, does not block the closestool and is convenient to treat.
Comparative example 1
Silica gel cat litter manufactured by Shandong Onshi group Limited was used.
Comparative example 2
Bentonite cat litter using Meipeng cat litter.
The cat litters of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were subjected to odor (tested by smelling through the nose) and performance tests, and the test results are shown in table 1.
The test method is as follows:
water absorption, caking test: the same amount of the litter of examples and comparative examples was poured into a litter box, 50mL of physiological saline containing 1g/100mL of urea was poured thereover, and the time required for complete absorption of water and the time required for caking were tested. After the cat litter is agglomerated, the cat litter is shoveled out, and the scattering condition of the cat litter is observed.
TABLE 1 cat litter performance tests of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the cat litter prepared in the examples 1 to 3 of the present invention has good water absorption and caking property, fast water absorption, fast caking, and is not easy to break, and the cat litter after water absorption can be directly flushed away by adding into a toilet, so as not to block the toilet, and not to pollute the environment. Meanwhile, the cat litter is prepared from the wastes generated by preparing furfural from corncobs, is fully recycled, is green and environment-friendly, and can be popularized and used.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing cat litter by using biomass waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) dividing the furfural residue into two parts, wherein one part is combusted to obtain a combustion product, and the other part is reserved; mixing the standby furfural residue with the comburent according to the mass ratio of 1 (1-2) to obtain a mixture A;
(2) adding corn stigma and a high-boiling-point substance into the mixture A, and then uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B; wherein the mass ratio of the mixture A, the corn stigma and the high-boiling-point substance is 1 (1-1.5) to 0.01-0.03;
(3) granulating and molding the mixture B to obtain the cat litter;
the high-boiling residues are byproducts generated in the process of preparing furfural.
2. The method for preparing cat litter using biomass waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein the furfural residue is a byproduct generated in the furfural preparation process.
3. The method for preparing cat litter by using biomass wastes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (3) is carried out granulation molding by a ring die granulator at a molding temperature of 200 ℃ and 240 ℃.
4. Cat litter made by the method of any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The litter of claim 4 wherein said litter has a moisture content of 5-7% and said litter is cylindrical with a diameter of 3-10mm and a length of 20-100 mm.
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| CN111670819A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-09-18 | 涿州市浩森再生资源回收有限公司 | Novel plant-agglomerated cat litter with good deodorization performance and preparation method thereof |
| CN115152643B (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2023-07-04 | 杭州高爷家小炮宠物用品有限责任公司 | Preparation process of puffed cat litter from grains |
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| CN101416610B (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2011-08-17 | 李季 | Pigpen fermentation bed and use thereof |
| CN103373864A (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2013-10-30 | 陈德林 | Compound biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| US20150045543A1 (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2015-02-12 | Melvin Mitchell | Isolation method for water insoluble components of a biomass and products provided therefrom |
| CN105567371A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-05-11 | 青岛宇星智能科技开发有限公司 | High-efficiency clean biomass fuel |
| CN106386302A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 陈冬林 | Rice and chicken lobster continuous mixing planting and breeding method capable of stabilizing grain income and increasing fishery income |
| CN106719434A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-05-31 | 和县凤台山煜新畜牧有限公司 | A kind of summer child care phase piglet cultural method for suffering from colitis type salmonellosis |
| CN106818640A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-06-13 | 和县凤台山煜新畜牧有限公司 | A kind of utilization dipping method prevents and treats the pig-breeding method of vermin |
| CN108147924A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-06-12 | 刘建平 | A kind of soil conditioner and its production method |
| CN108935133A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2018-12-07 | 涿州市浩森再生资源回收有限公司 | A kind of corncob plant cat litter and preparation method |
| CN110590718A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-20 | 辽宁全康生物科技集团有限责任公司 | Production method for extracting furfural from corncobs |
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Effective date of registration: 20221130 Address after: 457400 No.81, Xiazhuang Village East, Hanzhang Town, Nanle County, Puyang City, Henan Province Patentee after: Puyang Hongye biomass energy Co.,Ltd. Address before: 457400 Biomass Energy Industrial Park, Nanle County, Puyang City, Henan Province Patentee before: HONGYE BIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. |
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