CN111027122A - City green road landscape design method - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000208422 Rhododendron Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
The invention provides a design method of an urban green road landscape. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a plant database; acquiring natural condition information of an area to be designed; selecting plants in the plant database according to the natural condition information to obtain a candidate group; performing landscape design by using plants in the alternative group to obtain a design scheme to be examined; and evaluating the design scheme to be examined according to the evaluation elements, and obtaining an approved design scheme after evaluation. By adopting the method, the design process of the urban green road landscape is simplified, designers can realize overall planning, and the problems of plant selection error or unscientific arrangement and collocation of plants and the like are avoided; the design level is effectively improved, and for the design of urban green roads, the benefit maximization of the ecological function and the aesthetic function of the green roads is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of data analysis and processing, in particular to a method for designing urban green road landscape.
Background
The description of the background of the invention pertaining to the related art to which this invention pertains is given for the purpose of illustration and understanding only of the summary of the invention and is not to be construed as an admission that the applicant is explicitly or implicitly admitted to be prior art to the date of filing this application as first filed with this invention.
The urban green channel is a green channel with a geographic position in a city in a narrow sense, and is a green channel and a green space network on a city scale in a broad sense. According to different administrative levels of the green channel, the green channel can be divided into three levels: 1. area green track: the city is connected with the city, so that the protection effect on a regional ecological system is realized, and the construction of an ecological system is influenced; 2. urban green road: the method is connected with the preferred landscape nodes in the city, and has great significance for the construction of the urban ecosystem; 3. green lane of community: and the community garden is connected with the street green land to serve residents around the community.
The following problems are often faced in the design and construction process of urban green roads: 1. the design process is very complicated, the construction of urban green roads relates to the intersection of multiple theories such as landscape ecology, urban green land planning, landscape design and the like, and designers are difficult to take into consideration comprehensively, so that plant selection errors are caused, or the arrangement and collocation of plants are unscientific and the like; 2. the design level is not uniform, and for the design of urban green roads, a great deal of design experience and good aesthetic accomplishment are needed by designers, and ecological harmony and traffic convenience are comprehensively measured.
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for designing an urban green road landscape.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a design method of an urban green road landscape.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for designing an urban green road landscape, which comprises the following steps: establishing a plant database; acquiring natural condition information of an area to be designed; selecting plants in the plant database according to the natural condition information to obtain a candidate group; performing landscape design by using plants in the alternative group to obtain a design scheme to be examined; and evaluating the design scheme to be examined according to the evaluation elements, and obtaining an approved design scheme after evaluation.
Preferably, the evaluation elements comprise one or more of traffic convenience, traffic safety, ecosystem maintainability, rainwater storage, physical spatiality, plant species diversity, green plant vision occupation ratio, color diversity, landscape season diversity, level collocation and plant posture diversity.
Preferably, each evaluation element is assigned, when the design scheme to be reviewed is evaluated according to the evaluation elements, the sum of the assignments of the evaluation elements is calculated to obtain an evaluation score, and if the evaluation score reaches a set threshold, an approved design scheme is obtained; if the evaluation score does not reach the set threshold value, the plants in the alternative group are reused for landscape design.
Preferably, the natural condition information includes a lighting condition, an environmental temperature condition, an environmental humidity condition, an altitude condition, a soil water content condition, a soil temperature condition.
Preferably, the recorded information of each plant in the plant database comprises: illumination requirements, environmental temperature requirements, environmental humidity requirements, altitude requirements, soil water content requirements, and soil temperature requirements; and comparing the recorded information of each plant with the natural condition information of the area to be designed one by one, and if all the recorded information of the plants accord with the natural condition information of the area to be designed, taking the plants as alternative plants and bringing the alternative plants into an alternative group.
Preferably, each candidate plant in the candidate set is evaluated, and candidate plants with the first A% evaluation are marked, wherein A is more than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 20.
Preferably, when each alternative plant in the alternative group is evaluated, the coincidence value of each item of record information of each alternative plant and the natural condition information of the area to be designed is calculated, and the evaluation is higher when the total coincidence value of the alternative plants is higher.
Preferably, the plant database further comprises image information of plants.
Preferably, the plant database further comprises a profile of the plant.
Preferably, the approved design is modularly encapsulated.
The urban green road landscape design method provided by the embodiment of the invention simplifies the urban green road landscape design process, and designers can realize overall planning, thereby avoiding the problems of plant selection error, or unscientific arrangement and collocation of plants and the like; the design level is effectively improved, and for the design of urban green roads, the benefit maximization of the ecological function and the aesthetic function of the green roads is realized.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the urban greenway landscape design method of the present description;
FIG. 2 is an interface for operating a plant database according to a preferred embodiment of the urban greenway landscape design method of the present specification;
FIG. 3 is an interface for operation of plant introduction of the preferred embodiment of the urban greenway landscape design method of the present specification;
FIG. 4 is a plant image display interface of a preferred embodiment of the urban greenway landscape design method of the present description;
FIG. 5 is a display interface of the approved design scheme of the preferred embodiment of the city greenway landscape design method of the present specification.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The following discussion provides multiple embodiments of the invention. While each embodiment represents a single combination of the inventions, the various embodiments of the inventions can be combined in alternate, or combined, and thus the inventions can be considered to include all possible combinations of the same and/or different embodiments described. Thus, if one embodiment comprises A, B, C and another embodiment comprises a combination of B and D, then the invention should also be construed as comprising an embodiment that comprises A, B, C, D in all other possible combinations, although this embodiment may not be explicitly recited in the following text.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the urban greenway landscape design method of the present description; FIG. 2 is an interface for operating the plant database of the preferred embodiment of the urban greenway landscape design method of the present specification. As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the method for designing an urban green road landscape according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
step S01: and establishing a plant database. Establishing a plant database, wherein the plant database records basic information of plants, such as distribution environment records of the plants, such as growth in cold temperate zones, growth in plateau areas, distribution in north China areas and the like; or the specific requirements of the growing environment, such as the specific requirements of the air temperature, the altitude and the humidity of the planting environment, and the specific operation interface is shown in fig. 2.
Step S02: and acquiring natural condition information of the area to be designed. And determining natural condition information of the area to be designed, wherein the step corresponds to step S01, if the distribution environment of the plants is recorded in the plant database, the step acquires the corresponding natural condition information, and if the specific requirement of the growth environment of the plants is recorded in the plant database, the step acquires the corresponding natural condition information.
Step S03: selecting plants in the plant database according to the natural condition information to obtain a candidate group; comparing the basic information of the plant recorded in the step S01 with the natural condition information of the area to be designed acquired in the step S02, if the natural condition information of the area to be designed matches with the basic information of the plant (i.e. the natural condition of the area to be designed is suitable for the growth of the plant), the plant is included in the alternative group; if the natural condition information of the area to be designed does not match with the basic information of the plant (i.e. the natural condition of the area to be designed is not suitable for the growth of the plant), the plant can not enter the alternative group.
Step S04: performing landscape design by using plants in the alternative group to obtain a design scheme to be examined; only plants entering the alternative group can be selected for landscape design, and a design scheme to be examined is obtained through design.
Step S05: evaluating the design scheme to be checked according to the evaluation elements, and obtaining an approved design scheme after evaluation; wherein the evaluation elements comprise one or more of traffic convenience, traffic safety, ecosystem maintainability, rainwater storage, physical spatiality, plant species diversity, green plant vision occupation ratio, color diversity, landscape season diversity, level collocation and plant posture diversity. The design to be reviewed obtained in step S04 is a preliminary design, and the design to be reviewed is evaluated, and the evaluation factors include traffic convenience (specific sub-indices include, but are not limited to, traffic network density, trip disintegration ability, barrier-free design, disabled trip design, bus trip coverage, hub connection ability, facility construction for convenience, underground space utilization, parking lot distribution density), traffic safety (traffic buffer capacity, turning radius, traffic light facility arrangement, deceleration strip design), ecosystem maintenance (vertical green area ratio, street and forest road popularization rate, per-capita public green area, local species index, comprehensive species index, ecological network connection degree, land utilization rate), rainwater performance (water permeable material, water resource utilization rate, rainwater storage ability, water environment quality standard rate), Physical spatiality (green plant space wind resistance, green plant sound control capability, night lighting coverage, light penetration intensity, heat island effect intensity, ambient heat comfort). Comprehensively evaluating the design scheme to be checked through the evaluation elements, and if the evaluation elements pass, the design scheme to be checked is feasible, so that an approved design scheme is obtained; and if the evaluation is not passed, modifying the design scheme to be examined, or repeating the step S04 until the evaluation of the designed design scheme to be examined is passed.
In the method for designing urban green-road landscape provided by the preferred embodiment, the evaluation factors further include plant species diversity (richness of plant species in plant communities, usually 200m-500m is considered radius), green-plant visual occupation ratio (ratio of objects seen by human eyes to green plants), color diversity (color variability of plants in different periods, and also including color change of flowers and fruits of plants), landscape seasonal diversity (landscape changed in spring, summer, autumn and winter, landscape change of leaf colors of spring leaves, autumn leaves and the like, flower and fruit landscape change of spring flowers, summer flowers, autumn fruits and the like, different landscape effects presented by plants along with seasonal change and growth cycle change), level collocation (reasonable collocation between different plants, degree of change of high-low dislocation), and plant posture diversity (ornamental characteristics of Zhuwu, such as whether the ornamental flower, the ornamental leaf, the ornamental fruit, the ornamental branch and the like exist). The aesthetic characteristics are comprehensively considered, so that the beautification of the designed urban green road landscape is improved.
In the method for designing the urban green road landscape provided by the preferred embodiment, each evaluation element is assigned, when the design scheme to be examined is evaluated according to the evaluation elements, the sum of the assignments of the evaluation elements is calculated to obtain an evaluation score, and if the evaluation score reaches a set threshold value, an approved design scheme is obtained; if the evaluation score does not reach the set threshold value, the plants in the alternative group are reused for landscape design; for example, for ecological system maintainability evaluation elements, if the vertical greening area percentage is more than 50%, assigning 3 points, if the street forest shade road popularization rate is higher, assigning 3 points, if the per capita public green land area is greatly improved, assigning 3 points, if the local species index reaches more than 2, assigning 3 points, if the comprehensive species index reaches more than 2, assigning 3 points, if the ecological network connectivity is higher, assigning 3 points, and if the land utilization rate reaches more than 85%, assigning 3 points; if the green color is less than 30% in the visual field of people, the value is assigned to 1-3 points; if the green color is 30% -50% of the human visual field, the value is assigned 4-6 points; if the green color reaches more than 50% in the human visual field, the score is 7-10. And by adopting the assigning evaluation mode, on one hand, the quantitative design scheme to be examined is comprehensively and comprehensively evaluated, and on the other hand, the evaluation complexity is reduced.
In the method for designing an urban green road landscape provided by the preferred embodiment, the natural condition information includes an illumination condition, an environmental temperature condition, an environmental humidity condition, an altitude condition, a soil water content condition, and a soil temperature condition. In the plant database, the record information of each plant comprises: illumination requirements, environmental temperature requirements, environmental humidity requirements, altitude requirements, soil water content requirements, and soil temperature requirements; and comparing the recorded information of each plant with the natural condition information of the area to be designed one by one, and if all the recorded information of the plants accord with the natural condition information of the area to be designed, taking the plants as alternative plants and bringing the alternative plants into an alternative group. The 6 indexes can accurately judge whether the plants are suitable for being planted in the area to be designed, and the indexes can be quantized; if the elevation requirement of the rhododendron is 500-2500m and the elevation of the to-be-designed area is 2-20m, the rhododendron is not suitable for being planted in the area and cannot be brought into the optional group, meanwhile, the environmental temperature requirement of the rhododendron is 12-32 ℃, and if the environmental temperature of the to-be-designed area is 7-38 ℃, although the environmental temperature condition of the to-be-designed area meets the environmental temperature requirement of the rhododendron (the environmental temperature has an overlapping range, the growth is judged to be appropriate), the rhododendron cannot be brought into the optional group because the elevation condition of the to-be-designed area does not meet the environmental temperature requirement of the rhododendron.
In the method for designing the urban green road landscape provided by the preferred embodiment, each alternative plant in the alternative group is evaluated, and the alternative plants with the A% before evaluation are marked, wherein A is more than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 20. After a complete evaluation of all plants in the candidate set, the plants more advanced in the evaluation are marked, the marked plants being plants which grow in particular in this area. In another embodiment of the present invention, the plants suitable for growing in the area to be designed can also be directly marked according to the plant growing experience of the area to be designed.
In the method for designing the urban green-road landscape provided by the preferred embodiment, when each alternative plant in the alternative group is evaluated, the coincidence value of each item of recording information of each alternative plant and the natural condition information of the area to be designed is calculated, and the higher the total value of the coincidence degree of the alternative plants is, the higher the evaluation is. For example, if the demand for ambient humidity of plant a1 is 38% to 80%, the demand for ambient humidity of plant a2 is 10% to 50%, and the ambient humidity of the area to be designed is 50% to 90%, the degree of coincidence of plant a1 at ambient humidity is higher than the degree of coincidence of plant a2 at ambient humidity.
By adopting the urban green road landscape design method provided by the preferred embodiment, the urban green road landscape design process is simplified, designers can realize overall planning, and the problems of plant selection error or unscientific arrangement and collocation of plants and the like are avoided; the design level is effectively improved, and for the design of urban green roads, the benefit maximization of the ecological function and the aesthetic function of the green roads is realized.
FIG. 3 is an interface for operation of plant introduction of the preferred embodiment of the urban greenway landscape design method of the present specification; FIG. 4 is a plant image display interface of a preferred embodiment of the urban greenway landscape design method of the present description; FIG. 5 is a display interface of the approved design scheme of the preferred embodiment of the city greenway landscape design method of the present specification.
As shown in fig. 2 to fig. 5, in the method for designing an urban green road landscape provided by the preferred embodiment, uniform operation, management and viewing can be performed through the operation interface of the plant database.
As shown in fig. 2, clicking the "integrated management" function button to enter a plant database management function interface, setting parameters such as a plant number, a plant name, plant database management, and the like, and supporting processing and operation such as database setting, plant display, and the like.
As shown in fig. 3, the plant database provides a plant introduction function, and a "plant introduction function" button is clicked to enter a plant introduction function interface, so that parameters such as plant introduction can be set, and processing and operation such as plant selection and information processing are supported.
As shown in fig. 4, when the plant material selection function button is clicked, the plant material selection function interface is entered, parameters such as a selection mode, plant material selection and the like can be set, and processing and operation such as plant management, material information and the like are supported.
As shown in fig. 5, a "three-dimensional landscape road design" function button is clicked, a three-dimensional landscape road design function interface is entered, parameters such as picture display, operation time, three-dimensional landscape road design and the like can be set, and processing and operation such as file switching, design management and the like are supported.
In the method for designing the urban green road landscape provided by the preferred embodiment, the approved design scheme is packaged in a modularization mode. In the design of urban green road landscape, a large number of repeated elements often appear, the set design scheme is subjected to modular packaging, and when needed, the elements can be directly called and selected, so that the repeated labor is greatly reduced.
In the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" means two or more unless expressly limited otherwise. The terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; "coupled" may be direct or indirect through an intermediary. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or unit must have a specific direction, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A design method of urban green road landscape is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a plant database;
acquiring natural condition information of an area to be designed;
selecting plants in the plant database according to the natural condition information to obtain a candidate group;
performing landscape design by using the plants in the alternative group to obtain a design scheme to be examined;
and evaluating the design scheme to be examined according to the evaluation elements, and obtaining an approved design scheme after evaluation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the evaluation elements comprise one or more of traffic convenience, traffic safety, ecosystem maintenance, rain water storage, physical space, plant species diversity, green plant vision occupation ratio, color diversity, landscape season diversity, hierarchical collocation, and plant posture diversity.
3. The urban green channel landscape design method according to claim 2, wherein each evaluation element is assigned first, when the design scheme to be reviewed is evaluated according to the evaluation element, the sum of the assignments of the evaluation elements is calculated to obtain an evaluation score, and if the evaluation score reaches a set threshold, an approved design scheme is obtained; if the evaluation score does not reach the set threshold value, the plants in the alternative group are reused for landscape design.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the natural condition information includes lighting conditions, ambient temperature conditions, ambient humidity conditions, altitude conditions, soil moisture conditions, and soil temperature conditions.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the plant database records information of each plant including: illumination requirements, environmental temperature requirements, environmental humidity requirements, altitude requirements, soil water content requirements, and soil temperature requirements; and comparing the recorded information of each plant with the natural condition information of the area to be designed one by one, and if all the recorded information of the plants accord with the natural condition information of the area to be designed, taking the plants as alternative plants and bringing the alternative plants into an alternative group.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein each candidate plant in the candidate group is evaluated, and the candidate plants with the first A% evaluation are marked, wherein A is greater than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 20.
7. The urban green channel landscape design method according to claim 6, wherein when each alternative plant in the alternative group is evaluated, a coincidence value of each item of recorded information of each alternative plant and natural condition information of an area to be designed is calculated, and the higher the total value of the coincidence degree of the alternative plants is, the higher the evaluation is.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein the plant database further comprises image information of plants.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the plant database further comprises profiles of plants.
10. The method of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the approved design is packaged modularly.
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