CN111022170A - 用于车辆的发动机冷却系统 - Google Patents
用于车辆的发动机冷却系统 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
- F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
- F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
- F01P7/165—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control characterised by systems with two or more loops
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
- F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
- F02M26/28—Layout, e.g. schematics with liquid-cooled heat exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
- F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/18—Arrangements or mounting of liquid-to-air heat-exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/20—Cooling circuits not specific to a single part of engine or machine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
- F01P5/02—Pumping cooling-air; Arrangements of cooling-air pumps, e.g. fans or blowers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
- F01P5/10—Pumping liquid coolant; Arrangements of coolant pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
- F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
- F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
- F01P7/167—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control by adjusting the pre-set temperature according to engine parameters, e.g. engine load, engine speed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2089—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for power electronics, e.g. for inverters for controlling motor
- H05K7/20927—Liquid coolant without phase change
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2089—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for power electronics, e.g. for inverters for controlling motor
- H05K7/20945—Thermal management, e.g. inverter temperature control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
- B60K11/04—Arrangement or mounting of radiators, radiator shutters, or radiator blinds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/006—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
- B60K2006/268—Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
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- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
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- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
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Abstract
一种发动机冷却系统包括:发动机系统,其包括具有通过燃料的燃烧产生驱动力的多个燃烧室的发动机;功率电子(PE)装置,其根据车辆的行驶状态来辅助发动机系统的发动机扭矩;主散热器,其通过发动机冷却液管线连接到发动机系统,并且通过在发动机冷却液管线中流动的发动机冷却液排出在发动机系统中产生的热量;子散热器,其通过PE冷却液管线连接到PE装置,并通过在PE冷却液管线中流动的PE冷却液排出在PE装置中产生的热量;双通阀,其将发动机冷却液管线和PE冷却液管线彼此连接;以及控制器,其用于根据发动机冷却液的温度和车辆行驶状况来控制双通阀的打开和关闭。
Description
相关申请的引用
本申请要求于2018年10月10日向韩国知识产权局提交的韩国专利申请第10-2018-0120179号的优先权和权益,其全部内容通过引用的方式并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及一种用于车辆的发动机冷却系统,更具体地,涉及一种具有阀的发动机冷却系统,其允许冷却液根据行驶状况循环通过发动机冷却回路和功率电子冷却回路。
背景技术
车辆通常具有发动机冷却系统,其防止发动机过热,并且具有将发动机的热量释放到发动机外部的结构。
为了移除发动机的热量,冷却液循环通过发动机缸体和汽缸盖,并且加热的冷却液流过设置在车辆前方的散热器,并且散热器将冷却液的热量释放到外部。该冷却系统使用各种阀并且构成发动机冷却回路。
这种冷却系统不仅用在传统的内燃机中,而且用在一起使用发动机功率和电池功率的混合动力车辆中。混合动力车辆使用发动机功率和电动机功率的有效组合。取决于发动机与电动机之间的功率分配比,混合动力车辆可以分为轻度和重度。轻度混合动力车辆设置有轻度混合动力起动机和发电机(MHSG),其启动发动机而不是启动交流发电机或者由发动机的输出产生。
轻度混合动力车辆可以使用MHSG根据行驶状况来辅助发动机扭矩,并且可以通过再生制动对电池(例如,48V电池)充电。结果,可以提高轻度混合动力车辆的燃料效率。
轻度混合动力车辆具有功率电子(PE)装置,其包括轻度混合动力起动机和发电机、混合动力电功率控制单元和液压泵控制单元。该功率电子装置必须通过功率电子冷却回路冷却,其与发动机冷却回路分开以用于冷却发动机。
发动机冷却回路和功率电子冷却回路分别设置有冷却液通道、散热器和冷却液泵,并且通过打开和关闭三通阀来执行一体式冷却或单独冷却。
然而,通过将各个散热器串联连接,基于发动机冷却液流速在增加每个冷却液通道的尺寸上存在限制,而发动机冷却回路和功率电子冷却回路所需的冷却液容量是不同的。另外,考虑到功率电子装置中的温度限制因素,如果将高温发动机冷却液供应到功率电子装置,则存在功率电子装置组件损坏的风险。此外,存在的问题是,在与整体分开的冷却的情况下,必须通过单独的冷却液泵来操作附加的功率电子装置冷却回路,以冷却保留在功率电子装置中的高温冷却液。
在该背景技术部分中公开的上述信息仅为了加强对本公开背景技术的理解,并且因此,对于本领域普通技术人员来说,它可能包含不构成本国已知的现有技术的信息。
发明内容
本公开致力于提供一种用于车辆的发动机冷却系统,其中,发动机冷却液和功率电子器件冷却液被分离并针对每个系统流速进行优化,并且使功率电子器件中剩余的高温发动机冷却液最小化。
根据本公开的示例性实施例的一种用于车辆的发动机冷却系统包括:发动机系统,该发动机系统包括发动机,该发动机具有通过燃料的燃烧产生驱动力的多个燃烧室;功率电子(PE)装置,该功率电子(PE)装置根据车辆的行驶状态来辅助发动机系统的发动机扭矩;主散热器,该主散热器通过发动机冷却液管线连接到发动机系统,并通过在发动机冷却液管线中流动的发动机冷却液排出在发动机系统中产生的热量;子散热器,该子散热器通过PE冷却液管线连接到PE装置,并通过在PE冷却液管线中流动的PE冷却液排出在PE装置中产生的热量;双通阀,该双通阀将发动机冷却液管线和PE冷却液管线彼此连接并被打开或关闭,其中,该双通阀被构造成打开或关闭以允许发动机冷却液流过或阻塞发动机冷却液;以及控制器,该控制器用于根据发动机冷却液的温度和车辆行驶状态来控制双通阀的打开和关闭。
发动机系统还可以包括废气再循环(EGR)装置,其中,输入从发动机排出的废气的一部分并且废气被再次供应到发动机。
EGR装置可包括EGR冷却器,以用于冷却流入EGR装置中的废气。
PE装置可以包括电动水泵(EWP),以用于泵送PE冷却液以使PE冷却回路循环。
PE装置可包括混合动力起动机和发电机(HSG),该混合动力起动机和发电机启动发动机或通过发动机的输出产生功率。
主散热器和子散热器可以并联连接。
主散热器和子散热器可以一体地形成。
根据本公开示例性实施例的用于车辆的发动机冷却系统还可以包括冷却器,该冷却器设置在与主散热器和子散热器相邻的位置处,其构成空调并且冷却在压缩机中在高温和高压下压缩的制冷剂。
根据本公开示例性实施例的用于车辆的发动机冷却系统还可包括冷却风扇,该冷却风扇在主散热器和子散热器设置在冷却风扇与冷却器之间的状态下设置在面向冷却器的位置处。
主散热器和子散热器可以在其两侧设置有区域分离板,以用于分离主散热器和子散热器的区域。
双通阀安装在区域分离板中,并且发动机冷却液的循环路径可以根据双通阀的打开和关闭而改变。
双通阀可以包括设置在主散热器和子散热器的邻接部的两侧的第一双通阀和第二双通阀。
控制器确定发动机冷却液的温度是否等于或高于第一温度,并且当发动机冷却液的温度低于第一温度时可以控制使得第一双通阀和第二双通阀关闭,从而使发动机冷却液循环通过发动机冷却回路并使PE冷却液循环通过PE冷却回路。
当发动机冷却液的温度等于或高于第一温度时,控制器可以控制使得第一双通阀和第二双通阀打开,从而使发动机冷却液和PE冷却液混合以同时地循环通过发动机冷却回路和PE冷却回路。
控制器可以控制使得第一双通阀和第二双通阀中的任一者打开,从而当在车辆的冷启动时需要升高PE装置的温度时,使发动机冷却液和PE冷却液混合以同时地循环通过发动机冷却回路和PE冷却回路。
第一温度可以在90℃至120℃之间。
根据本公开的示例性实施例,在车辆运行状态期间,根据冷却液温度状况,发动机冷却液可以被选择性地注入到子散热器中,因此能够最大化发动机的冷却效率,这是因为发动机冷却液和外部空气温度可以在主散热器和子散热器中的高温差下进行传递。
此外,在现有散热器中添加区域分离板和双通阀可以降低投资成本,这是因为一个散热器可以同时执行发动机冷却和PE冷却。
另外,当在子散热器中使用发动机冷却液时,可以禁用PE装置中的电动水泵,从而改进燃料效率。
另外,由于主散热器和子散热器一体地形成,所以可以改进装配性,这有利于车辆的等级/类型的通用化和标准化。
另外,通过简化车辆的布局,有利于确保车辆的前冷却系统的有效区域并确保占用空间。
另外,在电动车辆(EV)模式中,发动机系统的冷却液可以用作热源以缩短PE装置的高压电池的升温时间,并且当EV模式在低温环境中延长时可以改进燃料效率。
附图说明
图1是示意性地示出了根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于车辆的发动机冷却系统的概念图。
图2是示意性地示出了根据本公开的示例性实施例的主散热器和子散热器的视图。
图3是示意性地示出了根据本公开的示例性实施例的一体式散热器和冷却器的视图。
图4是示意性地示出了根据本公开的示例性实施例的一体式散热器、冷却器(chiller,致冷器)和冷却风扇的概念图。
图5是示意性地示出了根据本公开的示例性实施例的在用于车辆的发动机冷却系统中的在正常行驶模式情况下的冷却液的流动的概念图。
图6是示意性地示出了根据本公开的示例性实施例的在用于车辆的发动机冷却系统中的在恶劣(harsh,严苛,不良)行驶模式情况下的冷却液的流动的概念图。
图7是示意性地示出了根据本公开示例性实施例的当在车辆的发动机冷却系统中在车辆冷启动时刻需要升高PE装置的温度时的冷却液的流动的概念图。
具体实施方式
在下文中,将参照附图更全面地描述本公开,附图中示出了本公开的示例性实施例。如本领域技术人员将认识到的,可以以各种不同方式修改所描述的实施例,所有这些都不脱离本公开的精神或范围。
此外,在示例性实施例中,由于相同的附图标记表示具有相同构造的相同元件,所以代表性地描述了第一示例性实施例,并且在其他示例性实施例中,将仅描述与第一示例性实施例不同的构造。
附图是示意性的,并未根据比例示出。为了清楚和方便起见,附图中的部分的相对尺寸和比率被示出为夸大或缩小,并且尺寸仅是示例性的而非限制性的。另外,在两个或更多个附图中示出的相同结构、元件或组件使用相同的附图标记用于示出类似的特征。应当理解,当诸如层、膜、区域或基板的元件被称为在另一元件“上”(“on”)时,它可以直接在另一元件上,或者也可以存在中间元件。
本公开的示例性实施例详细示出了本公开的示例性实施例。结果,将期望对附图进行各种修改。因此,示例性实施例不限于所示出区域的特定方面,并且例如,包括通过制造的方面的修改。
现在,将参考图1和图4描述根据本公开的示例性实施例的发动机冷却系统。
图1是示意性地示出了根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于车辆的发动机冷却系统的概念图,图2是示意性地示出了根据本公开示例性实施例的主散热器和子散热器的视图,图3是示意性地示出了根据本公开示例性实施例的一体式散热器和冷却器的视图,以及图4是示意性地示出了根据本公开示例性实施例的一体式散热器、冷却器和冷却风扇的概念图。
参考图1,车辆发动机冷却系统100包括发动机系统10、功率电子(PE)装置20、主散热器30、子散热器40、双通阀52和54以及控制器70。
在本公开中,控制器70可以是电子控制单元(ECU)。
发动机系统10包括发动机,并且发动机包括通过燃料燃烧产生驱动力的多个燃烧室。发动机设置有进气管线和排气管线,供应到燃烧室的进气(外部空气)流过进气管线,从燃烧室排出的废气流过排气管线。
用于将进气分配到多个燃烧室的进气歧管安装在进气管线的出口处。用于将从多个燃烧室排出的废气收集到排气管线中的排气歧管安装在排气管线的入口处。
供应到发动机的燃烧室的进气通过进气管线和进气歧管供应到发动机的燃烧室,并且从燃烧室供应的废气通过排气歧管和排气管线排放到外部。此时,排气管线设置有用于净化废气的废气净化装置。
发动机系统10还可包括废气再循环(EGR)装置14,其中,输入从发动机排出的一部分废气并且废气被再次供应到发动机,并且EGR装置14可以包括EGR冷却器12以用于冷却流入EGR装置14中的废气。
当需要根据行驶状况减少氮氧化物的排放量时,由EGR管线实现的EGR14装置将一部分废气供应到进气系统并流入燃烧室。然后,在燃料燃烧期间,作为体积未改变的惰性气体的废气降低了空燃混合物的密度,并且火焰传递速度降低。因此,燃料的燃烧速度降低,燃烧温度的升高降低以抑制氮氧化物的产生。
PE装置20根据车辆的行驶状态来辅助发动机系统10的发动机扭矩。PE装置20可包括混合动力起动机和发电机(HSG),其启动发动机或通过发动机的输出产生功率。
此外,PE装置20可包括一体式起动机发电机,以及电动水泵(EWP)24以用于泵送使PE装置20循环的PE冷却液以使PE冷却回路循环。EWP24提供压力以使PE冷却液通过PE装置20和子散热器40进行循环。
此外,PE装置20可包括:混合动力电功率控制单元(HPCU)26,作为应用于混合动力车辆的一体式控制器;电动油泵,用于泵送在PE装置20中使用的油;以及用于控制油泵的油泵控制单元28等。
主散热器30通过发动机冷却液管线15连接到发动机系统10,以形成发动机冷却回路。此外,主散热器30通过在发动机冷却液管线中流动的发动机冷却液排出在发动机系统中产生的热量。
发动机冷却回路设置有发动机冷却液泵,其能够为发动机冷却液提供压力以循环通过发动机冷却液管线。
在发动机系统10中产生的热量被传递到发动机冷却水,并且发动机冷却液被发送到主散热器30中的细管(thin tube,薄壁管)并被在行驶期间产生的风(行驶风)冷却,并且冷却风扇45安装在散热器30的主体附近。然后,冷却的发动机冷却液再次被发送到发动机系统10并接收发动机系统10的热量。
子散热器40通过PE冷却液管线25连接到PE装置20,以形成PE冷却回路。此外,子散热器40通过在PE冷却液管线25中流动的PE冷却液排出在PE装置20中产生的热量。
主散热器30和子散热器40可以并联连接或者可以一体地形成。
冷却器60可以进一步设置在与彼此一体地形成的主散热器30和子散热器40相邻的位置处。冷却器60是单独的冷却装置,其通过与空调气体进行热交换来冷却发动机冷却液和PE冷却液。低温空调气体通过与发动机冷却液和PE冷却液的热交换来吸收热量,并且通过利用空调冷却系统将存储在空调气体中的热量排放到车辆外部。作为单独的冷却装置的冷却器60辅助主散热器30与子散热器40之间的热交换,并且当需要发动机冷却液和PE冷却液的过冷时用作附加的冷却装置。
此外,在主散热器30和子散热器40布置在冷却风扇45与冷却器60之间的状态下,冷却风扇45还可以设置在面向冷却器60的位置处。冷却风扇45可以安装在主散热器30的主体上。冷却风扇45可以是电动冷却风扇。当水温传感器29检测到冷却液的温度为高于预定温度的温度时,即使车辆关闭,恒温器也会机械地打开,并且电动冷却风扇能够自动地转动以冷却散热器。
区域分离板35可以设置在彼此一体地形成的主散热器30和子散热器40的两侧上。也就是说,如图2和图4所示,用于使主散热器30和子散热器40的区域分开的区域分离板35可以设置在主散热器30和子散热器40的两侧上,即,在主散热器30的两个下端和子散热器40的两个上端上。
双通阀52和54将发动机冷却液管线15和PE冷却液管线25彼此连接,并且被打开或关闭,使得发动机冷却液流过PE冷却液管线25或被阻塞于PE冷却液管线25。
双通阀52和54可以是双通电磁阀。电磁阀可以利用电磁线圈的电磁力自动地打开和关闭该阀。当通过以螺旋形式缠绕电线来通电时,可以通过磁场力打开和关闭电磁阀。
此外,代替双通阀52和54,可以使用蜡型恒温器或电子恒温器。
蜡型恒温器是这样一种结构,其中,蜡被密封在金属壳体中,柱塞设置在壳体的中心,并且蜡型恒温器被固定至主体。柱塞被固定至主体,并且包含蜡的壳体能够在柱塞上往复运动。
在蜡型恒温器的情况下,当冷却液的温度升高到约80℃时,当蜡开始熔化并且在蜡熔化时体积增加时,蜡壳被推出柱塞,并且最后阀打开。当阀打开时,热的发动机冷却液流入散热器中并被冷却。当冷却液温度下降时,弹簧将蜡壳推回到其在柱塞上的原始位置。这样可以完全关闭阀,并且冷却液不会循环到散热器。
电子恒温器是一种加热元件嵌入蜡壳中的类型。取决于发动机的运行状况,控制器70向加热元件供应电流(除了冷却液的热量之外)以对蜡进行电加热。
双通阀52和54设置在区域分离板35中,使得通过打开和关闭双通阀52和54可以改变发动机冷却液的循环路径。双通阀52和54可以包括设置在主散热器30和子散热器40的邻接部的两侧的第一双通阀52和第二双通阀54。
图5是示意性地示出了根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于车辆的发动机冷却系统中的在正常行驶模式的情况下的冷却液的流动的概念图,图6是示意性地示出了根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于车辆的发动机冷却系统中的在恶劣行驶模式的情况下的冷却液的流动的概念图,以及图7是示意性地示出了根据本公开的示例性实施例的当在车辆的发动机冷却系统中在车辆冷启动时刻需要升高PE装置的温度时的冷却液的流动的概念图。
参考图5,控制器70确定发动机冷却液的温度是否等于或高于第一温度。发动机冷却液的温度可以通过安装在发动机冷却液管线15中的冷却液传感器来测量。此外,PE冷却液的温度或发动机冷却液和PE冷却液混合的冷却液温度可以通过安装在PE冷却液管线25中的水温传感器29来测量。
当发动机冷却液的温度低于第一温度时,即,在正常运行模式中,控制器70控制第一双通阀52和第二双通阀54关闭。此时,第一温度可以为约90℃至约120℃。
当第一双通阀52和第二双通阀54关闭时,发动机冷却液使发动机冷却回路循环,并且PE冷却液循环通过PE冷却回路。此时,为了泵送PE冷却液以使PE冷却回路循环,操作电动水泵24。在发动机系统10中加热的发动机冷却液通过主散热器30被冷却,然后再次流入发动机系统10。
参考图6,当发动机冷却液的温度等于或高于第一温度时,控制器70控制第一双通阀52和第二双通阀54打开。当发动机冷却液的温度等于或高于第一温度时,发动机处于恶劣运行模式。恶劣的驾驶模式可以是例如高速高温环境,其中,发动机可能过热,诸如当牵引车辆时的行驶模式。
当第一双通阀52和第二双通阀54打开时,发动机冷却液循环通过发动机冷却回路并且通过第一双通阀52和第二双通阀52流到子散热器40。在发动机系统10中加热的发动机冷却液通过主散热器30和子散热器40被冷却,并且再次流入发动机系统10中。此时,PE装置20的电动水泵24不运转。
参考图7,当在车辆的低温启动时刻需要升高PE装置20的温度时,控制器70控制打开第一双通阀52和第二双通阀54中的任一个。PE装置20的PE冷却液温度可以由水温传感器29来测量。此时,发动机冷却液和PE冷却液混合并同时地循环到发动机冷却回路和PE冷却回路。在发动机冷却回路中流动的相对高温的发动机冷却液被发送到PE冷却回路,并且包含在发动机冷却液中的高温冷却液使PE装置20升温。
像这样,根据本公开的示例性实施例,在车辆运行状况期间,根据冷却液温度状况,发动机冷却液可以被选择性地注入到子散热器中,因此可以最大化发动机的冷却效率,这是因为发动机冷却液和外部空气温度可以在主散热器和子散热器中的高温差下进行传递。
此外,在现有散热器中添加区域分离板和双通阀能够降低投资成本,这是因为一个散热器能够同时执行发动机冷却和PE冷却。
另外,当在子散热器中使用发动机冷却液时,可以禁用PE装置中的电动水泵,从而提高燃料效率。
另外,由于主散热器和子散热器一体地形成,所以可以改进装配性,这有利于标准化。
另外,通过简化车辆的布局,有利于确保车辆的前冷却系统的有效区域并确保占用空间。
另外,在电动车辆(EV)模式中,发动机系统的冷却液可以用作热源以缩短PE装置的高压电池的升温时间,并且当EV模式在低温环境中延长时,可以改进燃料效率。
虽然已经结合目前被认为是实际的示例性实施例描述了本公开,但是应该理解,本公开不限于所发明的实施例。相反,旨在覆盖包含在所附权利要求的精神和范围内的各种修改和等同布置。
Claims (16)
1.一种用于车辆的发动机冷却系统,包括:
发动机系统,包括发动机,所述发动机具有通过燃料的燃烧产生驱动力的多个燃烧室;
功率电子装置,根据车辆的行驶状态来辅助所述发动机系统的发动机扭矩;
主散热器,通过发动机冷却液管线连接到所述发动机系统,并且所述主散热器通过在所述发动机冷却液管线中流动的发动机冷却液来排出在所述发动机系统中产生的热量;
子散热器,通过功率电子冷却液管线连接到所述功率电子装置,并且所述子散热器通过在所述功率电子冷却液管线中流动的功率电子冷却液来排出在所述功率电子装置中产生的热量;
双通阀,将所述发动机冷却液管线和所述功率电子冷却液管线彼此连接,其中,所述双通阀被构造成打开或关闭以允许所述发动机冷却液流过所述功率电子冷却液管线或阻挡于所述功率电子冷却液管线;以及
控制器,用于根据所述发动机冷却液的温度和车辆行驶状况来控制所述双通阀的打开和关闭。
2.根据权利要求1所述的发动机冷却系统,其中:
所述发动机系统还包括废气再循环装置,以用于将从所述发动机排出的废气的一部分再循环到所述发动机中。
3.根据权利要求2所述的发动机冷却系统,其中:
所述废气再循环装置包括废气再循环冷却器,以用于冷却流入所述废气再循环装置中的废气。
4.根据权利要求1所述的发动机冷却系统,其中:
所述功率电子装置包括电动水泵,以用于泵送所述功率电子冷却液以在所述功率电子冷却液管线内循环。
5.根据权利要求1所述的发动机冷却系统,其中:
所述功率电子装置包括混合动力起动机和发电机,所述混合动力起动机和发电机启动所述发动机或通过所述发动机的输出产生功率。
6.根据权利要求1所述的发动机冷却系统,其中:
所述主散热器和所述子散热器并联连接。
7.根据权利要求6所述的发动机冷却系统,其中:
所述主散热器和所述子散热器一体地组合。
8.根据权利要求1所述的发动机冷却系统,还包括:
冷却器,位于与所述主散热器和所述子散热器相邻的位置处,
其中,所述冷却器包括空调,并且所述冷却器通过与空调气体进行热交换来冷却所述发动机冷却液和所述功率电子冷却液。
9.根据权利要求8所述的发动机冷却系统,还包括:
冷却风扇,在所述主散热器和所述子散热器设置在所述冷却风扇与所述冷却器之间的状态下设置在面向所述冷却器的位置处。
10.根据权利要求7所述的发动机冷却系统,其中:
所述主散热器和所述子散热器中的每者包括位于所述主散热器和所述子散热器中的每者的两侧处的区域分离板,以用于分离所述主散热器和所述子散热器。
11.根据权利要求10所述的发动机冷却系统,其中:
所述双通阀设置在所述区域分离板上,并且所述发动机冷却液的流动方向根据所述双通阀的打开和关闭而改变。
12.根据权利要求11所述的发动机冷却系统,其中:
所述双通阀包括位于所述主散热器和所述子散热器中的每者的一侧处的第一双通阀和位于所述主散热器和所述子散热器中的每者的另一侧处的第二双通阀。
13.根据权利要求12所述的发动机冷却系统,其中,所述控制器确定所述发动机冷却液的温度是否等于或高于基准温度,并且
其中,当所述发动机冷却液的温度低于所述基准温度时,所述控制器控制所述第一双通阀和所述第二双通阀关闭以使所述发动机冷却液循环通过所述发动机冷却液管线并使所述功率电子冷却液循环通过所述功率电子冷却液管线。
14.根据权利要求13所述的发动机冷却系统,其中:
当所述发动机冷却液的温度等于或高于所述基准温度时,所述控制器控制所述第一双通阀和所述第二双通阀打开以混合所述发动机冷却液和所述功率电子冷却液并使所述发动机冷却液和所述功率电子冷却液同时地循环通过所述发动机冷却液管线和所述功率电子冷却液管线。
15.根据权利要求12所述的发动机冷却系统,其中:
所述控制器控制所述第一双通阀和所述第二双通阀中的任一者打开以混合所述发动机冷却液和所述功率电子冷却液并使所述发动机冷却液和所述功率电子冷却液同时地循环通过所述发动机冷却液管线和所述功率电子冷却液管线,以在所述车辆的冷启动时升高所述功率电子装置的温度。
16.根据权利要求13所述的发动机冷却系统,其中:
所述基准温度在90℃至120℃之间。
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