CN111022058A - Tunneling and anchoring integration-based rapid tunneling and supporting method for tunnel in extra-thick coal seam - Google Patents
Tunneling and anchoring integration-based rapid tunneling and supporting method for tunnel in extra-thick coal seam Download PDFInfo
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- CN111022058A CN111022058A CN201911267889.9A CN201911267889A CN111022058A CN 111022058 A CN111022058 A CN 111022058A CN 201911267889 A CN201911267889 A CN 201911267889A CN 111022058 A CN111022058 A CN 111022058A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/025—Grouting with organic components, e.g. resin
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a method for quickly tunneling and supporting a tunnel in an ultra-thick coal seam based on tunneling and anchoring integration; the method comprises the following steps: a. tunneling, namely tunneling by adopting a tunneling and anchoring unit, constructing according to a design size, feeding in the middle of a coal wall of a roadway, cutting and forming for two times from top to bottom, and tunneling by adopting a tunneling mode of supporting while tunneling and 1m supporting for 1m by adopting a tunneling machine; b. temporary supporting is realized by adopting a roof with an advance support of an anchor driving machine; c. installing a top anchor rod; d. installing an anchor cable; e. when the side anchor rods are installed and supported by the side anchor rods, the side anchor rods are not lined with the top plate, and the difference between the top side anchor rods and the top plate anchor rods is 300 mm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a tunnel rapid tunneling and supporting method in an extra-thick coal seam based on tunneling and anchoring integration.
Background
When the thickness of coal seams of coal mines is large, the thickness of combined coal seams is high, a crossheading roadway is tunneled along the bottom plate of the coal seam, and the thickness of top coal is large, in order to relieve the shortage of continuous excavation, the tunneling speed of the roadway needs to be improved. The currently common coal roadway rapid tunneling and supporting technologies can be roughly divided into three types: (1) a cantilever type development machine and a single drilling machine are matched; (2) performing cross transposition tunneling on the continuous miner and the anchor rod trolley; (3) an anchor driving unit integrating driving and anchoring. The matching process of the cantilever type heading machine and the single drilling machine has low mechanization degree and more construction procedures, the roadway support is mainly manually operated by operating workers, the heading speed is low, the requirement of rapid propulsion of a coal face cannot be met, and the mining continuation is tense. The continuous miner and the anchor rod trolley are alternately tunneled, the empty-roof distance is large, and the continuous miner and the anchor rod trolley are usually used in mining areas with good coal seam occurrence conditions, such as Shendong mining areas and the like. The tunneling and anchoring machine is a tunneling and anchoring integrated device developed on the basis of cutting by a wide drum of a continuous mining machine, and realizes synchronous cutting, loading, transportation and anchoring and protection, full-section cutting and one-step roadway formation. However, compared with the existing tunneling and anchoring machine set, the existing tunneling and anchoring machine set has the problem that the supporting process, the supporting parameters and the like have larger differences in the tunneling process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a tunneling and anchoring integration-based rapid tunneling and supporting method for a tunnel in an extra-thick coal seam, aiming at solving the problem of low tunneling efficiency of the tunnel in the extra-thick coal seam.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
1. a tunnel rapid tunneling and supporting method in an ultra-thick coal seam based on tunneling and anchoring integration comprises the following steps:
a. tunneling, namely tunneling by using a tunneling and anchoring unit, constructing according to a design size, controlling the tunneling size of a tunnel to be over-excavated within 200mm, forming the tunnel once when a tunneling machine tunnels, feeding a cutter at the middle part of the coal wall of the tunnel, cutting and forming twice from top to bottom, supporting the tunneling machine while tunneling, tunneling 1m and supporting 1m, and setting the minimum empty-head distance to be 2.5 m;
b. temporary supporting is realized by adopting a roof with an advance support of an anchor driving machine;
c. installing a roof bolt, comprising the following steps: 1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) mounting a W-shaped steel guard plate combined member, 2) drilling an anchor rod hole, 3) installing a resin anchoring agent and an anchor rod, 4) stirring the resin anchoring agent by using an anchor rod machine for a specified time, and 5) screwing a nut to 300Nm within 1min after stirring is stopped, wherein the Nm is not more than 380 Nm;
d. and (3) installing an anchor cable, comprising the following steps: 1) drilling and cleaning holes, 2) installing a resin anchoring agent and an anchor rope, 3) stirring the resin anchoring agent, 4) dismounting a stirrer and waiting for 5 minutes, 5) installing a supporting plate and an anchor, and tensioning the anchor rope to a designed pre-tightening force by using a tensioning jack;
e. the anchor rod is helped in the installation, when helping the anchor rod to strut, not in bank with the roof, and the anchor rod is helped on the top differs 300mm, and the step is: 1) hanging a net, 2) drilling and cleaning holes, 3) installing a steel guard plate, 4) installing a resin anchoring agent and an anchor rod, 5) stirring the resin anchoring agent, waiting for 1 minute, screwing a nut to 300Nm, and forbidding to exceed 380Nm, and 6) installing other anchor rods.
Further, the concrete operation steps of installing the roof bolt in the step c are as follows:
1) the anchor rod hole is completed by an MB670 digging and anchoring machine set matched with a top anchor rod drilling machine, and a drill bit with the diameter of 30mm and a drill rod with the length of 2.0m are adopted; when drilling, the bolting machine is lifted, so that the drill bit is inserted into the corresponding W steel protection plate hole, then the bolting machine is started to drill, the hole depth is required to be 1900 +/-30 mm, and the drilling angle is ensured; after the drill bit drills to a preset hole depth, the anchor rod machine is retracted, holes are cleared, and pulverized coal and slurry are removed;
2) putting resin anchoring agent, sleeving a support plate and a nut on the anchor rod body, connecting the rod tail with the head of the anchor rod machine through a stirrer, inserting the rod end into a drilled hole filled with the resin anchoring agent, lifting the anchor rod machine, and feeding the anchoring agent at the hole opening into the hole bottom;
3) stirring the resin anchoring agent by using an anchor rod machine, wherein the stirring time is strictly controlled according to the requirements of manufacturers; meanwhile, the stirring process is required to be continuously carried out, and the process is not interrupted;
4) within 1min after stopping stirring, screwing the nut by using the torque multiplier to enable the anchor rod to have certain pretightening force; the tightening torque must reach 300Nm, but not more than 380 Nm.
The row pitch error of the anchor rods does not exceed the design value +/-50 mm.
Further, the concrete operation steps of the anchor cable installation in the step d are,
1) the anchor cable is installed next to the driving face, an MYT140 single hydraulic jumbolter is adopted, a B19 hollow hexagonal long connecting drill rod and a phi 28mm double-wing drill bit are matched for drilling, and the hole depth is controlled within 6000 +/-30 mm;
2) installing a resin anchoring agent, putting two MSCK2335 anchoring agents and one MSZ2360 resin anchoring agent into the hole, and inserting an anchor rope to push the resin anchoring agent to the bottom of the hole;
3) the lower end of the anchor cable is connected with the anchor rod machine through a special stirrer, the stirring is started, the speed is slow firstly and then the speed is fast, after the anchor cable is completely inserted into the drilled hole, the full-speed rotation stirring is adopted for 10-15S, the stirring is stopped, the time is waited for 1 minute, the anchor rod machine is contracted, the stirrer is dismounted, and the exposed length of the anchor cable after the stirring is controlled to be 200-300 mm;
4) and tensioning the anchor cable, installing a supporting plate and an anchorage device after 5 minutes, tensioning the anchor cable by using a tensioning jack to the designed pre-tightening force, and unloading the jack after 200kN is reached.
The distance error of the anchor cables does not exceed the design value +/-50 mm.
And step e, following the tunneling and anchoring unit, installing an anchor rod 2m above the roadway side, wherein the hole depth is 1900 +/-20 mm, adjusting the drilling angle, ensuring that the maximum empty side distance does not exceed 3m, manually driving 2 anchor rods below the roadway side, and ensuring that the distance between the manually driven anchor rod and the head of the tunneling and anchoring unit is not more than 20 m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
after the supporting method is adopted, the cost of the supporting material is greatly reduced, the cost of the supporting material is reduced by 525.4 yuan/m, the reduction range reaches 15.9 percent, the tunneling efficiency and the tunneling speed can be improved, and the comprehensive economic benefit is very obvious. By adopting the method, the roadway progress is gradually increased, the daily footage is also gradually increased, the coal roadway tunneling speed is improved, the continuity of the mining process is ensured, and the safety of tunneling construction of the ultra-thick coal seam roadway is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 embodiment 1 is a schematic view of a coal cutting support process of an excavator.
Figure 2 is a cutting cycle diagram of the driving and anchoring machine in the embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the fairway coal industry of the university and coal mine group company, llc, is taken as an example:
as the thickness of the coal seam of the coal industry at the head of the berm is large, the maximum thickness of the combined No. 3-5 coal seam reaches 26.24m, and the following tunneling and supporting method is adopted according to the geology and the production conditions of the 2404 belt crossheading and the working characteristics of a tunneling and anchoring unit:
the construction process comprises two parts of tunneling and supporting. And complete equipment of an anchor driving machine group, a hydraulic anchor rod drilling machine and a pneumatic drill rod are selected to complete the operations of lapping, drilling and anchor rod installation. When the anchor rods are drilled, the operation is strictly carried out according to the operating specification of the drilling and bolting machine and the standardized operation flow, the circulating footage of each drilling is 1m, 6 top anchor rods, 8 side anchor rods and 2 anchor cables are drilled in each circulation, the top anchor rods are firstly constructed and then the anchor cables are constructed, the row spacing between the anchor rods and the anchor cables is 500mm, the top anchor rods are simultaneously constructed by the drilling machine with the top of the drilling machine set, and the anchor cables are drilled by the hydraulic drilling machine set (in order to save time, the hydraulic drilling machine set can be fixedly arranged on the drilling machine set); and 2 anchor rods at the upper parts of the two sides are constructed while the anchor cables are constructed, and 2 anchor rods at the lower parts of the two sides are subjected to lagging and repairing.
A roadway rapid tunneling and supporting method in an extra-thick coal seam based on tunneling and anchoring integration comprises the following steps:
a. tunneling, namely tunneling by using a tunneling and anchoring unit, constructing according to a design size, controlling the tunneling size of a tunnel to be within 200mm, forming the tunnel once when a tunneling machine tunnels, cutting the coal wall in front of the tunnel by a driver of the tunneling and anchoring machine under the guidance of a laser direction indicator until the cutting depth reaches 1m, cutting and forming the coal wall by feeding in the middle of the tunnel twice, supporting the tunneling and anchoring machine by tunneling at the same time and 1m by 1m, wherein the minimum empty-head distance is 2.5 m;
the middle part of the coal wall of the roadway is cut and formed by cutting twice from top to bottom. The empty roof distance is reduced to about 800mm, the empty roof area is reduced, and the roof leakage condition of the top plate is effectively prevented. Therefore, the safety and the rapid tunneling of the tunnel during the construction of the tunneling and anchoring machine are better ensured.
The minimum empty-roof distance of the construction process of the driving and anchoring machine is about 1.8m when the tunnel is tunneled. The distance between the controlled roofs is large, the coal seam of a coal mine at the head of the berm is broken, although temporary forepoling beams are used for supporting in the tunneling process of the tunneling and anchoring machine, the roof leakage phenomenon still occurs frequently, the rapid tunneling and construction safety are seriously affected, and the man-machine relationship is not matched. Generally speaking, the empty roof area does not allow staff to operate or stop, so when anchor bolt support is carried out, a roller is inserted into the middle of the coal wall to cut coal, the empty roof distance is favorably reduced, meanwhile, the empty roof area is reduced, and the roof leakage condition of the roof is effectively prevented. The coal cutting and supporting process of the digging and anchoring machine is shown in figures 1 and 2.
b. Temporary supporting is realized by adopting a roof with an advance support of an anchor driving machine;
c. installing a roof bolt, comprising the following steps: 1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) mounting a W-shaped steel guard plate combined member, 2) drilling an anchor rod hole, 3) installing a resin anchoring agent and an anchor rod, 4) stirring the resin anchoring agent by using an anchor rod machine for a specified time, and 5) screwing a nut to 300Nm within 1min after stirring is stopped, wherein the Nm is not more than 380 Nm;
d. and (3) installing an anchor cable, comprising the following steps: 1) drilling and cleaning holes, 2) installing a resin anchoring agent and an anchor rope, 3) stirring the resin anchoring agent, 4) dismounting a stirrer and waiting for 5 minutes, 5) installing a supporting plate and an anchor, and tensioning the anchor rope to a designed pre-tightening force by using a tensioning jack;
e. the anchor rod is helped in the installation, when helping the anchor rod to strut, not in bank with the roof, and the anchor rod is helped on the top differs 300mm, and the step is: 1) hanging a net, 2) drilling and cleaning holes, 3) installing a steel guard plate, 4) installing a resin anchoring agent and an anchor rod, 5) stirring the resin anchoring agent, waiting for 1 minute, screwing a nut to 300Nm, and forbidding to exceed 380Nm, and 6) installing other anchor rods.
Roof and group's stock space advantage of the support system in rows not:
in the process of retreating the machine set, the safety of personnel is seriously influenced, the rapid tunneling is influenced, and the optimal matching of man-machine relation cannot be obtained in the tunneling process, so that the influence on the supporting strength of a roadway under the condition that the machine set is not retreated, the side anchor rods and the top anchor rods are not aligned is analyzed.
Based on the design characteristics of the tunneling and anchoring machine and the man-machine relationship matching principle, the scheme that the side anchor rod is not lined with the top plate when the side anchor rod is supported is considered: in the normal production process of the underground driving and bolting machine, the fixed circulation footage is 1m, and similarly, the row spacing between the anchor rods is also arranged to be 1m, however, because the design structure of the anchor rod machine is formed, the distance between the top anchor rod machine and the side anchor rod machine is 1.3m, when the top anchor rod machine and the side anchor rod machine are supported, one row cannot be achieved at one time. In order to finally achieve a row of top and upper bolts, it is necessary to go through 2 consecutive cycles without upper support in actual practice, that is, the top bolt has led the upper bolt by 2m, in which case the unit is backed by 700mm and then upper bolt support is performed, so that the top and upper bolts are in the same row,
providing a support system with roof and side anchor rod spaces not in rows, wherein the difference between the roof and side anchor rods is 300mm, so that on one hand, unnecessary processes such as machine withdrawal and the like can be omitted, and the aim of rapid tunneling is fulfilled; on the other hand, the upper part can be supported in time based on the existing conditions, and the optimal matching of man-machine relationship is realized.
Further, the concrete operation steps of installing the roof bolt in the step c are as follows:
1) the anchor rod hole is completed by an MB670 digging and anchoring machine set matched with a top anchor rod drilling machine, and a drill bit with the diameter of 30mm and a drill rod with the length of 2.0m are adopted; when drilling, the bolting machine is lifted, so that the drill bit is inserted into the corresponding W steel protection plate hole, then the bolting machine is started to drill, the hole depth is required to be 1900 +/-30 mm, and the drilling angle is ensured; after the drill bit drills to a preset hole depth, the anchor rod machine is retracted, holes are cleared, and pulverized coal and slurry are removed;
2) putting resin anchoring agent, sleeving a support plate and a nut on the anchor rod body, connecting the rod tail with the head of the anchor rod machine through a stirrer, inserting the rod end into a drilled hole filled with the resin anchoring agent, lifting the anchor rod machine, and feeding the anchoring agent at the hole opening into the hole bottom;
3) stirring the resin anchoring agent by using an anchor rod machine, wherein the stirring time is strictly controlled according to the requirements of manufacturers; meanwhile, the stirring process is required to be continuously carried out, and the process is not interrupted;
4) within 1min after stopping stirring, screwing the nut by using the torque multiplier to enable the anchor rod to have certain pretightening force; the tightening torque must reach 300Nm, but not more than 380 Nm.
The row pitch error of the anchor rods does not exceed the design value +/-50 mm.
Further, the concrete operation steps of the anchor cable installation in the step d are,
1) the anchor cable is installed next to the driving face, an MYT140 single hydraulic jumbolter is adopted, a B19 hollow hexagonal long connecting drill rod and a phi 28mm double-wing drill bit are matched for drilling, and the hole depth is controlled within 6000 +/-30 mm;
2) installing a resin anchoring agent, putting two MSCK2335 anchoring agents and one MSZ2360 resin anchoring agent into the hole, and inserting an anchor rope to push the resin anchoring agent to the bottom of the hole;
3) the lower end of the anchor cable is connected with the anchor rod machine through a special stirrer, the stirring is started, the speed is slow firstly and then the speed is fast, after the anchor cable is completely inserted into the drilled hole, the full-speed rotation stirring is adopted for 10-15S, the stirring is stopped, the time is waited for 1 minute, the anchor rod machine is contracted, the stirrer is dismounted, and the exposed length of the anchor cable after the stirring is controlled to be 200-300 mm;
4) and tensioning the anchor cable, installing a supporting plate and an anchorage device after 5 minutes, tensioning the anchor cable by using a tensioning jack to the designed pre-tightening force, and unloading the jack after 200kN is reached.
The distance error of the anchor cables does not exceed the design value +/-50 mm.
And step e, following the tunneling and anchoring unit, installing an anchor rod 2m above the roadway side, wherein the hole depth is 1900 +/-20 mm, adjusting the drilling angle, ensuring that the maximum empty side distance does not exceed 3m, manually driving 2 anchor rods below the roadway side, and ensuring that the distance between the manually driven anchor rod and the head of the tunneling and anchoring unit is not more than 20 m.
Along with the increase of the length of the anchor rod, the range and the thickness of the compressive stress area are increased, and the action range of the anchor rod is enlarged. But the compressive stress in the upper part of the bolt length is reduced; the compressive stress of the surrounding rock in the middle between the two anchor rods is reduced. Under the condition of certain prestress, the longer the anchor rod is, the less obvious the action of the prestress is, and the poorer the active support performance is. The longer the bolt, the greater the pre-stress that should be applied. Conversely, by increasing the pre-stress, the bolt length can be reduced appropriately. Therefore, the reasonable length of the anchor rod is matched with the prestress and the strength of the anchor rod, an effective supporting system is formed, and a good supporting effect is achieved.
Furthermore, the anchor rod is a left-handed non-longitudinal-rib threaded steel bar, is made of 500#, has yield strength not lower than 500MPa, nominal diameter of the rod body of 20mm, elongation greater than 20%, impact absorption power not lower than 40J and tail thread specification of M22, and is formed by adopting a rolling processing technology.
Further, the resin anchoring agent type numbers are respectively: MSCK2360, diameter 23mm, length 600 mm; MSZ2360, diameter 23mm, length 600 mm; the anchor rod supporting plate is 150 multiplied by 10mm in specification, the anchor rod supporting plate is matched with a self-aligning ball pad and an antifriction gasket, and the bearing capacity is not lower than 204 kN.
Furthermore, when the anchor rod hanging net is installed in the step e, the steel bar net is woven by steel bars with the diameter of 6mm, and the mesh size is 100 multiplied by 100 mm; the diamond-shaped metal net is woven by 8# iron wires with the diameter, the mesh size is 50 multiplied by 50mm, 16# lead wires are used for connection, double wires are used for double buckles, and the holes are connected; and e, adopting a W steel guard plate with the specification of 280mm wide, 4mm thick and 450mm long as a coal wall surface protection member in the step e for installing the side anchor rod, wherein the specification of the middle circular hole is 40 mm.
When the W-shaped steel guard plate is not arranged, the effective compressive stress areas formed by the anchor rods are independent of each other no matter at the tail parts or the middle parts of the anchor rods. Especially near the roof surface, effective compressive stress district is circular distribution, and not interconnect, the compressive stress between the stock is very little, and prestressing force diffusion scope is little, and the stock can not effectively strut the country rock between the stock.
When the W steel guard plate is arranged, the effective compressive stress area formed by the anchor rod is obviously enlarged along the length direction of the steel strip. Near the top plate surface, the effective compressive stress areas are distributed in an oval shape and are mutually connected to form a continuous effective compressive stress zone, the prestress diffusion range is large, and the anchor rod can effectively support surrounding rocks between the anchor rods.
The W steel guard plate realizes effective diffusion of the prestress of the anchor rods, the supporting effect on surrounding rocks between the anchor rods is obviously improved, and the overall supporting effect of the supporting system is obviously improved.
Furthermore, the cable body material of the anchor cable in the step d is 1 multiplied by 7 strands of high-strength low-relaxation prestressed steel strands, the nominal diameter phi is 17.8mm, the length is 6.3m, the ultimate strength is 1860MPa, and the ultimate breaking force is 460 kN; the anchor rope accessory supporting plate is made of high-strength arched anchor rope trays 300 multiplied by 12mm, is made of Q235 steel, is not lower than 60mm in height, is matched with the spherical aligning pad, and has bearing capacity not lower than 416 kN.
The larger the diameter, the higher the strength and the longer the cable, the higher the prestress should be applied. The diameter and the length of the anchor cable are increased without considering the prestress of the anchor cable, so that an obvious effect cannot be achieved. The supporting effect of the short anchor cable with high prestress is better than that of the long anchor cable with low prestress.
Claims (8)
1. A tunnel rapid tunneling and supporting method in an ultra-thick coal seam based on tunneling and anchoring integration is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. tunneling, namely tunneling by using a tunneling and anchoring unit, constructing according to a design size, controlling the tunneling size of a tunnel to be over-excavated within 200mm, forming the tunnel once when a tunneling machine tunnels, feeding a cutter at the middle part of the coal wall of the tunnel, cutting and forming twice from top to bottom, supporting the tunneling machine while tunneling, tunneling 1m and supporting 1m, and setting the minimum empty-head distance to be 2.5 m;
b. temporary supporting is realized by adopting a roof with an advance support of an anchor driving machine;
c. installing a roof bolt, comprising the following steps: 1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) mounting a W-shaped steel guard plate combined member, 2) drilling an anchor rod hole, 3) installing a resin anchoring agent and an anchor rod, 4) stirring the resin anchoring agent by using an anchor rod machine for a specified time, and 5) screwing a nut to 300Nm within 1min after stirring is stopped, wherein the Nm is not more than 380 Nm;
d. and (3) installing an anchor cable, comprising the following steps: 1) drilling and cleaning holes, 2) installing a resin anchoring agent and an anchor rope, 3) stirring the resin anchoring agent, 4) dismounting a stirrer and waiting for 5 minutes, 5) installing a supporting plate and an anchor, and tensioning the anchor rope to a designed pre-tightening force by using a tensioning jack;
e. the anchor rod is helped in the installation, when helping the anchor rod to strut, not in bank with the roof, and the anchor rod is helped on the top differs 300mm, and the step is: 1) hanging a net, 2) drilling and cleaning holes, 3) installing a steel guard plate, 4) installing a resin anchoring agent and an anchor rod, 5) stirring the resin anchoring agent, waiting for 1 minute, screwing a nut to 300Nm, and forbidding to exceed 380Nm, and 6) installing other anchor rods.
2. The tunneling and anchoring integration based rapid tunneling and supporting method for the roadway in the extra-thick coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the specific operation steps of installing the top anchor rod in the step c are as follows:
1) the anchor rod hole is completed by an MB670 digging and anchoring machine set matched with a top anchor rod drilling machine, and a drill bit with the diameter of 30mm and a drill rod with the length of 2.0m are adopted; when drilling, the bolting machine is lifted, so that the drill bit is inserted into the corresponding W steel protection plate hole, then the bolting machine is started to drill, the hole depth is required to be 1900 +/-30 mm, and the drilling angle is ensured; after the drill bit drills to a preset hole depth, the anchor rod machine is retracted, holes are cleared, and pulverized coal and slurry are removed;
2) putting resin anchoring agent, sleeving a support plate and a nut on the anchor rod body, connecting the rod tail with the head of the anchor rod machine through a stirrer, inserting the rod end into a drilled hole filled with the resin anchoring agent, lifting the anchor rod machine, and feeding the anchoring agent at the hole opening into the hole bottom;
3) stirring the resin anchoring agent by using an anchor rod machine, wherein the stirring time is strictly controlled according to the requirements of manufacturers; meanwhile, the stirring process is required to be continuously carried out, and the process is not interrupted;
4) within 1min after stopping stirring, screwing the nut by using the torque multiplier to enable the anchor rod to have certain pretightening force; the tightening torque must reach 300Nm, but not more than 380 Nm;
the row pitch error of the anchor rods does not exceed the design value +/-50 mm.
3. The tunneling and supporting method for rapidly tunneling and supporting tunnels in ultra-thick coal seams based on tunneling and anchoring integration of claim 1, wherein the anchor cable installation in the step d comprises the specific operation steps of,
1) the anchor cable is installed next to the driving face, an MYT140 single hydraulic jumbolter is adopted, a B19 hollow hexagonal long connecting drill rod and a phi 28mm double-wing drill bit are matched for drilling, and the hole depth is controlled within 6000 +/-30 mm;
2) installing a resin anchoring agent, putting two MSCK2335 anchoring agents and one MSZ2360 resin anchoring agent into the hole, and inserting an anchor rope to push the resin anchoring agent to the bottom of the hole;
3) the lower end of the anchor cable is connected with the anchor rod machine through a special stirrer, the stirring is started, the speed is slow firstly and then the speed is fast, after the anchor cable is completely inserted into the drilled hole, the full-speed rotation stirring is adopted for 10-15S, the stirring is stopped, the time is waited for 1 minute, the anchor rod machine is contracted, the stirrer is dismounted, and the exposed length of the anchor cable after the stirring is controlled to be 200-300 mm;
4) tensioning the anchor cable, after 5 minutes, installing a supporting plate and an anchorage device, tensioning the anchor cable by using a tensioning jack to the designed pre-tightening force, and unloading the jack after 200kN is reached;
the distance error of the anchor cables does not exceed the design value +/-50 mm.
4. The method for rapidly tunneling and supporting the tunnel in the ultra-thick coal seam based on tunneling and anchoring integration as claimed in claim 1, wherein step e is implemented by installing an anchor rod 2m above the tunnel wall immediately after the tunneling and anchoring unit, the hole depth is 1900 +/-20 mm, the drilling angle is adjusted, the maximum spacious wall distance is not more than 3m, the manual digging of 2 anchor rods below the tunnel wall is carried out, and the distance between the manually-dug anchor rod and the head of the tunneling and anchoring unit is not more than 20 m.
5. The method for rapidly tunneling and supporting a tunnel in an ultra-thick coal seam based on tunneling-anchoring integration as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anchor rod is a left-handed non-longitudinal rib threaded steel bar, the material is 500#, the yield strength is not lower than 500MPa, the nominal diameter of the rod body is 20mm, the elongation is greater than 20%, the impact absorption power is not lower than 40J, the rod tail thread specification is M22, and the anchor rod is formed by adopting a rolling processing process.
6. The tunneling and supporting method for the roadway in the tunneling and anchoring integrated ultra-thick coal seam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the resin anchoring agent types are respectively as follows: MSCK2360, diameter 23mm, length 600 mm; MSZ2360, diameter 23mm, length 600 mm; the anchor rod supporting plate is 150 multiplied by 10mm in specification, the anchor rod supporting plate is matched with a self-aligning ball pad and an antifriction gasket, and the bearing capacity is not lower than 204 kN.
7. The method for rapidly tunneling and supporting a tunnel in an ultra-thick coal seam based on tunneling and anchoring integration as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the anchor rod hanging net is installed in the step e, the steel bar net is woven by steel bars with the diameter of 6mm, and the mesh size is 100 x 100 mm; the diamond-shaped metal net is woven by 8# iron wires with the diameter, the mesh size is 50 multiplied by 50mm, 16# lead wires are used for connection, double wires are used for double buckles, and the holes are connected; and e, adopting a W steel guard plate with the specification of 280mm wide, 4mm thick and 450mm long as a coal wall surface protection member in the anchor rod for installing the upper, wherein the specification of the middle circular hole is 40 mm.
8. The method for rapidly tunneling and supporting the roadway in the ultra-thick coal seam based on the tunneling-anchoring integration as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cable body material of the anchor cable in the step d is 1 x 7 strands of high-strength low-relaxation prestressed steel strands, the nominal diameter is phi 17.8mm, the length is 6.3m, the ultimate strength is 1860MPa, and the ultimate breaking force is 460 kN; the anchor rope accessory supporting plate is made of high-strength arched anchor rope trays 300 multiplied by 12mm, is made of Q235 steel, is not lower than 60mm in height, is matched with the spherical aligning pad, and has bearing capacity not lower than 416 kN.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911267889.9A CN111022058A (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | Tunneling and anchoring integration-based rapid tunneling and supporting method for tunnel in extra-thick coal seam |
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| CN201911267889.9A CN111022058A (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | Tunneling and anchoring integration-based rapid tunneling and supporting method for tunnel in extra-thick coal seam |
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| CN114086954A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-25 | 中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司 | Automatic control method and device of tunneling and anchoring all-in-one machine, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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