CN114658432A - Construction method of fully mechanized coal mining face retraction channel - Google Patents
Construction method of fully mechanized coal mining face retraction channel Download PDFInfo
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- CN114658432A CN114658432A CN202210292757.7A CN202210292757A CN114658432A CN 114658432 A CN114658432 A CN 114658432A CN 202210292757 A CN202210292757 A CN 202210292757A CN 114658432 A CN114658432 A CN 114658432A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 177
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000754 Wrought iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D19/00—Provisional protective covers for working space
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a fully mechanized coal mining face withdrawing channel, which comprises the following steps: when the fully mechanized coal mining face is recovered to the position of the withdrawal passage, the coal mining machine stops cutting coal; repeatedly executing the step of digging the withdrawing channel and the step of supporting the withdrawing channel for multiple times until the construction of the whole withdrawing channel is completed; and (3) a retracting channel tunneling step, which specifically comprises the following steps: from the direction from the return air crossheading to the direction of the transportation crossheading, carrying out slope expanding tunneling through a tunneling machine, tunneling one circulation progress at a time according to the designed width and height of a withdrawal channel, and establishing a coal discharging system for slag discharging; the step of retracting the channel support specifically comprises the following steps: and after the tunneling head-on is temporarily supported by the tunneling machine, a permanent supporting piece is applied by an anchor rod machine. The invention fully utilizes the prior transportation system of the fully mechanized mining working face, the fully mechanized mining hydraulic support side-protecting plate and the cooperative temporary support system of the excavator-mounted telescopic front canopy for the coal wall, prevents the coal wall from caving and hurting people, and improves the safety of the support operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mines, in particular to a construction method of a fully mechanized coal mining face withdrawal channel.
Background
The withdrawal of working face equipment is an important link of coal mining, and at present, various withdrawal channel construction methods mainly comprise the following three methods: (1) when the distance between the working face and the mining stopping line is the width of the retracting channel, the bracket is disconnected with the scraper conveyor, the single hydraulic prop is used for pushing the scraper conveyor and the coal mining machine to cut to form the retracting channel, and the equipment is transported in the retracting channel and withdrawn from the working face. (2) And at the position of the mining stopping line, a fully-mechanized excavation or blasting excavation construction process is utilized to excavate the withdrawal channel in advance, and when the working face is withdrawn to be communicated with the withdrawal channel, the withdrawal equipment is withdrawn. (3) The to-be-excavated withdrawal channel is segmented, excavated and supported in a segmented mode, multi-segment parallel rapid construction is achieved, and working efficiency and construction progress are improved.
The 3 construction methods are widely applied to partial mines, but have disadvantages and shortcomings.
(1) The method comprises the following steps: by the method of self-cutting and withdrawing the channel of the coal mining machine, under the condition of large mining height, during the self-cutting and withdrawing channel of the coal mining machine, a top plate and a coal wall side cannot be effectively supported, the safety of personnel entering the coal side is poor, and the construction is difficult because an anchor rod is adopted for supporting and a platform is not reliably supported. (2) The second method comprises the following steps: constructing a withdrawal channel in advance, wherein under the action of the advanced supporting pressure of a working face, a roadway is seriously deformed, the conditions of one step short of success and one step short of roadway failure often occur, the roadway is difficult to maintain, and the investment cost is high; (3) the method comprises the steps of excavating and supporting the withdrawal channel in sections, adopting blasting process construction, increasing the number of fully mechanized mining equipment on a working face, increasing the protective pressure of the equipment, easily causing equipment damage, increasing the number of working procedures and increasing the danger of multi-section cross blasting construction, and easily causing people injury to the coal wall due to burst vibration due to the fact that the coal wall is pressed to be crisp under the action of advanced pressure.
The existing channel construction methods have certain defects and shortcomings, and cannot effectively protect the construction safety of field operators and ensure the use requirement of withdrawing channels.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, a construction method of a fully mechanized mining face withdrawing channel is needed to be provided for solving the technical problems that the construction safety of field operators cannot be effectively protected and the use requirement of the withdrawing channel cannot be guaranteed by the existing withdrawing channel construction method.
The invention provides a construction method of a fully mechanized coal mining face withdrawing channel, which comprises the following steps:
stopping cutting coal by the coal mining machine when the fully mechanized coal mining face is mined to the position of the withdrawal passage;
repeatedly executing the step of digging the withdrawing channel and the step of supporting the withdrawing channel for multiple times until the construction of the whole withdrawing channel is completed;
the step of tunneling the withdrawal passage specifically comprises the following steps: from the direction from the return air crossheading to the direction of the transportation crossheading, carrying out slope expanding tunneling through a tunneling machine, tunneling one circulation progress at a time according to the designed width and height of a withdrawal channel, and establishing a coal discharging system for slag discharging;
the step of retracting the channel support specifically comprises: and after the tunneling head-on is temporarily supported by the tunneling machine, a permanent supporting piece is applied by an anchor rod machine.
Further, from return air crossheading to transportation crossheading direction, expand group tunnelling through the entry driving machine, according to withdrawal passageway design width and height, once tunnel a circulation progress to establish out the coal system and slag tap, specifically include:
expanding the side of the coal to cut the coal through a development machine, developing from the return air crossheading to the transportation crossheading direction according to the design width and height of a withdrawal channel, and developing for one cycle progress at a time;
and transferring the coal to the rear part of the tunneling machine by utilizing a conveyor of the tunneling machine, loading the coal by using a side-dumping rock loader, establishing a coal discharging system, and discharging the slag of the loaded coal through the coal discharging system.
Further, the building of the coal production system specifically comprises: a coal discharging system is established by a scraper conveyor, a reversed loader, a crusher and a transportation crossheading rubber belt conveyor of a fully mechanized mining face.
Further, after the heading face is temporarily supported by the heading machine, a permanent support is applied by the anchor rod machine, which specifically comprises:
adopting a side protection plate of a fully mechanized mining hydraulic support and an onboard telescopic front canopy of a heading machine to temporarily support a heading face of a coal wall;
and adopting an anchor rod machine to carry out permanent support on the top plate and the side part construction through anchor rods or anchor cables.
Further, before the coal mining machine stops cutting coal when the fully mechanized mining face is recovered to the position of the withdrawal passage, the method further comprises the following steps:
and when the fully mechanized mining face is mined to a preset distance threshold from a mining stopping line, laying a flexible net and hanging a steel wire rope.
Furthermore, the laying of the flexible net and the hanging of the steel wire rope specifically include:
the flexible net is pulled into the site and then expanded, and a steel wire rope is hung;
after a flexible net of a support front beam is hoisted by a support winch, a coal cutter cuts coal and feeds the coal;
and circularly executing the coal cutting, net laying and fixing operations until the net laying and rope hanging are finished.
Still further, the coal cutting, lapping and fixing operation specifically comprises the following steps:
after the coal mining machine cuts coal for a certain distance, the frames are moved at intervals;
and after the side protection plates are sequentially and circularly ejected out, constructing and fixing an anchor rod or an anchor cable on the flexible net.
Furthermore, the distance threshold is determined according to the size of the fully mechanized mining face recovery equipment, the recovery process, the width of a withdrawal channel and fire prevention and extinguishing.
Further, when the fully mechanized mining face is recovered to the position of the withdrawal passage, the coal mining machine stops cutting coal, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: and when the distance between the coal wall and the mining stopping line of the fully-mechanized mining face is the width of the withdrawal passage, stopping cutting coal by the coal mining machine.
Further, when the fully mechanized mining face is recovered to the position of the withdrawal passage, the coal mining machine stops cutting coal, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: when the fully mechanized coal mining face is recovered to the position of the withdrawal passage, the coal mining machine stops cutting coal, and controls the side protection plate of the fully mechanized coal mining hydraulic support to be tightly attached to the coal wall so as to temporarily protect the coal wall caving.
The invention combines the two methods of coal mining machine mining and heading machine tunneling, fully utilizes the prior transportation system of the fully mechanized mining face, the fully mechanized mining hydraulic support side guard plate and the cooperative temporary support system of the heading machine-mounted telescopic front canopy for the coal wall, prevents the coal wall from injuring people, improves the safety of support operation, and realizes the safe, efficient and full-process mechanized construction of the withdrawal passage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a work flow chart of the construction method of the fully mechanized coal mining face withdrawal passage of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a construction method of a fully mechanized coal mining face retracting channel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the construction of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a construction method of a fully mechanized coal mining face retracting channel according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an example of working face retraction tunneling according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a top anchor (cable) support plan view of an example of the invention in a retracted channel.
Description of the marks
1-return air crossheading; 2-transporting the crossheading; 3, a coal mining machine; 4-a heading machine; 5-side dumping rock loader; 6-scraper conveyor; 7-a reversed loader; 8-a crusher; 9-a belt conveyor; 10-a hydraulic support; 11-a flexible mesh; 12-a permanent support; 121-anchor rod; 122-anchor lines; 13-a steel wire rope; 14-a top plate; 15-upper part; 16-steel strip.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. In which like parts are designated by like reference numerals. It should be noted that as used in the following description, the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "upper" and "lower" refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
Fig. 1 shows a work flow chart of a construction method of a fully mechanized mining face retraction channel of the present invention, which includes:
step S101, stopping coal cutting of a coal mining machine when a fully mechanized mining face is mined to a position of a withdrawal passage;
step S102, repeatedly executing the step of digging the withdrawing channel and the step of supporting the withdrawing channel for multiple times until the construction of the whole withdrawing channel is completed;
the step of tunneling the withdrawal passage specifically comprises the following steps: from the direction from the return air crossheading 1 to the transportation crossheading 2, expanding and tunneling through a tunneling machine 4, tunneling one circulation progress at a time according to the designed width and height of a withdrawal channel, and establishing a coal discharging system for slag discharging;
the step of retracting the channel support specifically comprises: after the heading face is temporarily supported by the heading machine, the permanent support 12 is applied by the bolting machine.
Specifically, for the construction diagram shown in fig. 3, when the fully mechanized mining face is recovered to the position of the withdrawal passage, the coal mining machine stops cutting coal in step S101. And step S102 is executed, the tunneling machine is used for expanding the upper part for tunneling, one circulation progress is tunneled at a time according to the designed width and height of the withdrawal passage, a tunneling machine-mounted telescopic forestope is used for temporarily supporting the tunneling front face, and an anchor machine is used for permanently supporting a roof and an upper part construction anchor rod (cable). And the process is circulated until the whole construction of the withdrawing channel is completed. The tunneling machine is preferably a comprehensive tunneling machine, which is called a comprehensive tunneling machine for short.
The invention combines the two methods of coal mining machine mining and heading machine tunneling, fully utilizes the prior transportation system of the fully mechanized mining face, the fully mechanized mining hydraulic support side guard plate and the cooperative temporary support system of the heading machine-mounted telescopic front canopy for the coal wall, prevents the coal wall from injuring people, improves the safety of support operation, and realizes the safe, efficient and full-process mechanized construction of the withdrawal passage.
Fig. 2 shows a construction method of a fully mechanized mining face retraction channel in an embodiment of the present invention, including:
step S201, when the fully mechanized mining face is mined to a preset distance threshold value away from a mining stop line, a flexible net 11 is laid and a steel wire rope is hung.
In one embodiment, the laying of the flexible net 11 and the hanging of the steel wire rope 13 specifically include:
the flexible net 11 is pulled into the site and then expanded, and a steel wire rope 13 is hung;
after a flexible net 11 of a front beam of the support is hoisted by a support winch, a coal cutter feeds coal;
and circularly executing coal cutting, net laying and fixing operations until net laying and rope hanging are finished.
In one embodiment, the coal cutting, lapping and fixing operation specifically includes:
after the coal mining machine cuts coal for a certain distance, the frames are moved at intervals;
and after the side protection plates are sequentially and circularly ejected out, constructing and fixing an anchor rod or an anchor cable on the flexible net 11.
In one embodiment, the distance threshold value is determined according to the size of the fully mechanized mining face recovery equipment, the recovery process, the width of a retraction channel and fire prevention and extinguishing.
And S202, stopping coal cutting by the coal mining machine when the distance between the coal wall and the stoping line of the fully mechanized mining face is the width of the withdrawal passage.
In one embodiment, when the fully mechanized mining face is recovered to the position of the withdrawal passage, the coal mining machine stops cutting coal, and specifically includes: when the fully mechanized coal mining face is mined to the position of the retraction passage, the coal mining machine stops cutting coal, and controls the side protection plate of the fully mechanized coal mining hydraulic support 10 to be tightly attached to the coal wall so as to temporarily protect the coal wall caving.
Step S203, repeatedly executing the step of digging the withdrawing channel and the step of supporting the withdrawing channel for multiple times until the construction of the whole withdrawing channel is completed;
the step of tunneling the withdrawal passage specifically comprises the following steps: from the direction from the return air crossheading 1 to the transportation crossheading 2, expanding and tunneling through a tunneling machine 4, tunneling one circulation progress at a time according to the designed width and height of a withdrawal channel, and establishing a coal discharging system for slag discharging;
the step of retracting the channel support specifically comprises: and after the tunneling head-on is temporarily supported by the tunneling machine, a permanent supporting piece is applied by an anchor rod machine.
In one embodiment, the direction from the return air gate way 1 to the transportation gate way 2 is tunneled by expanding the upper through a tunneling machine 4, one circulation progress is tunneled at a time according to the designed width and height of a withdrawal channel, and a coal discharging system is established for deslagging, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
expanding the cut coal through a development machine 4, developing from the return air crossheading 1 to the transportation crossheading 2 according to the designed width and height of a withdrawal channel, and developing for one cycle progress at a time;
and transferring the coal to the rear part of the heading machine 4 by using a conveyor of the heading machine 4, loading the coal by using a side-dumping rock loader 5, establishing a coal discharging system, and discharging the slag of the loaded coal through the coal discharging system.
In one embodiment, the establishing of the coal discharging system specifically includes: a coal discharging system is established by a scraper conveyor 6, a reversed loader 7, a crusher 8 and a transportation crossheading belt conveyor 9 of the fully mechanized mining face.
In one embodiment, after the heading face is temporarily supported by the heading machine, the permanent support 12 is applied by the bolting machine, which specifically includes:
adopting a side protection plate of the fully-mechanized mining hydraulic support 10 and an onboard telescopic forepoling beam of the heading machine 4 to temporarily support a heading face of a coal wall;
and applying a permanent support part to the construction of the top plate and the side part by adopting an anchor rod machine.
Specifically, step S201 is executed to perform end mining, lapping, and rope hanging. The flexible net 11 and the steel wire rope are paved after the working face is recovered to a certain distance from a mining stopping line, the distance is specifically designed according to the requirements of the size of the fully mechanized mining face recovery equipment, the recovery process, the width of a withdrawal channel, fire prevention and extinguishment and the like, and the hydraulic support 10 is used as roof protection equipment. The specific process comprises the following steps: (1) the flexible net is manually pulled into the site and then unfolded, and the steel wire rope is hung; (2) after a flexible net of a support front beam is hoisted by a support winch, a coal cutter cuts coal and feeds the coal; (3) after the coal cutter cuts coal for a certain distance, the frames are moved at intervals, the side protection plates are sequentially and circularly ejected out, and flexible nets are constructed to fix anchor rods (cables). And the process is circulated until the lapping and the rope hanging are finished.
When the fully mechanized mining face is mined until the distance between the coal wall and the designed mining stopping line is the preset withdrawal channel width, the step S202 is executed, the coal mining machine stops cutting coal, and the hydraulic support 10 side protection plate is tightly attached to the coal wall to temporarily protect the coal wall from caving.
Step S203, repeatedly executing the retracting channel tunneling step and the retracting channel supporting step for multiple times until the construction of the whole retracting channel is completed, wherein
The step of digging the withdrawal passage comprises the following steps: the development machine 4 is started to expand and cut coal, development is carried out from the air return crossheading 1 to the transportation crossheading 2 according to the designed width and height of a retraction channel, one circulation progress is developed at a time, coal is transferred to the rear part of the development machine by a second conveyor of the development machine, a side-dumping rock loader 5 is used for loading coal, and a coal outlet system is formed by matching with three machines (a scraper conveyor 6, a transfer conveyor 7 and a crusher 8) of the original fully mechanized mining face and a transportation crossheading rubber belt conveyor 9.
The step of retracting the channel support comprises: the method comprises the steps of adopting a cooperative temporary support system of a fully mechanized mining hydraulic support side protection plate and a development machine onboard telescopic front canopy for coal walls to temporarily support development head-on, and utilizing an anchor machine to construct a permanent support 12 for a top plate and a side part. The permanent support 12 includes an anchor rod 121 and an anchor cable 122. The construction permanent supporting member 12 is specifically supported by a construction anchor rod (cable).
According to the embodiment, the development machine is adopted to construct the withdrawal channel, the fully-mechanized hydraulic support side protection plate and the development machine onboard telescopic front canopy are utilized to cooperate with a temporary support system for the coal wall according to the construction flow of cutting, deslagging and supporting, the coal wall is prevented from injuring people by the coal wall piece, the safety of support operation is improved, meanwhile, the development machine provides an effective support platform for the anchor rod machine, the complete mechanical construction of the withdrawal channel of the working face is realized, and the working efficiency is improved. The withdrawal channel is constructed after the end mining of the working face is finished, the long-term effect of the working face advanced supporting pressure on the withdrawal channel is completely avoided, the deformation of the roadway is small, and the maintenance cost is low. And finally, a withdrawal channel is constructed by adopting the tunneling machine, so that equipment damage caused by blasting construction is avoided, and meanwhile, the withdrawal channel is constructed from the return air crossheading to the transportation crossheading direction, so that multi-section cross operation is avoided, the flow and the working procedure are simple, and the operation is easy.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a construction method of a fully mechanized mining face retracting channel according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, including:
step S401, preparing for final mining;
step S402, laying net and hanging rope at the end;
step S403, stopping mining by the coal mining machine;
step S404, heading;
step S405, permanent support;
and step S406, finishing the channel construction.
Specifically, step S402 performs end mining, lapping, and rope hanging. As shown in fig. 5, the flexible net 11 and the steel wire rope 13 are laid at a certain distance from the stoping line of the working face, the distance is specifically designed according to the requirements of the size of the fully mechanized mining working face recovery equipment, the recovery process, the width of a withdrawal channel, fire prevention and extinguishing, and the like, and the hydraulic support 10 is used as roof protection equipment. The specific process comprises the following steps: (1) the flexible net is stretched after being manually pulled into the site, and the steel wire rope is hung; (2) after a flexible net of a support front beam is hoisted by a support winch, a coal cutter cuts coal and feeds the coal; (3) after the coal cutter cuts coal for a certain distance, the frames are moved at intervals, the side protection plates are sequentially and circularly ejected out, and flexible nets are constructed to fix anchor rods or anchor cables. And the process is circulated until the lapping and the rope hanging are finished.
And S403, stopping coal cutting by the coal mining machine when the distance between the coal wall and the designed stoping line is the preset withdrawal channel width after the fully mechanized mining face is stoped, and utilizing the hydraulic support 10 to ensure that the side protection plate is tightly attached to the coal wall to temporarily protect the coal wall from caving.
Step S404 performs retreat path tunneling. The development machine 4 is started to expand and cut coal, development is carried out from the air return crossheading 1 to the transportation crossheading 2 according to the designed width and height of a retraction channel, one circulation progress is developed at a time, coal is transferred to the rear part of the development machine by a second conveyor of the development machine, a side-dumping rock loader 5 is used for loading coal, and a coal outlet system is formed by matching with three machines (a scraper conveyor 6, a transfer conveyor 7 and a crusher 8) of the original fully mechanized mining face and a transportation crossheading rubber belt conveyor 9. The loaded coal is tapped via a scraper conveyor 6, a reversed loader 7, a crusher 8 and a belt conveyor 9.
Step S405 executes the retracting tunnel bracing. The method comprises the steps of adopting a cooperative temporary support system of a fully mechanized mining hydraulic support side protection plate and a development machine onboard telescopic front canopy for coal walls to temporarily support development head-on, and utilizing an anchor machine to construct a permanent support 12 for a top plate and a side part. The permanent support 12 includes an anchor rod 121 and an anchor cable 122. The construction permanent support 12 is specifically supported by a construction anchor rod (cable). Preferably, after the withdrawal channel support is performed, secondary tapping can also be performed.
And repeating the step S404 and the step S405, and circulating the steps until the construction of the whole withdrawal passage is completed.
The construction method of the embodiment includes that the working face is cut by a coal mining machine and is recovered to the position of the withdrawing channel, the withdrawing channel is excavated from the return air crossheading to the direction of the transport crossheading, a heading machine is used for continuously excavating the withdrawing channel, a side dumping rock loader is used for loading slag, and a slag discharging system is formed by matching with a three-machine fully mechanized mining face and a transport crossheading rubber belt conveyor. The construction method is characterized in that a withdrawal channel is constructed by adopting the heading machine, a fully-mechanized hydraulic support side-protecting plate and a heading machine onboard telescopic front canopy are utilized to jointly form temporary support for a coal wall according to the construction flow of cutting, deslagging and supporting, so that the coal wall is prevented from being injured by coal wall pieces, the safety of supporting operation is improved, meanwhile, the heading machine provides an effective supporting platform for the roof bolter, the complete mechanical construction of the withdrawal channel of a working face is realized, and the working efficiency is improved.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the working surface retraction tunneling according to an embodiment of the present invention. Wherein the working face retraction channel has a rectangular section, the width of the expanded side is 3800mm, and the tunneling height is 3400 mm; the net width is 3750mm, the net height is 3100mm, and the net cross-sectional area is 11.63 square meters. The laid flexible net 11 is a flexible resin fiber net, a wire rope 13 is hung on the flexible resin fiber net, and an anchor rod 121 and an anchor cable 122 are applied to the top plate 14 and the upper 15 through an anchor rod machine to serve as permanent supporting pieces. Wherein the steel wire rope 13 is phi 24.5 mm. The top plate 14 is provided with bolts of deformed steel bar with a pitch of 900X 1000mm and a diameter of 22X 2500mm, and the upper part 15 is provided with bolts of deformed steel bar with a diameter of 20X 2500 mm. A steel strand of 21.8 x 7300mm diameter was applied to the top plate 14 as an anchor cable 122. The anchor cable joist is made of 16b channel steel and is arranged transversely with a length of 2500 mm. When the net is hung, the top plate 14 is a double-layer net, and the inner layer plastic net and the outer layer steel bar net are arranged. The upper part 15 is a plastic steel net, a third row of anchor rods are hung, and no net is hung below the third row of anchor rods.
Fig. 6 shows an example of the working surface retracting tunnel support of an embodiment, in which:
and (4) top support: (1) the anchor rods 121 are phi 22 multiplied by 2500mm left-handed thread steel anchor rods, the diameter of anchor rod drill holes is phi 30mm, 2 sections of MSK2370 type anchoring agents are used in each hole, the anchoring force of the anchor rods is not less than 127KN, the spacing between the anchor rods is 900 multiplied by 1000mm, and 5 anchor rods are arranged in each row; the anchor rod nut is matched with a spherical washer; the pre-tightening force distance of the anchor rod is not less than 210 N.m; the specification of the anchor rod iron supporting plate is 150 multiplied by 10mm, and the anchor rod iron supporting plate is made of Q235-A common carbon steel; the nut is GB/T41-2000; the steel belt 16 is made of a round steel with the diameter of 16mm, the length is 3800mm, the width is 80mm, and the row spacing is 1000 mm; the top of the roadway is hung with a double-layer net, the inner layer is hung with a plastic steel net, the outer layer is hung with a reinforcing steel bar net, the reinforcing steel bar net is made of reinforcing steel bars with the diameter of 6.5mm, the mesh distance is 100 multiplied by 100mm, the specification is 3800 multiplied by 1000mm, the mesh distance of the plastic steel net is 100 multiplied by 100mm, and the specification is 3800 multiplied by 1000 mm. The reinforcing mesh and the plastic steel mesh are firmly fixed by using 14# lead wires. And (4) butting the net sheets, folding the longitudinal ribs back by using a special spanner during networking, and compacting the longitudinal ribs and the adjacent net sheets, wherein the distance between the net buckles is 100 mm. The working face is reserved with a 500mm flexible net, the flexible net is laid on the top net before the top metal net is constructed, and the flexible net and the metal net are connected in a buckling mode according to metal net grids by using 14# lead wires at a position 200mm away from the net edge of the flexible net.
(2) The specification of the anchor cable 122 is a steel strand with the diameter of 21.8 multiplied by 7300mm, the diameter of a drilled hole of the anchor cable is 30mm, each hole uses 3 sections of MSK2370 type anchoring agent, the pretightening force of the anchor cable is not less than 200KN, the space between the anchor cables and the row distance are 2000 multiplied by 2000mm, each row of 2 anchor cables, an anchor cable joist is made of 16b channel steel, the length of the anchor cable joist is 2500mm, the space between the anchor cable holes is 2000mm, the anchor cable joist is vertically arranged with the central line of a roadway, an iron pallet with the size of 120 multiplied by 120 mm is matched with the anchor cable, and a fastening end is locked by a lockset.
Supporting the upper part: the anchor rod is a phi 20 multiplied by 2500mm left-handed thread steel anchor rod, and the diameter of the anchor rod drill hole is phi 30 mm; 1 section of MSK2370 type anchoring agent is used in each hole, the anchoring force of the anchor rods is not less than 105KN, each row of 3 anchor rods is provided, and the row distance between the first row of anchor rods and the second row of anchor rods is 1000 multiplied by 1000 mm; the row distance between the third row of anchor rods is 1000 multiplied by 2000 mm; the anchor rod nut is matched with a spherical washer, the anchor rod is supported by an iron supporting plate with the specification of 150 multiplied by 10mm, the iron supporting plate is made of Q235-A common carbon steel, and the nut is GB/T41-2000; the upper part is hung with a plastic net with meshes of 50mm by 50 mm; the upper nets are connected with each other through holes, and the top net and the upper nets are connected with each other by 100mm lap joints according to grid holes of the top net. The mesh connection adopts 14# iron wire connection. And (5) paving reinforcing meshes at the head, tail and serious rib spalling positions of the working face.
The construction process needs to pay attention to the following aspects:
(1) when the inclination angle of the working face is more than 16 degrees, anti-skidding measures need to be taken for the heading machine and the side-dumping rock loader, specifically, a dispatching winch is installed at the upper opening of the working face, and the upper opening winch is connected with a steel wire rope to apply upward tensile force to the heading machine and the side-dumping rock loader on the gradient of the working face, so that accidents caused by the downward sliding of equipment are prevented.
(2) When the development machine is adopted to construct the retraction channel, the scraper conveyor and the hydraulic support do not need to be disconnected, the existing transportation system of the fully mechanized mining face is utilized to form a transportation system, and the scraper conveyor does not need to be laid.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method for a fully mechanized coal mining face withdrawal channel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
when the fully mechanized coal mining face is recovered to the position of the withdrawal passage, the coal mining machine stops cutting coal;
repeatedly executing the step of digging the withdrawing channel and the step of supporting the withdrawing channel for multiple times until the construction of the whole withdrawing channel is completed;
the step of tunneling the withdrawal passage specifically comprises the following steps: from the direction from the air return crossheading (1) to the transportation crossheading (2), expanding and tunneling through a tunneling machine (4), tunneling one circulation progress at a time according to the designed width and height of a withdrawal channel, and establishing a coal discharging system for slag discharging;
the step of retracting the channel support specifically comprises: and after the tunneling head-on is temporarily supported by the tunneling machine, a permanent supporting piece (12) is applied by an anchor machine.
2. The construction method of the fully mechanized mining face withdrawal channel according to claim 1, wherein the self-return air crossheading (1) is tunneled in the direction of the transport crossheading (2) through a tunneling machine (4) for side expansion, one circulation progress is tunneled at a time according to the designed width and height of the withdrawal channel, and a coal discharging system is established for slag discharging, and specifically comprises the following steps:
expanding and cutting coal through a heading machine (4), heading in the direction from the return air crossheading (1) to the transportation crossheading (2) according to the designed width and height of a withdrawal channel, and heading for one circulation progress at a time;
and (3) transferring the coal to the rear of the tunneling machine (4) by utilizing a conveyor of the tunneling machine (4), loading the coal by using a side-dumping rock loader (5), establishing a coal discharging system, and discharging the slag of the loaded coal through the coal discharging system.
3. The construction method of the fully mechanized mining face retraction channel according to claim 2, wherein the establishing of the coal discharging system specifically comprises: a coal discharging system is established by a scraper conveyor (6), a reversed loader (7), a crusher (8) and a transportation crossheading rubber belt conveyor (9) of the fully mechanized mining face.
4. The construction method of the fully mechanized mining face retraction channel according to claim 1, wherein after the tunneling head-on is temporarily supported by the tunneling machine, a permanent support member (12) is applied by a bolting machine, specifically comprising:
adopting a side protection plate of a fully mechanized mining hydraulic support (10) and an onboard telescopic forepoling beam of a heading machine (4) to temporarily support a heading face of a coal wall;
and applying a permanent support part to the construction of the top plate and the side part by adopting an anchor rod machine.
5. The method for constructing the fully mechanized coal mining face retreat path according to claim 1, wherein before the shearer stops cutting coal when the fully mechanized coal mining face retreats to the retreat path position, the method further comprises:
when the fully mechanized mining face is mined to a preset distance threshold from a mining stopping line, a flexible net (11) is laid and a steel wire rope (13) is hung.
6. The construction method of the fully mechanized mining face withdrawing channel according to claim 5, wherein the laying of the flexible net (11) and the hanging of the steel wire rope (13) specifically comprise:
the flexible net (11) is pulled into the site and then unfolded, and a steel wire rope (13) is hung;
after a flexible net (11) of a front beam of the support is hoisted by a support winch, a coal cutter feeds coal;
and circularly executing coal cutting, net laying and fixing operations until net laying and rope hanging are finished.
7. The construction method of the fully mechanized mining face withdrawing channel according to claim 6, wherein the coal cutting and net laying fixing operation specifically comprises:
after the coal mining machine cuts coal for a certain distance, the frames are moved at intervals;
and after the side protection plates are sequentially and circularly ejected out, constructing and fixing anchor rods or anchor cables on the flexible net (11).
8. The construction method of the fully mechanized mining face retraction channel according to claim 5, wherein the distance threshold is determined according to the fully mechanized mining face recovery equipment size, the recovery process, the retraction channel width, and fire prevention and extinguishing.
9. The construction method of the fully mechanized mining face retraction channel according to claim 1, wherein the coal mining machine stops cutting coal when the fully mechanized mining face is retracted to the retraction channel position, specifically comprising: and when the fully mechanized coal mining face is mined until the distance between the coal wall and the mining stopping line is the width of the withdrawal passage, the coal mining machine stops cutting coal.
10. The construction method of the fully mechanized mining face retraction channel according to claim 1, wherein the coal mining machine stops cutting coal when the fully mechanized mining face is retracted to the retraction channel position, specifically comprising: when the fully mechanized coal mining face is recovered to the position of the withdrawal passage, the coal mining machine stops cutting coal, and controls the side protection plate of the fully mechanized coal mining hydraulic support (10) to be tightly attached to the coal wall so as to temporarily protect the coal wall caving.
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