CN111017816A

CN111017816A - Lifting fork, forklift and cargo transfer system

Info

Publication number: CN111017816A
Application number: CN202010036041.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 康剑杰
Original assignee: Guangdong Bozhilin Robot Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Bozhilin Robot Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-01-14
Filing date: 2020-01-14
Publication date: 2020-04-17

Abstract

The invention relates to a lifting fork, a forklift and a cargo transferring system, which comprise a fork device assembled and connected with a forklift body, wherein the fork device comprises: one end of the fork arm is in driving connection with the forklift body; the lifting mechanism is provided with an extension state and a contraction state, and when the lifting mechanism is in the contraction state, the lifting mechanism is hidden and accommodated below the fork arm; when the lifting mechanism is converted from the contraction state to the extension state, the fork arm used for lifting and moving forms auxiliary support. The lifting mechanism can form auxiliary support for the fork arms and the goods above the fork arms, so that the forklift is prevented from toppling due to unstable gravity center, and reliable and safe operation of the forklift is guaranteed. And the elevating system of this scheme can effectively replace traditional counter weight and fixed stay base, guarantees fork overall structure simple, and it is nimble convenient to use, does benefit to and reduces design manufacturing cost.

Description

Lifting fork, forklift and cargo transfer system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cargo handling equipment, in particular to a lifting type fork, a forklift and a cargo transferring system.

Background

At present, the fork of the overwhelming majority of fork truck on the market is L type structure usually, lift power acts on the fork front end, and the fork rear end is unsettled state, such structural arrangement is when inserting and getting the heavy object, not only can increase power component's load, and the fork truck focus leans forward towards the goods orientation easily and the problem of overturning appears, in order to solve this problem, just need increase counter weight or fixed stay base for fork truck, like this will increase fork truck structure complexity, increase occupation space and fork truck weight.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on this, it is necessary to provide a lift fork, fork truck and goods transfer system, aim at solving among the prior art centre of gravity shakiness easy rollover, and the structure is complicated, and occupation space and weight are big problem.

The technical scheme is as follows:

in one aspect, the application provides an over-and-under type fork, including being used for the fork device with fork truck body built-up connection, the fork device includes:

one end of the fork arm is used for being connected with the forklift body; and

the lifting mechanism is provided with an extension state and a contraction state, and when the lifting mechanism is in the contraction state, the lifting mechanism is hidden and stored below the fork arm; when the lifting mechanism is converted from the contraction state to the extension state, the fork arm used for lifting and moving forms auxiliary support.

The lifting type pallet fork and the forklift body assembled and connected in the scheme can form the forklift with the completed structure, and is applied to construction occasions for carrying goods placed on pallets. Specifically, in the initial state, since the lifting mechanism is in the contracted state, the lifting mechanism can be hidden and stored on the bottom surface (below) of the fork arm, so that the appearance is attractive, the whole thickness of the fork device can be reduced as much as possible, and the fork device can be more easily inserted into the bottom of the pallet to carry normally. And when needs are carried the goods, the power device output lifting power of fork truck body, drive the yoke and begin to rise, and elevating system begins to change by the contraction state after receiving the instruction this moment and gets into the extension state, realizes promptly that elevating system follows the both ends of the synchronous jacking yoke of fork truck body. Therefore, the lifting mechanism can form auxiliary support for the fork arm and goods above the fork arm, keep the pallet and/or stably ascend, prevent the forklift from toppling due to unstable gravity center, and ensure reliable and safe operation of the forklift. And the elevating system of this scheme can effectively replace traditional counter weight and fixed stay base, guarantees fork overall structure simple, and weight reduction, occupation space reduces, and it is nimble convenient to use, does benefit to and reduces the design manufacturing cost.

The technical solution of the present application is further described below:

in one embodiment, the bottom surface of the fork arm is concavely provided with a containing groove, and the lifting mechanism in the contraction state is arranged in the containing groove.

In one embodiment, the lifting mechanism comprises a driving member and a lifting assembly in driving connection with the driving member, the driving member is arranged at one end of the fork arm assembled with the forklift body, and the lifting assembly is arranged at one end of the fork arm far away from the forklift body.

In one embodiment, the driving member is a hydraulic cylinder, the lifting assembly is a scissor assembly, the scissor assembly includes a first scissor arm and a second scissor arm hinged to each other, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the upper end of the first scissor arm through a connector, and the upper end of the second scissor arm is hinged to the fork arm.

In one embodiment, the fork arm is provided with a guide waist hole, and the upper end of the first scissor arm is slidably arranged in the guide waist hole.

In one embodiment, the lifting mechanism further comprises a rolling body assembled at the upper end of the first scissor arm and arranged in the guide waist hole in a rolling manner.

In one embodiment, the lower end of the first scissor arm and/or the lower end of the second scissor arm is provided with a roller.

In one embodiment, the end of the fork arm far away from the forklift body is further provided with an insertion guide plate, and the insertion guide plate is provided with a guide-in surface which is obliquely arranged downwards towards the lifting mechanism.

In one embodiment, the end part of the fork arm close to the forklift body is also provided with a limit baffle.

In one embodiment, two symmetrically arranged supporting wheels are respectively installed on two side walls of the accommodating groove, and the wheel rims of the supporting wheels extend out of the bottom surface of the fork arm.

In one embodiment, the lifting type fork further comprises a connecting shaft, the number of the fork devices is at least two, and at least two fork devices are arranged side by side at intervals and are connected with the connecting shaft.

In one embodiment, the connecting shaft is provided with a telescopic joint, and the telescopic joint is used for enabling any two adjacent fork devices to be close to or far away from each other.

On the other hand, this application still provides a fork truck, its include the fork truck body with as above the over-and-under type fork, the fork truck body with the over-and-under type fork is connected and is used for the drive the over-and-under type fork lift removal.

In addition, this application still provides a cargo transferring system, and it includes fork truck as above.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view (a contracted state) of an elevating fork according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic bottom view of the structure of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view (in an extended state) of the lifting fork according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a bottom view of fig. 3.

Description of reference numerals:

10. a lifting fork; 20. a fork arrangement; 21. a yoke; 211. a containing groove; 212. a guide waist hole; 22. a lifting mechanism; 221. a drive member; 221a, a piston rod; 222. a lifting assembly; 222a, a first scissor arm; 222b, a second scissor arm; 30. a rolling body; 40. a roller; 50. inserting a guide plate; 51. a lead-in surface; 60. a limit baffle; 70. a support wheel; 80. a connecting shaft; 90. a connecting head.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the scope of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to," "disposed on" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present; the specific manner of fixedly connecting one element to another element can be implemented by the prior art, and will not be described herein, and preferably, a screw-threaded connection is used.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

The terms "first" and "second" used herein do not denote any particular order or quantity, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another.

The application provides a cargo transfer system, this cargo transfer system comprises functional equipment such as fork truck, pallet, and its application scene can be for example in the factory warehouse, transfers the great goods of weight of placing on the pallet of just uninstalling, makes the goods pile up and regular putting. As will be appreciated, pallets are temporary carriers for holding goods, which are typically nailed from a plurality of wooden boards, the bottom of which is formed with a void.

The forklift mainly comprises a forklift body and a lifting type pallet fork 10, wherein the forklift body is an execution main body and is used for bearing and driving the lifting type pallet fork 10 to work, namely the forklift body is connected with the lifting type pallet fork 10 and is used for driving the lifting type pallet fork 10 to move in a lifting mode. When the goods are transferred, the forklift body moves forwards, so that the lifting type pallet fork 10 is inserted into the pallet, and then the forklift body lifts the lifting type pallet fork 10 to move upwards to the ground, so that the goods can be transported to a destination. Specifically, the fork truck body includes the car main part, sets up the lift drive mechanism on the car main part and the installation mechanism of being connected with lift drive mechanism, and the lift fork can be dismantled with installation mechanism and be connected. The car main part is used for providing the removal power, makes over-and-under type fork can drive the goods and removes. The lifting driving mechanism provides lifting power to drive the lifting fork to move up and down. The mounting mechanism is used for realizing that the lifting type pallet fork and the forklift body are assembled and fixed and are convenient to assemble and disassemble. Alternatively, the lift drive mechanism may be, but is not limited to, a sprocket drive mechanism; the mounting mechanism may be, but is not limited to, a flange bolting mechanism.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, a lift fork 10 is shown for one embodiment of the present application and includes a fork assembly 20 for assembly with a forklift body. Wherein, the over-and-under type fork 10 of this scheme adopts the modularized design, and a fork device 20 is a standardized fork module promptly, and it can be inserted and get and transport less pallet and the goods realization of lighter weight. When the area of the pallet to be transported is large, two or more than two fork devices 20 can be used in combination, that is, in another embodiment, the lifting fork 10 further includes a connecting shaft 80, the number of the fork devices 20 is at least two, and at least two fork devices 20 are arranged side by side at intervals and are connected with the connecting shaft 80. So can realize quick modularization equipment with two at least fork devices 20 through connecting axle 80, but from this greatly increased and pallet's area of contact guarantees to insert and gets the goods reliable and stable. Specifically, each fork device 20's structural component is the same, and each yoke 21 transversely runs through the tip that is close to the fork truck body and has the jack, and connecting axle 80 inserts in each jack, can be as an organic whole with each fork device 20 assembled joint, and simple structure installs and removes the convenience, does benefit to and improves goods transport efficiency.

It should be noted that the number of the fork devices 20 to be assembled is determined by the actual needs of those skilled in the art, and is not limited herein.

In particular, the connecting shaft 80 is provided with a telescopic joint for moving any two adjacent fork devices 20 closer to or farther away. So conveniently adjust the interval between the different fork devices 20, guarantee that the center of pallet and goods is in the center of over-and-under type fork 10, can effectively prevent that the goods focus is crooked and take place to drop in the transportation.

Alternatively, the telescopic joint can adopt a length-adjustable mechanism similar to a telescopic rod in the prior art.

With continued reference to fig. 1-4, the fork mechanism 20 includes: a yoke 21 and a lifting mechanism 22. One end of the fork arm 21 is used for being connected with the forklift body; the lifting mechanism 22 has an extended state and a retracted state, and when the lifting mechanism 22 is in the retracted state, the lifting mechanism 22 is hidden and stored below the fork arm 21; the lifting mechanism 22 is used for forming auxiliary support for the fork arm 21 in lifting movement during the process of switching from the contraction state to the expansion state.

To sum up, the implementation of the technical scheme of the application has the following beneficial effects: the assembly connection of the lifting type fork 10 and the fork body can form a structurally completed fork, and the fork is applied to construction occasions for carrying goods placed on pallets. Specifically, in the initial state, since the lifting mechanism 22 is in the retracted state, it can be hidden and stored in the bottom surface of the fork arm 21, which not only is the appearance beautiful, but also the overall thickness of the fork device 20 can be as small as possible, and it is easier to insert the fork device into the space in the bottom of the pallet for normal carrying work. When the goods need to be transported, the power device of the forklift body outputs lifting power to drive the fork arm 21 to start to ascend, and the lifting mechanism 22 receives an instruction and then synchronously starts to be converted from a contraction state into an extension state, so that the lifting mechanism 22 synchronously lifts the two ends of the fork arm 21 along with the forklift body, and therefore the lifting mechanism 22 can form auxiliary support for the fork arm 21 and the goods above the fork arm 21, the forklift is prevented from toppling due to unstable gravity, and the reliable and safe operation of the forklift is guaranteed. Moreover, the lifting mechanism 22 of the scheme can effectively replace the traditional balance weight and fixed support base, so that the whole structure of the fork is simple, the use is flexible and convenient, and the design and manufacturing cost is favorably reduced.

Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment, in order to reduce the overall thickness of the fork device 20 in the retracted state to the maximum extent and increase the size difference between the fork device 20 and the internal space as much as possible, so that the fork device 20 can be easily inserted into the internal space of the pallet, the bottom surface of the fork arm 21 is recessed with a receiving groove 211, and the lifting mechanism 22 in the retracted state is disposed in the receiving groove 211. Therefore, the thickness of the fork arm 21 can be reduced, namely the thickness of the fork arm 21 is superposed with that of the lifting mechanism 22, the total thickness of the fork device 20 is reduced, and the technical effects are achieved. It will be appreciated that in this embodiment, the yoke 21 is a stainless steel plate of U-shaped configuration with an opening facing downward for engagement with the lifting mechanism 22. The top surface of the yoke 21 is a bearing surface for performing the insertion and removal work, and is used for bearing the pallet and the goods.

Further, the two side walls of the accommodating groove 211 are respectively provided with the supporting wheels 70 which are symmetrically arranged, and the rims of the supporting wheels 70 extend out of the bottom surface of the fork arm 21. After the lifting mechanism 22 is hidden and retracted in the accommodating groove 211, the lifting mechanism 22 is not in contact with the ground under the supporting action of the supporting wheels 70, and therefore the friction and abrasion of the ground when the fork device 20 moves along with the body of the forklift can be avoided.

With reference to fig. 4, in an embodiment, the lifting mechanism 22 includes a driving member 221 and a lifting assembly 222 in driving connection with the driving member 221, the driving member 221 is disposed at an end of the fork arm 21 where the fork arm 21 is assembled with the forklift body, and the lifting assembly 222 is disposed at an end of the fork arm 21 away from the forklift body. In operation, the driving member 221 outputs power to drive the lifting assembly 222 to contract or extend, thereby completing the work of placing pallets or transferring goods. And because the lifting component 222 is arranged at one end of the fork arm 21 far away from the forklift body, an excellent auxiliary supporting effect can be realized on the suspended end of the fork arm 21, the stable lifting of the pallet is ensured, the goods are not prone to being inclined and falling, meanwhile, part of the load capacity of the goods can be borne, the load of a driving device on the forklift body is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

With continued reference to fig. 3 and 4, preferably, in an embodiment, the driving member 221 is a hydraulic cylinder, the lifting assembly 222 is a scissors assembly, the scissors assembly includes a first scissors arm 222a and a second scissors arm 222b hinged to each other, a piston rod 221a of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to an upper end of the first scissors arm 222a through a connector 90, and an upper end of the second scissors arm 222b is hinged to the fork arm 21. That is, when the scissors assembly is in the contraction state, the first scissors arm 222a and the second scissors arm 222b are folded and attached to each other, and are hidden and accommodated in the accommodating groove 211 of the fork arm 21, the piston rod 221a of the hydraulic cylinder is in the recovery state, and at this time, the scissors assembly has the minimum longitudinal height and the maximum transverse width, which is beneficial to reducing the thickness of the fork device 20. When the goods need to be inserted and transported, the hydraulic cylinder drives the piston rod 221a to extend, the piston rod 221a pushes the first scissor arm 222a to approach the second scissor arm 222b, the first scissor arm 222a and the second scissor arm 222b rotate to approach each other in the process, the longitudinal height of the scissor assembly is gradually increased, the transverse width of the scissor assembly is gradually reduced, and the fork arm 21 pushes the pallet and the goods to stably rise.

It should be noted that, as can be seen from the perspective of fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the first scissor arm 222a and the second scissor arm 222b both include two sections of scissor rods hinged to each other; and when the scissors are in the stretching state, the two sections of the scissors fork rods are in a V-shaped structure. For ease of understanding, two sections of scissors shaft are defined as a first scissors shaft and a second scissors shaft. Two first scissors poles rotate through a pin joint and connect, and two second scissors poles rotate through another pin joint and connect. Wherein, the first scissors fork rod is a section of scissors fork rod directly connected with the fork arm 21, and the second scissors fork rod is a section of scissors fork rod directly abutting against the ground.

It can be understood that in the present embodiment, the first scissor arm 222a and the second scissor arm 222b constitute a two-stage scissor mechanism, and the two scissor arms are assembled into a whole through two hinge points. Of course, to achieve a higher lifting height, a multi-stage scissor design may also be used, and is within the scope of the present application.

With reference to fig. 1 to 4, further, the yoke 21 is provided with two waist-guiding holes 212, the two waist-guiding holes 212 are respectively located on two side walls of the yoke 21, and the upper end of the first scissor arm 222a is slidably disposed in the waist-guiding hole 212. Thus, the guide waist hole 212 can guide and limit the sliding of the first scissor arm 222a, so that the rigidity of the scissor assembly is increased, and the supporting capacity for the heavy-load goods above is ensured.

Further, the lifting mechanism 22 further includes a rolling body 30, and the rolling body 30 is assembled to the upper end of the first scissor arm 222a and is arranged in the guide waist hole 212 in a rolling manner. Optionally, rolling element 30 is the bearing of flanged, and it can satisfy under the prerequisite to the spacing guide effect of first scissors arm 222a, can also change sliding friction into rolling friction, alleviates the frictional resistance of first scissors arm 222a and yoke 21, and the reduction wearing and tearing guarantee that the flexible removal of scissors subassembly is more smooth and easy, alleviate the drive load of pneumatic cylinder, reduce the energy consumption. The flange of the bearing can laterally limit the first scissor arm 222a and prevent the first scissor arm from falling out of the waist guide hole 212.

In addition, after the pallet and the goods are lifted to the preset height, the forklift body can take the fork device 20 to travel to the destination together with the goods, and the lower end of the scissor assembly is always in contact with the ground at the moment, so that excessive friction and abrasion are easily generated. To solve this problem, in a further embodiment, the lower end of the first scissor arm 222a and/or the lower end of the second scissor arm 222b is provided with a roller 40. The roller 40 rolls on the ground, so that the scissor assembly can be driven to move smoothly on the ground, and the problems are well overcome.

With continued reference to fig. 1 and 3, in the present embodiment, the end of the yoke 21 away from the forklift body is further provided with an insertion guide plate 50, and the insertion guide plate 50 is provided with a guide surface 51 which is inclined downward toward the lifting mechanism 22. The guiding action of the inclined pouring surface 51 ensures that the fork arms 21 can be easily inserted into the interior of the pallet bottom. It is understood that the pouring surface 51 may be, but is not limited to, a bevel, a curve, a wave, etc.

Further, the end part of the fork arm 21 close to the forklift body is also provided with a limit baffle 60. When the fork arm 21 is inserted into the hollow space and gradually moves forward, the limiting baffle 60 limits, supports and positions the pallet, and ensures the assembling precision of the pallet and the fork arm 21.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An over-and-under type fork, includes the fork device that is used for with fork truck body equipment connection, its characterized in that, the fork device includes:

one end of the fork arm is used for being connected with the forklift body; and

2. The lift fork of claim 1, wherein the bottom surfaces of the arms are recessed with a receiving cavity, and the lift mechanism in the retracted state is disposed in the receiving cavity.

3. The lift fork of claim 1, wherein the lift mechanism includes a drive member disposed at an end of the yoke that is assembled with the fork truck body, and a lift assembly drivingly connected to the drive member, the lift assembly being disposed at an end of the yoke that is distal from the fork truck body.

4. The lift pallet fork of claim 3, wherein the drive member is a hydraulic cylinder, the lift assembly is a scissor assembly, the scissor assembly includes a first scissor arm and a second scissor arm that are hinged to each other, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to an upper end of the first scissor arm through a connector, and an upper end of the second scissor arm is hinged to the fork arm.

5. The lift fork of claim 4, wherein the fork arms define a guide waist opening, and wherein the upper end of the first scissor arm is slidably disposed within the guide waist opening.

6. The lift fork of claim 5, wherein the lift mechanism further comprises a rolling element assembled to the upper end of the first scissor arm and rollingly disposed within the guide waist hole.

7. The lift fork of claim 4, wherein the lower end of the first scissor arm and/or the lower end of the second scissor arm are provided with rollers.

8. The lift fork of claim 1, wherein the end of the fork arm remote from the body of the fork truck is further provided with an insertion guide provided with a lead-in surface disposed obliquely downward toward the lift mechanism.

9. The lift fork of claim 8, wherein the fork arms are further provided with a limit stop near the end of the fork body.

10. The elevating fork as set forth in claim 2, wherein symmetrically disposed support wheels are mounted on both side walls of the receiving groove, respectively, and rims of the support wheels protrude from bottom surfaces of the fork arms.

11. The lift fork of any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising a connecting shaft, wherein the fork assemblies are at least two, and wherein at least two of the fork assemblies are spaced apart side-by-side and are each connected to the connecting shaft.

12. The lift fork of claim 11, wherein the connecting shaft is provided with a telescopic joint for moving any two adjacent fork devices closer to or farther away from.

13. A forklift comprising a forklift body and a lift fork as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, the forklift body being connected to the lift fork and being adapted to drive the lift fork in lifting movement.

14. The forklift of claim 13, wherein the forklift body comprises a forklift body, a lifting driving mechanism arranged on the forklift body and used for driving the lifting fork to move up and down, and a mounting mechanism connected with the lifting driving mechanism, and the lifting fork is detachably connected with the mounting mechanism.

15. A cargo transferring system comprising a forklift as claimed in claim 13 or 14.