CN111016355A - 一种低温升汽车内饰材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种低温升汽车内饰材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111016355A
CN111016355A CN201911081465.3A CN201911081465A CN111016355A CN 111016355 A CN111016355 A CN 111016355A CN 201911081465 A CN201911081465 A CN 201911081465A CN 111016355 A CN111016355 A CN 111016355A
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Prior art keywords
temperature
parts
automobile interior
interior material
pigment
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Inventor
黎华强
张克胜
曾艳艳
徐芳
宗官宝
洪晓明
周子潇
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Anhui Tian'an New Materials Co ltd
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Anhui Tian'an New Materials Co ltd
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Priority to CN201911081465.3A priority Critical patent/CN111016355A/zh
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种低温升汽车内饰材料，包括反射基材层和反射面层，所述反射基材层掺有无机白色颜料，所述反射面层掺有空心陶瓷微球和红外反射粒子，所述红外反射粒子由有机颜料包覆无机彩色颜料晶核形成。该低温升汽车内饰材料可以具有丰富的色泽，更加节能环保。

Description

一种低温升汽车内饰材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车内饰材料技术领域，具体涉及一种低温升汽车内饰材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
现有的汽车内饰材料通常由树脂、颜料等材料复合而成，在太阳光的照射下，吸附太阳光中高能波长如红外光波等，从而导致材料温度升高，进而导致车内气温升高。车内气温升高后，容易导致有害气体挥发，造成车内空气质量下降，同时，使用空调降温过程将消耗大量的能量。
现在的降低温升的方法主要是通过在饰面材料中添加反光粒子，如钛白粉粒子或空心玻璃微球等。而这些方法主要是应用在外墙和建筑上，主要以浅色为主，就是在表面涂白，以反射太阳光。应用于汽车内饰材料中时，因反光粒子使得饰面的颜色泛白，而造成内饰材料的美观度下降，其也难以满足丰富的色彩需求。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明的目的之一在于提供一种低温升汽车内饰材料，其为反射基材层和反射面层双层结构，反射基材层内掺有反光粒子，其反射面层内掺有反光粒子和有机颜料包裹无机彩色颜料晶核形成的红外反射颜料，从而在丰富的色彩的基础上，降低温升。
本发明的目的之二在于提供该低温升汽车内饰材料的制备方法。
本发明的目的之一采用如下技术方案实现：
一种低温升汽车内饰材料，包括反射基材层和反射面层，所述反射基材层掺有无机白色颜料，所述反射面层掺有空心陶瓷微球和红外反射粒子，所述红外反射粒子由有机颜料包覆无机彩色颜料晶核形成。
该低温升汽车内饰材料的反射基材层主要提供反射作用，以减少吸热，反射面层中的空心玻璃微珠提供传热阻断，反射面层中的红外反射料子的无机彩色颜料晶核提供对红外线的反射，有机颜料作为包覆层，提供丰富的颜色以及与提高树脂基材的相容性，得到具有较丰富色泽及较低温升的低温升汽车内饰材料。
进一步地，所述红外反射粒子由有机颜料分散于增塑剂中后包覆在无机彩色颜料外而成。增塑剂与有机颜料具有较佳的相容性，可有效地分散有机颜料，同时还与基础树脂之间的具有较佳的相容性。
进一步地，增塑剂的用量为无机彩色颜料的4-10倍重量。增塑剂分散有机颜料形成包覆材料后，形成红外反射颜料色浆，再加至基础树脂中进行成型加工。
进一步地，所述红外反射粒子中，无机彩色颜料的粒径为0.3-0.5μm。无机彩色颜料的粒径优选为红外光波长的一半。
进一步地，所述红外反射粒子中，无机彩色颜料与有机颜料的摩尔比为1：1-5。
进一步地，所述无机白色颜料为二氧化硅改性无机白色颜料。二氧化硅改性的无机白色颜料中，二氧化硅与空气的折射率相当，可以使光线更好地反射太阳光线，减少积热。
进一步地，所述反射基材层的材质为PVC、TPU、PU、PP、TPO或ABS；所述反射面层的材质为PVC、TPU、PU、PP、TPO或ABS。
进一步地，所述反射基材层的材质为发泡材质。发泡材质的反射基材层提供较佳的触摸质感。
本发明的目的之二采用如下技术方案实现：
一种上述的低温升汽车内饰材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)将反射基材层材料在密炼机中混合4-6min，再在开炼机中以120-180℃炼制，经压延机120-190℃压延成膜片，与基布复合；
2)将反射面层材料在密炼机中混合4-6min，再在开炼机中以120-180℃炼制，经压延机120-190℃压延成膜片，与步骤1)得到的材料热贴合。
进一步地，在步骤2)后还包括步骤3)，将步骤2)得到的材料在发泡炉于150-240℃进行发泡压花成型。
相比现有技术，本发明的有益效果在于：
本发明提供一种低温升汽车内饰材料，该材料采用以无机白色颜料为主的反射基材层和填充了空心玻璃微珠的反射面层，反射基材有效提高对太阳光线的反射性能，反射面层能有效提高对热量的阻隔效率，使得温度仅在表面，散热相对较快；
本发明的反射面层的颜料为有机颜料包裹无机晶核得到的红外反射粒子，内层的无机晶核作为红外光线的反射介质，外层的有机颜料作为增色层，与反射面层基础树脂的相容性佳、分散性好，得到的面层的质地、色泽较丰富且柔和、均匀。
具体实施方式
下面，结合具体实施方式，对本发明做进一步描述，需要说明的是，在不相冲突的前提下，以下描述的各实施例之间或各技术特征之间可以任意组合形成新的实施例。
以下是本发明具体的实施例，在下述实施例中所采用的原材料、设备等除特殊限定外均可以通过购买方式获得。
一种红外反射粒子，由粒径范围为0.35-0.40μm的无机彩色颜料经有机颜料包覆而成，如氧化铁红、氧化铁黄、立德粉、镍钛黄等无机颜料，有机颜料为偶氮颜料、酞菁颜料、三芳甲烷颜料、多环颜料等。其制备方法中分散介质为增塑剂介质，如对苯二甲酸二辛酯或环氧大豆油或其它类型的增塑剂，相对于使用水介质或其它有机溶剂作分散介质，采用增塑剂作分散介质，与后期的树脂基材相容性好、分散性佳，且无废水产生。
该红外反射粒子的制备方法包括以下步骤：
1)以无机彩色颜料与有机颜料按1：1-5的摩尔比例称重；
2)将有机颜料加至增塑剂中，混合均匀，增塑剂的用量为无机彩色颜料的重量的4-10倍；
3)将步骤2)得到的料液加至无机彩色颜料中，搅拌，超声辅助分散均匀；
4)离心过滤，得到红外反射粒子；或直接将其作为色浆使用。
以PVC作为基础树脂为例，反射基材层由按重量份计的以下组分制成：100份PVC、50-120份增塑剂、1-20份二氧化硅改性钛白粉、1-8份发泡剂、2-5份硬脂酸锌或硬脂酸钙、0.5-10份助剂。反射面层由按重量份计的以下组分制成：100份PVC、40-80份增塑剂、0.5-10份彩色空心陶瓷微球、0.1-10份红外反射颜料、2-5份硬脂酸锌或硬脂酸钙。其中助剂可以是润滑剂、丙烯酸酯和阻燃剂。
以TPO作为基础树脂为例，反射基材层由按重量份计的以下组分制成：30-70份TPO、5-30份PP、10-60份PE、1-3份抗氧剂、1-20份二氧化硅改性金红石型钛白粉以及0.5-10份的助剂；反射面层由按重量份计的以下组分制成：30-70份TPO、5-30份PP、10-60份PE、1-3份抗氧剂、0.5-10份空心陶瓷微球、1-10份红外反射颜料以及0.5-10份的助剂。
实施例1：
一种红外反射粒子，由粒径范围为0.35-0.40μm的氧化铁红经颜料黄74包覆而得，其制备方法包括以下步骤：
1)以氧化铁红与颜料黄74按1：3的摩尔比称重；
2)将颜料黄74加至对苯二甲酸二辛酯中，混合均匀，对苯二甲酸二辛酯的用量为氧化铁红的重量的7倍；
3)将步骤2)得到的料液加至氧化铁红中，搅拌，超声辅助分散均匀；
4)离心过滤，得到红外反射粒子之颜料
实施例2：
一种红外反射粒子，由粒径范围为0.35-0.40μm的群青经酞菁蓝BGS包覆而得，其制备方法包括以下步骤：
1)以群青与酞菁蓝BGS按1：2.5的摩尔比称重；
2)将酞菁蓝BGS加至对白矿油，混合均匀，白矿油的用量为群青的重量的7倍；
3)将步骤2)得到的料液加至群青中，搅拌，超声辅助分散均匀；
4)离心过滤，得到红外反射粒子之颜料。
实施例3：
一种低温升汽车内饰材料，包括反射基材层和反射面层，所述反射基材层由按重量份计的以下组分制成：100份PVC、80份对苯二甲酸二辛酯、10份二氧化硅改性钛白粉、5份发泡剂、4份硬脂酸锌、2份润滑剂、3份丙烯酸酯和1份阻燃剂。
反射面层由按重量份计的以下组分制成：100份PVC、60份对苯二甲酸二辛酯、5份彩色空心陶瓷微球、5份实施例1得到的红外反射粒子之颜料、4份硬脂酸锌、2份润滑剂、3份丙烯酸酯和1份阻燃剂。
该低温升汽车内饰材料的制备方法包括以下步骤：
1)将反射基材层材料在密炼机中混合5min，再在开炼机中以160℃炼制，经压延机160℃压延成膜片，与基布复合；
2)将反射面层材料在密炼机中混合5min，再在开炼机中以160℃炼制，经压延机160℃压延成膜片，与步骤1)得到的材料热贴合；
3)将步骤2)得到的材料在发泡炉于180-240℃进行发泡压花成型。
实施例4：
一种低温升汽车内饰材料，包括反射基材层和反射面层，所述反射基材层由按重量份计的以下组分制成：100份PVC、80份环氧大豆油、10份二氧化硅改性钛白粉、5份发泡剂、4份硬脂酸锌、2份润滑剂、3份丙烯酸酯和1份阻燃剂。
反射面层由按重量份计的以下组分制成：100份PVC、60份环氧大豆油、5份彩色空心陶瓷微球、5份实施例2得到的红外反射粒子之颜料、4份硬脂酸锌、2份润滑剂、3份丙烯酸酯和1份阻燃剂。
该低温升汽车内饰材料的制备方法包括以下步骤：
1)将反射基材层材料在密炼机中混合4min，再在开炼机中以170℃炼制，经压延机170℃压延成膜片，与基布复合；
2)将反射面层材料在密炼机中混合4min，再在开炼机中以170℃炼制，经压延机170℃压延成膜片，与步骤1)得到的材料热贴合；
3)将步骤2)得到的材料在发泡炉于170℃进行发泡压花成型。
实施例5：
一种低温升汽车内饰材料，包括反射基材层和反射面层，所述反射基材层由按重量份计的以下组分制成：50份TPO、20份PP、30份PE、2份抗氧剂、10份二氧化硅改性钛白粉、2份润滑剂、3份丙烯酸酯和1份阻燃剂。
反射面层由按重量份计的以下组分制成：55份TPO、20份PP、30份PE、5份彩色空心陶瓷微球、5份实施例2得到的红外反射粒子之颜料、4份硬脂酸锌、2份润滑剂、3份丙烯酸酯和1份阻燃剂。
该低温升汽车内饰材料的制备方法包括以下步骤：
1)将反射基材层材料在密炼机中混合6min，再在开炼机中以140℃炼制，经压延机140℃压延成膜片，与基布复合；
2)将反射面层材料在密炼机中混合6min，再在开炼机中以140℃炼制，经压延机140℃压延成膜片，与步骤1)得到的材料热贴合。
对比例1：
一种汽车内饰材料，包括基材层和面层，所述基材层由按重量份计的以下组分制成：100份PVC、80份对苯二甲酸二辛酯、10份二氧化硅改性钛白粉、5份发泡剂、4份硬脂酸锌、2份润滑剂、3份丙烯酸酯和1份阻燃剂。
面层由按重量份计的以下组分制成：100份PVC、60份对苯二甲酸二辛酯、5份颜料黄74、4份硬脂酸锌、2份润滑剂、3份丙烯酸酯和1份阻燃剂。
该低温升汽车内饰材料的制备方法包括以下步骤：
1)将基材层材料在密炼机中混合5min，再在开炼机中以160℃炼制，经压延机160℃压延成膜片，与基布复合；
2)将面层材料在密炼机中混合5min，再在开炼机中以160℃炼制，经压延机160℃压延成膜片，与步骤1)得到的材料热贴合；
3)将步骤2)得到的材料在发泡炉于180℃进行发泡压花成型。
对比例2：
一种汽车内饰材料，包括基材层和面层，所述基材层由按重量份计的以下组分制成：100份PVC、80份对苯二甲酸二辛酯、10份钛白粉、5份发泡剂、4份硬脂酸锌、2份润滑剂、3份丙烯酸酯和1份阻燃剂。
面层由按重量份计的以下组分制成：100份PVC、60份对苯二甲酸二辛酯、5份颜料黄74、4份硬脂酸锌、2份润滑剂、3份丙烯酸酯和1份阻燃剂。
该低温升汽车内饰材料的制备方法包括以下步骤：
1)将基材层材料在密炼机中混合5min，再在开炼机中以160℃炼制，经压延机160℃压延成膜片，与基布复合；
2)将面层材料在密炼机中混合5min，再在开炼机中以160℃炼制，经压延机160℃压延成膜片，与步骤1)得到的材料热贴合；
3)将步骤2)得到的材料在发泡炉于180℃进行发泡压花成型。
性能检测
1、温升测试
将实施例3-5得到的低温升汽车内饰材料、对比例1-2作为试验品，与市面上普通的白色PU质地汽车内饰材料作为对照品，通过红外灯在离50cm处照射30min，记录温升，结果如下表所示：
表1温升
实施例3 实施例4 实施例5
温升/℃ 40.5 41.2 39.6
对比例1 对比例2 对照品
温升/℃ 60.5 59.3 58
由上表所知，本申请得到的低温升汽车内饰材料，其相对于市面上的普通汽车内饰材料，温升降低30-50％，有效节能环保。
2、外观测试
手测质感并使用色差仪测试色差结果，对实施例3-5以及对比例1-2得到的汽车内饰材料进行色泽及触感评价，结果如下表所示。
表2色泽与触感
实施例3 实施例4 实施例5
色泽 △E<1 △E<1 △E<1
触感 具真皮感 具真皮感 具真皮感
对比例1 对比例2 对照品
色泽 △E<1 △E<1 △E<1
触感 具真皮感 具真皮感 具真皮感
由上表可知，由本申请得到的低温升汽车内饰材料，克服了传统的汽车内饰材料颜色单一泛白的问题，得到的反射面层材料的色泽较柔和、美观，使颜色更加丰富多彩；同时该汽车内饰材料的质感更加细腻。
上述实施方式仅为本发明的优选实施方式，不能以此来限定本发明保护的范围，本领域的技术人员在本发明的基础上所做的任何非实质性的变化及替换均属于本发明所要求保护的范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种低温升汽车内饰材料，其特征在于，包括反射基材层和反射面层，所述反射基材层掺有无机白色颜料，所述反射面层掺有空心陶瓷微球和红外反射粒子，所述红外反射粒子由有机颜料包覆无机彩色颜料晶核形成。
2.如权利要求1所述的低温升汽车内饰材料，其特征在于，所述红外反射粒子由有机颜料分散于增塑剂中后包覆在无机彩色颜料外而成。
3.如权利要求2所述的低温升汽车内饰材料，其特征在于，增塑剂的用量为无机彩色颜料的4-10倍重量。
4.如权利要求1所述的低温升汽车内饰材料，其特征在于，所述红外反射粒子中，无机彩色颜料的粒径为0.3-0.5μm。
5.如权利要求1所述的低温升汽车内饰材料，其特征在于，所述红外反射粒子中，无机彩色颜料与有机颜料的摩尔比为1：1-5。
6.如权利要求1所述的低温升汽车内饰材料，其特征在于，所述无机白色颜料为二氧化硅改性无机白色颜料。
7.如权利要求1所述的低温升汽车内饰材料，其特征在于，所述反射基材层的材质为PVC、TPU、PU、PP、TPO或ABS；所述反射面层的材质为PVC、TPU、PU、PP、TPO或ABS。
8.如权利要求1所述的低温升汽车内饰材料，其特征在于，所述反射基材层的材质为发泡材质。
9.一种如权利要求1-8任一项所述的低温升汽车内饰材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)将反射基材层材料在密炼机中混合4-6min，再在开炼机中以120-180℃炼制，经压延机120-190℃压延成膜片，与基布复合；
2)将反射面层材料在密炼机中混合4-6min，再在开炼机中以120-180℃炼制，经压延机120-190℃压延成膜片，与步骤1)得到的材料热贴合。
10.如权利要求9所述的制备方法，其特征在于，在步骤2)后还包括步骤3)，将步骤2)得到的材料在发泡炉于150-240℃进行发泡压花成型。
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