CN111014958A - Thick steel plate double-sided laser-MAG composite large-truncated-edge backing welding method - Google Patents
Thick steel plate double-sided laser-MAG composite large-truncated-edge backing welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111014958A CN111014958A CN201911322868.2A CN201911322868A CN111014958A CN 111014958 A CN111014958 A CN 111014958A CN 201911322868 A CN201911322868 A CN 201911322868A CN 111014958 A CN111014958 A CN 111014958A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
- B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for backing welding a steel thick plate double-sided laser-MAG composite large truncated edge. Machining a first workpiece to be welded and a second workpiece to be welded into a double-U-shaped or double-V-shaped welding groove with a truncated edge; assembling a first workpiece to be welded and a second workpiece to be welded; removing oxide skin, oil stain, rust, moisture and other dirt on the groove and the periphery of the groove before welding; the method adopts a phi 1.0-phi 1.6mm welding wire to carry out backing welding on two sides of a welding groove by utilizing a front laser-MAG composite welding gun and a rear laser-MAG composite welding gun, and solves the problem that the air hole defect is easy to generate during one-time penetration forming of the large-truncated-edge laser-MAG composite backing welding of the high-strength steel thick plate by adopting the double-sided laser-MAG composite backing welding, thereby improving the welding quality and efficiency of the high-strength steel of the thick steel plate. The method is suitable for being used as a method for backing welding the thick steel plate with the double-sided laser-MAG composite large truncated edge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to a method for backing and welding a steel thick plate by using a double-sided laser-MAG composite large truncated edge.
Background
At present, the common welding method for welding the high-strength steel thick plate in the nuclear power and ocean engineering fields is SMAW or MAG welding, one side of a welding seam is welded, and then the other side of the welding seam is welded by carbon arc gouging back gouging, and the method has the defects of large groove angle, large metal filling amount, low welding efficiency, large welding deformation and poor welding quality.
Laser-arc hybrid welding has received wide attention for its characteristics of high efficiency, high adaptability, large penetration depth, and low heat input. However, when the method is used for backing welding of the large blunt edge of the thick-plate high-strength steel, if one-time through-welding forming is carried out, unstable laser keyhole can occur, and a large number of air holes are easily generated. Therefore, a method for backing welding a high-strength steel thick plate with a double-sided laser-MAG composite large truncated edge is urgently needed for nuclear power and ocean engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of the air hole defect of the welding root of the large blunt edge backing of the thick steel plate, the invention provides a method for the double-sided laser-MAG composite large blunt edge backing welding of the thick steel plate. The method adopts double-sided laser-MAG composite backing welding, realizes deep fusion welding by using high-power laser-MAG composite of a first welding surface, improves the fusion depth but ensures that the root part is not fused, adopts low-power laser-MAG composite thermal conduction welding to realize root part fusion, and solves the problem that the air hole defect is easy to generate during one-time penetration forming of the high-strength steel thick plate large-truncated-edge laser-MAG composite large-truncated-edge backing welding.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) machining a first workpiece to be welded and a second workpiece to be welded into a double-U-shaped or double-V-shaped welding groove with a truncated edge;
(2) assembling a first workpiece to be welded and a second workpiece to be welded;
(3) removing oxide skin, oil stain, rust, moisture and other dirt on the groove and the periphery of the groove before welding;
(4) performing backing welding by using a front laser-MAG composite welding gun and a rear laser-MAG composite welding gun on two sides of a welding groove by adopting welding wires with the diameter of 1.0-1.6 mm, starting an arc by using the front laser-MAG composite welding gun at the interval of more than 4s, and starting an arc by using the rear laser-MAG composite welding gun; the welding parameters of the front welding gun are selected to ensure that the thickness of the non-penetration truncated edge is 0.5-4 mm, the laser power is 2.5-10 kW, the defocusing amount is-2- +2mm, the distance between optical wires is 0-5 mm, the welding current is 140-350A, the arc voltage is 8-20V, the welding speed is 50-500 mm/min, the wire feeding speed is 0.5-2 m/min, and the argon flow is 10-50L/min; and on the premise of ensuring root penetration, the welding parameters of the rear welding gun are selected, the laser power is 0.5-2 kW, the defocusing amount is-2- +2mm, the filament distance is 0-3 mm, the arc current is 150-350A, the arc voltage is 15-30V, the welding speed is 100-500 mm/min, and the flow of the mixed gas of 80% carbon dioxide and 20% argon is 15-35L/min.
The assembly clearance c is determined to be 0.2-0.3mm, the thickness p of the non-fusion truncated edge is set to be 7-9mm, and the thickness a of the root truncated edge is determined according to the thickness of the steel plate.
The invention has the advantages that the invention adopts double-sided laser-MAG composite backing welding, utilizes the high-power laser-MAG composite of the welding surface to realize deep fusion welding, improves the fusion depth but ensures that the root part is not fused, adopts low-power laser-MAG composite thermal conduction welding to realize the root part fusion, solves the problem that the high-strength steel thick plate large truncated edge laser-MAG composite large truncated edge backing welding is easy to generate air hole defects when being formed by one-time welding, and improves the welding quality and efficiency of the thick steel plate high-strength steel. The method is suitable for being used as a method for backing welding the thick steel plate with the double-sided laser-MAG composite large truncated edge.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of groove form and dimensional elements;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the position of the front and rear composite welding guns.
In the figure, 1 is a first workpiece to be welded, 2 is a second workpiece to be welded, 3 is a front laser-MAG composite welding gun, and 4 is a rear laser-MAG composite welding gun.
p. root fillet thickness, a. impervious fillet thickness, c. assembly gap.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the technical solutions and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The welding procedure and process will be described in detail by taking the SA-738Gr.B steel butt-welding and transverse-welding process with the length of 500mm and the plate thickness of 80mm as an example.
(1) Machining a first workpiece to be welded 1 and a second workpiece to be welded 2 into a double-U-shaped welding groove with truncated edges, wherein the thickness p of the truncated edges is 7 mm;
(2) assembling a first workpiece to be welded and a second workpiece to be welded, wherein the assembling clearance c is 0-0.3 mm;
(3) removing oxide skin, oil stain, rust, moisture and other dirt on the groove and the periphery of the groove before welding;
(4) performing backing welding by using a phi 1.2mm welding wire on two sides of a welding groove by using a front laser-MAG composite welding gun 3 and a rear laser-MAG composite welding gun 4, starting an arc by using the front laser-MAG composite welding gun at intervals of 8s, and starting an arc by using the rear laser-MAG composite welding gun; the laser power of a front welding gun is 3kW, the defocusing amount is 0mm, the distance between a smooth wire is 3mm, the welding current is 220A, the arc voltage is 24V, the welding speed is 400mm/min, and the flow of the mixed gas of 80% of carbon dioxide and 20% of argon is 20L/min. The thickness a of the non-fusion truncated edge is 1-3 mm; the laser power of a rear welding gun is 1kW, the defocusing amount is 0mm, the distance between a smooth wire is 3mm, the welding current is 220A, the arc voltage is 24V, the welding speed is 400mm/min, and the flow of the mixed gas of 80% of carbon dioxide and 20% of argon is 20L/min.
Example 2
The welding procedure and process will be specifically described by taking an example of an A514Gr. Q steel butt-joint transverse welding process with a length of 500mm and a plate thickness of 114 mm.
(1) Machining a first workpiece to be welded and a second workpiece to be welded into a double-V-shaped welding groove with a truncated edge, wherein the thickness p of the non-penetration truncated edge is 9 mm;
(2) assembling a first workpiece to be welded and a second workpiece to be welded, wherein the assembling clearance c is 0-0.2 mm;
(3) removing oxide skin, oil stain, rust, water and other dirt on the groove and the periphery of the groove before welding;
(4) performing backing welding by using a front laser-MAG composite welding gun and a rear laser-MAG composite welding gun on two sides of a welding groove by adopting a phi 1.2mm welding wire, starting an arc by using the front laser-MAG composite welding gun at an interval of 30s, and starting an arc by using the rear laser-MAG composite welding gun; the laser power of a front welding gun is 3.2kW, the defocusing amount is-1 mm, the distance of a smooth wire is 2mm, the welding current is 300A, the arc voltage is 26V, the welding speed is 420mm/min, and the flow of a mixed gas of 80% of carbon dioxide and 20% of argon is 25L/min. The thickness a of the non-fusion truncated edge is 1-3 mm; the laser power of a rear welding gun is 1kW, the defocusing amount is 0mm, the distance between a smooth wire and the rear welding gun is 2mm, the welding current is 300A, the arc voltage is 26V, the welding speed is 420mm/min, and the flow of a mixed gas of 80% carbon dioxide and 20% argon is 25L/min.
The root blunt thickness a is determined according to the thickness of the steel plate.
The invention has the characteristics that:
1. the double-sided laser-MAG composite backing welding is adopted, so that large truncated penetration welding can be realized, a gouging back chipping process is eliminated, the welding efficiency is improved, the amount of filled metal is reduced, and compared with electric arc welding, the heat input and heat affected zone can be reduced.
2. The double-sided laser-MAG composite backing welding is adopted, the deep fusion welding is realized by utilizing the high-power laser-MAG composite of the welding surface firstly, the fusion depth is improved but the root part is not fused, the root part fusion welding is realized by adopting the low-power laser-MAG composite thermal conduction welding on the reverse side, the problem that pores are easy to generate in one-time penetration forming of the large blunt-edge laser backing welding of the thick steel plate is solved, and the welding quality and efficiency are improved.
Claims (2)
1. A method for backing welding of a steel thick plate double-sided laser-MAG composite large truncated edge is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) machining a first workpiece (1) to be welded and a second workpiece (2) to be welded into a double-U-shaped or double-V-shaped welding groove with a truncated edge;
(2) assembling a first workpiece to be welded and a second workpiece to be welded;
(3) removing oxide skin, oil stain, rust, moisture and other dirt on the groove and the periphery of the groove before welding;
(4) performing backing welding on two sides of a welding groove by using a front laser-MAG composite welding gun (3) and a rear laser-MAG composite welding gun (4) by using welding wires with the diameter of 1.0-1.6 mm, starting an arc by using the front laser-MAG composite welding gun at the interval of more than 4s, and starting an arc by using the rear laser-MAG composite welding gun; the welding parameters of the front welding gun are selected to ensure that the thickness of the non-penetration truncated edge is 0.5-4 mm, the laser power is 2.5-10 kW, the defocusing amount is-2- +2mm, the distance between optical wires is 0-5 mm, the welding current is 140-350A, the arc voltage is 8-20V, the welding speed is 50-500 mm/min, the wire feeding speed is 0.5-2 m/min, and the argon flow is 10-50L/min; and on the premise of ensuring root penetration, the welding parameters of the rear welding gun are selected, the laser power is 0.5-2 kW, the defocusing amount is-2- +2mm, the filament distance is 0-3 mm, the arc current is 150-350A, the arc voltage is 15-30V, the welding speed is 100-500 mm/min, and the flow of the mixed gas of 80% carbon dioxide and 20% argon is 15-35L/min.
2. The method for backing welding the large truncated edge of the steel thick plate by the double-sided laser-MAG composite as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the assembly clearance c is determined to be 0.2-0.3mm, the thickness p of the non-fusion truncated edge is set to be 7-9mm, and the thickness a of the root truncated edge is determined according to the thickness of the steel plate.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114012265A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2022-02-08 | 华北水利水电大学 | Double-beam laser arc composite single-side transverse welding method and device |
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