CN111011660A - 塘鲺配合饲料 - Google Patents
塘鲺配合饲料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111011660A CN111011660A CN201911341926.6A CN201911341926A CN111011660A CN 111011660 A CN111011660 A CN 111011660A CN 201911341926 A CN201911341926 A CN 201911341926A CN 111011660 A CN111011660 A CN 111011660A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- meal
- clarias fuscus
- parts
- feed
- formula feed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 241001466864 Clarias fuscus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- LCQLHJZYVOQKHU-VKHMYHEASA-N carglumic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC(O)=O LCQLHJZYVOQKHU-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 33
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000005996 Blood meal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019779 Rapeseed Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004456 rapeseed meal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000150 monocalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940083466 soybean lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930003270 Vitamin B Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019156 vitamin B Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011720 vitamin B Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 4
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011665 D-biotin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000000638 D-biotin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010073032 Grain Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AZJQQNWSSLCLJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(OCC)=CC=C21 AZJQQNWSSLCLJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004151 Calcium iodate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexa-Ac-myo-Inositol Natural products CC(=O)OC1C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C1OC(C)=O SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MIJPAVRNWPDMOR-ZAFYKAAXSA-N L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)=C1O MIJPAVRNWPDMOR-ZAFYKAAXSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930003316 Vitamin D Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-ZQBYOMGUSA-N [14c]-nicotinamide Chemical compound N[14C](=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L calcium D-pantothenic acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O.OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- UHWJJLGTKIWIJO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium iodate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]I(=O)=O.[O-]I(=O)=O UHWJJLGTKIWIJO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019390 calcium iodate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000367 inositol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N inositol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XBDUTCVQJHJTQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate monohydrate Chemical compound O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O XBDUTCVQJHJTQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940076230 magnesium sulfate monohydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- LFCFXZHKDRJMNS-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;sulfate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LFCFXZHKDRJMNS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- ISPYRSDWRDQNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate Chemical compound O.[Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ISPYRSDWRDQNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004051 menadione sodium bisulfite Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- XDPFHGWVCTXHDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M menadione sodium sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(C)(S([O-])(=O)=O)CC(=O)C2=C1 XDPFHGWVCTXHDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000342 retinol acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- QGNJRVVDBSJHIZ-QHLGVNSISA-N retinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C QGNJRVVDBSJHIZ-QHLGVNSISA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019173 retinyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011770 retinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N scyllo-inosotol Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019166 vitamin D Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011710 vitamin D Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003710 vitamin D derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940046008 vitamin d Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940118149 zinc sulfate monohydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- RNZCSKGULNFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;hydrogen sulfate;hydroxide Chemical compound O.[Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RNZCSKGULNFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 10
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 9
- -1 compound vitamin Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000721179 Clarias Species 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000020776 essential amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000003797 essential amino acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- RFMMMVDNIPUKGG-YFKPBYRVSA-N N-acetyl-L-glutamic acid Chemical class CC(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC(O)=O RFMMMVDNIPUKGG-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000252185 Cobitidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005913 Maltodextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002774 Maltodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000500086 Pseudorasbora parva Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238370 Sepia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930003451 Vitamin B1 Natural products 0.000 description 1
- ZQBZAOZWBKABNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[Ca] Chemical compound [P].[Ca] ZQBZAOZWBKABNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940069978 calcium supplement Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940035034 maltodextrin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000062645 predators Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KKEOZWYTZSNYLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O triazanium;nitrate;sulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KKEOZWYTZSNYLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 235000010374 vitamin B1 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/24—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from blood
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
- A23K10/38—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种塘鲺配合饲料，按照质量份数包括：0.3份～0.6份的N‑氨基甲酰谷氨酸、57.5份～87.5份的蛋白类原料、13份～17份的淀粉类原料、2.4份～3.1份的油类原料以及添加剂。这种塘鲺配合饲料在测定N‑氨基甲酰谷氨酸(N‑Carbamylglutamate，NCG)最优添加量基础上，设计出低蛋白含量的塘鲺配合饲料。在养殖试验验证时发现，采用这种塘鲺配合饲料饲养的塘鲺的产量发生了增长。此外，实测塘鲺血液中，各组分氨基酸含量与已公布饲料配方相比基本一致。这种塘鲺配合饲料通过降低了蛋白含量降低了饲料成本，在不影响塘鲺品质的前提下实现了塘鲺产量的增长，具有极佳的生产应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及饲料技术领域，尤其涉及一种塘鲺配合饲料。
背景技术
塘鲺，学名胡子鲶，别名本地塘鲺，在分类上属鲇形目、胡子鲶科。属于热带、亚热带鱼类，广布于我国南方各地。塘鲺鱼原系野生鱼类，其主要生活在江河、湖泊、水库、坑塘的中下层，多在沿岸地带活动。肉食性鱼类，捕食对象多为小型鱼类：如餐条、鲫鱼、鰕虎鱼、麦穗鱼、鲤鱼、泥鳅等，也吃虾类和水生昆虫。以吞食为主。塘鲺鱼肉质鲜嫩，而且具有一定药用价值，加上其生长快、抗病力强、产量高等优点，在广东、广西和福建等省份已形成规模化养殖。
塘鲺对饲料中蛋白质的营养需求较高，幼鱼阶段对蛋白质要求约为36.5％(GiriS.S,Sahoo SK,Sahu AK et al..Effect of dietary protein level on growth,survival,feed utilisation and body composition of hybrid Clarias catfish(Clarias batrachus×Clarias gariepinus).Animal Feed Science andTechnology.2003,104:169-178.)。鱼类对蛋白质的需求实际上是对必需氨基酸的需要，添加适量必需氨基酸，可以减少蛋白原料用量、氮排泄的影响，提高饲料利用率、降低饲料成本。
发明内容
基于此，有必要提供一种添加了必需氨基酸的塘鲺配合饲料，其用于饲养塘鲺时可以提高塘鲺的产量。
一种塘鲺配合饲料，按照质量份数包括：0.3份～0.6份的N-氨基甲酰谷氨酸、57.5份～87.5份的蛋白类原料、13份～17份的淀粉类原料、2.4份～3.1份的油类原料以及添加剂。
这种塘鲺配合饲料在测定N-氨基甲酰谷氨酸(N-Carbamylglutamate，NCG)最优添加量基础上，设计出低蛋白含量的塘鲺配合饲料。在养殖试验验证时发现，采用这种塘鲺配合饲料饲养的塘鲺的产量发生了增长。此外，实测塘鲺血液中，各组分氨基酸含量与已公布饲料配方相比基本一致。
这种塘鲺配合饲料通过降低了蛋白含量降低了饲料成本，在不影响塘鲺品质的前提下实现了塘鲺产量的增长，具有极佳的生产应用前景。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面将结合具体实施方式对本发明进行更全面的描述。除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。
本申请公开了一实施方式的塘鲺配合饲料，按照质量份数包括：0.3份～0.6份的N-氨基甲酰谷氨酸、57.5份～87.5份的蛋白类原料、13份～17份的淀粉类原料、2.4份～3.1份的油类原料以及添加剂。
N-氨基甲酰谷氨酸(N-Carbamylglutamate，NCG)是N-乙酰谷氨酸(NAG)的结构类似物，在动物体内能像NAG一样作为催化剂，促进精氨酸的体内合成。在饲料中添加NCG，可以显著提高鱼类血液中各种必需氨基酸的含量。
这种塘鲺配合饲料在测定N-氨基甲酰谷氨酸(N-Carbamylglutamate，NCG)最优添加量(0.3份～0.6份)的基础上，设计出低蛋白含量的塘鲺配合饲料。在养殖试验验证时发现，采用这种塘鲺配合饲料饲养的塘鲺的产量发生了增长。此外，实测塘鲺血液中，各组分氨基酸含量与已公布饲料配方相比基本一致。
这种塘鲺配合饲料通过降低了蛋白含量降低了饲料成本，在不影响塘鲺品质的前提下实现了塘鲺产量的增长，具有极佳的生产应用前景。
优选的，蛋白类原料包括菜粕、棉粕、米糠粕、酒糟蛋白饲料、鱼粉、豆粕和血粉中的至少一种。
本实施方式中，采用血粉代替乌贼膏作为诱食剂，由于塘鲺喜食血，因此对于塘鲺的诱食性更好。
酒糟蛋白饲料(Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles，DDGS)又称干酒糟及其可溶物，即含有可溶固形物的干酒糟。在以玉米为原料发酵制取乙醇的过程中，其中的淀粉被转化成乙醇和二氧化碳，其他营养成分(如蛋白质、脂肪和纤维等)均留在酒糟中。
具体来说，本实施方式中，菜粕的蛋白质含量不低于36％，棉粕的蛋白质含量不低于42.6％，米糠粕的蛋白质含量不低于15％，酒糟蛋白饲料的蛋白质含量不低于26％，面粉的蛋白质含量不低于12.8％，鱼粉的蛋白质含量不低于63％，豆粕的蛋白质含量不低于43％，血粉的蛋白质含量不低于89％。
具体来说，本实施方式中，57.5份～87.5份的蛋白类原料为8份～14份的菜粕、4份～6份的棉粕、3份～5份的米糠粕、4份～6份的酒糟蛋白饲料、14份～22份的面粉、8.5份～12.5份的鱼粉、12份～16份的豆粕和4份～6份的血粉。
表1广东地区2019年饲料原料报价和饲料原料蛋白含量
注：表内价格随季节、供求关系等因素影响，可能会出现上下波动
结合表1，可以看出，本实施方式的塘鲺配合饲料，通过减少鱼粉、豆粕的使用量，塘鲺配合饲料中蛋白质含量及成本均有所降低，减少蛋白质含量达5％以上，饲料成本降低15％以上(结合养殖试验)。
优选的，淀粉类原料为木薯粉。
优选的，2.4份～3.1份的所述油类原料为2份～2.5份的豆油00和0.4份～0.6份的大豆卵磷脂。
特别优选的，塘鲺配合饲料中，N-氨基甲酰谷氨酸的质量份数为0.4份。经过实验验证，当N-氨基甲酰谷氨酸的质量份数为0.4份时，塘鲺血液中的氨基酸含量提升程度达到最大值。
优选的，塘鲺配合饲料中包括添加剂，添加剂通常包括磷钙补充剂、维生素、矿物盐、防霉剂和氯化胆碱，添加剂中各组分的添加量选择常规值即可。
具体来说，本实施方式在中，添加剂包括1份～1.2份的磷酸二氢钙、0.1份的维生素、0.5份的矿物盐、0.15份的防霉剂和0.2份的氯化胆碱。
防霉剂一般选择专用的饲料防霉药品，例如“霉必克”。
维生素按照质量百分比由以下组分组成：维生素A乙酸酯0.63％、维生素D30.2％、亚硫酸氢钠甲萘醌0.7％、维生素E 5.77％、维生素B1(硝酸硫铵)0.51％、维生素B20.75％、维生素B6 0.56％、维生素B12 0.36％、烟酰胺2.82％、叶酸0.26％、D-泛酸钙1.63％、D-生物素(2％)0.25％、L-抗坏血酸-2-磷酸酯21.43％、肌醇8.16％、乙氧基喹啉0.52％和脱脂米糠55.45％。
D-生物素(2％)以麦芽糊精为载体，常用于饲料添加剂。
矿物盐按照质量百分比由以下组分组成：一水硫酸镁11.56％、一水硫酸锰1.29％、一水硫酸亚铁10.3％、一水硫酸锌1.79％、五水硫酸铜0.494％、碘酸钙1.03％、硫酸钴1.03％、亚硒酸钠0.31％和沸石粉72.15％。
特别优选的，本实施方式中，塘鲺配合饲料的各个组份的含量之和为100份。
具体实施例
实施例1
按照每100g原料由NCG 0.4g，木薯粉15.65g，鱼粉10.5g，豆粕14g，血粉5g，菜粕11g，棉粕5g，米糠粕4g，DDGS 5g，面粉18g，豆油2g，大豆卵磷脂0.5g，复合维生素0.1g，复合矿物盐0.5g，磷酸二氢钙1g，桂林市万康生物科技有限公司“霉必克”0.15g，氯化胆碱0.2g组成。
将原料2次粉碎过60目筛后混合均匀，经双螺杆制粒机挤压、制粒后、50℃干燥后制成塘鲺配合饲料。
实施例2
每100g原料由NCG 0.4g，木薯粉14.5g，鱼粉11.3g，豆粕14.1g，血粉5g，菜粕10.8g，棉粕4.8g，米糠粕3.35g，DDGS 5.1g，面粉19.2g，豆油2g，大豆卵磷脂0.5g，复合维生素0.1g，复合矿物盐0.5g，磷酸二氢钙1g，桂林市万康生物科技有限公司“霉必克”0.15g，氯化胆碱0.2g组成。
将原料2次粉碎过60目筛后混合均匀，经双螺杆制粒机挤压、制粒后、50℃干燥后制成塘鲺配合饲料。
实施例3
每100g原料由NCG 0.4g，木薯粉14.8g，鱼粉11.2g，豆粕13.7g，血粉5g，菜粕10.8g，棉粕4.8g，米糠粕4.25g，DDGS 4.8g，面粉18.8g，豆油2g，大豆卵磷脂0.5g，复合维生素0.1g，复合矿物盐0.5g，磷酸二氢钙1g，桂林市万康生物科技有限公司“霉必克”0.15g，氯化胆碱0.2g组成。
将原料2次粉碎过60目筛后混合均匀，经双螺杆制粒机挤压、制粒后、50℃干燥后制成塘鲺配合饲料。
实施例4
每100g原料由NCG 0.4g，木薯粉14.6g，鱼粉10.4g，豆粕15.9g，血粉5.1g，菜粕9.6g，棉粕3.6g，米糠粕3.35g，DDGS 4.9g，面粉20.8g，豆油2g，大豆卵磷脂0.5g，复合维生素0.1g，复合矿物盐0.5g，磷酸二氢钙1g，桂林市万康生物科技有限公司“霉必克”0.15g，氯化胆碱0.2g组成。
将原料2次粉碎过60目筛后混合均匀，经双螺杆制粒机挤压、制粒后、50℃干燥后制成塘鲺配合饲料。
实施例5
按照每100g原料由NCG 0.3g，木薯粉17g，鱼粉12.5g，豆粕16g，血粉6g，菜粕14g，棉粕6g，米糠粕5g，DDGS 6g，面粉22g，豆油2.5g，大豆卵磷脂0.6g，复合维生素0.1g，复合矿物盐0.5g，磷酸二氢钙1.2g，桂林市万康生物科技有限公司“霉必克”0.15g，氯化胆碱0.2g组成。
将原料2次粉碎过60目筛后混合均匀，经双螺杆制粒机挤压、制粒后、50℃干燥后制成塘鲺配合饲料。
实施例6
按照每100g原料由NCG 0.6g，木薯粉13g，鱼粉8.5g，豆粕12g，血粉4g，菜粕8g，棉粕4g，米糠粕3g，DDGS 4g，面粉14g，豆油2g，大豆卵磷脂0.4g，复合维生素0.1g，复合矿物盐0.5g，磷酸二氢钙1g，桂林市万康生物科技有限公司“霉必克”0.15g，氯化胆碱0.2g组成。
将原料2次粉碎过60目筛后混合均匀，经双螺杆制粒机挤压、制粒后、50℃干燥后制成塘鲺配合饲料。
养殖试验
选用约30g左右塘鲺鱼，养殖玻璃桶直径1.5米，每桶40尾，每组4个平行，进行室内养殖实验，养殖周期为1个月，对照组饲料为市面上效果较好的商品饲料(广东粤海饲料集团塘鲺小鱼2号饲料)，具体结果见表2。
表2：实施例1与对照组养殖效果对照
| 分组 | 实施例1 | 对照组 |
| 养殖个体(尾) | 160 | 160 |
| 增重率％ | 413.23±23.22 | 410.18±21.73 |
| 特定生长率％ | 2.81±0.15 | 2.80±0.24 |
| 成活率％ | 99.75 | 99.50 |
由表2可以看出，在1个月的养殖周期内，实施例1与对照组的塘鲺的生长速度没有明显降低，并且实施例1的塘鲺再增重率上还略有提升。
将养殖一个月的实施例1的塘鲺和对照组的塘鲺处死后，分别提取血液进行氨基酸分析，结果发现实施例1的塘鲺的血液中各组分的氨基酸含量与对照组基本一致。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (10)
1.一种塘鲺配合饲料，其特征在于，按照质量份数包括：0.3份～0.6份的N-氨基甲酰谷氨酸、57.5份～87.5份的蛋白类原料、13份～17份的淀粉类原料、2.4份～3.1份的油类原料以及添加剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的塘鲺配合饲料，其特征在于，所述蛋白类原料包括菜粕、棉粕、米糠粕、酒糟蛋白饲料、鱼粉、豆粕和血粉中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的塘鲺配合饲料，其特征在于，57.5份～87.5份的所述蛋白类原料为8份～14份的菜粕、4份～6份的棉粕、3份～5份的米糠粕、4份～6份的酒糟蛋白饲料、14份～22份的面粉、8.5份～12.5份的鱼粉、12份～16份的豆粕和4份～6份的血粉。
4.根据权利要求3所述的塘鲺配合饲料，其特征在于，所述淀粉类原料为木薯粉。
5.根据权利要求4所述的塘鲺配合饲料，其特征在于，2.4份～3.1份的所述油类原料为2份～2.5份的豆油2％～2.5％和0.4份～0.6份的大豆卵磷脂。
6.根据权利要求2所述的塘鲺配合饲料，其特征在于，所述菜粕的蛋白质含量不低于36％，所述棉粕的蛋白质含量不低于42.6％，所述米糠粕的蛋白质含量不低于15％，所述酒糟蛋白饲料的蛋白质含量不低于26％，所述面粉的蛋白质含量不低于12.8％，所述鱼粉的蛋白质含量不低于63％，所述豆粕的蛋白质含量不低于43％，所述血粉的蛋白质含量不低于89％。
7.根据权利要求1～6中任意一项所述的塘鲺配合饲料，其特征在于，所述塘鲺配合饲料中，所述N-氨基甲酰谷氨酸的质量份数为0.4份。
8.根据权利要求1～6中任意一项所述的塘鲺配合饲料，其特征在于，所述添加剂包括1份～1.2份的磷酸二氢钙、0.1份的维生素、0.5份的矿物盐、0.15份的防霉剂和0.2份的氯化胆碱。
9.根据权利要求8所述的塘鲺配合饲料，其特征在于，所述维生素按照质量百分比由以下组分组成：维生素A乙酸酯0.63％、维生素D3 0.2％、亚硫酸氢钠甲萘醌0.7％、维生素E5.77％、维生素B1 0.51％、维生素B2 0.75％、维生素B6 0.56％、维生素B12 0.36％、烟酰胺2.82％、叶酸0.26％、D-泛酸钙1.63％、D-生物素(2％)0.25％、L-抗坏血酸-2-磷酸酯21.43％、肌醇8.16％、乙氧基喹啉0.52％和脱脂米糠55.45％。
10.根据权利要求8所述的塘鲺配合饲料，其特征在于，所述矿物盐按照质量百分比由以下组分组成：一水硫酸镁11.56％、一水硫酸锰1.29％、一水硫酸亚铁10.3％、一水硫酸锌1.79％、五水硫酸铜0.494％、碘酸钙1.03％、硫酸钴1.03％、亚硒酸钠0.31％和沸石粉72.15％。
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