CN111011394B - Wheat cold-resistant inducer and application method thereof - Google Patents
Wheat cold-resistant inducer and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111011394B CN111011394B CN201911273160.2A CN201911273160A CN111011394B CN 111011394 B CN111011394 B CN 111011394B CN 201911273160 A CN201911273160 A CN 201911273160A CN 111011394 B CN111011394 B CN 111011394B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
Abstract
The invention discloses a wheat cold-resistant inducer which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of copper methionine, 5-10 parts of pinoresinol diglucoside, 5-10 parts of salicylic acid, 0-15 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 1-5 parts of calcium chloride, 1-3 parts of surfactant and 20-30 parts of water. The application method is also disclosed, and the inducer can improve multiple physiological indexes of wheat and improve activity of multiple antioxidase enzymes. The wheat cold injury resisting agent is safe and non-toxic, convenient in material obtaining, low in cost, simple in preparation and remarkable in drug effect, can be applied to wheat, can effectively prevent and relieve the damage of low-temperature freezing injury to the wheat, and overcomes the defects of unstable effect, time and labor consumption and high investment cost in the existing low-temperature freezing injury resisting measures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wheat cultivation, and particularly relates to a wheat cold-resistant inducer and an application method thereof.
Background
Wheat is an important worldwide food crop, and about 35% of the population worldwide uses wheat as a main food. China is a world large country for wheat production, the perennial sowing area and the yield respectively account for about 25 percent and 22 percent of the total grain amount, and the wheat is the second largest grain crop next to rice. The wheat has long growth period, is sown in autumn, is harvested in spring and summer after winter, spans 2 years of spring, summer, autumn and winter, and can be subjected to cold flow, late spring, cold and other low-temperature stresses in the early growth period, the turning green and jointing and other key growth periods of the wheat, almost all winter wheat planting areas have cold damage and freezing damage, the low-temperature freezing damage becomes one of the largest natural disasters in wheat production, the quality and the yield stability of the wheat production are greatly influenced, and the grain safety is seriously threatened.
In recent years, climate abnormalities in the Huang-Huai-Hai and the North China show that the freezing (cold) damage is the most serious in the North Anhui and the North Jiangsu according to related data, and the freezing damage area of winter wheat in China reaches more than 400 ten thousand hm every year2Of which more than 40 ten thousand hm2The serious freezing injury seriously affects the grain yield and the grain production safety in China. Weather expert prediction shows that China will experience a small ice river period with low temperature in winter in the next two thirty years while global climate is warmed. Numerous researches show that in the main winter wheat production area of China, in the last years, the average temperature in winter is lower than that in the past, cold current in winter is early and urgent, the temperature drops suddenly, the temperature rise in spring is late, the sunlight is insufficient, the low-temperature duration is prolonged by more than 15-30 days, the wheat damage area is large, the freezing damage degree is generally increased, and the problems that the seeding of crops in the next season is influenced by the delay of the growth period, the quality and the yield are reduced, the high yield difficulty is increased and the like sometimes occur. Therefore, the method for enhancing the low-temperature freezing injury resistance of the wheat has important practical significance and application value for ensuring high and stable yield of the wheat and guaranteeing grain safety.
Patent 201310116703.6 discloses a wheat low temperature resistant regulator and a preparation method thereof, the specific components include 3-9 g/L of aminopolysaccharide, 20-100 g/L of choline chloride, 4-20 g/L of salicylic acid or sodium salicylate, 80-400 g/L of potassium silicate, 20-100 g/L of surfactant and water, but the components are complex, the preparation method is complicated and the effect is poor.
Combines the growth and development of wheat and the physiological and biochemical mechanism of low-temperature freezing injury, creates a biochemical preparation which is simple and easy to implement, low in price and easy to obtain and has obvious low-temperature freezing injury resistance effect, improves the low-temperature freezing injury resistance of the wheat, and has important significance for promoting the wheat production and grain safety in China.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a wheat cold-resistant inducer and an application method thereof, and the inducer can improve multiple physiological indexes of wheat and improve activity of multiple antioxidase. The wheat cold injury resisting agent is safe and non-toxic, convenient in material obtaining, low in cost, simple in preparation and remarkable in drug effect, can be applied to wheat, can effectively prevent and relieve the damage of low-temperature freezing injury to the wheat, and overcomes the defects of unstable effect, time and labor consumption and high investment cost in the existing low-temperature freezing injury resisting measures.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the wheat cold-resistant inducer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of copper methionine, 5-10 parts of pinoresinol diglucoside, 5-10 parts of salicylic acid, 0-15 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 1-5 parts of calcium chloride, 1-3 parts of surfactant and 20-30 parts of water.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of copper methionine, 8 parts of pinoresinol diglucoside, 6 parts of salicylic acid, 2 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3 parts of calcium chloride, 1 part of surfactant and 26 parts of water.
Preferably, the surfactant is one or a mixture of more than two of tween series, span series, OP series and/or NP series.
The application method of the wheat cold-resistant inducer is characterized in that 20-25g of the wheat cold-resistant inducer is weighed per mu within 1-2 days before low temperature comes, and leaves of wheat are sprayed after being diluted by 10000-20000 times of water, wherein the low temperature means that the environmental temperature is less than or equal to 0 ℃.
The foliar fertilizer is convenient to use and simple to operate, and is sprayed on the foliage 1-2 days before the low-temperature cold tide of wheat comes or in the jointing-pulling booting period.
Salicylic acid or sodium salicylate, is a simple micromolecular phenolic compound ubiquitous in the plant body, and the physiological effect of the salicylic acid or sodium salicylate in the plant body is widely expressed in the regulation and control of physiological processes such as plant growth, development, maturity, aging and the like and the induction process of stress reactions such as salt resistance, drought resistance, low temperature resistance, ultraviolet resistance, heavy metal resistance and the like; salicylic acid enhances the cold tolerance of plants by modulating antioxidant enzyme activity, reducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, inhibiting electrolyte leakage, and increasing photosynthesis efficiency.
Calcium is a necessary substance of a plant cell wall structure, and is treated by using a calcium preparation in the growth period of a plant, so that the expression level of a cell wall degrading enzyme gene can be inhibited, the activity of the cell wall degrading enzyme is obviously reduced, the depolymerization of pectin, hemicellulose and the like is slowed down, the stability of the cell wall structure and functions is maintained, the plant disease resistance is improved, physiological diseases are prevented, the quality of the plant is improved, the absorption of calcium ions can be effectively improved after calcium chloride and salicylic acid are added, and the cold resistance of wheat is effectively improved under the synergistic effect of copper methionine and pinoresinol diglucoside.
Advantageous effects
(1) The wheat cold-resistant inducer has good low-temperature resistance effect, can enhance the low-temperature stress resistance of wheat, reduce the damage of low temperature to the growth of the wheat, reduce the low-temperature loss and improve the yield of the wheat, and meanwhile, has an auxiliary effect on improving the disease resistance of the wheat.
(2) The wheat cold-resistant inducer has the advantages of easily available raw materials, simple preparation method, convenient application, large-scale production, popularization and application and important economic benefit.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
The wheat cold-resistant inducer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of copper methionine, 5 parts of pinoresinol diglucoside, 5 parts of salicylic acid, 1 part of calcium chloride, 401 parts of tween-401 and 20-30 parts of water.
Example 2
The wheat cold-resistant inducer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of copper methionine, 10 parts of pinoresinol diglucoside, 10 parts of salicylic acid, 15 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 5 parts of calcium chloride, 603 parts of tween-and 30 parts of water.
Example 3
The wheat cold-resistant inducer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of copper methionine, 8 parts of pinoresinol diglucoside, 6 parts of salicylic acid, 2 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3 parts of calcium chloride, span-601 parts and 26 parts of water.
Comparative example 1
The wheat cold-resistant inducer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of pinoresinol diglucoside, 6 parts of salicylic acid, 2 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3 parts of calcium chloride, 601 parts of span-601 and 26 parts of water.
Comparative example 2
The wheat cold-resistant inducer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of copper methionine, 6 parts of salicylic acid, 2 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3 parts of calcium chloride, 601 parts of span-601 and 26 parts of water.
Comparative example 3
The wheat cold-resistant inducer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of copper methionine, 8 parts of pinoresinol diglucoside, 2 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3 parts of calcium chloride, 601 parts of span-601 parts and 26 parts of water.
Comparative example 4
The wheat cold-resistant inducer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of copper methionine, 8 parts of pinoresinol diglucoside, 6 parts of salicylic acid, 3 parts of calcium chloride, 601 parts of span-601 and 26 parts of water.
Comparative example 5
The wheat cold-resistant inducer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of copper methionine, 8 parts of pinoresinol diglucoside, 6 parts of salicylic acid, 2 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 601 parts of span-601 parts and 26 parts of water.
Comparative example 6
The wheat cold-resistant inducer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of copper methionine, 8 parts of pinoresinol diglucoside, 2 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 601 parts of span-601 and 26 parts of water.
Comparative example 7
The wheat cold-resistant inducer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of salicylic acid, 2 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3 parts of calcium chloride, span-601 parts and 26 parts of water.
In this example, the wheat in the jointing stage was sprayed with the cold-resistant inducers prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 7 of the present invention to study the effect of the cold-resistant inducers on physiological indices of wheat leaves. Within 1-2 days before low temperature comes, 20-25g of wheat cold-resistant inducer is weighed per mu, and leaves of wheat are sprayed after being diluted by 10000-20000 times of water, wherein the low temperature means that the environmental temperature is less than or equal to 0 ℃.
Sterilizing wheat seeds, soaking, accelerating germination, selecting full wheat seeds with uniform size, sowing the seeds into culture dishes (30 seeds per dish), culturing in a light incubator with Hoagland nutrient solution under 25/20 deg.C (day/night) and light intensity of 300 μmol/m2(ii)/s, photoperiod 14/l0h (day/night), relative humidity 65. + -.5%; when the wheat seedlings grow to 2 leaves and 1 heart stage, the wheat cold-resistant inducer prepared in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-7 is used for spraying leaves of the wheat seedlings, so that the leaves are completely wet, but the liquid does not flow down, and the negative control sample is sprayed with the same amount of clear water; after 48 hours, the wheat seedlings are placed at the low temperature of 0 ℃ for 3 days, and then the content of malondialdehyde, soluble sugar, soluble protein, chlorophyll and proline in the leaves of the wheat seedlings is measured, and the specific result is shown in table 1.
In the experiment, the content of malondialdehyde is determined by a thiobarbituric acid method, the content of soluble sugar is determined by an anthrone colorimetric method, the content of soluble protein is determined by a Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 method, and the content of proline is determined by an acidic indetrione method.
TABLE 1 influence of wheat cold-resistant inducer on various indexes of wheat seedling leaves
As can be seen from table 1, the wheat leaves of examples 1-3 all contained significant increases in Malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble sugars, soluble proteins, and proline as compared to the control. Although comparative examples 1 to 7 were also sprayed with the cold resistance inducer, none of the effects were as good as those of examples 1 to 3. The embodiment of the application has the advantages that each component is absent, and the cold-resistant effect can be better achieved only by the compounding synergistic effect of each component. The MDA is a product of membrane lipid peroxidation under salt stress, the content of the MDA can represent the damage degree of the membrane, the MDA content in the leaves of the wheat seedlings in the examples 1-3 is obviously increased under the low-temperature stress, and the damage of the low-temperature stress to the cell membrane can be obviously relieved after the wheat seedlings are treated by the cold-resistant inducer; under the condition of low temperature stress, the contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline in the leaves of the wheat seedlings are obviously reduced, and the contents of the soluble sugar, the soluble protein and the proline in the leaves can be improved after the leaves are treated by the cold-resistant inducer, so that the overall metabolic level of a plant body is improved, and the plant osmotic regulation capability is maintained.
(2) The test is carried out in the commercial river area of Jinan in 2018/2019 years, the variety of the tested wheat is Jinmai 17, the wheat is sown in 7 days of 10 months in 2018 years, 25g of the preparation is sprayed to each mu in 14 afternoon in 2 months in 2019 years, 20000 times of the preparation is diluted, and the treatment area of each embodiment is 6m independently2And (3) spraying equal amount of clear water as a control, meeting moderate cold tide disaster weather in 2018, 2 and 15 days, controlling the temperature to be-6 ℃ at the lowest temperature in a normal field during the test period, investigating thousand seed weight of a cell in a mature period of 2019, 6 and 10 days, and obtaining the test result shown in table 2.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (4)
1. The wheat cold-resistant inducer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of copper methionine, 5-10 parts of pinoresinol diglucoside, 5-10 parts of salicylic acid, 0-15 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 1-5 parts of calcium chloride, 1-3 parts of surfactant and 20-30 parts of water.
2. The inducer according to claim 1, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of copper methionine, 8 parts of pinoresinol diglucoside, 6 parts of salicylic acid, 2 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3 parts of calcium chloride, 1 part of surfactant and 26 parts of water.
3. The inducer according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is a mixture of one or more of tween series, span series, OP series and/or NP series.
4. A method for applying the wheat cold-resistant inducer as defined in one of claims 1-3, wherein 20-25g of the wheat cold-resistant inducer is weighed per mu within 1-2 days before the low temperature comes, and leaves of wheat are sprayed after being diluted by 10000-20000 times with water, wherein the low temperature means that the environmental temperature is less than or equal to 0 ℃.
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