CN111011100B - Combined type intelligence grape plays rattan soil removal device - Google Patents
Combined type intelligence grape plays rattan soil removal device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111011100B CN111011100B CN201911124576.8A CN201911124576A CN111011100B CN 111011100 B CN111011100 B CN 111011100B CN 201911124576 A CN201911124576 A CN 201911124576A CN 111011100 B CN111011100 B CN 111011100B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery research, and particularly relates to a combined type intelligent grape vine-raising and soil-clearing device. The soil cleaning device comprises a rack, an upper soil cleaning device, an inner soil cleaning device, a wind power soil cleaning device, a power system and a limiting system. According to the invention, the soil is cleaned once by using a contact type soil cleaning mode, the upper soil cleaning scraper removes a certain amount of upper soil, the inner soil cleaning scraper cleans inner soil, the width and the height of a soil ridge are reduced, the subsequent non-contact type soil cleaning amount is greatly reduced, and the wind power soil cleaning is ensured. The device disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the damage to the grape vines is reduced to a great extent, the pollution problem is comprehensively considered, the pollution caused by dust is reduced to a great extent by adopting the dustproof device, and the cleaned soil is controlled within an effective range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery research, and relates to a combined soil cleaning device in a vine raising stage in a grape production process.
Technical Field
In northwest areas of China, due to climate and regional problems, it is dry and cold in winter. Because the grape vines can be air-dried or frosted during wintering, grape farmers adopt a soil burying mode to ensure that the grape vines are not frozen or air-dried to death before winter comes after harvest, and the vines are started in the spring of the next year to continue to produce the grapes. When the spring comes, the grapevine sprouts, the growth of the grapevine is influenced by the grapevine late, so that the time for clearing soil is tight, only 7 to 10 days, and the soil clearing amount is large. Under the condition of large grape planting scale, the soil clearing and vine lifting are work with high labor intensity, the efficiency of manually clearing the soil and lifting the vine is low, the cost is high, and the growth of the grape vine is influenced to a certain extent. The existing soil clearing and vine lifting device is poor in soil clearing effect, and most importantly, the operation can not be guaranteed to be completed within the wound limiting range of the grapevines, so that the survival rate of plants is reduced to a great extent. The device disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the damage to the grape vines is reduced to a great extent, the pollution problem is comprehensively considered, the pollution caused by dust is reduced to a great extent by adopting the dustproof device, and the cleaned soil is controlled within an effective range.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention designs a composite soil cleaning device,
the vine-lifting soil-clearing device is realized by the following technical scheme: a combined grape vine-raising and soil-removing device comprises a rack, an upper soil-removing device, an inner soil-removing device, a wind-power soil-removing device, a power system and a limiting system.
The front end of the frame is provided with three traction rods, one traction rod is arranged in the middle of the front end of the frame, and the other traction rod is arranged on two sides of the front end of the frame. A front side installation cavity and a rear side installation cavity are arranged below the surface of the rack, and two rectangular through holes are formed in the surface of the rack corresponding to the rear side installation cavity.
The upper soil cleaning device comprises an upper soil cleaning scraper, a rod mechanism, a first hydraulic device, a controller, a first electromagnetic valve and a first sensor. The rod mechanism and the first hydraulic device are arranged in a mounting cavity at the front side of the frame; the push rod of the first hydraulic device is connected with the rod mechanism, the upper soil cleaning scraper is positioned on the right side of the rod mechanism and connected with the rod mechanism, the upper soil cleaning scraper can rotate, and the push rod of the first hydraulic device pushes the rod mechanism so as to push the upper soil cleaning scraper to move, so that the obstacle avoidance of the upper soil cleaning scraper and the adjustment of the soil cleaning state are realized; the first sensor is installed at the tail end of the right-end traction rod, and the controller and the first electromagnetic valve are installed on the surface of the rack. After acquiring a signal of the obstacle, the first sensor transmits the signal to the controller, and the controller controls the first electromagnetic valve after judging so as to control the first hydraulic device to retract and pull the rod mechanism to realize obstacle avoidance of the upper soil cleaning scraper; when the return value of the first sensor is empty, the situation that no barrier exists is indicated, the controller controls the first electromagnetic valve, so that the first hydraulic device is controlled to stretch out, and the push rod mechanism realizes the state that the upper soil cleaning scraper plate continues to clean soil.
The inner soil cleaning device comprises a controller, a sliding guide rail, a guide wheel, an inner soil cleaning scraper, a second hydraulic device, a second electromagnetic valve, a second sensor, a flexible piece and a scraper connecting rod; the inner soil cleaning scraper consists of a primary soil cleaning scraper and a secondary soil cleaning scraper; the four guide wheels are fixed in a mounting cavity at the rear side of the rack by bolts; the sliding guide rail is matched with the guide wheel; the cylinder body of the second hydraulic device is fixed on the rack, the push rod of the second hydraulic device is connected with the sliding guide rail, and the push rod stretches and retracts to drive the sliding guide rail to slide left and right; the second sensor is arranged at the middle end of the right traction rod, and the height of the second sensor is consistent with that of the first sensor; the first scraper connecting rod is welded below the guide rail and is vertical to the guide rail; the secondary soil cleaning scraper is fixed on the first scraper connecting rod by a bolt, and forms an angle of 30 degrees with the advancing direction; the second scraper connecting rod is welded on the secondary soil cleaning scraper; the primary soil cleaning scraper is connected with the secondary soil cleaning scraper by a second scraper connecting rod and is parallel to the secondary soil cleaning scraper; the flexible part is welded on the outer side of the primary soil cleaning scraper; the second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the surface of the frame. The signal of the second sensor is transmitted to the controller, and the controller controls the second electromagnetic valve after judging, so that the second hydraulic device is controlled, the left-right sliding of the sliding guide rail is realized, and the transverse soil cleaning amount of the soil cleaning device on the inner side is adjusted.
The wind power soil cleaning device is composed of a frequency converter, a controller, a motor, a fan, an air pipe, an angle adjusting rod, an angle adjusting knob, an air port, a dust suppression curtain and a dust cover. The motor is arranged on the surface of the rack and positioned behind the large rectangular through hole on the surface of the rack, the output shaft of the motor is connected with the fan positioned above the large rectangular through hole on the surface of the rack, the air outlet of the fan is connected with the air pipe, the air pipe stretches into the small rectangular through hole on the surface of the rack and penetrates through the rear side installation cavity to be connected with the initial end of the air port, the middle part of the air port is connected with the angle adjusting rod, the angle adjusting rod is arranged on the connecting rod between the two guide rails by virtue of threads, the angle adjusting knob is arranged above the angle adjusting rod, the dust cover is welded at the middle part of the rack, and the dust limiting range of the dust cover is distributed by taking the air port as the center; the dust suppression curtain is arranged at the tail end of the air port by a ring clamp; the frequency converter is arranged on the surface of the frame and is positioned on the left side of the motor; the software control end sends an instruction to the controller, and the controller controls the frequency converter according to the instruction sent by the software control end, so that the rotating speed of the motor is changed, and the air pressure and the air volume are adjusted.
The power system consists of a hydraulic pump, an internal combustion engine and a hydraulic oil tank which are all arranged on the surface of the frame. The hydraulic pump is located in front of the fan, the internal combustion engine is mounted on the right side of the hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic oil tank is mounted on the right side of the motor. The internal combustion engine drives a hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump provides adjusting power for the first hydraulic device, the second hydraulic device and the third hydraulic device.
The limiting system consists of a third hydraulic device, a third sensor, a third electromagnetic valve, a land wheel and a controller. The top end of the third hydraulic device is fixedly connected with the tail end of the rack, and the tail end of the third hydraulic device is fixedly connected with the supporting rod; the land wheel is arranged in a cavity below the supporting rod; and the third sensor is arranged in the middle position at the tail end of the rack. The third sensor sends the acquired information to the controller, and the controller controls the third electromagnetic valve according to the information fed back by the third sensor, so that the expansion and contraction of the third hydraulic device are controlled. When the distance information fed back to the controller by the third sensor is too small, the controller controls the third electromagnetic valve to enable the third hydraulic device to ascend, and the chassis ascends by matching with a hydraulic lifting device of the tractor, so that the longitudinal soil cleaning amount of the scraper is reduced. On the contrary, the controller controls the third hydraulic device to retract, the hydraulic lifting device of the tractor descends, and the chassis descends, so that the longitudinal soil removal is increased.
The controller is arranged on the surface of the frame and positioned on the right side of the internal combustion engine; the power supply is arranged on the surface of the rack and is arranged in front of the controller. The first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve are arranged on the surface of the rack and are arranged behind the controller in parallel. The controller, the sensor and the electromagnetic valve are powered by a power supply.
The invention adopts the composite soil clearing, the soil clearing effect is greatly improved, and the vine digging basically realizes the unmanned and mechanized operation.
According to the invention, the soil is cleaned once by using a contact type soil cleaning mode, the upper soil cleaning scraper removes a certain amount of upper soil, the inner soil cleaning scraper cleans inner soil, the width and the height of a soil ridge are reduced, the subsequent non-contact type soil cleaning amount is greatly reduced, and the wind power soil cleaning is ensured.
The soil cleaning device at the inner side of the invention adopts a guide rail type, and the sliding guide rail can slide relatively through the guide wheel. For the different soil ridges of overall dimension, the controller can control the flexible volume of the clear native device of inside soil through controlling second hydraulic means, realizes the regulation of clear native volume, makes the reserve native volume reach preset's standard, and clear native effect is better.
The flexible piece is arranged on the soil cleaning scraper at the inner side of the soil cleaning scraper, and can play a role in shearing soil, reduce the granularity and cohesion of the soil, loosen the soil and reduce the soil cleaning difficulty in a non-contact soil cleaning stage.
According to the invention, wind power soil removal is adopted for non-contact soil removal, and is used as the last soil removal process, so that the damage to vines is small, the remained soil amount is small, and the auxiliary soil removal is hardly needed manually.
For solving the problem of environmental pollution, the dust suppression curtain of the device adopts a special structure with gaps distributed discontinuously, effectively changes the concentrated position of the air quantity of the air outlet and the dispersion range of impact, and has good effect on reducing dust flying; a dust cover is arranged at a divergence point of soil during wind power soil cleaning, the soil is basically positioned in the dust cover when being scattered and ejected, the dust cover is a closed cavity relative to scattered soil, kinetic energy of the soil is attenuated in the dust cover and finally accumulated in a controllable area, and the dust cover has important influence on reduction of pollution to the environment during operation of the device.
The device is provided with the frequency converter for the fan, and according to different soil conditions, workers can adjust the frequency converter to change the rotating speed of the motor, so that the air output and the air pressure of the fan are adjusted, the energy consumption is reduced, and the pollution caused by dust flying under loose soil is also reduced.
This device is equipped with spacing system. Aiming at the conditions of severe walking condition and unstable longitudinal soil removal amount during running in the field, the limiting system of the device can well control the distance between the chassis and the ground, so that the longitudinal soil removal amount is in a relatively stable state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: 1. the method can adapt to planting row spacing of different vineyards; 2. soil cleaning is completed at one time; 3. the pollution problem caused by wind power soil cleaning is considered and solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic isometric view of an apparatus embodying the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of an apparatus embodying the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an inside soil removal device of an apparatus embodying the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a gantry;
in the figure: 1-a fan, 2-a motor, 3-a hydraulic oil tank, 4-a third sensor, 5-a guide wheel, 6-a sliding guide rail, 7-a third hydraulic device, 8-a ground wheel, 9-a dust cover, 10-a power supply, 11-a first sensor, 12-a second sensor, 13-a rod mechanism, 14-a soil cleaning scraper, 15-an inner soil cleaning scraper (comprising a primary soil cleaning scraper and a secondary soil cleaning scraper), 16-a first electromagnetic valve, 17-a second electromagnetic valve, 18-a third electromagnetic valve, 19-a hydraulic pump, 20-an adjusting push rod, 21-a second hydraulic device, 22-a frequency converter, 23-an air pipe, 24-an internal combustion engine, 25-a controller, 26-an inner soil cleaning device supporting seat, 27-a first hydraulic device, 28-second scraper connecting rod, 29-primary soil cleaning scraper, 30-flexible component, 31-angle adjusting knob, 32-first scraper connecting rod, 33-angle adjusting rod, 34-air port, 35-dust suppression curtain, 36-secondary soil cleaning scraper and 37-frame.
Detailed Description
The specific mechanism of use of the present invention is described in detail below. All figures are schematic and intended to describe the principle of operation of this patent. The device is dragged by a tractor when in operation, an operation screen is arranged in a tractor room, and the purpose of automatic control and manual control can be achieved on edited operation software, so that the device has good intelligent level and is better suitable for the operation environment.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for practicing the present invention;
in the invention, the original devices are connected without special requirements (a controller, a frequency converter, an electromagnetic valve and the like) unless specified otherwise; data collected by the sensor are transmitted to the controller through the data line, the controller sends out control instructions (all data transmission adopts the data line), and the software control end is arranged in the cab.
Example 1.
Preferably, the upper layer soil cleaning device comprises a upper layer soil cleaning scraper 14, a rod mechanism 13, a first hydraulic device 27, a controller 25, a first electromagnetic valve 16 and a first sensor 11. The rod mechanism 13 and the first hydraulic device 27 are arranged in a mounting cavity at the front side of the frame; a push rod of the first hydraulic device 27 is connected with the rod mechanism, the upper soil cleaning scraper 14 is positioned at the right side of the rod mechanism and is connected with the rod mechanism 13, the upper soil cleaning scraper 14 can rotate, and the push rod of the first hydraulic device 27 pushes the rod mechanism 13 so as to push the upper soil cleaning scraper 14 to move, so that the obstacle avoidance of the upper soil cleaning scraper 14 and the adjustment of the soil cleaning state are realized; the first sensor 11 is installed at the tail end of the right-end traction rod, and the controller 25 and the first electromagnetic valve 27 are installed on the surface of the machine frame. The equipment is pulled by a tractor to advance, and when the equipment does not meet an obstacle in operation, the upper soil cleaning scraper 14 forms 135 degrees with the advancing direction and starts to clean soil. When the first sensor 11 acquires information of the obstacle, the information is transmitted to the controller 25, and the controller 25 controls the first electromagnetic valve 16, so that the first hydraulic device 27 is controlled to retract, and the upper cleaning scraper 14 executes an obstacle avoidance command. After passing through the obstacle, the controller 25 determines the information collected by the first sensor 11 again to control the first solenoid valve 16, so that the first hydraulic device extends out, and the upper soil cleaning scraper 14 is in the soil cleaning state again, and the steps are repeated in sequence.
Preferably, the inner soil cleaning device comprises a controller 25, a sliding guide rail 6, a guide wheel 5, an inner soil cleaning scraper 15, a second hydraulic device 21, a second electromagnetic valve 17, a second sensor 12, a flexible flexing member 30, a first scraper connecting rod 32 and a second scraper connecting rod 28; the inner soil cleaning scraper 15 consists of a primary soil cleaning scraper 29 and a secondary soil cleaning scraper 36; the number of the guide wheels 5 is four, and the guide wheels are fixed in a mounting cavity at the rear side of the rack by bolts; the sliding guide rail 6 is matched with the guide wheel 5; the cylinder body of the second hydraulic device 21 is fixed on the frame, the push rod of the second hydraulic device is connected with the guide rail 6, and the push rod stretches and retracts to drive the sliding guide rail 6 to slide left and right; the second sensor 12 is arranged at the middle end of the right-end traction rod, and the height of the second sensor is consistent with that of the first sensor 11; the first scraper connecting rod 32 is welded below the sliding guide rail 6 and is vertical to the sliding guide rail; the secondary soil cleaning scraper 36 is fixed below the first scraper connecting rod 32 by bolts and forms an angle of 30 degrees with the advancing direction; the second scraper connecting rod 28 is welded on the secondary soil cleaning scraper 36; the primary soil removal scraper 29 is connected with the secondary soil removal scraper 36 by a second scraper connecting rod 28 and is parallel to the secondary soil removal scraper 36; the flexible bending piece 30 is welded on the outer side of the primary soil cleaning scraper 29; the second solenoid valve 17 is mounted on the surface of the frame 37. When the soil cleaning scraper 15 at the inner side is in a soil cleaning state, the flexible parts 30 go deep into soil ridges, and the distance between the flexible parts 30 is larger than 5cm, so that the purpose of avoiding grape vines is achieved, and the flexible parts 30 are prevented from directly damaging the vines; the flexible bending part 30 is made of spring steel, the elasticity of the flexible bending part is smaller than the shearing resistance of the deposited hard block soil with the thickness of about 18cm of the local soil ridge, and the phenomenon that the hard objects such as stones cause the overstocked soil on the inner side to indirectly damage the grape vines is prevented. After the primary soil removal of the inner side is completed, the ridges begin to collapse, and then the secondary soil removal scraper 36 removes the collapsed soil, directing the soil to the left.
Preferably, in the traction advancing process of the tractor, if the traction direction deviates from the soil ridges, the controller 25 controls the second electromagnetic valve 17 within a certain range, so that the second hydraulic device 21 pushes the soil cleaning amount adjusting push rod 20 of the inner soil cleaning device, and the inner soil cleaning device slides around the 4 guide wheels 5 to adjust the soil cleaning amount; if the deviation position is larger, the controller 25 can automatically give an alarm to remind a driver to control the tractor to deviate from the soil ridge, so that the tractor can be adjusted to move forward, and the condition that the soil cleaning device does not have a load or cannot reach the soil cleaning standard due to less soil cleaning is avoided.
Preferably, the wind power soil cleaning device consists of a frequency converter 22, a controller 25, a motor 2, a fan 1, an air pipe 23, an angle adjusting rod 33, an angle adjusting knob 31, an air port 34, a dust suppression curtain 35 and a dust cover 9. The motor 2 is arranged on the surface of the rack 37 and is positioned behind the large rectangular through hole on the surface of the rack, the output shaft of the motor 2 is connected with the fan 1 positioned above the large rectangular through hole on the surface of the rack, the air outlet of the fan 1 is connected with the air pipe 23, the air pipe 23 extends into the small rectangular through hole on the surface of the rack 37 and penetrates through the rear side installation cavity to be connected with the initial end of the air inlet 34, the middle part of the air inlet 34 is connected with the angle adjusting rod 31, the angle adjusting rod 33 is arranged on the connecting rod in the middle of the two sliding guide rails by virtue of threads, the angle adjusting knob 31 is arranged above the angle adjusting rod 33, the dust cover 9 is welded at the middle part of the rack 37, and the dust limiting range of the dust cover is distributed by taking the air inlet 34 as the center; the dust suppression curtain 35 is arranged at the tail end of the air port 34 by using an annular clamp and extends into the dust cover; the frequency converter 22 is mounted on the surface of the frame 37, on the left side of the motor 2. When the soil cohesion is large, workers can adjust the soil through the software end, and after the controller 25 receives an instruction of the software end, the frequency converter 22 is controlled, so that the rotating speed of the motor is increased, and the air volume and the air pressure are increased; on the contrary, when the soil cohesion is small, the controller 25 controls the frequency converter 22 to adjust the rotating speed of the motor 2, so as to adjust the air output and the air pressure of the fan 1. Thus, the energy consumption is reduced, and the pollution caused by dust flying under loose soil is also reduced. After the fan 1 is started, wind is conveyed to the air port 34 through the air pipe 23, the air pipe is not easy to overlong, the loss of wind flow power is reduced, the air port 34 is in a flat shape, the width is 5cm, the height is 20cm, and the diffusion degree of a wind flow field of the air outlet is reduced through the structure; the dust suppression curtains 35 are distributed at intervals and are used for guiding and reducing kinetic energy generated when the soil is splashed after being removed. The dust cover 9 is welded on the frame, the dust limiting range of the dust cover is distributed by taking the air port 34 as the center, the scattered field where dust flies is basically located at the position of the dust cover 9, and the kinetic energy of the soil with relatively large granularity is basically attenuated to zero in the dust cover and then deposited. The soil with smaller particle size floats in the air, and the particles gradually accumulate and grow larger and then fall down as the dust cover advances.
Preferably, the limit system is composed of a third hydraulic device 7, a third sensor 4, a third solenoid valve 18, a land wheel 8 and a controller 25. The top end of the third hydraulic device 7 is fixedly connected with the tail end of the rack, and the tail end of the third hydraulic device is fixedly connected with the supporting rod; the land wheel 8 is arranged in a cavity below the supporting rod; and the third sensor 4 is installed in the middle of the tail end of the frame 37. The third sensor 4 detects the distance from the chassis to the ground, when the distance information fed back to the controller by the third sensor 4 is too small, the controller 25 controls the third electromagnetic valve 18 to enable the third hydraulic device 7 to ascend, and the chassis ascends by being matched with a hydraulic lifting device of a tractor, so that the longitudinal soil removal amount of the scraper is reduced. On the contrary, the controller 25 controls the third hydraulic device 7 to retract, the hydraulic lifting device of the tractor descends, and the chassis descends, so that the longitudinal soil removal is increased.
Preferably, the power system is composed of a hydraulic pump 19, an internal combustion engine 24 and a hydraulic oil tank group 3 which are all arranged on the surface of the frame. The hydraulic pump 19 is positioned in front of the fan 1; the internal combustion engine 24 is mounted on the right side of the hydraulic pump 19, and the hydraulic oil tank 3 is mounted on the right side of the electric motor 2. The internal combustion engine 24 drives a hydraulic pump 19, which hydraulic pump 19 supplies the first hydraulic unit 16, the second hydraulic unit 17 and the third hydraulic unit 18 with regulating power.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the front end of the combined type intelligent grape vine and soil removing device is provided with the three-point suspension traction rods, the hydraulic lifting device of the tractor is used for realizing suspension and separation from the ground when the device does not work, and the longitudinal height of the device can be well adjusted by matching with the limiting system when the device works. The second sensor 12 is an infrared sensor, and the first sensor 11 and the third sensor 4 are distance sensors. The sensors, solenoid valves and controller 25 are powered by the power supply 10.
The main working part of the upper soil cleaning device is an upper soil cleaning scraper 14, and the obstacle avoidance is realized by a rod mechanism 13 of the upper soil cleaning device, a first sensor 11, a controller 25 and a first hydraulic device 27, so that the effects of continuous soil cleaning and automatic obstacle avoidance can be achieved, and the obstacle avoidance device is not influenced by the distance between obstacles. In order to ensure the stability of the upper soil cleaning amount on the severe running road conditions, the limiting system mainly comprises a third hydraulic device 7, a third electromagnetic valve 18 and a controller 25, and the longitudinal soil cleaning amount is well adjusted.
The sliding guide rail 6 of the inner soil cleaning device is connected with the guide wheel 5, the adjustment of the inner soil cleaning amount is realized by the second hydraulic device 21, the second electromagnetic valve 17 and the controller 25, and meanwhile, the flexible piece 30 realizes the loosening of soil.
According to different soil conditions, after instructions are input from a software end, the controller 25 controls the frequency converter 22 to adjust the rotating speed of the motor 2, so that the aim of controlling the air volume and the air pressure is fulfilled. After the fan 1 is started, wind is conveyed to the wind port 34 by the wind pipe 23, the dust suppression curtain 35 preliminarily controls the divergence degree of a wind field, the dust cover 9 carries out secondary control on the flying dust, the flying dust is limited in a relatively closed space by the dust cover, the kinetic energy is used up and the deposition with large particle size is obtained along with the dust cover along with the lapse of time, and the deposition is carried out when the particle size is accumulated to be large enough.
The device specifically comprises the following steps when soil is cleaned:
initially, the upper soil cleaning scraper 14 is at an obstacle avoidance position, the first sensor 11 detects an obstacle, and when the distance between the obstacle and the device exceeds a set control distance, the controller 25 controls the first electromagnetic valve 16 to enable the first hydraulic device 27 to push the rod mechanism 13, and the upper soil cleaning scraper 14 starts to clean soil, so that the operation is repeated; the clear device of the inside soil begins work afterwards, and second sensor 12 detects the distance of clear device and soil ridge, and after the controller received the second sensor 12 signal, control second solenoid valve 17, the flexible volume of adjustment second hydraulic means 21, the regulation and control of the volume of clearing soil began the clear soil of inboard, and flexible piece 30 inserts inside the soil ridge, loosens the soil, makes follow-up wind-force clear soil become easy relatively, and the secondary clear soil scraper 36 clears out the soil after collapsing afterwards. After the fan 1 is started, wind is exhausted from the wind port 34, passes through the dust suppression curtain 35 and interacts with soil, the soil is removed to expose grape vines, and most scattered soil is controlled in a preset area by the dust cover 9. By this point, the entire process is complete.
Claims (7)
1. A combined type intelligent grape vine-raising and soil-removing device is characterized by comprising a rack, an upper soil-removing device, an inner soil-removing device, a wind-power soil-removing device, a power system and a limiting system;
the front end of the rack is provided with three traction rods, one traction rod is arranged in the middle of the front end of the rack, and the other traction rod is arranged on two sides of the front end of the rack; a front side installation cavity and a rear side installation cavity are arranged below the surface of the rack, and two rectangular through holes are formed in the surface of the rack corresponding to the rear side installation cavity;
the upper soil cleaning device comprises an upper soil cleaning scraper, a rod mechanism, a first hydraulic device, a controller, a first electromagnetic valve and a first sensor; the rod mechanism and the first hydraulic device are arranged in a mounting cavity at the front side of the frame; the push rod of the first hydraulic device is connected with the rod mechanism, the upper soil cleaning scraper is positioned on the right side of the rod mechanism and connected with the rod mechanism, the upper soil cleaning scraper can rotate, and the push rod of the first hydraulic device pushes the rod mechanism so as to push the upper soil cleaning scraper to move, so that the obstacle avoidance of the upper soil cleaning scraper and the adjustment of the soil cleaning state are realized; the first sensor is arranged at the tail end of the right traction rod, and the controller and the first electromagnetic valve are arranged on the surface of the rack; after acquiring a signal of the obstacle, the first sensor transmits the signal to the controller, and the controller controls the first electromagnetic valve after judging so as to control the retraction of the push rod of the first hydraulic device and pull the rod mechanism to realize obstacle avoidance of the upper soil cleaning scraper; when the return value of the first sensor is empty, the situation that no barrier exists is indicated, the controller controls the first electromagnetic valve, so that the push rod of the first hydraulic device is controlled to extend out, and the push rod mechanism is pushed to realize the state that the upper soil cleaning scraper plate continues to clean soil;
the inner side soil cleaning device comprises a controller, a sliding guide rail, a guide wheel, an inner side soil cleaning scraper, a second hydraulic device, a second electromagnetic valve, a second sensor and a scraper connecting rod; the inner soil cleaning scraper consists of a primary soil cleaning scraper and a secondary soil cleaning scraper; the four guide wheels are fixed in a mounting cavity at the rear side of the rack by bolts; the sliding guide rail is matched with the guide wheel; the cylinder body of the second hydraulic device is fixed on the rack, the push rod of the second hydraulic device is connected with the sliding guide rail, and the push rod stretches and retracts to drive the sliding guide rail to slide left and right; the second sensor is arranged at the middle end of the right traction rod, and the height of the second sensor is consistent with that of the first sensor; the first scraper connecting rod is welded below the guide rail and is vertical to the guide rail; the secondary soil cleaning scraper is fixed on the first scraper connecting rod by a bolt; the second scraper connecting rod is welded on the secondary soil cleaning scraper; the primary soil cleaning scraper is connected with the secondary soil cleaning scraper by a second scraper connecting rod and is parallel to the secondary soil cleaning scraper; the second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the surface of the rack; the signal of the second sensor is transmitted to the controller, and the controller controls the second electromagnetic valve after judging so as to control the second hydraulic device, realize the left-right sliding of the sliding guide rail and adjust the transverse soil cleaning amount of the soil cleaning device at the inner side;
the wind power soil cleaning device consists of a frequency converter, a controller, a motor, a fan, an air pipe, an angle adjusting rod, an angle adjusting knob, an air port, a dust suppression curtain and a dust cover; the motor is arranged on the surface of the rack and positioned behind the large rectangular through hole on the surface of the rack, an output shaft of the motor is connected with the fan positioned above the large rectangular through hole on the surface of the rack, an air outlet of the fan is connected with the air pipe, the air pipe stretches into the small rectangular through hole on the surface of the rack and penetrates through the rear side installation cavity to be connected with the initial end of the air port, the middle part of the air port is connected with the angle adjusting rod, the angle adjusting rod is arranged on the connecting rod between the two guide rails by virtue of threads, the angle adjusting knob is arranged above the angle adjusting rod, the dust cover is welded at the middle part of the rack, and the dust limiting range of the dust cover is distributed by taking the air port as the center; the dust suppression curtain is arranged at the tail end of the air port by a ring clamp; the frequency converter is arranged on the surface of the frame and is positioned on the left side of the motor; the software control end sends an instruction to the controller, and the controller controls the frequency converter according to the instruction sent by the software control end, so that the rotating speed of the motor is changed, and the adjustment of wind pressure and wind volume is realized;
the limiting system consists of a third hydraulic device, a third sensor, a third electromagnetic valve, a land wheel and a controller; the top end of the third hydraulic device is fixedly connected with the tail end of the rack, and the tail end of the third hydraulic device is fixedly connected with the supporting rod; the land wheel is arranged in a cavity below the supporting rod; the third sensor is arranged in the middle position of the tail end of the rack; the third sensor sends the acquired information to the controller, and the controller controls the third electromagnetic valve according to the information fed back by the third sensor, so that the expansion and contraction of the third hydraulic device are controlled; when the distance information fed back to the controller by the third sensor is too small, the controller controls the third electromagnetic valve to enable the third hydraulic device to ascend, and the chassis ascends by matching with a hydraulic lifting device of the tractor, so that the longitudinal soil cleaning amount of the scraper is reduced; otherwise, the controller controls the third hydraulic device to retract, the hydraulic lifting device of the tractor descends, and the chassis descends, so that the longitudinal soil removal is increased;
the power system provides adjusting power for the first hydraulic device, the second hydraulic device and the third hydraulic device.
2. The combined type intelligent grape vine-lifting and soil-removing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power system is composed of a hydraulic pump, an internal combustion engine and a hydraulic oil tank, all of which are installed on the surface of the frame; the hydraulic pump is positioned in front of the fan, the internal combustion engine is arranged on the right side of the hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic oil tank is arranged on the right side of the motor; the internal combustion engine drives a hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump provides adjusting power for the first hydraulic device, the second hydraulic device and the third hydraulic device.
3. The combined type intelligent grape vine-lifting and soil-removing device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the controller is mounted on the surface of the frame and positioned on the right side of the internal combustion engine; the power supply is arranged on the surface of the frame and is arranged in front of the controller; the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve are arranged on the surface of the rack and are arranged behind the controller in parallel; the controller, the sensor and the electromagnetic valve are powered by a power supply.
4. The combined type intelligent grape vine-lifting soil-removing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the secondary soil-removing scraper is at 30 ° to the advancing direction.
5. The combined type intelligent grape vine-lifting soil-removing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a flexible flexing member is welded to the outer side of the primary soil-removing scraper.
6. The combined type intelligent grape vine-raising and soil-clearing device as claimed in claim 5, wherein when the inner soil-clearing scraper is in a soil-clearing state, the flexible members go deep into the soil ridges, and the distance between the middle of the flexible members is greater than 5cm, so as to avoid grape vines and avoid the flexible members from directly damaging the vines; the flexible part is made of spring steel.
7. The combined type intelligent grape vine-lifting and soil-removing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the cohesion of the soil becomes large, the adjustment is performed through the software control end, and after the controller receives an instruction from the software control end, the frequency converter is controlled so as to increase the rotation speed of the motor and increase the air volume and the air pressure; otherwise, when the soil cohesion is reduced, the controller controls the frequency converter to adjust the rotating speed of the motor, so that the air output and the air pressure of the fan are adjusted; after the fan is started, wind is conveyed to the wind port through the wind pipe, and the wind port is flat; the dust suppression curtains are distributed at intervals, and the purpose is to guide the flow and reduce the kinetic energy generated when the soil is splashed after being cleaned; the dust cover welds in the frame, and its limit dirt scope distributes with the wind gap center, and the scattered field that dust flies upward is located the dust cover position, and the kinetic energy of the relatively great soil of granularity basically attenuates to zero in the dust cover, and the less soil of deposit granularity floats in the air thereupon, and along with the dust cover advances, these particles accumulate the grow gradually and descend afterwards.
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| CN201911124576.8A CN111011100B (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2019-11-18 | Combined type intelligence grape plays rattan soil removal device |
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| CN201911124576.8A CN111011100B (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2019-11-18 | Combined type intelligence grape plays rattan soil removal device |
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| CN111011100A CN111011100A (en) | 2020-04-17 |
| CN111011100B true CN111011100B (en) | 2021-11-23 |
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| CN113853842B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-08-26 | 江苏叁拾叁信息技术有限公司 | Intelligent grape vine-pulling soil-clearing equipment |
| CN114342584B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-08-22 | 长沙市雅美生态农业有限公司 | Intelligent grape vine is with clear native device |
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