CN111011011B

CN111011011B - Forage grass grading and conveying device

Info

Publication number: CN111011011B
Application number: CN201911392628.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨曌; 徐艳霞; 李莎莎; 李红; 王晓龙; 柴华; 张杨; 冯鹏; 郑海燕; 杨伟光; 其他发明人请求不公开姓名
Original assignee: Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2019-12-30
Filing date: 2019-12-30
Publication date: 2022-03-11
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-30
Also published as: CN111011011A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, in particular to a pasture grading and conveying device which comprises an auger, wherein the auger comprises a barrel, a rotating shaft arranged in the barrel and helical blades arranged on the rotating shaft, sealing plates are further arranged at two ends of the barrel, a bearing used for supporting the rotating shaft is arranged on each sealing plate, a feeding hopper is arranged on the upper side of the side wall at one end of the barrel, a discharging port is arranged on the lower side of the side wall at the other end of the barrel, a long-strip-shaped notch is arranged on the lower side of the barrel along the bus direction of the barrel, and the width of the long-strip-shaped notch is 1/4-3/4 of the diameter of a stem of a conveyed pasture. In this application, the diameter of the grass stalks is the diameter of the middle part of the grass stalks in the mature period. The application discloses hierarchical conveyor realizes the separation of stalk segment and blade to, when the stalk segment passed the breach, the stalk broke, so still made things convenient for follow-up work of carrying out the drying to the stalk segment by a wide margin.

Description

Forage grass grading and conveying device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, in particular to a forage grass grading and conveying device.

Background

Pasture is the basis for the development of livestock and poultry production, particularly herbivorous livestock production. The pasture grass not only contains various nutrient substances necessary for livestock, but also contains crude fiber which is particularly important for maintaining the health of ruminant livestock, and the crude fiber cannot be replaced by grain and other feeds. The high-quality forage can completely meet the nutritional requirements of common livestock, and concentrated feed is not required to be supplemented if the forage is not in the production or fattening period. Many tests have shown that if the forage quality is too low, the milk yield of cattle tends to decrease no matter how much concentrate is supplemented, so that the quality of pasture is of great importance for animal husbandry.

Because fresh pasture is inconvenient to store and transport, drying the pasture is an important work in livestock breeding at present. For grass drying, natural drying and artificial drying are generally included. The natural drying utilizes the sun and natural wind to dry the pasture, although the drying cost is low, the natural drying usually needs a long time, the air temperature of the pasture is not high, the death of cells in the pasture is a slow process, and the plant cells and microorganisms can consume a large amount of nutrient substances in the pasture, so the quality of the pasture is seriously reduced, and further the artificial drying is increasingly widely used in large-scale high-quality livestock breeding.

In the current manual grass drying work, the procedure is that the grass is cut into sections after being harvested, and then the grass is quickly dehydrated and dried by blowing hot air, and in the actual grass drying work, the inventor finds that the current grass drying method has the defects as follows:

for pasture, the contents of nutrient components in the leaves and the stalks are obviously different, the protein content in the leaves is higher than that in the stalks, and the content of crude fibers in the leaves is lower, so the pasture is more suitable for young animals; the content of crude fiber in the stalk is higher, so the stalk is more suitable for feeding adult livestock. However, in current grass drying and storage, there is no distinction between the leaves and stalks of grass, i.e., the resulting dried grass contains both stalks and leaves. Not only is it impossible to feed young and adult livestock with different pasture as described above; moreover, after the pasture is dried, the dried stalks have high hardness, and the young animals are usually difficult to eat, so when the dry pasture is used for feeding the young animals, on one hand, a large amount of waste exists, and on the other hand, the young animals are difficult to digest the stalks, so that the problems of dyspepsia and the like are caused; on the other hand, the water content of the stalks is larger, and the water content of the leaves is relatively lower, so that the problem of uneven drying exists in the drying process of the current pasture grass, particularly for pasture grass with larger stalk diameter, such as pennisetum hydridum and elephant grass, the stalks are too thick relative to the leaves, and the problems of insufficient drying of the stalk parts, mildew and the like often occur.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: aiming at the defects that in the existing pasture drying work, the respective feeding of young livestock and adult livestock cannot be realized due to the mixing of blades and stalks, and the uneven drying easily caused in the process of young livestock dyspepsia and pasture drying, the drying equipment capable of separating and drying the blades and the stalks of the pasture is provided.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a hierarchical conveyor of forage grass, includes the auger, the auger includes the barrel, sets up pivot in the barrel is in with the setting change epaxial helical blade the barrel both ends still are provided with the shrouding, be provided with on the shrouding and be used for supporting the bearing of pivot the barrel wherein the lateral wall upside of one end is provided with the feeder hopper, and the lateral wall downside of the other end is provided with the discharge gate the barrel downside is provided with the edge the rectangular form breach of barrel generating line direction, the width of rectangular form breach is 1/4 ~ 3/4 for being carried pasture grass stem diameter. In this application, the diameter of the grass stalks is the diameter of the middle part of the grass stalks in the mature period.

Preferably, the edges of the helical blades are rounded.

Preferably, the outer sides of the cylinders on two sides of the long notch are provided with first grooves.

Preferably, the first bevel extends to the inner wall of the cylinder, so that the inner side of the elongated notch is in a blade shape.

Preferably, the inner sides of the cylinders on two sides of the long notch are provided with second grooves.

Preferably, the depth of the second groove is 1/4-3/4 of the diameter of the stalks to be conveyed.

Preferably, the first bevel extends to be in contact with the second bevel, and a blade shape is formed at a contact portion between a side wall of the first bevel and a side wall of the second bevel.

Preferably, a plurality of cutting blocks are further arranged in the long-strip-shaped notch, the side wall of each cutting block is matched with the side wall of the first groove and the side wall of the second groove, and one side, facing the inside of the cylinder, of each cutting block does not exceed the inner wall surface of the cylinder.

Preferably, the side of the cutting block facing the inside of the cylinder is blade-shaped.

Preferably, the cutting block is in sliding fit with the elongated notch.

Preferably, the number of the strip-shaped notches is two, and the two strip-shaped notches are parallel.

Preferably, the spiral blades are further provided with extrusion rollers which are cylindrical, the side walls of the extrusion rollers are in clearance fit with the inner wall of the cylinder body, and the central axes of the extrusion rollers are parallel to the central axis of the rotating shaft.

Preferably, the squeeze roll comprises a plurality of squeeze roll segments, and both ends of each squeeze roll segment are in rotary fit with the helical blades.

Preferably, the squeeze roll comprises a plurality of squeeze roll segments, and both ends of the squeeze roll segments are welded to the spiral blades.

Preferably, the long strip-shaped notch penetrates from one end of the barrel to the other end of the barrel, the barrel is obliquely arranged, one end of the feed hopper is a lower end, one end of the discharge port is a higher end, and a liquid accumulating box with an opened upper side is arranged below the lower end of the long strip-shaped notch.

Preferably, the lower end of the rotating shaft penetrates out of the sealing plate, an air blowing hole is formed in the end portion of the rotating shaft, the air blowing hole extends along the central axis of the rotating shaft, the length of the air blowing hole is 1/4-3/4 of the length of the rotating shaft, a plurality of exhaust holes are further formed in the portion, located in the barrel, of the rotating shaft, the exhaust holes are arranged in the radial direction of the rotating shaft, one end of each exhaust hole is communicated with the air blowing hole, the other end of each exhaust hole is communicated with the inner space of the barrel, and the diameter of each exhaust hole is 2-5 mm.

Preferably, on the same cross section perpendicular to the central axis of the rotating shaft, the exhaust holes are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the central axis of the rotating shaft, and the adjacent exhaust holes are separated.

Preferably, the density of the exhaust holes is gradually reduced in a direction from low to high of the rotating shaft.

The application also discloses a forage grass grading and drying system,

including foretell hierarchical conveyor, still include forage grass dissection device and first hot-blast apparatus, forage grass dissection device's bin outlet is located the feeder hopper top, first hot-blast apparatus is used for court the epaxial blast hole drum of commentaries on classics goes into hot-blastly the below of the long form breach of barrel still be provided with length with the silo that connects of long form breach looks adaptation, connect the slope of silo to set up connect the lower one end below of silo still to be provided with drying device, drying device be used for the drying by connect silo exhaust material.

Preferably, the drying device comprises a drying cylinder and a second hot air device, the upper end of the drying cylinder is open and is located below the lower end of the material receiving groove, an air outlet of the second hot air device is communicated with the lower portion of the drying cylinder, and hot air is blown into the drying cylinder from the lower portion of the drying cylinder.

Preferably, the bottom plate of the drying cylinder is of a funnel-shaped structure with a large top and a small bottom, an air inlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the drying cylinder, and the air inlet pipe is communicated with an air outlet of the second hot air device.

Preferably, a plurality of bottom-to-top spiral guide plate segments are further arranged on the inner wall of the drying cylinder.

Preferably, there is at least one said baffle segment in any vertical direction of the inner wall of the dryer cylinder.

The application also discloses a pasture grading and drying method, which comprises the following steps:

step one, harvesting forage grass: comprises a first harvesting and a second harvesting,

the first harvesting is as follows: harvesting the upper part of the pasture 20-30 days before the theoretical harvesting period of the pasture; after the first harvest is finished, irrigating and fertilizing;

the second harvesting is as follows: the pasture is completely cut off 30 to 40 days after the first harvest is finished,

and step two, drying the pasture, namely drying the pasture obtained by the first harvesting to obtain young animal pasture, grading the pasture harvested for the second time to separate leaves and stems of the pasture, then drying the leaves and the stems respectively to obtain the young animal pasture, drying the stems to independently serve as adult livestock pasture, or drying the stems and mixing the dried stems with partially dried leaves to serve as adult livestock pasture.

Preferably, in the first harvesting, the height of the cut grass is 1/3-1/2 of the height of the whole grass.

Preferably, in the second step, the second harvested pasture is dried by using the pasture grading and drying system.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the grading conveying device drives the rotating shaft to rotate through an external driving device, such as a motor, the cut or crushed forage grass is fed into the feed hopper, the forage grass enters the barrel from the feed hopper, the rotating shaft drives the spiral blade to rotate, and then the end of the forage grass segment where the feed hopper is located is pushed to the discharge port, in the process, the forage grass segment rolls along with the spiral blade and the rotating shaft, as the strip-shaped notch is arranged on the lower side of the barrel, the stalk segment has higher specific gravity compared with the blades and is generally smoother in outer wall, so the stalk segment sinks on the lower side of the barrel and is partially sunk into the strip-shaped notch, in the rotating process of the spiral blade, the stalk segment is extruded, the stalk segment is broken and is forced to enter the notch, and then passes through the notch under the pushing of the subsequent stalk segment, and in such a way, the separation of the stalk segment and the blades is realized, when the stalk segments pass through the notches, the stalks are also broken under the extrusion and shearing actions of the helical blades, the edges of the notches and the side walls of the notches, so that the subsequent drying work of the stalk segments is greatly facilitated, and the drying time of the stalk segments is greatly shortened, so that the scheme is particularly suitable for grass with larger diameter stalks and difficult stalk drying, such as grassiness and pennisetum hydridum;

in the scheme of this application, the outside of rectangular form breach both sides barrel is provided with first groove. The arrangement of the first groove reduces the friction of the stalk segments passing through the long-strip-shaped gap, is beneficial to the stalk segments to pass through the gap and reduces the risk of blockage of the gap; and the first groove extends to the inner wall of the cylinder body, so that the inner side of the long strip-shaped notch is in a blade shape. The stalk segments are strip-shaped and are similar to the shape of a circumference, and the inner wall of the cylinder body is a cylindrical surface, so that along with the turning of the helical blade, the parts of the length directions of the stalk segments, which are consistent with the length direction of the long-strip-shaped gap, are sunk into the long-strip-shaped gap;

in the scheme of the application, the arrangement of the squeezing roller can more fully turn over the forage grass in the barrel when the squeezing roller rotates along with the spiral blade, the edge blade and the stalk segment are separated, and the squeezing of the stalk segment is enhanced;

in the scheme of the application, hot air is blown into the blast hole through the hot air device, the hot air enters the barrel body, a large amount of forage grass exists in the feed hopper and the barrel body, the strip-shaped gap is covered by the forage grass, particularly, the stalk segments exist, so that most of the hot air is still discharged from the discharge hole, in the process, the helical blades continuously turn over the forage grass in the barrel body, extremely sufficient heat exchange is formed between the hot air and the forage grass, water in the forage grass is taken away, and further, the drying of the forage grass is realized, the drying degree can be adjusted by controlling the rotating speed of the rotating shaft, and all or most of the discharged materials at the discharge hole are blades, the drying speed of the blades is high, so that the forage grass discharged from the discharge hole reaches the drying requirement by the mode, and thus, the conveying device can obtain the dried forage grass blades while realizing the separation of the blades and the stalk segments, meanwhile, the stalk segments are also dried to a certain degree, so that the subsequent drying difficulty is further reduced;

the pasture grading and drying system is characterized in that the pasture cutting device is conventional equipment at present, the pasture is divided into blades and stalks, the formed dry pasture blades are suitable for feeding young animals while the risk of mildewing of pasture storage caused by uneven drying is avoided, the formed dry pasture stalk segments are suitable for feeding adult animals, and the disadvantages of waste of pasture and dyspepsia caused by eating of the young animals in the current feeding work are reduced; moreover, the crushing of the stalk segments is realized in the process of separating the leaves and the stalk segments, so that the subsequent drying difficulty of the stalk segments is greatly reduced;

according to the grass drying method, grass blades and tender stems are harvested during first harvesting, young animal grass suitable for young animal feeding is obtained after processing, and after second harvesting, the blades and the stems are separated and dried, so that graded drying of the grass is achieved, young animal grass and adult livestock grass are formed, and disadvantages of waste of the grass and dyspepsia caused by eating of the stems by young animals in the current feeding work are reduced; moreover, compared with the traditional forage grass harvesting, the method does not prolong the planting time of more forage grass, and compared with the traditional one-time whole-plant harvesting mode, the method of twice harvesting has more grass production, larger blade proportion and easier obtaining of high-quality young animal forage grass.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic layout of one embodiment of the staged delivery device of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of the auger of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the exhaust holes and the blowing holes;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the position of the first groove and stalk segment according to one embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the position of the first and second bevels with the stalk segments according to one embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the position of one embodiment of the squeeze rolls and stalk segments;

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the position of one embodiment dryer can and baffle segment;

fig. 8 is a block diagram of the steps of the grass stage drying method;

the following are marked in the figure: 1-cylinder body, 2-rotating shaft, 3-helical blade, 4-feed hopper, 5-discharge port, 6-notch, 7-first groove, 8-second groove, 9-cutting block, 10-extrusion roller segment, 11-blast hole, 12-exhaust hole, 13-pasture cutting device, 14-first hot air device, 15-second hot air device, 16-material receiving groove, 17-drying cylinder, 18-guide plate segment, 19-stem segment and 20-liquid accumulating box.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of some embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features and technical solutions thereof may be combined with each other without conflict.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like refer to orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally arranged when the products of the present invention are used, or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, and such terms are used for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not refer to or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Example 1, as shown in figures 1-6:

the utility model provides a hierarchical conveyor of forage grass, includes the auger, the auger includes barrel 1, sets up pivot 2 in the barrel 1 is in with the setting change epaxial helical blade 3 in the barrel 1 both ends still are provided with the shrouding, be provided with on the shrouding and be used for supporting the bearing of pivot 2 barrel 1 wherein the lateral wall upside of one end is provided with feeder hopper 4, and the lateral wall downside of the other end is provided with discharge gate 5 1 downside of barrel is provided with the edge rectangular form breach 6 of 1 generating line direction of barrel, rectangular form breach 6's width is 1/4 ~ 3/4 for being carried pasture grass stem diameter. In this application, the diameter of the grass stalks is the diameter of the middle part of the grass stalks in the mature period. In the scheme of the embodiment, the rotating shaft 2 is driven to rotate by an external driving device, such as a motor, the cut or crushed grass is fed into the feeding hopper 4, the grass enters the barrel body 1 from the feeding hopper 4, the rotating shaft 2 drives the spiral blade 3 to rotate, and then the end of the grass segment with the feeding hopper 4 is pushed to the discharging port 5, in the process, the grass segment rolls along with the spiral blade 3 and the rotating shaft 2, because the strip-shaped notch 6 is arranged at the lower side of the barrel body 1, the stalk segment 19 has a higher specific gravity compared with the blades and is generally smoother in the outer wall, so the grass segment sinks at the lower side of the barrel body 1 and partially sinks into the strip-shaped notch 6, and in the rotating process of the spiral blade 3, the stalk segment 19 is extruded to break the stalk segment 19, and is forced to enter the notch 6, and then passes through the notch 6 under the pushing of the following stalk segment 19, by the mode, the separation of the stalk segments 19 and the blades is realized, and when the stalk segments 19 pass through the gaps 6, the stalks are also broken under the extrusion and shearing action of the edges of the helical blades 3 and the gaps 6 and the side walls of the gaps 6, so that the follow-up work of drying the stalk segments 19 is greatly facilitated, and the drying time of the stalk segments 19 is greatly shortened.

As a preferred embodiment, further, the edge of the helical blade 3 is rounded, and the edge of the helical blade 3 is rounded, so that the stalk segments 19 are pushed into the notches 6 and pressed during the rotation of the helical blade 3.

Preferably, in addition to the above-mentioned aspect, the first bevels 7 are provided on the outer sides of the tubular body 1 on both sides of the elongated notch 6. The setting of first groove 7 has reduced the friction that long form breach 6 was passed to stem stalk section 19, does benefit to stem stalk section 19 and passes breach 6, reduces breach 6 jam risk.

Preferably, the first bevel 7 extends to the inner wall of the cylinder 1, and the inner side of the elongated notch 6 is shaped like a blade. Because the stalk section 19 is the strip, for the shape of similar circumference, and 1 inner wall of barrel is the face of cylinder, so, with turning of helical blade 3, the length direction of stalk section 19 is sunk in rectangular form breach 6 with the unanimous part of length direction of rectangular form breach 6, because the inboard of rectangular form breach 6 is cutting edge form, when 3 marginal rotation processes of helical blade extrude stalk section 19, still make the inboard edge of rectangular form breach 6 cut stalk section 19 along its axial, make the stalk break, so, further increase stalk section 19's the degree of breaking, make things convenient for subsequent drying work.

As another preferred mode, the inner sides of the cylinders 1 on both sides of the elongated notch 6 are provided with second grooves 8. The arrangement of the second groove 8 is further convenient for the part of the stalk segment 19 to sink into the gap 6, and the extrusion of the helical blade 3 is convenient.

Preferably, in addition to the above-mentioned embodiment, the depth of the second groove 8 is 1/4 to 3/4 of the diameter of the stalk of the grass to be transported. By adopting the proportion, the stalks can conveniently enter the second groove 8, and meanwhile, the helical blades 3 can be ensured to fully extrude the stalk segments 19, and the stalk segments 19 can be ensured to pass through the gaps 6.

In a preferred embodiment, in addition to the above-described aspect, the first bevel 7 extends to be in contact with the second bevel 8, and a blade shape is formed at a contact point between a side wall of the first bevel 7 and a side wall of the second bevel 8. In this way the stalk segments 19 fall into the gap 6 and can be further broken during the pressing process.

Preferably, in addition to the above-mentioned aspect, a plurality of cut pieces 9 are further provided in the elongated notch 6, the side walls of the cut pieces 9 are matched with the side walls of the first bevel 7 and the second bevel 8, and the side of the cut piece 9 facing the inside of the cylindrical body 1 does not exceed the inner wall surface of the cylindrical body 1. The setting of stripping off piece 9 can realize segmenting rectangular form breach 6 length, and then realizes the accuse of stalk length, can further cut and fracture the stalk on the length direction of stalk.

Preferably, in addition to the above-described aspect, a side of the cut-off piece 9 facing the inside of the cylinder 1 is shaped like a blade. Therefore, the cutting of the stalks is further facilitated.

Preferably, in addition to the above-mentioned aspect, the cutout 9 and the elongated notch 6 are in sliding fit. Therefore, the distance between the connected cutting blocks 9 can be adjusted according to the actual use condition, and the use is further facilitated.

Preferably, in addition to the above aspect, there are two elongated notches 6, and the two elongated notches 6 are parallel to each other. By arranging two strip-shaped notches 6, the screening efficiency of the stalk segments 19 is further improved.

Preferably, in addition to the above-mentioned aspects, the helical blade 3 is further provided with a squeezing roller, the squeezing roller is cylindrical, a side wall of the squeezing roller is in clearance fit with an inner wall of the cylinder 1, and a central axis of the squeezing roller is parallel to a central axis of the rotating shaft 2. The setting of squeeze roll, on the one hand when rotating along with helical blade 3, can be more abundant turn the forage grass in the barrel 1, separation between edge blade and the stalk segment 19, on the other hand, the extrusion to stalk segment 19 has also been strengthened, on the other hand, because the squeeze roll is cylindric, so, in rectangular form breach 6 department, when the squeeze roll rotates towards breach 6, its and barrel 1 inner wall between the clearance by big or small, just in-process, can be more convenient promote follow-up stalk segment 19 and form the extrusion to the stalk segment 19 in breach 6, also more make things convenient for follow-up stalk segment 19 to enter into breach 6, so, further ensure that stalk segment 19 passes breach 6.

Preferably, the squeeze roll comprises a plurality of squeeze roll segments 10, and both ends of the squeeze roll segments 10 are in rotation fit with the helical blades 3. The squeeze roll can be rotated, so that the follow-up stalks can be further squeezed conveniently.

Preferably, the squeeze roll comprises a plurality of squeeze roll segments 10, and both ends of the squeeze roll segments 10 are welded to the spiral blade 3. In this way the squeeze roll can also function to strengthen the helical blade 3.

Preferably, in addition to the above-mentioned embodiment, the elongated notch 6 penetrates from one end of the cylinder 1 to the other end of the cylinder 1, the cylinder 1 is arranged obliquely, one end of the feed hopper 4 is a lower end, one end of the discharge port 5 is a higher end, and a effusion box 20 with an open upper side is arranged below the lower end of the elongated notch 6. When the pasture is cut into sections and the straw sections 19 are pressed in the barrel body 1, pasture juice can be separated out, in the application, the barrel body 1 is inclined, the collection of the juice is convenient, and enough space is formed below the strip-shaped notch 6 and the discharge port 5 to arrange a bearing device conveniently.

Example 2, as shown in figures 1-6:

on the basis of the embodiment, furthermore, the lower end of the rotating shaft 2 penetrates out of the sealing plate, an air blowing hole 11 is formed in the end part of the rotating shaft 2, the air blowing hole 11 extends along the central axis of the rotating shaft 2, the length of the air blowing hole 11 is 1/4-3/4 of the length of the rotating shaft 2, a plurality of exhaust holes 12 are further formed in the part, located in the barrel body 1, of the rotating shaft 2, the exhaust holes 12 are arranged in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 2, one end of each exhaust hole 12 is communicated with the corresponding air blowing hole 11, the other end of each exhaust hole 12 is communicated with the inner space of the barrel body 1, and the diameter of each exhaust hole 12 is 2-5 mm. In the scheme of the application, hot air is blown into the air blowing hole 11 through a hot air device, the hot air enters the barrel body 1, a large amount of forage grass exists in the feed hopper 4 and the barrel body 1, the strip-shaped gap 6 is covered by the forage grass, particularly, the stalk segments 19 exist, so that most of the hot air is still discharged from the discharge hole 5, in the process, the helical blades 3 continuously turn the forage grass in the barrel body 1, extremely sufficient heat exchange is formed between the hot air and the forage grass, the moisture in the forage grass is taken away, and further, the drying of the forage grass is realized, the drying degree can be adjusted by controlling the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 2, and all or most of the discharged materials at the discharge hole 5 are blades, the drying speed of the blades is high, so the forage grass discharged from the discharge hole 5 reaches the drying requirement through the mode, and the conveying device of the application can obtain the dried forage grass blades while realizing the separation of the blades and the stalk segments 19, meanwhile, the stalk segments 19 are also dried to a certain degree, so that the difficulty of subsequent drying is further reduced.

Preferably, on the basis of the above scheme, on the same cross section perpendicular to the central axis of the rotating shaft 2, the exhaust holes 12 are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the central axis of the rotating shaft 2, and adjacent exhaust holes 12 are spaced. Thus, the uniform blowing of hot air in the circumferential direction is ensured.

Preferably, in addition to the above-mentioned aspects, the density of the exhaust holes 12 is gradually decreased in a direction from the lower side to the upper side of the rotating shaft 2. At the lower end, the water content of the pasture is larger, and the water content is gradually reduced along with the pushing of the helical blade 3, so that the density of the exhaust holes 12 is gradually reduced, and the full utilization of the heat of the hot air is ensured.

Example 3, as shown in figures 1-7,

the utility model provides a forage grass grading drying system, includes embodiment 2 hierarchical conveyor, still include forage grass dissection device 13 and first hot-blast apparatus 14, forage grass dissection device 13's bin outlet is located 4 tops of feeder hopper, first hot-blast apparatus 14 is used for court the 11 bloies in the epaxial blowing hole of pivot 2 are hot-blast the below of 1 rectangular form breach of barrel 6 still be provided with length with what rectangular form breach 6 looks adaptation connect silo 16, connect the slope setting of silo 16 connect the lower one end below of silo 16 still to be provided with drying device, drying device be used for the drying by connect 16 discharged materials of silo. The forage grass grading and drying system of this embodiment, forage grass segmenting device 13 be current conventional equipment, no longer describe here, owing to adopted the hierarchical conveyor of above-mentioned embodiment 2, realize the differentiation of blade and stem stalk to forage grass, when avoiding appearing dry inequality and leading to forage grass storage to go mildy and rot the risk, the dry forage grass blade that forms is applicable to the pup and feeds, dry pasture grass stem stalk segment 19 that forms is applicable to the feeding of adult draught animal, the work of feeding at present has been reduced, the waste of forage grass and the unfavorable condition such as dyspepsia that the stem stalk appears is eaten to the pup.

Preferably, in addition to the above-mentioned scheme, the drying device includes a drying cylinder 17 and a second hot air device 15, the upper end of the drying cylinder 17 is open and is located below the lower end of the material receiving groove 16, an air outlet of the second hot air device 15 is communicated with the lower portion of the drying cylinder 17, and hot air is blown into the drying cylinder 17 from the lower portion of the drying cylinder 17. Carry out the drying to stem segment 19 through second hot air device 15, stem segment 19 has rectangular form breach 6 to fall and gets into drying cylinder 17, and second hot air device 15's hot-blast drying cylinder 17 lower part gets into drying cylinder 17 and upwards flows, and then realizes the drying to stem segment 19, in this application, first hot air device 14 and second hot air device 15 are present conventional hot-blast furnace or air heater, and its specific structure is no longer repeated here.

Preferably, in addition to the above-mentioned embodiments, the bottom plate of the drying cylinder 17 has a funnel-shaped structure with a large top and a small bottom, the lower end of the funnel-shaped bottom plate is provided with a discharge hole, the bottom of the side wall of the drying cylinder 17 is provided with an air inlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe is communicated with the air outlet of the second hot air device 15. Thus, the heat utilization rate of the hot air discharged from the second hot air device 15 is further improved.

Preferably, in addition to the above, a plurality of bottom-to-top spiral deflector segments 18 are further provided on the inner wall of the drying cylinder 17.

Preferably, in addition to the above, at least one deflector segment 18 is present in any vertical direction on the inner wall of the drying cylinder 17. The setting of guide plate avoids hot-blast quick supreme discharge drying cylinder 17 down, so, further improves the heat utilization ratio to hot-blast.

Example 4, as shown in figures 1-8,

a pasture grass grading and drying method comprises the following steps:

Preferably, in addition to the above-described aspect, in the first step, the height of the mown grass is 1/3 to 1/2 of the height of the entire grass at the time of the first harvest. The forage grass with the height is harvested, on one hand, the harvested stalks are ensured to be tender stalks which can be suitable for young animals to eat, and on the other hand, the following leaves and stalks can be ensured to grow rapidly.

Preferably, in a further aspect based on the above aspect, in the second aspect, the second cut of pasture grass is dried using the pasture grading drying system of example 3. In the method of the embodiment, the grass grading and drying system in the embodiment 3 is adopted, so that the separation of the blades and the stalk segments 19 of the grass harvested for the second time is greatly facilitated, and when the stalk segments 19 are separated, the blades and the stalk segments 19 are pressed and axially sheared through the notches 6 on the auger cylinder 1, the helical blades 3 and the squeeze roller segments 10, so that the subsequent stalk segments 19 are greatly dried, the problem that the stalk segments 19 are dry outside and wet inside is avoided, and the problem that the stalk segments 19 are mildewed during storage due to large internal humidity is further reduced.

The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the invention and not for limiting the technical solutions described in the invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail in the present specification with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and therefore, any modification or equivalent replacement of the present invention is made; all such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a hierarchical conveyor of forage grass, includes the auger, the auger includes the barrel, sets up pivot in the barrel is in with the setting change epaxial helical blade the barrel both ends still are provided with the shrouding, be provided with on the shrouding and be used for supporting the bearing of pivot the barrel wherein the lateral wall upside of one end is provided with the feeder hopper, and the lateral wall downside of the other end is provided with discharge gate, its characterized in that: the lower side of the barrel is provided with a strip-shaped notch along the bus direction of the barrel, the width of the strip-shaped notch is 1/4-3/4 of the diameter of the grass stalks to be conveyed, the stalk segments are extruded in the rotating process of the helical blades, the stalk segments are broken and forced to enter the notch, and then the stalk segments and the blades are separated by passing through the notch under the pushing of the following stalk segments,

forage grass grading conveyor still includes forage grass dissection device and first hot-blast apparatus, forage grass dissection device's bin outlet is located the feeder hopper top, first hot-blast apparatus is used for court the epaxial blast hole drum of commentaries on classics goes into hot-blastly the below of the long form breach of barrel still be provided with length with the silo that connects of long form breach looks adaptation, connect the silo slope to set up connect the lower one end below of silo still to be provided with drying device, drying device be used for the drying by connect silo exhaust material.

2. A pasture grading delivery device as in claim 1 wherein: the edges of the helical blades are provided with fillets.

3. A pasture grading delivery device as in claim 2 wherein: and the outer sides of the cylinders on two sides of the long strip-shaped notch are provided with first grooves.

4. A pasture grading delivery device as in claim 3 wherein: the first groove extends to the inner wall of the cylinder body, so that the inner side of the long strip-shaped notch is in a blade shape.

5. A pasture grading delivery device as in claim 3 wherein: and second grooves are formed in the inner sides of the cylinders on the two sides of the long strip-shaped notch.

6. A pasture grading delivery device as in claim 5, characterized by: the depth of the second groove is 1/4-3/4 of the diameter of the stalks of the grass to be conveyed.

7. A pasture grading delivery device as in claim 6 wherein: the first groove extends to be connected with the second groove, and a blade shape is formed at the joint of the side wall of the first groove and the side wall of the second groove.

8. A pasture grading delivery device as in claim 6 wherein: the cutting block is characterized in that a plurality of cutting blocks are further arranged in the long strip-shaped notch, the side wall of each cutting block is matched with the side wall of the first groove and the side wall of the second groove, and one side, facing the inside of the cylinder, of each cutting block does not exceed the inner wall surface of the cylinder.

9. A pasture grading delivery device as in claim 8 wherein: one side of the cutting block facing the cylinder body is in a blade shape, and the cutting block is in sliding fit with the long-strip-shaped notch.

10. A pasture grading delivery device as in any one of claims 1-9 wherein: the spiral blades are further provided with extrusion rollers which are cylindrical, the side walls of the extrusion rollers are in clearance fit with the inner wall of the barrel body, the central axis of the extrusion rollers is parallel to the central axis of the rotating shaft, each extrusion roller comprises a plurality of extrusion roller sections, the two ends of each extrusion roller section are in rotary fit with the spiral blades, the long strip-shaped gap penetrates through the barrel body from one end to the other end of the barrel body, the barrel body is obliquely arranged, one end of the feed hopper is a lower end, one end of the discharge port is a higher end, a liquid accumulation box with an open upper side is arranged below the lower end of the long strip-shaped gap, the lower end of the rotating shaft penetrates out of the sealing plate, and an air blowing hole is arranged at the end part and extends along the central axis of the rotating shaft, and the length of the air blowing hole is 1/4-3/4 of the length of the rotating shaft, the pivot is located still be provided with a plurality of exhaust holes in the part in the barrel, the exhaust hole is followed the radial arrangement of pivot, exhaust hole one end with blast air hole intercommunication, the other end with barrel inner space intercommunication, the diameter in exhaust hole is 2-5mm, at same perpendicular to on the cross-section of pivot the central axis, the exhaust hole winds the central axis circumference equipartition of pivot separates mutually between the adjacent exhaust hole the pivot is from low to the direction of high, the density in exhaust hole reduces gradually.