CN111006946A - Method for ultrasonic nondestructive detection of nonuniform sleeve restraining force of square steel tube concrete column - Google Patents
Method for ultrasonic nondestructive detection of nonuniform sleeve restraining force of square steel tube concrete column Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0658—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using acoustic or ultrasonic detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for ultrasonic nondestructive testing of a non-uniform hoop restraining force of a square steel tube concrete column. As the hoop restraining force of the square steel pipe on the core concrete is in non-uniform groove-shaped distribution, no test method is available at present for accurately measuring the non-uniform restraining force and the distribution condition along the section. Therefore, the method is based on an ultrasonic stress testing technology, an ultrasonic transmitting sensor is pre-embedded in the center of a section to be measured in the column to transmit ultrasonic waves, a plurality of ultrasonic receiving devices are arranged on the outer surface of a steel pipe with the same cross section along the width direction of the section to receive a test signal, and then the non-uniform hoop restraining force of the section to be measured along the width of the section when the square steel pipe concrete column is pressed is detected according to the relation between the received sound wave-stress sensitivity parameter and the hoop restraining force. The method has the advantages of simple operation, visual measurement result, simple testing device, no need of damaging the measured component, high sensitivity and capability of realizing the actual measurement of the binding force of the ferrule in the whole stress process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic nondestructive testing, in particular to a method for ultrasonic nondestructive testing of a non-uniform hoop restraining force of a square steel tube concrete column.
Background
The steel pipe concrete column is being more and more widely used in practical engineering because of its advantages of high bearing capacity, good earthquake resistance, better fire resistance than steel structure, and convenient construction. The bearing capacity of the steel tube concrete column can generate the effect of 1+1>2, and one important reason is that the steel tube has a hoop restraining effect on the core concrete, so that the core concrete is in a three-dimensional compression state, and the compression strength of the concrete is improved. Therefore, the determination of the magnitude of the restraint force of the hoop is very important for deeply researching the mechanical property of the concrete-filled steel tubular column.
At present, there are a pressure sensor method, a hydraulic pressure simulation method, and the like for directly measuring the uneven cuff restraining force of the square steel pipe. However, the core concrete in the steel pipe concrete is in a three-dimensional compression state, the pressure sensor is influenced by longitudinal pressure and circumferential pressure under complex stress, the sensitivity of the pressure sensor is reduced, and the sensitivity of the pressure sensor is also reduced after repeated loading, so that the core concrete is difficult to popularize in practical application; the hydraulic analog method is an analog method, and the test is complicated, the reading is not visual, and the precision is not high. Meanwhile, the hoop restraining force of the steel pipe exists on the interface of the steel pipe and the concrete, the measuring device of the common stress strain cannot be installed, and because the restraining effect of the square steel pipe on the core concrete is in an uneven state, the installation of a plurality of measuring devices on the same cross section cannot be realized, and the ultrasonic mode can be adopted to avoid the arrangement of measuring elements at the interface contact position, so that the measuring device has a good application prospect. At present, no report related to the application of an ultrasonic detection technology to the direct measurement of the uneven hoop restraining force of the square steel tube concrete column is found.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for ultrasonic non-destructive testing of the restraint force of the uneven hoop of the square steel tube concrete column.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for ultrasonic non-destructive testing of uneven hoop restraining force of a square steel tube concrete column, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the steps that a square steel tube concrete column structure to be tested is used as a sensitive element, ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the square steel tube concrete column structure to be tested by an ultrasonic transmitting sensor, a plurality of ultrasonic receiving devices distributed along the width of a cross section receive sound wave testing signals penetrating through the square steel tube concrete column structure to be tested, and the uneven hoop restraining force of a square steel tube on core concrete and the distribution of the restraining force along the width direction of the cross section when the square steel tube concrete column structure to be tested is pressed are accurately measured according to the relation between the received ultrasonic sound-stress sensitivity parameters and the hoop restraining force; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) embedding an ultrasonic emission sensor, wherein the ultrasonic emission sensor is embedded in the central position of a section to be measured in the square steel tube concrete column to be measured before core concrete is poured;
(2) carrying out a compression test on the square steel tube concrete column to be tested, and carrying out graded loading; in the initial stage of loading, each stage of loading is 1/10 of estimated ultimate load, when the steel pipe enters the yield stage, each stage of load is 1/20 of the ultimate load, the load holding time of each stage is 2-3 min, and an ultrasonic test is carried out after the pointer of the dial plate of the press is stable;
(3) ultrasonic testing, namely uniformly arranging 4 ultrasonic receivers at corners, B/6, B/3 and B/2 positions of the ultrasonic couplant along the width direction of the section of the steel pipe, wherein B is the width of the section of the square steel pipe in the square steel pipe concrete column to be tested; after the ultrasonic wave transmitting sensor is well contacted with the outer surface of a section steel tube in the square steel tube concrete column to be tested, transmitting ultrasonic waves to the square steel tube concrete column to be tested by the ultrasonic wave transmitting sensor during testing, receiving the ultrasonic waves transmitted through the square steel tube concrete column to be tested by the ultrasonic wave receiving device, and simultaneously recording a beam curve corresponding to the transmitted ultrasonic waves;
(4) the computer analyzes and processes ultrasonic testing signals received by the ultrasonic receiving device and corresponding to different positions along the width direction of the section of the square steel pipe, the received sound wave signals are processed by utilizing wavelets, and a weighted frequency domain spectral area parameter is calculated by utilizing a formula (1):
in the formula: sjIs 2 ndjThe variation amplitude value of the frequency domain spectral area of the wavelet component under the scale; and then measuring and calculating the non-uniform hoop restraining force along the width direction of the section of the square steel pipe according to the correlation between the ultrasonic sound-stress sensitive parameters and the stress after the analysis and the treatment.
As a preferred scheme, in the step (1), the ultrasonic transmitting sensor is pre-embedded in the central position of the section to be measured in the core concrete column of the square steel tube concrete column structure to be measured, and the plurality of ultrasonic receiving devices are arranged at different positions of the outer surface of the steel tube with the same cross section of the square steel tube concrete column structure to be measured along the width of the cross section.
Further, the ultrasonic penetration method is adopted for detection in the step (3), and the ultrasonic receiving device is in good contact with the outer surface of the square steel tube through an ultrasonic coupling agent during ultrasonic testing; under the condition that the bonding state of the square steel tube concrete is good, the diffraction of ultrasonic waves along the wall of the square steel tube can be avoided.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the steel pipe concrete is pressed, the hoop restraining force limits the development of micro cracks in the core concrete, the ultrasonic waves transmit through the concrete to cause energy attenuation after reflection, refraction and scattering at a micro crack interface, and the stress state in the steel pipe concrete column can be sensitively reflected according to the change of each sound wave parameter. When the axis of the square steel tube concrete column is pressed, the restraint force of the hoop presents remarkable nonuniformity along the height direction of the column, and the section in the column is the largest and is the most dangerous section; and the hoop restraining force is distributed in a groove shape along the width direction of the section, the corner of the section is the largest, and the middle point of the edge is the smallest, so that the detection of the uneven hoop restraining force in the square concrete-filled steel tube can be realized by arranging a plurality of ultrasonic receiving devices along the width of the section to receive the acoustic test signal.
The method is based on an ultrasonic stress testing technology, adopts an ultrasonic penetration method, uses a square steel tube concrete column as a sensitive element, uses an ultrasonic transmitting sensor to transmit ultrasonic waves to the square steel tube concrete column, receives a sound wave testing signal transmitted through the square steel tube concrete column by an ultrasonic receiving device, and accurately detects the non-uniform hoop restraining force of a square steel tube on core concrete along the cross section width direction when the axis of the square steel tube concrete column is pressed according to the relation between the received ultrasonic sound-stress sensitivity parameter and the hoop restraining force.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: : the method for detecting the hoop restraining force of the square steel tube concrete column is used for constructing the relation between the sound-stress sensitive parameter and the hoop restraining force of the steel tube on the core concrete based on the ultrasonic stress testing technology, and can directly detect the uneven hoop restraining force of the square steel tube on the core concrete along the width direction of the cross section and the distribution and development of the restraining effect along the width direction of the cross section by only testing the sound wave parameter transmitted through the square steel tube concrete column under the condition of not damaging the component. The method is simple to operate, the measurement result is visual, the testing device is simple, the member is not required to be damaged, the sensitivity is high, the actual measurement of the restraint force of the uneven hoop in the whole stress process of the concrete-filled steel tube column on the opposite side can be realized, and a reliable experimental basis is provided for the research of the theoretical aspect of the concrete-filled steel tube column; the device can realize real-time detection of the restraint force of the uneven hoop in the construction or service process of the square steel tube concrete column and realize real-time monitoring on the safety and the health of the structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a detection structure corresponding to the method for ultrasonic non-destructive detection of uneven hoop restraining force of a square steel tube concrete column according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection device corresponding to the method for ultrasonic non-destructive detection of uneven hoop restraining force of a square steel tube concrete column according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a square concrete-filled steel tube column to be tested, 2, an ultrasonic transmitting sensor, 3, an ultrasonic receiving device, 4 and a computer.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in the figure, the embodiment of the invention provides a detection device corresponding to a method for ultrasonic nondestructive detection of the restraint force of the uneven hoop of the square steel tube concrete column. The detection device comprises a square steel tube concrete column to be detected 1, an ultrasonic emission sensor 2, a signal amplifier device, a plurality of ultrasonic receiving devices 3 and a computer 4. The square steel tube concrete column 1 to be measured is preferably formed by pouring self-compacting concrete, the ultrasonic transmitting sensor 2 is embedded in the center of a cross section to be measured in the column before core concrete is poured, the ultrasonic receiving device 3 is tightly attached to the outer surface of a steel tube of the cross section in the square steel tube concrete column 1 to be measured along the width direction of the cross section, and preferably, the ultrasonic transmitting sensor 2 and the ultrasonic receiving device 3 are in a synchronous working state; further, the ultrasonic receiving device 3 is also connected with a computer 4, and the computer 4 is used for analyzing and processing the ultrasonic testing signals received by the ultrasonic receiving device 3 and corresponding to different positions along the width direction of the cross section, and further measuring and calculating the non-uniform cuff restraining force along the width direction of the cross section according to the correlation between the ultrasonic sound-stress sensitive parameters and the stress after the analysis and processing.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) embedding an ultrasonic transmitting sensor 2, wherein the ultrasonic transmitting sensor 2 is embedded in the center position of a section to be measured in the column before core concrete is poured;
(2) and (3) carrying out a compression test on the square concrete-filled steel tubular column 1 to be tested, and carrying out graded loading. In the initial stage of loading, each stage of loading is 1/10 of estimated ultimate load, when the steel pipe enters the yield stage, each stage of load is 1/20 of the ultimate load, the load holding time of each stage is about 2-3 min, and an ultrasonic test is carried out after the pointer of the dial plate of the press is stable;
(3) and (3) ultrasonic testing, namely arranging 4 ultrasonic receiving devices 3 at corners, B/6, B/3 and B/2 of the ultrasonic couplant along the width direction of the section, wherein B is the width of the section of the square steel pipe. To be in good contact with the outer surface of the steel pipe with the middle section of the column. During testing, the ultrasonic transmitting sensor 2 transmits ultrasonic waves to the square concrete-filled steel tube column 1 to be tested, the ultrasonic receiving device 3 receives the ultrasonic waves transmitted through the square concrete-filled steel tube column 1, and meanwhile, a beam curve corresponding to the transmitted ultrasonic waves is recorded.
(4) The received sound wave signal is processed by wavelet, and the weighted frequency domain spectral area parameter is calculated by formula (1)
In the formula: sjIs 2 ndjMagnitude of variation of the frequency domain spectral area of the wavelet component at scale. A certain steel pipe concrete column with the wall thickness of 2.8mm, the side length of 273mm and the strength of filled concrete of C40 is tested. Loaded to the limit load and unloaded to 0.82N after exceeding the limituIn the time process, the measured spectral area parameter range is 1.115-1.346. According to the calculation of the calibration result of the correlation between the spectral area parameters of the square steel tube concrete and the hoop restraining force, the hoop restraining force at the B/2 position is 0-0.7 MPa, the hoop restraining force at the B/3 position is 0-0.8 MPa, the hoop restraining force at the B/6 position is 0-2.4 MPa, the hoop restraining force at the corner is 0-4.7 MPa, and the square steel tube concrete is integrally distributed in a groove shape. The result is compared with finite element calculation results and related theoretical analysis results, and the change trend is completely consistent.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for ultrasonic nondestructive testing of a square steel tube concrete column uneven cuff restraining force is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a square steel tube concrete column structure to be tested is used as a sensitive element, ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the square steel tube concrete column structure to be tested by an ultrasonic transmitting sensor, a plurality of ultrasonic receiving devices distributed along the width of a cross section receive sound wave testing signals penetrating through the square steel tube concrete column structure to be tested, and the uneven hoop restraining force of a square steel tube on core concrete and the distribution of the restraining force along the width direction of the cross section when the square steel tube concrete column structure to be tested is pressed are accurately measured according to the relation between the received ultrasonic sound-stress sensitivity parameters and the hoop restraining force; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) embedding an ultrasonic emission sensor, wherein the ultrasonic emission sensor is embedded in the central position of a section to be measured in the square steel tube concrete column to be measured before core concrete is poured;
(2) carrying out a compression test on the square steel tube concrete column to be tested, and carrying out graded loading; in the initial stage of loading, each stage of loading is 1/10 of estimated ultimate load, when the steel pipe enters the yield stage, each stage of load is 1/20 of the ultimate load, the load holding time of each stage is 2-3 min, and an ultrasonic test is carried out after the pointer of the dial plate of the press is stable;
(3) ultrasonic testing, namely uniformly arranging 4 ultrasonic receivers at corners, B/6, B/3 and B/2 positions of the ultrasonic couplant along the width direction of the section of the steel pipe, wherein B is the width of the section of the square steel pipe in the square steel pipe concrete column to be tested; after the ultrasonic wave transmitting sensor is well contacted with the outer surface of a section steel tube in the square steel tube concrete column to be tested, transmitting ultrasonic waves to the square steel tube concrete column to be tested by the ultrasonic wave transmitting sensor during testing, receiving the ultrasonic waves transmitted through the square steel tube concrete column to be tested by the ultrasonic wave receiving device, and simultaneously recording a beam curve corresponding to the transmitted ultrasonic waves;
(4) the computer analyzes and processes ultrasonic testing signals received by the ultrasonic receiving device and corresponding to different positions along the width direction of the section of the square steel pipe, the received sound wave signals are processed by utilizing wavelets, and a weighted frequency domain spectral area parameter is calculated by utilizing a formula (1):
in the formula: sjIs 2 ndjThe variation amplitude value of the frequency domain spectral area of the wavelet component under the scale; and then measuring and calculating the non-uniform hoop restraining force along the width direction of the section of the square steel pipe according to the correlation between the ultrasonic sound-stress sensitive parameters and the stress after the analysis and the treatment.
2. The method for ultrasonic non-destructive testing of the square steel tube concrete column uneven cuff restraining force according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the ultrasonic transmitting sensor is pre-embedded in the central position of the section to be measured in the core concrete column of the square steel tube concrete column structure to be measured, and the plurality of ultrasonic receiving devices are arranged at different positions of the outer surface of the steel tube with the same cross section of the square steel tube concrete column structure to be measured along the width of the section.
3. The method for ultrasonic non-destructive testing of the square steel tube concrete column uneven hoop restraining force according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: detecting by adopting an ultrasonic penetration method in the step (3), and well contacting the ultrasonic receiving device with the outer surface of the square steel pipe through an ultrasonic coupling agent during ultrasonic testing; under the condition that the bonding state of the square steel tube concrete is good, the diffraction of ultrasonic waves along the wall of the square steel tube can be avoided.
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